黃金卷6-2023年高考英語模擬卷（新高考I卷）（解析版）

【贏在高考?黃金8卷】備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語模擬卷（新高考I卷）

黃金卷06

（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題

卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完

每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatisthewoman'sjob?

A.Atourguide.

B.Aphotographer.

C.Acoffeeshopowner.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文】W:Areyouinterestedintraveling?

M:Yes,butIhaven'tgotmuchwithrunningthecoffeeshop.Howaboutyou?

W:Tvevisitedmanyplaces.Iworkformagazinesandnewspapers,providingphotosforthem.

M:Thatsoundsreallywonderful.

2.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Bookahotel.

B.Takeaplane.

C.Makeabusinessplan.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.Fdliketocheckin.

W:Sure.May1seeyourpassportplease?Oh,youareflyingtoChiletoday.

M:Yeah,1haveneverflownbefore.Tvegotanimportantbusinesscontracttosigntomorrow.

3.Whatdoesthemanwanttoorderatfirst?

A.Amangojuice.

B.Achickenburger.

C.Acheeseburger.

【答案】C

【解析】

［原文］W:Whatwouldyoulike?Achickenburgeroraveggieburger?

M:Neither.Doyoustillhavecheeseburgers?

W:Sorry,we'vesoldout.

M:Thenamangojuice,please.

4.Whattimedoesthewomanusuallypickuptheboy?

A.Atabout5:30p.m.

B.Atabout6:00p.m.

C.Atabout6:30p.m.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Mom,couldyougetsomePost-itnotesforme?

W:Surething.Iwillpickyouupandthenwecanbuysometogetherthisafternoon.Iwillmeetyouattheschool

gateat6:00p.m.today.

M:Thenit'sabouthalfanhourlaterthanusual.

5.Howdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?

A.He'sannoying.

B.He'sembarrassing.

C.He'sdisappointing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Excuseme,couldyousitdownonthebenchforalittlewhile?Iwantsomepeace.Yousee,I'mreading

newspapers.Tmtryingtorelax.

M:Sorry,Tmtooexcitedaboutridingmynewscooter.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1?5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。

聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。

每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6.Whatdoesthewomanplantodofirst?

A.Bookanoffice.

B.Introducetheman.

C.Showthemanaround.

7.Howmanyhoursdoesthemanhavetoworkperday?

A.Five.B.Eight.C.Nine.

【答案】6.C7.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Welcometojoinus,Mr.Parker.Wouldyouliketotourtheofficefirst?AndthenI'llintroduceyouto

ourteam.

M:That'sverykindofyou,butcouldyoutellmewheretheprinteris?

W:It'sinthecomer.Thecofleemachineisattheendofthehall.

M:Okay.Doyoumindmeaskinghowlongyouhavebeenhere?

W:I'veworkedhereforthreeyears.Doyoulivefarfromhere?

M:Notveryfar,about4kilometers.Bytheway,couldyoutellmetheexactdetailsoftheworkingtime?

W:Youwillworkfrom8:00a.m.to5:00p.m.andhaveabreakfrom1:00p.m.to2:00p.m.

M:Thankyouverymuch.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8.Whatdoesthemantryhardtodo?

A.Loseweight.

B.Havemorefruit.

C.Quitsmoking.

9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Doyoga.

B.TryJapanesefood.

C.Havearegularcheck-up.

10.WhatisthewomanplanningtodoonSunday?

A.Makefishdishes.

B.Attendyogaclasses.

C.Dovoluntarywork.

【答案】8.C9.A10.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Sushiismyfavoritefood,becauseit'smadeoffishandIlovefish.

M:It'sthetraditionalJapanesefood.Thenwhatfruitdoyoulike?

W:Orangesandstrawberries.Iwanttokeepfitandreducetheriskofgettingfat.Hmm,Ithinkyoushouldquit

smoking.Howlonghaveyousmoked?

M:Sincegraduatingfromuniversity.Iusedtobeaheavysmoker.Fvebeentryinghardtobreakmybadhabit.

W:Ihavebeenpracticingyogalately.Whynotjoinme?Yogacanhelptoimproveourbloodcirculation,reduce

stressandcreatepositiveenergy.

M:Whenisitagoodtimeforustodoittogether?SaturdayorSunday?

W:Saturdaywillbegood.Ineedtohelpthosepeoplewhohaveregularcheck-upsonSunday.

M:Youvolunteertoworkatthecommunitycenter,don'tyou?

W:Yeah.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

11.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Neighbors.

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Policeofficerandcitizen.

12.Whathappenedtothewoman?

A.Herfingerwascut.

B.Herjewelrywasstolen.

C.Herhousecaughtfire.

13.Wheredoesthewomanlive?

A.OnElmStreet.

B.OnCliftonStreet.

C.OnWaterfordStreet.

【答案】11.C12.B13.C

【解析】

［原文】M:Goodevening,madam.HowmayIhelpyou?

W:Goodevening,sir.IwentouttotakepartinafiredrillwithmycolleaguesonCliftonStreet.AfterIcamehome

at7:00p.m.,athiefhadbrokenintomyhouse.

M:Didhetakeanything?

W:Yes,hedid.HetookapieceofjewelrythatisagiftmyhusbandJohngavetomelastmonth.Ifoundthethief

haddrunkaglassofmilkandeatensomecookies.

M:Good.Hemusthaveleftsomefingerprints.Andyournameandaddress?

W:IfsKathyBaker.Myaddressis766WaterfordStreet.Oh,oneofmyneighborsjustcalledmeandsaidshesaw

thethief-amanjumpingoutthewindow.ShesaidthethiefranawaytoElmStreet.

M:Whatdoeshelooklike?

W:Helookstallwithlonghair.

M:Okay.Wewillinformyouassoonaswehaveanyinformationabouthim.

W:Thanksalot.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

14.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?

A.Theyarecolleagues.

B.Theyarebusinesspartners.

C.Theyareformerclassmates.

15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Onatrain.

B.Onaplane.

C.Inanoffice.

16.WhatisthewomangoingtodoinParis?

A.Visitanexhibition.

B.Dealwithbusiness.

C.Conductaninterview.

17.Whatischallengingaboutthewoman'sjob?

A.Gettingupearly.

B.Meetingtonsofpeople.

C.Balancingworkandlife.

【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Jenny.Fancymeetingyouhere.

W:Hi,George.Haven'tseenyoufbrages!It'sbeenfiveyearssinceourgraduation.

M:Yes.ButifIhadn'tfollowedmywife'ssuggestion,IwouldhavetakenatrainandthusIwouldn'thaveachance

ofrunningintoyouhere.

W:I'maluckydog.Whodroveyoutotheairport?

M:MysisterJane.MywifeSusanwentonabusinesstripyesterday.WhatareyougoingtodoinFrance?

W:IheardtherewillbeapaintingexhibitioninParisthisweekend.IlikeMonet.HisWaterLiliesisparticularly

famous.

M:Ha-ha,JayChou'slatestsongGreatestWorksofArtalsomentionedthisartist.Howisyourworkgoing?

W:Quitebusy.Ifindanewjobasanewsreporter,andifsreallyhardformetobalancemyworkandlife.Igetup

veryearlyandspendonehourstudyingeveryday.ThefunpartisthatIcanmeetvariouspeopleandlearntonsof

theirstories.

M:Sinceourflighttakesthreehours,wecouldhavealongtalk.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

18.Wheremightthistalkbeheard?

A.Ontheradio.

B.OntheInternet.

C.Inaclassroom.

19.Whatisthemajorreasonwhyyoucan'tfullyunderstandwhatyouhear?

A.Failingtocatchupwiththespeaker.

B.NotknowingenoughEnglishwords.

C.Wastingtoomuchtimeonunfamiliarwords.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingastolistening?

A.Writingdownimportantmessages.

B.Ignoringunfamiliarwordswhilelistening.

C.Learningawordbywritingratherthanlistening.

【答案】18.C19.B20.B

【解析】

［原文］Somestudentshavewrittenemailstomeandaskedwhytheydidn'tmakemuchprogressinlistening.

HerearesomereasonsI'mgoingtotalkaboutintoday'sclass.

LackofEnglishvocabularyisprobablythenumberonereasonwhyyoucan'tfiillyunderstandwhatyouhear.

Ifthereareagreatnumberofunfamiliarwords,itmaybehardforyoutounderstandthegivenmessage.Another

caseisthefactthatyouknowthewords,yetcan'ttelltheirmeaningswhilelistening.Thatusuallyhappensbecause

youleamnewwordsbyyoureyes,notyourears.Youhavelearnedthewordsonlyintheirwrittenformsbuthave

missedthe“sound"forms.Besides,sometimesyouknowthewords,butithappensthatyoudon'thearthemvery

often,soyoufailtorecognizethewordsimmediately.

Englishlearnerstendtothinkthatinordertounderstandthewholelistening,theyhavetoknowthemeaning

ofeverysingleword.Thisisawrongideaalmosteverybodyhas.Ifyoutrytounderstandeverysinglewordwhile

listening,you'lltendtostopforawhiletothink.Therefore,skipthewordsyoudon'tknowortheywillaffectthe

wholelisteningprocess.Next,let'stalkaboutsomelisteningprogramson97.5FM.Itwillhelpyoupracticeyour

listening.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Notallbrilliantreadsarebehindthepaywall,someclassicsaremuchmoreaccessible-clickanddownload.

PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten

ItisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatPrideandPrejudiceisareally,reallygoodbook.Alittlebitrigid,a

littlebitrepressed,alittlebittender,andpainfullyclassconscious,it'sthefullEnglishromancepackage.Now

morethan200yearsold,thenovelhasbeenretoldtimeandagain,findingnewaudienceseachtime.Still,there's

nosubstitutefortheoriginal.

Alice'sAdventuresinWonderlandbyLewisCarroll

FromtheCheshireCattoTweedledumandTweedledee,Alice'sadventuresareasstrangeandwonderfultoday

astheywere150yearsago.CompletewithArthurRackham'swonderfulillustrationsthere'sstillnothingquitelike

it.Everyoneshouldgodowntherabbitholeatleastonce.

ATaleofTwoCitiesbyCharlesDickens

PerhapsnobookdoesabetterjobofcondensingCharlesDickens,brilliancethanhis1859novelATateofTwo

Cities.TakingplaceinLondonandParisagainstthebackgroundoftheFrenchRevolution,thestoryhasinspired

countlessprojectssince-evenChristopherNolan'sBatmanfilms.Andthebestthing?Ifyoulikeit,allDickens,

otherbooksarereadyandwaitingtobereadtoo.

Frankenstein;Or,TheModernPrometheusbyMaryShelley

AlthoughMaryShelley'scentralmessageofpeoplebeingdestroyedbythemonsterstheycreatehasbeen

largelyignoredintheyearssincepublication,thetaleitselfcontinuestobeverypopularindeed,andwithgood

reason.Thebook'smasterfulcombinationofhorror,romanticism,andsciencefictionmakesitasattractivetodayas

itwouldhavebeenin1818.Justthethingfbrnighttimereading.

21.WhatcanyoureadaboutinPrideandPrejudice?

A.Cuteanimals.B.FrenchRevolution.

C.Scientificdiscoveries.D.Classconsciousness

22.Whichbookbestsuitspeoplewholiketoreadatmidnight?

A.Frankenstein.

B.ATaleofTwoCities.

C.PrideandPrejudice.

D.Alice'sAdventuresinWonderland

23.Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?

A.Theyareromanticnovels.

B.Theycanbereadforfree.

C.Theywerecreatedintheearly1900s.

D.Theywereignoredwhenfirstpublished.

【21?23題答案】

【答案】21.D22.A23.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本可以免費下載和閱讀的經(jīng)典小說。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAusten中“Alittlebitrigid,alittlebitrepressed,alittlebit

lender,andpainfullyclassconscious（有點死板，有點壓抑，有點溫柔，還有痛苦的階級意識）”可知，在《傲

慢與偏見》這本書中，你可以了解到痛苦的階級意識。故選D。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Frankenstein;Or,TheModernPrometheusbyMaryShelley中“Justthethingfornighttime

reading/正好適合夜間閱讀。戶可知，《弗蘭肯斯坦》適合喜歡晚上閱讀的人。故選A。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Notallbrilliantreadsarebehindthepaywall,someclassicsaremuchmore

accessible-clickanddownload^并非所有優(yōu)秀的讀物都需要付費，一些經(jīng)典讀物更容易點擊和下載。）”

可知，這四本經(jīng)典小說都是可以免費下載閱讀的。故選B。

B

InApril2008,1cameacrossanessayaboywithautism（自閉癥）hadwrittenwhenhewas14.Iwasimpressed.

Ithoughttherewaspotentialfbradocumentary.Thedirectoragreed."Findtheboy!”hesaid.Acoupleofmonths

later,Ifoundhim,Anton.Soitbegan-afilmaboutAnton'stransformation.Atleast,that'swhatIthoughtatthe

time.

Duringfilming,Ihelpedputhimintodifferenthospitalsandcampsfortreatmentandwebecameclose.There

werelotsofunforgettablemoments.Irememberonevisitwhenwesattogether,talkingquietlyandeatingfoodI'd

made.Thenitwastimefbrmetogo.Withoutsayingaword,Antonstoodupandstartedtobanghisheadagainst

thewall.BAM.BAM.Bloodstreameddownhisface.Atthatmoment,lookingatthedespaironAnton'sface,I

recognizedmyself.WhatIrecognizedwasanemotionalabundanceinhimthatIhadmyself.LikeAnton,Iwas

overthetop.IfIlovedsomeone,Ilovedthemcompletely.IfIwasupset,Iletitshow.ButunlikeAnton,I'dlearned

toeditemotionsasiftheywereafilm.Butlately,Iwaswakingupinthemorningwithoneterrifyingthought:

“WhoamI?”Antonhelpedmetoanswerthis.Hewastheonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutany

holdingbackandwholovedmethesameway.

ThefilmAnton"sRightHerewasreleasedinOctober2012andshownatfilmfestivalsinRussiawhereit

receivedprizesatseveralmajorRussianfilmfestivals.

AfterthefilmwasshownbytheFirstTVChannel-Russia'smainTVchannel-lettersflowedin.Autistic

individualsandtheirfamiliesneededhelp.That'swhentheideaofafoundationbegantotakeshapeinmymind.

Thefoundation,calledAnton'sRightHere,officiallyopenedinDecember2013.It'sRussia'sfirst-evercentrefbr

adultswithautism.ItkeepshelpingpeoplewithautismlikeAnton.

Whenwestartedtofilm,Antonwas19.He'snow31.I'mstillverymuchapartofhislife.Withhisunedited

emotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit'sliketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn.

24.WhydidthewriterwanttofindAnton?

A.SheintendedtomakeafilmaboutAnton.B.ShesawAnton'spotentialtobeawriter.

C.ShewantedtotransformAnton'slife.D.Shewasaskedtodosobythedirector.

25.WhydidAntonhurthimselfduringavisit?

A.Hewaslostforwords.B.Hisconditionwasgettingworse.

C.Hetendedtolosehistemperfornoreason.D.Hedidnotwantthewritertoleave.

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthedocumentaryfromthepassage?

A.Ittook5yearstoshoot.B.Itarousedlittlesocialconcern.

C.AfoundationofthesamenamewasestablishedbyAnton.D.Shootingitmadeadifferencetothewriter's

life.

27.WhatlessondidthewriterlearnfromAnton?

A.Howtodealwithautism.B.Howtoeditheremotions.

C.Howtoloveandbeloved.D.Howtolivelifetothefullest.

【24~27題答案】

【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者拍攝了一部關(guān)于一名名叫安東的自閉癥患者的紀(jì)錄片，這個紀(jì)錄片帶來了

巨大的社會反響，并且作者從安東身上學(xué)到了如何愛與被愛。

【24題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句"Ithoughttherewaspotentialforadocumentary.“（我覺得有可能拍成紀(jì)錄

片。）可知，作者想找到安東是因為她想拍一部關(guān)于安東的電影。故選A。

【25題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句"Thenitwastimeformetogo."（然后我就該走了。）和最后一句"Hewas

theonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutanyholdingbackandwholovedmethesameway."（他是

我生命中唯一一個讓我毫無保留地去愛的人，也是唯一一個同樣愛我的人。）可知，安東在一次拜訪中

自殘是因為不想作者離開。故選D。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit's

liketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn."（用他那未經(jīng)編輯的情感，安東每天都在提醒

我什么是真正的、毫無保留的被愛，以及被愛的回報。）可知，拍攝這部紀(jì)錄片改變了這位作者的生活。

故選D。

【27題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit's

liketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn."（用他那未經(jīng)編輯的情感，安東每天都在提醒

我什么是真正的、毫無保留的被愛，以及被愛的回報。）可知，作者從安東身上學(xué)到了如何愛與被愛。

故選C。

C

EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby“thefloodofthecentury",saidSusanneScholz

inExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.TheimagesonTVnewslookedliketheywerecomingfroma

tropicalmonsoonzone（熱帶季風(fēng)區(qū)）,notourfirst-worldnation.Neverdidwethinkwewouldseeourowncitizens

"trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeingsweptawaybymassesofwater”.

DaysofsevereraingotriverstobursttheirbanksinthestatesofRhineland-PalatinateandNorth

Rhine-WestphaliaandinneighboringBelgiumandtheNetherlands.InthesmalltownofSinzig,theRiverAhr

reacheditshighestlevelatabout23feet,floodinganursinghomeanddrowning12disabledresidentswhocould

notflee.

Authoritieshavesofarconfirmedsome200deathsacrossGermany,buthundredsmorepeopleremainmissing.

Whileauthoritiessayit'stooearlytoputapricetagonthedamage,theimagesoffloodedhomesandelectrical

stations,damagedbridges,andcarscrumpled（變皺）byfallentreestellataleofvastmaterialloss.t4TheGerman

languagehardlyknowsanywordsforthedamagethathasbeenbroughtabout,"saidChancellorAngelaMerkel.

Shepraisedthethousandsofvolunteerswhocametopumpoutwater,loadsandbags,andsearchforsurvivors.

"Disastercontrolclearlyfailed,saidPeterTiedeinBild.Stateandlocalauthoritiesresponsiblefbrevacuation

（疏散）warningsreliedonsmartphoneappsthatmanyGennansdon'thave—andservicewasoutanywaybecause

thestormshaddownedthecelltowers.Onlyold-fashionedalarmsworkinsuchemergencies,yetourfew

loudspeakervansneverleftthestations.Publicradio,meanwhile,“wasplayingpopmusicwhilehundredsof

peoplewerebeingwashedaway,housescollapsing,villagestorndowntotheground.It'ssimplyunforgivable.

“HowbadwillitgetwhensuchafloodhitsamajorcitylikeCologneorHamburginsteadofvillagesandsmall

towns?"

28.Howdidthewholecountryreacttotheflood?

A.Theywereindifferent.B.Theywerequitesurprised.

C.Theywereinhighspirits.D.Theywerewell-prepared.

29.Whatwasthedirectcauseofthedisaster?

A.Daysofheavyrain.B.Failureindisastercontrol.

C.Old-fashionedalarms.D.DelayedEvacuationwarnings.

30.WhatdoesAngelaMerkelintendtosay?

A.TheGermanlanguageislimited.B.Volunteersareneededbadly.

C.Thedamageisbeyonddescription.D.Newvocabularyshouldbeadded.

31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AuthoritiesShouldBetoBlameB.MajorCitiesAreReadyforEmergency

CHarmfulFloodsRaiseConcernsinGermanyD.DeathsAreConfirmedinTerribleFloods

【28?31題答案】

【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了德國嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害所引發(fā)的關(guān)注。

【28題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby'thefloodofthe

century\saidSusanneScholzinExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.（SusanneScholz在《快報》上表

示，上周，德國西部的整個城鎮(zhèn)都被‘世紀(jì)洪水’摧毀，整個國家都處于震驚之中。戶以及“Neverdidwe

thinkwewouldseeourowncitizens'trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeingsweptaway

bymassesofwater，.（我們從未想過我們會看到自己的公民，被困在瀕臨崩潰的房子里，面臨被洪水卷走

的危險）”可知，整個國家對洪水感到震驚，感到意外。故選B項。

【29題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Daysofsevereraingotriverstobursttheirbanksinthestatesof

Rhineland-PalatinateandNorthRhine-Westphalia,andinneighboringBelgiumandtheNetherlands.（連續(xù)兒

天的暴雨導(dǎo)致萊茵蘭一普法爾茨州和北萊茵一威斯特伐利亞州以及鄰國比利時和荷蘭的河流決堤。r

可知，這場災(zāi)難的直接原因是連續(xù)兒天的大雨。故選A項。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whileauthoritiessayit'stooearlytoputapricetagonthedamage,theimages

offloodedhomesandelectricalstations,damagedbridges,andcarscrumpled（變皺）byfallentreestellatale

ofvastmaterialloss."TheGermanlanguagehardlyknowsanywordsforthedamagethathasbeenbrought

about；5saidChancellorAngelaMerkel.（雖然當(dāng)局說，現(xiàn)在對損失進行估價還為時過早，但洪水淹沒的

房屋和發(fā)電站、受損的橋梁以及被倒下的樹木碾壓的汽車，都說明了巨大的物質(zhì)損失。德國總理Angela

Merkel表示：‘德語幾乎不知道有什么詞語來形容這一事件所造成的損害。了可知，這次洪災(zāi)損害非常

嚴(yán)重，AngelaMerkel的意思是說“損害是無法描述的"。故選C項。

（31題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“EntiretownsinwesternGermanyweredestroyedlastweekby'the

floodofthecentury\saidSusanneScholzinExpress,andthewholecountryisinshock.TheimagesonTV

newslookedliketheywerecomingfromatropicalmonsoonzone（熱帶季風(fēng)區(qū)），notourfirst-worldnation.

Neverdidwethinkwewouldseeourowncitizens'trappedinhousesontheedgeofcrash,indangerofbeing

sweptawaybymassesofwater'.（SusanneScholz在《快報》上表示，上周，德國西部的整個城鎮(zhèn)都被‘世

紀(jì)洪水'摧毀，整個國家都處于震驚之中。電視新聞上的畫面看起來像是來自熱帶季風(fēng)地帶，而不是我

們的第一世界國家。我們從未想過我們會看到自己的公民'被困在瀕臨崩潰的房子里，面臨被洪水卷走

的危險廠可知，本文主要報道了德國嚴(yán)重的洪澇災(zāi)害所引發(fā)的關(guān)注，選項C“德國洪澇災(zāi)害引發(fā)關(guān)注”

符合主題，適合做標(biāo)題。故選C項。

D

In2008,MichaelGoodfellow,ascientistatNewcastleUniversity,washandedasoilsampletakenfrom

Chile'sAtacamaDesert——theworld'sdriestdesert,onceconsideredadeadzone."Quitefrankly,wedidn'texpectto

isolate（使分離）anything,Goodfellowadmits.Buttohissurprise,hewasabletogrowadiversityofbacteriafrom

thesample.

A2018reviewcountedatotalof46newmolecules（分子）thathavebeenisolatedfromtheAtacamabacteria

sofar,manyofwhichshowantibiotic（抗菌的），antiviraloranticancerproperties（特征）.Itwasthetypeofbacteria

livingintheAtacamathatprovedparticularlyexciting:actinobacteria（放線菌）.

Takestreptomycesgriseusforexample,aspeciesofactinobacteriayoumightfindinsoil.Asampleof

streptomyces,whenplacedamongmycobacteriumtuberculosis（結(jié)核桿菌）,willreleaseachemicalwhichstopsits

bacterialneighborsfromgrowingtheproteinstheyneedtosurvive.WhenscientistsatRutgersUniversitymanaged

toisolatethischemicalin1944,theyaccidentallyfoundthefirstantibiotictreatmentfortuberculosis,saving

countlesslives.

Today,thereisgeneralagreementontheneedforthedevelopmentofnewantibioticsbecauseourmosttrusted

drugsbegantofail——bacteriahavelearnthowtosurviveourantibioticattacks.Sometimes,apotentiallyuseful

chemicalcanbefoundrightinenvironmentsaroundus.Butmanyscientistsarguethatweshouldalsobeexploring

thenaturalworldfornovelbiochemistry,anapproachknownas“bioprospecting”.

“70%to75%ofallantibioticscomefromnature,notesMarcelJaspars,anaturalproductchemistatthe

UniversityofAberdeen."Itstrikesmethatweshouldbelookingmoredeeplyintohownaturemakesthese

moleculesandhowwecanactuallyfindantibiotics.^^

32.WhatdidGoodfellowthinkofthesampleatfirst?

A.Itwaslifeless.B.Itwasman-made.C.Itwasofgreatvalue.D.Itwasofdoubtfulorigin.

33.Whydoestheauthormentionscientists,achievementin1944?

A.Tocomparetwospeciesofactinobacteria.B.Toexplainthemajorcauseoftuberculosis.

C.Toexplainthepurposeofantibiotictreatments.D.ToshowthepotentialoftheAtacamaactinobacteria.

34.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJaspars'attitudeto“bioprospecting”?

ADoubtful.B.Supportive.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.

35.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Antibioticsareboundtofail.B.Effectivetreatmentscomefromnature.

C.FunfactsarelistedabouttheAtacamaDesert.D.Thedesertsoilcouldsavelives.

(32-35題答案】

【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了在2008年,一位科學(xué)家從世界上最干旱的沙漠——智利的阿塔卡馬沙漠

帶回的樣本中培養(yǎng)出對人類有益的細(xì)菌——放線菌。

【32題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Quitefrankly,wedidn'texpecttoisolate（使分離）anything（非常坦率地說，我

們沒有期待從中分離出什么東西來）''及"Buttohissurprise,hewasabletogrowadiversityofbacteriafrom

thesample.（但令他驚訝的是，他能夠從樣本中培養(yǎng)出多種細(xì)菌）”可知，他起初認(rèn)為樣本中不存在任

何形式的生命，故選A項。

【33題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenscientistsatRutgersUniversitymanagedtoisolatethischemicalin1944,

theyaccidentallyfoundthefirstantibiotictreatmentfortuberculosis（aseriousinfectiousdisease）,saving

countlesslives.（在1944年，科學(xué)家從分離出的化學(xué)物質(zhì)中，意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)了用于治療結(jié)核病的抗菌，

這種抗菌拯救了無數(shù)的生命。）“，從這個事例中，可以推斷如今的發(fā)現(xiàn)的這種放線菌拯救了無數(shù)的生

命，有治療某種疾病的潛能，故選D項。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“70%to75%ofallantibioticscomefromnature（所有抗生素的70%到75%

來自大自然）"和"Itstrikesmethatweshouldbelookingmoredeeplyintohownaturemakesthesemolecules

andhowwecanactuallyfindantibiotics.（我覺得我們應(yīng)該更深入地研究大自然是如何制造這些分子的，

以及我們?nèi)绾尾拍苷业娇股?。）“可知，Jaspars認(rèn)為可以利用bioprospecting來找到抗生素，所以是支

持態(tài)度，故選B。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，科學(xué)家從沙漠帶回的樣本中，分離出多種細(xì)菌，其中包含了對人類有益

的放線菌，這種細(xì)菌有可能用于治療人類的某種疾病，故選D項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

FromtheancientChinesestories,tothestoriesinthemedievalcathedrals（中世紀(jì)的教堂）inthewest,itis

perfectlyclearthatthereisstrongpleasureandmeaningtogainfromstoriestoldthroughimagesorpictures.People

areluckyenoughtohavehadbookswithbothpicturesandwordswhentheywerechildren.36

Aftertheworldwars,thecheapbookswithoutpictureswereeverywhereanditmadereadingbooksillustrated

withpicturesforadultsaveryluxuriousthing.Somehow,pictureshadalsocometoseemchildishor

strange.37Justastheever-increasingpopularityofthegraphicnovel（連環(huán)畫力、說）suggests,worksboth

wordsandpicturesareregardedasclassics.

38Infacttheformerdevelopsfromthelatter.EarlywritingsystemssuchasthoseinEgyptand

China:thingsintheworldwereexpressedinwrittenformbydrawi