高中英語常用短語和句型歸納總結(jié)

最新高中英語常用短語和句型歸納總結(jié)(完整版)1．高考高頻動詞短語（1）act短語：actas擔(dān)任……職務(wù)，起……作用 actfor代理（某人職務(wù)），代為（處理某事）actout表演（對話、故事等） actup搗亂，出毛病例如：IactedasaninterpreterwhileIwasinXiamen.MrBlackisactingfortheoldmaninhiscase.(布萊克先生代那個老人處理他的案件。)ThechildrenwereactingoutthestoryofthebirthofJesus.He’satoughkidandheactsupalot.（2）break短語：breakaway擺脫，脫離 breakawayfrom…脫離……，奮力掙脫……breakdown出故障，壞掉，中止，累垮，分解breakin打斷，插話，闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入 breakinto…闖入……，破門而入 break(sth)off（使某物）折斷，中斷某事物，突然停止breakout（戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)breakoutintears突然大哭 breaktherule違反規(guī)定breakthrough突圍，沖跨 breakup分解，分裂，拆散，碎開 例如:Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolice,butwaslatercaught.Ifyoukeeponworkinglikethat,you’llbreakdownsoonerorlater.Thecarbrokedownjustonmywayhere.Ifanyonetriestobreakin,thealarmwillgooff.Ifanyonetriestobreakintothebuilding,thealarmwillgooff.Shebrokeoffabitofbreadanddippeditinthesoup.Ibrokeofftheconversationandansweredthephone.Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout?Itmaytakealongtimetobreakthroughtheproblem.Inspringtheicebergsbegintobreakup.（3）bring短語：bringabout引起，導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生 bringalong把……帶來，領(lǐng)來bringback拿回來，使恢復(fù) bringsbback送回某人bringsth/sbbacktolife使……生動/活潑，使……蘇醒（比較：sth/sbcomebacktolife復(fù)蘇，蘇醒）bringdown使……降低，減少，使……倒下，使……落下bringdown/up(theprice)降價／提價[比較：(theprice)godown/up價格下降/上漲]bringin引進(jìn)（技術(shù)），賺錢，帶來（收入），吸收bringon發(fā)展，引起，導(dǎo)致，使前進(jìn)bringout拿出，出版，生產(chǎn)，揭露，闡明，使表現(xiàn)出bringto使蘇醒bring…touse=put…touse對……加以利用bring/carrysthto/intoeffect實施……（比較：sthcome/gointoeffect開始實施）bringup撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，哺育 例如：Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtaboutbythedestructionoftherainforests.You’rewelcometobringalongafriend.Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobringdowninflation(通貨膨脹).Americancountrymusicbringsinmorethan$10billioneachyear.Thisnewkindoftechnologywasbroughtinintheearly1980s.Stresscanbringon(=leadto/resultin)headachesandotherillnesses.Jennyopenedthecupboardandbroughtoutacoupleofbottles.Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.（4）call短語：callat(sp)訪問（某地），拜訪（某地） [比較：callon(sb)拜訪（某人），訪問（某人）]callback回電話 callfor提倡，號召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人call/shoutforhelp呼救 callin請來，召集，來訪，打電話 calloff取消 callon/upon號召callout大聲呼喊，叫喊 callsb…forshort簡稱某人……callsbnames謾罵某人 callup給……打電話，使人想起，號召例如：WecalledatMike’shouseyesterday.AllshipssailingontheoceanscallforhelpbyradioinEnglish.I’llcallformyuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.Let’scallinadoctorforthelittlegirl.Manyofthesesongscalledon/upontheworkerstotakeupthestruggle.Ishallcallonhimtomorrow.Iheardsomebodycallingouttomefromdownstairs.Callmeuptomorrow;mynumberis536291.Yourlettercallsupthedayswhenweworkedtogetherfifteenyearsago.Duetothebadweather,thesportsmeetinghasbeencalledoff.（5）come短語：comeabout發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 comeacross偶然相遇comealong來，隨同，進(jìn)展，加油 comeat…向……襲擊comeback回來，想起來，復(fù)活 comedown下來，下落，傳下comedownto…到達(dá)，從一處來到另一處comefor…來拿，來取 comefrom…來自，出生于comein進(jìn)來，進(jìn)入 comeintobeing形成，產(chǎn)生 comeintouse使用起來 comeoff脫落，從……離開 comeon過來，跟我來，加油，來吧，趕快comeon/uponsb/sth偶然遇見，偶然碰上，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)comeout露出，出來，出現(xiàn)，出版，發(fā)（芽），（花）開comeoverto…過來，順便來訪，從一個地方來到另一個地方comeround/around（非正式）來訪，串門cometo…來到，出現(xiàn)，提及，達(dá)到，共計，結(jié)果是，蘇醒cometoanend結(jié)束，終止 cometoknow逐漸地知道 cometolife（變得）活潑，蘇醒過來 cometolight顯露，為人所知cometooneself蘇醒過來，恢復(fù)知覺 cometo/intopower當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺 come/gotoruin=fallintoruin變成廢墟cometotermswith…甘心忍受 cometrue變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實，成為事實comeup被提出，上來，走來，上升，抬頭，長出來comeuptosb朝某人走來comeupwith…提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），趕上例如：Anumberofeducationalreformshavecomeaboutasaresultofthereport.Icameacrossanoldfriendofmineinthestreettheotherday.YourEnglishiscomingalongreallywell.Comealong/on!Don’tgiveupyet!Comealong/on!We’reallwaitingforyou!Suddenly,hecameatmewithaknife.Now,let’scomebacktowhatIwassayingamomentago.Itisimpossibleforadeadanimaltocomeback.SnowwascomingdownsothicklythatIcouldhardlyseethroughthewindow.Theairplanecamedowninthatfield.Wheredoesthefilmstarcomefrom,doyouknow?MrSmithcameininahurry,bookinhand(=withabookinhishand).Thelawfirstcameintobeingin1912.Bythetimehecameto/intopowerin1951,hewasalreadyseventy.Howlongisitsincetheelectroniccomputercameintouse?Thebuttoncameoff,buthedidn’tnoticeit.Thereisnodoubtthatthetruthwillcomeoutoneday.Thetreesturngreenandflowerscomeout.Thismagazinecomesoutonceamonth.Whydon’tyoucomearound/roundforlunch?Somedayyou’llcometoknowthemistakesyouhavemade.Iftheydon’tcometoadecisionbymidnight,thetalkswillbeabandoned.I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’llcometomelater.Thebillcameto￡480intotalHisdreamofbecomingafilmstarcametrueatlast.Achildcameuptomeandshowedmetheway.Thesameproblemscameupatthemeetingyesterday.Theycameupwiththesameproblemsatthemeetingyesterday.Searchingthroughthedrawer,IcameupontheletterI’dbeenlookingfor.（6）cut短語：cutaway切除，剪去 cutdown砍倒，砍下，削減cutin插嘴，加塞，插入 cutinline插隊 cut…intopieces/halves把……切成碎片/切成兩半cutoff切斷（線路），中斷（供應(yīng)） cutout刪除，剪下來cutthecostof…降低……的成本 cutup切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齊根切掉例如：Hecutawaysomebranches,makingitlookmorebeautiful.Alotoftreestherewerecutdowninthepast.Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofthestorm.Hewassentencedtodeathandhadhisheadcutoffthenextday.Couldyoucutthepizzaup,please?（7）do短語：doabout處理，應(yīng)付 doanddon’t要與不要doagooddeed做一件好事 doalotofwalking走很多路doatest做實驗，做化驗 doawordpuzzle猜字謎doanexperiment/experiments做實驗 doawaywith廢除dobody-building做健身操 dochores處理瑣事，干家務(wù)dohousework做家務(wù)活 domake-up化妝，打扮 doobservations觀察 doone’sbest盡某人最大努力 doone’shomework做作業(yè) doresearchon…從事……研究工作 dosbafavour幫某人一個忙 dosbhonor=dohonortosb禮遇某人，對某人表示敬意dosbthefavourtodosth幫某人一個忙做某事dosomereading讀書，閱讀，看點(diǎn)書dosomeshopping=goshopping購物，買東西dosports=have/playsports=takeexercise進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動，做運(yùn)動，進(jìn)行鍛煉dosthinturn/byturns=taketurnstodosth/indoingsth輪流做某事dotelephoneinterviews進(jìn)行電話采訪dothelaundry洗衣服 doup打扮，梳妝，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好doupone’sshoes/hair系好鞋帶/梳好頭doupthebutton扣紐扣 dowell/betterin…在……方面干得好/更好dowith處理，處置，對付 dowrong做壞事，做錯事（比較：doright=dotherightthing做得對） 例如：Totellthetruth,Idon’tknowhowtodowithhim.I’llhavenothingtodowithhimfromnowon.Whatdidyoudowiththatcamerayoufound?Thepoisonouswastemaydogreatharmtothethingsaroundus.Eatmorefruit;itwilldogoodtoyou.IthinkIcandobetterinEnglishthisyearthanlastyear.Lisztsaid,“You’vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.”I’mgoingtodomybestthisyear.Iwasonlytryingtodoagooddeed.（8）get短語：getabetterunderstandingofChina更好地了解中國getafullmark/fullmarks得滿分 getalotofsatisfaction得到滿足getat意指，本意是 getaround=getabout四處走動，活動getaway移走，拿走，逃脫，逃離 getawayfrom逃脫，逃離getback回來，回家，取回，找回，退還getcloseto接近 getdown下來，降下getdownonone’sknees跪下 getdownto(doing)sth開始（做）某事）getin進(jìn)入，收獲，達(dá)到 getinaword插話 getinto…進(jìn)入…… getsbinto…使某人陷入getit接（電話），應(yīng)（門），理解，懂得 getoff下車，脫下（衣服等）geton上車，過活 geton/alongwith…進(jìn)展，與……相處 getonone’sfeet（艱難地）站立起來 getout離開，出去getoutof逃避，避免 getover克服，恢復(fù)，原諒 getup起床，起身 getacross理解，度過getthrough接通（電話），完成（工作），通過（考試）getto到達(dá)，抵達(dá) gettosleep入睡，設(shè)法睡著get/gain/takepossessionof占有，擁有，占領(lǐng)getreadyfor為……做準(zhǔn)備（比較：bereadyfor=bewellpreparedfor=beinpreparationfor為……做好了準(zhǔn)備）getridof除掉，去掉 getsbtodo讓某人做gettheideafor…想到……的主意 getthemessageacross傳播信息gettogether相聚，碰頭，聯(lián)歡 get/beusedtosth習(xí)慣于……，適應(yīng)于……（比較：beusedassth被用作……beusedforsth被用于……，用來做……beusedtodosth被用于做……usedtodosth過去常常做）get/bedressed穿衣服 get/beengaged(tosb)（與某人）訂婚get/belost丟失了，迷路 get/bemarried(tosb)=marry(sb)（與某人）結(jié)婚get/bestuck陷進(jìn)去，被困住，被難住，遇到困難get/betiredof對……感到厭倦，對……失去興趣（比較：get/betiredfor因……而感到疲倦）例如：I’mgettingonwellwithmyclassmatesnow.HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglish?Hegotthebookawayfromher.Thebankrobbersusedastolencartogetaway.Whendidyougetbackfromthecountryside?Haveyougotbackthebookyoulenthim?“Getdownonyourknees,”saidtheGenie,“forIamgoingtokillyou.”Thedusthasgotintomyeyes.Thismistakemaygethimintodifficulties.BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits.Ifyouknockintosomeone,orgetintohisway,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”or“I’msorry.”WhenyouareinLondon,youmightgetintouchwithafriendofmine.Theconductorgotoffandcheckedtherails.Shegotonherbicycleandcycledoff.Youworktoohard!Youshouldgetoutabitmore.Ifyoudon’twanttogo,IsupposeIcangetridoftheticket.WealltrytogettogetheratleastonceayearatChristmastime.IttookusonlyfourminutestogetthroughtheCustoms(海關(guān)).Itelephonedhim,butIjustcouldn’tgetthroughtohim.Shefeltsocoldthatshegotclosetohermother.It’stimewegotdowntowork.Thetheatrewasalreadyfull,andwecouldn’tgetin.Thepeasantsarebusygettinginthecrops.Wedidn’tgetupuntillunchtime.Hegotupandwalkedovertothewindow.（9）give短語：giveaway贈送，給予，背棄，泄露，分發(fā) giveback歸還，送回 givein投降，讓步，屈服 giveoff釋放，發(fā)出，放出(煙、光、熱等)giveout用完，耗盡，分發(fā)，發(fā)放 giveover=handover轉(zhuǎn)交，移交giveup放棄，辭去 giveaconcert開音樂會giveadescriptionof…描述…… give/makeaspeech演講，講話 giveatalk演講，做報告 givebirthto生嬰兒，生產(chǎn)，造成givecloseattentionto密切關(guān)注 givemedicalcaretosb對某人進(jìn)行治療giveshadeinsummer夏天時遮陽 give/lendsbahand給某人幫助givesbamessage=giveamessagetosb給某人捎個口信givesbasecondlook再看某人一眼 givesbawarmwelcome熱烈歡迎某人 givesbsomeadviceonsth/doingsth/howtodosth就……向某人提出建議/忠告例如：Inthosedays,heusedtogiveawayapartofhisincometohelphisfriend.Remembernottogiveitawaytoanyoneelse;it’sasecret.Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgivein.Iftheyareburned,theywillgiveoffpoisonousgases.Whentheymadereadytoclimbthenextridge(山脊),theyfoundthattheiroxygenhadgivenout.OurEnglishteacherisgivingoutthetestpapers.Boththemanandthehorsegaveoutafterthelongride.Allhopeoffindingthemissingaircraftwasgivenupandthesearchstopped.Maryhadtogiveupherjobafterhermarriage.MrBlackwillgiveusatalkonhowtolearnEnglishwellthisafternoon.Couldyougiveussomeadviceonreading?Ifyouwon’thaveitchanged,pleasegivemymoneyback.（10）go短語：goabroad出國 goabout四處走走，開始做，著手干goaboutfromhousetohouse挨/逐家拜訪 goagainst違反，違背goahead說吧，干吧，領(lǐng)先，走在前面 go/walkaround四處走走goaway走開，離去 goback回去gobeyond超越 goby走過，經(jīng)過，（時間）消逝，過去godown下來，落下，倒下 godownonone’sknees跪下gofor為……去，努力獲取，主張，適用于 goforahike=gohiking去徒步旅行g(shù)oforajobinterview去面試找工作 goforawalk/walks散步 goforsb對某人也一樣 goinfor參加，喜歡gointo詳細(xì)調(diào)查 gointodetails細(xì)說gooff走開，離去，（鬧鐘）鬧響 gooffto=beoffto=leavefor動身去goofftheair停止廣播（比較：goontheair開始廣播）goon發(fā)生，進(jìn)行，繼續(xù) go/beondiet在節(jié)食 goon(a)holiday去度假 goonatourto去……觀光（游覽）goonavisitto去……訪問（參觀）goondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事（同一事） [比較：goontodosth繼續(xù)做某事（另一事）goonwithsth繼續(xù)某事]goout熄滅，出去，外出 goover復(fù)習(xí)，過一遍，仔細(xì)檢查，審閱gopast從……的旁邊過去 goup上升，上漲，增長，攀登gowith…與……相配 gowithout忍受沒有……之苦，沒有……也行，沒有……也能勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付goshopping/fishing/sailing/camping/skating去購物/釣魚/駕船航行/宿營/滑冰gostraightalong沿著……一直往前走gothrough通過，經(jīng)受，瀏覽，仔細(xì)檢查 gothroughwith完成gotobed（上床）睡覺 gotoschool/work上學(xué)/上班gotosea當(dāng)水手 gotosleep入睡gototown進(jìn)城 gotoamovie去看電影gotothecountry(side)下鄉(xiāng) gohome/there回家/去那兒 gotoseeadoctor去看病，去看醫(yī)生 gobad變壞gowrong出毛病，不對頭，做錯事，誤入歧途goDutch各付各的帳，平攤費(fèi)用例如： Noonedaredtogoagainsttherules.—DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?/Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?—No,goahead.Iwentaway/offwonderingifI’dsaidanythingwrong.I’mafraidthefishhasgonebad.Thingswillgeteasierastimegoesby.Hewentbyquickly,takingnonoticeofus.Ifyoureallywantthejob,goforit!Closeallthedoorsandlockthemwhenyougoout.Thesamegoesforwindows.Igoinforallthecompetitions.Afterashortpause,Mariawentonwithherstory.Suddenlythecandlewentout.OnceagainIwentoverexactlywhatIneededtosay.Let’sgooverwhatwelearnedlastperiod.Doyouwantmetogothroughthisandcheckyourspellings?Unemploymentinthatcountryhasgoneupbyamillion.Itispossibletogowithoutfoodforafewdays.Something’sgonewrongwithmywatch;Imusthaveitrepaired.（11）have短語：haveabreak休息一下 haveabrightfuture有一個燦爛的未來have(got)acold/cough/headache/fever感冒/咳嗽/頭疼/發(fā)燒haveaconversationwithsb與某人交談[比較：haveadialoguewithsb與某人對話haveatalkwithsb(aboutsth)（就某事）與某人進(jìn)行交流haveawordwithsb=wouldlikeawordwithsb和某人談幾句，跟某人說句話]haveagiftfor…對……有天賦（比較：haveareputationfor…有……名譽(yù)/名聲）haveagoodflight（坐飛機(jī)）旅途愉快haveagoodknowledgeof…對……很熟悉，通曉……h(huán)aveagoodlaughover…對……笑了個夠haveagood/great/wonderfultime=have(great)fun玩得（非常）高興，過得愉快havea/thehabitof…=beina/thehabitof…有……的習(xí)慣（比較：getinto/formthehabitof…養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣getsbintothehabitof…使某人養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣）haveahit風(fēng)靡一時 havealargepopulation人口眾多 have/takealook看一看 haveameeting/party開會/舉行晚會haveanice/pleasanttrip/journey祝旅途愉快have(got)apain(inthe…)（身體某部位）痛haveapart-timejob做兼職工作 havea(good)rest休息have/takeaseat坐下（比較：have/takeone’sseat坐某人的座位）haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼 haveasweettooth喜歡吃甜食haveaswim游泳 haveatabletennismatch舉行一場乒乓球比賽haveatest進(jìn)行測驗 haveatry試一試 have/showanappetitefor…有……的欲望或愛好have/makeanappointmentwithsb和某人有預(yù)約,和某人有約定haveaneffecton/upon…對……有影響，對……產(chǎn)生作用（比較：influence…=affect…對……有影響havenoeffect/influenceon…對……沒有影響haveagood/badeffecton…對……有好/壞影響haveagreat/littleeffecton…對……有很大的影響/影響不大haveastronginfluenceon…對……有很大影響）have/takeanexam參加考試 haveaneyefor有眼力，有眼光haveanincomeof…有……的收入 haveaccessto…使用（接近……的）權(quán)利或機(jī)會havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早飯/午飯/晚飯havelessons/classes上課havemercyon…寬恕……，對……仁慈，對……表示憐憫 havenochanceofsurviving沒有生存的可能性havenochoicebuttodosth別無選擇，只好做某事havenoneof…根本不理睬…… haveon穿著 havesthonsb某人身上帶著某物 have/takeone’smedicine服藥，吃藥havesomedifficulty/trouble/problemswith…在……有困難/麻煩事[比較：havesomedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doingsth做某事有困難/麻煩]havesomething/nothingincommon(with…)（與……）有共同點(diǎn)／沒有共同之處（比較：havemuch/alotincommonwith…與……有許多相同之處havelittleincommonwith…與……幾乎沒有相同之處）havesomething/nothingtodowith…與……有關(guān)／無關(guān)haveto=havegotto不得不，必須 例如：Classisover.Let’shaveabreak.I’vegotacough.DadandIhadagoodlaughoverthat.Theyarehavingagoodtime.Hestoppedtohavealook.Wearegoingtohaveatabletennismatchtomorrowafternoon.Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?Hereisatree.Letmehavearest.Areyougoingtohaveaswim？We’llhaveatesttomorrow.WhereisPeter?Iwanttohaveawordwithhim.Doesshehavelunchathome？Thenithasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.Heknewabouttheorder,heknewwhythesoldierswerethere,buthewouldhavenoneofit.Wehavefourlessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Mostofhisquestionshavenothingtodowithhislessons.Inoticedthathehadonbedroomslippers.Pleasecomehereandhavemyseat,Granny.Hehasn’thadanymedicine.Atthreefiftyintheafternoonwehavesports.（12）hold短語：holdameeting/party開會/舉行晚會 holdback退縮，躊躇，阻擋，控制住holdone’sbreath屏息，不出氣 holdon等一等，不要掛電話holdonto抓住，保住 holdout伸出，堅持下去，維持holdup阻擋，使停頓，舉起，拿起，阻滯 holdtogether連在一起，團(tuán)結(jié)一致 例如：Angerfloodedthroughher.Shecouldn’tholditback.—CouldIspeaktoMrSmith?—Holdon,please.Thelittleboyheldouthishands.Ithinkwatersupplieswon’tholdoutmuchlonger.Sorry,I’mlate.Iwasheldupatwork.（13）keep短語：keepawayfrom避開，別靠近 keepback隱瞞，忍住，阻止……向前，留下keepdown控制 keepoff勿踏，勿踩keepoffsb/sth不接觸或不接近某人/某事物 keepon繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 keepout不得入內(nèi) keep…out把……擋住，把……留在外面keepoutof…不進(jìn)入…… keepup繼續(xù)，保持，堅持，使（情緒等）不低落keepupwith…=catchupwith…跟上，趕上 keepadate赴約 keepahealthydiet保持健康的飲食keeparecord/records保持記錄 keepaneyeon注視，留心，注意，照顧（比較：keepaneyeoutfor注視，留心，注意）keepbusydoing忙著做某事 keepfit保持健康 keep…inmind=learn…byheart=remember…把……記住keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)不停地做某事[比較：keepsbdoingsth使某人一直/繼續(xù)做某事keep…fromdoing阻止……做，不讓……做stop/prevent…(from)doing妨礙/預(yù)防/阻止……做，不讓……做]keepone’sappointment守約（比較：breakone’sappointment違約）keepone’sbalance保持平衡 keepone’sword(s)遵守諾言 keepsafe保持安全 keepsilentover…對……保持沉默keepthesamelook保持原貌 keepwatch保持警戒，站崗 例如：Iwouldhavebeenheresooner,buttherainstormkeptmeback.Everyweektherewasarebellion（造反）somewhere,andtheAustriansoldierswerekeptbusyhurryingfromonetowntoanotherinordertoputdowntherebellions.WhileLeonovwasoutsidetheship,hekeptintouchbytelephonewithhiscompanionandwiththeearth.Hekeptontellingusthesamestoryoverandover.Youmaydependonhisdoingwhathesays,forheisapersonwhoalwayskeepshiswords.Danger!Keepout!Willthisovercoatkeeptherainout?Itisalsobadmannerstokeepsilentwhentheteacherasksyouaquestion.Therainkeptupallnight.IseeyouaregettingalongwellwithyourEnglishstudies.Keepupthegoodwork.Thegoodnewskeepsourspiritsup.HewalkedsofastthatIcouldhardlykeepupwithhim.Everyfewhundredmetersalongthewalltherearewatch-towers,wheresoldiersusedtokeepwatch.Thereisasigntheresaying,“Keepoffthegrass.”（14）knock短語：knockat/on敲打（門、窗等） knockdown把……撞倒，擊倒knockinto撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰見 knocksbout(ofsth)淘汰某人 knockover撞翻，撞倒例如：Weknockedat/onthedoorbuttherewasnoonethere.Hewasinhospitallastnightafterbeingknockeddownbyacar.TomenteredtheclassroomhurriedlyandknockedintoMr.White.Healmostknockedintomebeforeherealizedit.Ifnooneanswersthefrontdoor,tryknockingatthebackdoor.（15）look短語：lookat看著，注視，檢查 lookatoneselfinthemirror=admireoneselfinthemirror照鏡子lookafter照顧，照料，照看 lookahead向前看，展望未來lookaround/about四處看看，四下環(huán)顧 lookback回首，回憶，回顧過去 lookbackon…回顧……，回憶……lookforwardtosth/doingsth盼望，期盼某事物/做某事lookfor尋找，找 lookin來訪，參觀lookinto…往……里面看，瀏覽，調(diào)查，研究look(right)intosb’seyes直視著looklike…看起來像……（比較：lookthesame看起來像）lookon旁觀，觀望lookout=becareful=takecare留神，當(dāng)心，注意，警惕，提防lookoutfor警惕，留心，找出來 lookover…翻閱，（仔細(xì)）檢查 lookthrough看透，仔細(xì)查看，瀏覽，翻閱，溫習(xí)lookup仰視，往上看，（在字典或參考書中）查閱，查尋lookuptosb敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比較：lookdownon/uponsb瞧不起，鄙視，輕視）look/beworried看上去/感到擔(dān)心例如：Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.HespenttwoweeksinShanghai,lookingaround/aboutthecity.Wearelookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Joinus.Don’tjustlookon.Theyalllookedonhimasamemberoftheirfamily.Lookout!Thereisdangerahead.IshalllookoutthatIdon’ttrusthimagain.Helookedthroughhisnotesbeforewritingthereport.Lookthroughthesephotographsandtrytopickoutthemanyousee.Imustlookupthetimeofyourtrain.Afoxcametothetreeandlookedupatthecock.I’vealwayslookeduptoBillforhiscourageanddetermination.（16）make短語：makeinto制成，作成（后面跟產(chǎn)品，制成品）[比較：bemadein在……生產(chǎn)/制造bemadeof由……組成/構(gòu)成，用某種原材料制成（物理變化）bemadefrom由……組成/構(gòu)成，用某種原材料制成（化學(xué)變化）bemadeupof=consistof由……組成，由……構(gòu)成]makeout理解，看清楚makeup化妝，打扮，和解，配制，編造，虛構(gòu)，構(gòu)成，組成makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充，補(bǔ)償 madeupone’smind下決心makeachoice做出選擇 makeacommitment承諾，保證makeacomment/comments(on/upon…)（對……）發(fā)表評論makea(great)contributionto…為……做出（巨大）貢獻(xiàn)，為……捐款makeadecision做出決定 makea(no)difference（沒）有關(guān)系/影響makeaface/faces扮鬼臉 makeafire生火 makeafilm/blockbuster／follow-ups拍電影/巨片／續(xù)集makeafoolofsb=foolsb愚弄某人（比較：makefoolof…愚弄）make/leave/createagoodimpression(onsb)（給某人）留下好印象makeamistake/mistakes犯錯誤make(a)noise制造噪音，發(fā)出令人不愉快的聲音makeanote/notesof…記錄，做筆記，記下來makeaplan(for…)（為……）制訂計劃，制訂一個（……的）計劃makeapointofdoingsth認(rèn)為做某事重要或有必要makeapromise承諾 makearecord錄制唱片，做記錄（比較：recordasong錄一首歌 setaworldrecord創(chuàng)造世界記錄）make(a)suggestion(on…)提出（關(guān)于……）的建議makeatelephonecall打電話 make/takeatrip/journeyto…去某地旅行makeconversation交談 make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵makefriendswithsb與某人交朋友 makefunof…取笑，嘲笑，和……開玩笑makeit（事業(yè)上）獲得成功 makejokesaboutsb拿某人開玩笑，以某人為笑柄makemistakeabout…犯了……錯誤 make/earnmoney掙錢makeoneselfathome不拘束，別客氣 makeoneselfknown使/讓自己出名makeone’swayto…往……走去 makeprogress(in…)（在……方面）取得進(jìn)步makesense有意義，有道理，講得通 makesenseof…弄懂……的意思makesthto(one’sown)measure（按自己的尺寸）定做makesure確保，確認(rèn)，查明maketheadjustmentto…適應(yīng)…… makethe/one’sbed整理床鋪 make(full)useof…=makethemost/bestof…(充分)利用例如：Bambooisalsomadeintopaper.Ourdesksandchairsaremadeofwood.Thepaperforbooksandnewspapersalsoismadefromwood.Thisengineismadeupof490parts.Theactormadehimselfupforthepartofanoldman.Thesedaysmanygirlsmakeupwhentheyarestillquiteyoung.Shemadeupagoodlunchfrombitsandpieces.Thereisn’tanylittlegirlcalledKittyhere.Hehasjustmadeherup.Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforlackofintelligence.Everyoneshouldmakefulluseoftime.Butwaittillyouseewhatwe’llmakeforyoutoyourownmeasure.Ihavemadeupmymind,andnothingyousaywillchangeit.TheymadefunofmymistakeswhenItriedtospeakEnglish.（17）pass短語：passaway去世，死（委婉說法） passby通過，從旁邊經(jīng)過passdown傳下來，流傳，使世代相傳，一代一代傳下去passon(tosb)轉(zhuǎn)交給(某人)，傳給(某人)passonfromonegenerationtothenext一代代流傳下來passout失去知覺，昏厥 passthrough穿過，越過passsthfromonetoanother把某事物從一人傳到另一人手上passtheexamination通過考試?yán)纾篋rJohnsonpassedawaylastnight.Theyallwavedtousastheypassedby.Thetraditionhasbeenpasseddownfromfathertosonforgenerations.Shesaidshe’dpassthemessageontotheotherstudents.InearlypassedoutwhenIsawtheblood.（18）pay短語：payattentionto…對……注意，留心……payavisittosb/aplace訪問，拜訪（某人），參觀（某地）payback償還（借款），報答，報復(fù) payfor付款，付費(fèi)，付代價（比較：payahighpricefor…付高價）payoff還清（欠款） paysbavisit拜訪某人paythebill買單，付帳單例如：HepromisedtopaythemoneybackbyFriday.Theoldinourcitydon’tneedtopayfortransport.Aftertenyearsofhardworkhepaidoffallhisdebtsatlast.（19）pick短語：pickout挑選，認(rèn)出pickup拾起，接收，學(xué)會（語言），開車去接，康復(fù)，購買（便宜商品）例如：Hisstorywaspickedoutasthebestbythejudges.ThephonerangandIpickeditup.I’llpickyouupatthestation.ImanagedtopickupanAmericannewsbroadcast.Afterashortbreaktheypickedupthetopictheytalkedaboutearlier.Ipickeduptheunusualstampbyaccident.IpickedupafewwordsofGreekwhenIwastherelastyear.（20）put短語：putaway將某物收拾起來，存錢，儲存，存起來putdown撲滅，平息，鎮(zhèn)壓，記下putforward提出，建議，推薦 putoff延期，拖延puton（戲）上演，放（唱片），穿戴 putonaperformance演出putout撲滅，熄滅，使……停止燃燒，伸出，出版，生產(chǎn)putup掛起，張貼，舉起，抬起，搭起，建立putupwith忍受，容忍 putinto使進(jìn)入，輸入，投入put／translate…into把……譯成 putone’sheartinto…全神貫注于……putsbin/intoprison把某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 put…touse使用……，運(yùn)用…… putadatetosth注明日期（比較：set/fixthedate確定日期todate到目前為止）putanendto…結(jié)束…… put…together把……放在一起例如：Weputawaythetoolsbeforeweleavetheworkshop.Allthemedicalworkersintheregionhelpedtoputdowntheinfluenzaepidemic（流感）.Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.Weareputtingtheplayonagainnextweekowingtoitssuccess.Thefiremensoonputthefireout.Thedoctortoldmetoputoutmytongue.It’stimethatweputuptheChristmasdecorations（裝飾物）inthelivingroom.Dropyourweaponsandputyourhandsup.Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.Ican’tputupwithalotofnoisypeoplewhenIamworking.Thegovernmentisputtingmoremoneyintoeducationthisyear.Asstudents,weshouldputourheartintostudies.（21）send短語：sendaway讓走開 sendforsb派人去請某人，請某人來sendin寄送某處進(jìn)行處理 sendout派遣，發(fā)出（信號、通知等）sendup發(fā)射，射出，往上送 sendsbtosleep讓某人睡覺sendsignalsby…通過……發(fā)送信號 例如：Getbackintobed.I’llsendforthedoctor.Theshipisindanger;itissendingoutanSOSsignal.Therocketwillbesentuptomorrowmorning.（22）set短語：setabout(doing)sth著手，開始setaside留出，擱/放在一邊setdown放下，記下 setoff出發(fā)，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起setout(for…)出發(fā)往（……），動身去（……）setouttodo開始做，著手做 setup創(chuàng)立，設(shè)立，開辦，豎起，支起set/givea(good)exampleto…為……樹立（好）榜樣setagoal設(shè)定目標(biāo) setfiretosth=setsthonfire縱火，放火燒setfooton/in…踏上……，到達(dá)，進(jìn)入 setone’smindtodosth一心想做setsailfor起航去…… setsailfrom從……起航setsbagoodexamplein…在……為某人樹立榜樣setsbfree釋放某人，解放某人 例如：Assoonasshearrived,shesetabouttidyingup（整理）theroom.Trytosetasidesometimeeachdayforexercise.They’vesetoffonatriproundtheworld.Togetherthefourmensetouttolookforthelostanimal.Hesetouttowriteahistoryofcivilization（文明）.We’llcertainlysetupacompletemodernindustrialsystem.Afewscarecrows（稻草人）weresetupinthefield.Let’ssetupthetentfirst,andbuildthefirelater.Thepolicearetryingtofindoutwhosetfiretothebuildinglastnight.Hewassetfreeafterthreeyearsinprison.ComradeLeiFengsetagoodexampletousall.（23）stand短語：standbysb=supportsb=takesb’sside支持某人standfor代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/擁護(hù)，為……的候選人standout突出，顯眼 standup起立，站起來standstill=staystill站著不動例如：CPCstandsfortheCommunistPartyofChina.Standstill,andletmetakeapictureofyou.（24）take短語：takeafter與某人相像 takealong帶領(lǐng)，攜帶take…apart=separate…把……分開 takeaway拿走，拿去，使離開 takeawayfrom…從……帶／拿走 takeback退回，拿回，收回 takedown拿下，記下，記錄 takefor…當(dāng)作……，誤以為是…… takein吸收，接納，上當(dāng)takeoff（飛機(jī)）起飛，脫掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，開始流行/暢銷takeon呈現(xiàn) takeout拿出，取出takeover繼承，接管，接替takeup從事，開始，專注于，占去（時間、空間、地位等）takeabankloan向銀行貸款 takeabath洗澡 takeachance/chances碰運(yùn)氣，冒險 takeacriticalattitudetowards…對……持批判態(tài)度takeafewdeepbreaths深呼吸 take/haveadegreein…取得……學(xué)位takeahands-onapproachtoeducation通過動手實踐的方式來進(jìn)行接受教育takeamessage(to