新課標(biāo)高中英語選修6第三單元測評試卷

階段測評(三)時間120分鐘，總分值150分第一局部聽力(共兩節(jié)，總分值30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatisthewoman'stelephonenumber?A．7842144. B．8714244.C．7824144.2．Whatprobablyistheman'sjob?A．Busdriver.B．Departmentstoresalesperson.C．Postofficeclerk.3．Whatwillmostprobablyhappen?A．Itwillrain.B．Itwillbefine.C．Thesunwillcomeout.4．Whowasinjured?A．Jerry'swife.B．Jerry'sfather－in－law.C．Jerry'sfather.5．Whenwillthemoviestart?A．At6∶30.B．At5∶30.C．At6∶00.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6至8題。6．Whichsizedoesthewomanwant?A．Size4. B．Size6.C．Size10.7．Howmanycolorsdoestheskijacketcomein?A．4. B．5.C．6.8．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthejacket?A．It'stooexpensive.B．It'stoobig.C．Shedoesn'tlikethecolors.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第9至11題。9．Whydoesn'tthemanlikewatchingplays?A．Becausetheyareexpensive.B．Becausetheyarenotwellwritten.C．Becausethetheatreistoofaraway.10．Whatdoesthemanlike?A．Noisymusic. B．Lovestories.C．Reading.11．Whatwillthetwospeakersdointheafternoon?A．Gotothelibrary.B．Gotoaconcert.C．Gotothecinema.聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第12至14題。12．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Teacherandstudent.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Husbandandwife.13．What'sthewomandoing?A．Sheispacking.B．Sheisquarrellingwithhermother－in－law.C．Sheispreparingsupper.14．Whereisshegoing?A．Toahotel. B．Toherparents'.C．Toherfriend's.聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第15至16題。15．Whathasmadeworkingathomepossible?A．Communicationindustry.B．Personalcomputers.C．Livingfarfromcompanies.16．Whydosomepeoplepreferworkingathome?A．Tosavetime.B．Togetmorejobs.C．Tomakemoremoney.聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17．What'stheweatherlikewhenthestoryhappens?A．Cloudy. B．Rainy.C．Cold.18．What'sintheyoungman'shands?A．Thereisaheavybasket.B．Therearetwobags.C．Therearesomeboxes.19．Whatdoesthedriverfeelwhenhehearsthepassengerisgoingtothehotel?A．Sad. B．Happy.C．Lucky.20．Howmuchwilltheyoungmangivethedriver?A．3dollars. B．13dollars.C．15dollars.[答案]1.C2.C3.A4.B5.A6.C7.B8.A9.B10.C11.A12.C13.A14.B15.A16.A17.C18.B19.A20.B[聽力材料](Text1)W：7824144.JaneWilliamsspeaking.M：Oh,it'syou,Jane.SorryIhadtorushoffthismorning.Howaretheboys?(Text2)W：HowlongwillittakethispackagetoLondon?M：Howdoyouwanttosendit?(Text3)M：Whatistheweatherlike?W：Therearesomedarkcloudsinthesky.(Text4)W：IwashopingthatwecouldseeJerryheretoday.M：Hewasplanningtocome,butthenhiswife'sfatherfelldownsomestairsandtheyhadtotakehimtoadoctor.(Text5)M：Wouldyouliketoseeamoviewithme?W：Sure.Thatsoundslikeagreatidea.Whenwillthemoviestart?M：It's5∶30now.Itwillbegininonehour.(Text6)W：Excuseme.Couldyouhelpme?M：Certainly.WhatcanIdoforyou?W：We'relookingforagirl'sskijacket.Ilikethisstyle.Doyouhaveitinsize10?M：Letmesee...size4,6,8...hereweare.Size10.W：Oh,Idon'treallylikeyellow.Whatothercolorsdoesitcomein?M：Itcomesinred,pink,lightblueandblack.W：Thepinkisnice.Howmuchisit?M：It's$160.W：Oh,well,that'stooexpensive.We'llhavetothinkaboutit.(Text7)W：I'mfreethisafternoon.Shallwegotothecinema?M：OK.ButIhatelovestories.Anyfilmsaboutwartoday?W：I'mafraidnot.Howaboutthetheatre?M：Well,mostplaysarebadlywritten,butatleasttheyarenotexpensive.W：Thenlet'sgotoaconcert.Youlikemusic,don'tyou?M：Yeah,softmusic.Butnowyoucanonlyhearnoisymusic,Englishsongsorsongsthatyoucan'tunderstandasingleword.W：Whatareyougoingtodothen?M：Whynotgotothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks?YoulikereadingasmuchasIdo,don'tyou?W：OK,let'sdothat.(Text8)M：Whatareyoudoing?W：I'mpacking.M：Whereareyougoing?W：Tomyparents'...andI'mnotcomingback.M：No,darling.What'swrong?W：Idon'twanttosayanything.M：Oh,mygoodness!Youhateme,don'tyou?W：I'mnotsosure,butIdoknowI'vehadenoughofyourmother.M：Pleasedon'tgo,darling.Iloveyousomuch.W：Notasmuchasyouloveyourmother.M：Butyoumeanalottome...andIcan'tlivewithoutyou.W：Really?YoumeanI'vemisunderstoodyou?M：Ofcourse.Youknow,thereisnothingmoreimportanttomethanyou.W：Oh,darling...(Text9)M：MissDermott,letmestartbyaskingyouthisquestion:Doyouthink,withinafewyears,peoplecouldworkathomeinsteadofworkinginoffices?W：Oh,yes.It'salreadyhappening.Thecommunicationindustryhasmadealotofprogressinthelasttenyears.M：Andhowdothesepeoplework?Imean,whatequipmentdotheyneedtohaveathome?W：Well,theyneedamonitor,acomputer,aprinter,andatelephonetoconnectwithothercomputers.M：Oh,Isee.Sowhataresomeadvantagesofworkingathome?W：Workingathome,peopledon'thavetospendalotoftimegettingtoandfromtheirworkplaces.Therushhours,aseveryoneknows,aretheworsttimesofdaytotravel.Millionsofpeoplehavetogetupearlytoavoidtherushhours.M：Ah,Isee.Whatdoyouthinkthefurturewillbelikeforhome－workers?W：Oh,letmetellyouwhatmighthappen.InthefutrueaBritishfirminLondon,forexample,mightemployclerksinBelfast,oraPariscompanycouldhavetheirsecretariesinSpain.Mostbusinesscouldbedonebytelephone.(Text10)It'sadarkandcoldnight.Thecardriverhasn'thadasinglepassengerallday.Whenhegoesbytherailwaystation,heseesayoungmancomingoutwithtwobagsinhishands.“Aha，”thinksthecardriver.“Hereisachancetomakeupfortherestofthisbadday.”Hequicklyopensthedoor,andasks,“Wheredoyouwanttogo,sir？”“Tothehotel，”theyoungmananswers.Whenthecardriverhearsthat,hefeelssad.Theyoungmanwillgivehimonlythreedollarsbecausethehotelisjusttwoblocksawayfromtherailwaystation.Suddenlyhehasanidea.Hetakesthepassengerbyalongerroute.Afteralongtime,thecarfinallyarrivesatthehotel.“Youshouldpayme15dollars，”thecardriversaystotheyoungman.“What?15dollars?Don'tyoutakemeasafool?OnlylastweekItookacarfromtherailwaystationtothishotelandIgavehim13dollars.Iknowhowmuchthetripcosts,Iwon'tpayyouonedollarmorethanIpaidtheothercardriverlastweek.”第二局部英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，總分值45分)第一節(jié)單項填空(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項。21．—Thankyouforsavingmeoutofthetrouble,uncle.—________，littleboy.It’sourduty.Everyonewillcerainlydoso.A．I’msosurprised B．No,nevermindC．Mypleasure D．Withpleasure[解析]句意：謝謝你幫我擺脫了困境，叔叔。別客氣，孩子，這是我們的職責(zé)，每個人都會這么做的。mypleasure不客氣，符合語境。A項我感到太驚奇了；B項不，沒關(guān)系；D項我的榮幸，均不符合題意。[答案]C22．(2011年天津)—Justamoment.Ihaven'tfinishedpackingmysuitcase.—__________.It'shightimeweleftfortheairport.A．Goahead B．TakeiteasyC．Hurryup D．That'sfine[解析]由空后的“快到我們?nèi)ワw機場的時間了?！笨芍颂帒?yīng)該催促對方抓緊時間。Goahead.干吧，繼續(xù)，開始；Takeiteasy.放松點，別緊張；Hurryup.快點，趕快；That'sfine.沒事，沒關(guān)系。句意：——稍等一會兒。我還沒有裝好旅行箱?！禳c?？斓轿覀?nèi)ワw機場的時間了。應(yīng)選C項。[答案]C23．(2011～2012陜西師大附中高二期末)__________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.A．Whatisrequired B．WhatrequiredC．Itisrequired D．Itrequired[解析]由文中的that看出是應(yīng)用句型，Itisrequiredthat...it做形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。[答案]C24．(2011～2012天水一中高二期末)Itwasinthelab__________wastakenchargeofbyJohnson__________theydidtheexperiment.A．where；which B．which；thatC．which；which D．that；which[解析]前空為定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在句中做主語可用that/which，第二空為強調(diào)句型引導(dǎo)詞that。[答案]B25．Thegirlwascaughtstealingagoldring__________flourish(虛榮)．A．underthestressof B．toputstressonC．tostress D．fromthestressof[解析]句意：由于虛榮心作怪，那個女孩在偷一個戒指時，被逮住了。underthestressof在……的壓力下。[答案]A26．Somestudentsare__________cigarettesthattheyevenstillstolethemoneyfromtheirclassmatestobuycigarettes.A．muchaddictedto B．tooaddictedtoC．suchaddictedto D．soaddictedto[解析]句意：有些同學(xué)是如此得迷戀香煙，以至于他們偷同學(xué)們的錢去買香煙。addictedto迷于；so...that...如此……以至于。[答案]D27．—Wouldyoufeellike__________acigarette?—Yes.Iwouldlike__________.Butmydoctoraskedmenottodoso.A．having；/ B．having；toC．have；/ D．tohave；/[解析]feellike后接動名詞，表示“喜歡做……”；wouldlike后接不定式，不能省去to。[答案]B28．Theyoungmansoongot__________tothecustomhereandmademanyfriendswiththelocalpeople.A．a(chǎn)shamed B．a(chǎn)ppropriateC．a(chǎn)bstract D．a(chǎn)ccustomed[解析]句意：那位年輕人很快習(xí)慣了這里的風(fēng)俗，并且和當(dāng)?shù)氐娜藗兂闪撕门笥选shamed慚愧的；appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)?；abstract抽象的；accustomed習(xí)慣的。[答案]D29．Iwasmuch__________whenIcouldn'taffordit__________Ilikedthiscarmuch.A．disappointed；although B．disappointing；thoughC．disappointing；but D．disappointed；as[解析]句意：盡管我很喜歡這部車，但是我買不起，我感到很失望。although，though和as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，disappointed修飾人。[答案]A30．Isaidhellotohim__________hepassedbymyhouse.A．nowthat B．incaseC．everytime D．if[解析]句意：每一次他從我家路過，我都和他打招呼。nowthat既然；incase萬一；everytime每一次；if如果。everytime充當(dāng)連詞。[答案]C31．Hewaslate__________theveryheavytraffic.A．ratherthan B．duetoC．a(chǎn)saresult D．because[解析]dueto后接名詞；because后接句子。[答案]B32．—__________yougotintouchwithMr.Smith?—Throughafriendofmine.A．Itwashowthat B．HowwasitC．Howwasitthat D．Wasithowthat[解析]在特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句中，疑問詞放在句首。[答案]C33．Itisuncommonthatsheisaperson__________fourhours'sleepanight.A．a(chǎn)ccustomedtohaving B．wasaccustomedtohavingC．a(chǎn)ccustomtohave D．a(chǎn)ccustomedhaving[解析]accustomedto后面要接v-ing形式，to為介詞。accustomedtohaving...作person的后置定語。[答案]A34．Theyoungman__________oflosinghislifetosavethedrowningchild.A．a(chǎn)ttherisk B．rantheriskC．risked D．madetherisk[解析]runtheriskofdoingsth.，attheriskofdoingsth.都有“冒危險做某事”之意，句中缺謂語，故B項正確。[答案]B35．Wemust__________atopicbeforewestarttowrite.A．decide B．decideagainstC．decideto D．decideon[解析]decideagainstdoingsth.決定不做某事；decideon對……作出決定，選定。[答案]D第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項。Likemostpeople，Iwasbroughtuptolookuponlifeasaprocessofgetting.ItwasnotuntilinmylatethirtiesthatImadethisimportant__36__：giving-awaymakeslifesomuchmoreexciting.Youneednotworryifyou__37__money.ThisishowI__38__withgiving-away.Ifanideaforimprovingthewindowdisplayofaneighborhoodstore__39__tome，Istepinandmakethesuggestiontothe__40__.Ifanaccidenttakesplace，the__41__ofwhichIthinkthelocalpolicecoulduse，I__42__himupandtellhimaboutit，thoughIamnotin__43__here.OnediscoveryImadeaboutthisworldistogive__44__gettingsomethingback，thoughthe__45__oftencomesinanunexpectedform.OneSundaymorningthelocalpostofficedeliveredanimportant__46__lettertomyhome，thoughitwas__47__tomeatmyoffice.Iwrotethepostmasteraletterof__48__.MorethanayearlaterIneededapost-officeboxforanewbusinessIwas__49__.Iwastoldatthewindowthattherewere__50__boxesleft，andthatmynamewouldhavetogoonalong__51__list.AsIwasaboutto__52__，thepostmasterappearedinthe__53__.“Wasn'tityouthatwrotemethatletterayearagoaboutdeliveringaspeciallettertoyourhome？”Isaiditwas.“Well，youcertainlyaregoingtohaveaboxinthispostoffice__54__Imakeoneforyou.Youdon'tknowwhataletterlikethatmeanstome.Iusuallyget__55__butcomplaints(抱怨)．”36．A.decision B．researchC．speech D．discovery[解析]句意：像很多人一樣，我生來就認(rèn)為生活就是獲得，直到三十多歲的時候才“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，放棄或給予也會使得生活如此精彩。再者，后文也提到了這種發(fā)現(xiàn)。[答案]D37．A.earn B．lackC．spend D．steal[解析]你缺錢也無需擔(dān)憂，因為生活并不只是一味地索取。lack“缺乏”。[答案]B38．A.experimented B．connectedC．combined D．a(chǎn)greed[解析]下文列舉的事例都是作者生活中“經(jīng)歷”的事情。experiment此處為動詞，意為“嘗試”。[答案]A39．A.happens B．flashesC．sticks D．leads[解析]本句主語為anidea。主意在某人腦海中閃現(xiàn)是“flash”。happentosb.發(fā)生在某人身上；stickto堅持；leadto導(dǎo)致，其賓語一般不為人。[答案]B40．A.postmaster B．headmasterC．storekeeper D．policeman[解析]根據(jù)前文提到的neighborhoodstore可知答案。[答案]C41．A.storyB．damageC．challengeD．material[解析]story故事，事情。出現(xiàn)事故，警察應(yīng)了解事情的經(jīng)過和真相。damage破壞；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；material物質(zhì)，材料。[答案]A42．A.callB．holdC．breakD．pick[解析]根據(jù)后文tellhimaboutit可知作者是打告訴警察事情的經(jīng)過。[答案]A43．A.needB．troubleC．commonD．charge[解析]作者雖然不負(fù)責(zé)這里的事情，但他卻主動幫助警察了解事故經(jīng)過。incharge負(fù)責(zé)。[答案]D44．A.withinB．withoutC．forD．before[解析]上文列舉的事例都說明作者想主動幫助別人而不希望得到什么。[答案]B45．A.processB．goalC．returnD．concern[解析]return“回報”。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞though和下文所列舉的事例說明，幫助別人經(jīng)常會在出人意料時得到回報。[答案]C46．A.curiousB．immediateC．specialD．heavy[解析]根據(jù)下文的postmaster說的話中可知答案。special特別的；curious好奇的；immediate即刻的。[答案]C47．A.realizedB．a(chǎn)ddressedC．forgottenD．brought[解析]address此處為動詞，意為“注明……的地址”。信上標(biāo)明收信人的地址是我辦公室的地址，但郵遞員卻把它送到了我的家里。[答案]B48．A.invitation B．a(chǎn)pologyC．instruction D．a(chǎn)ppreciation[解析]appreciation欣賞，贊賞。郵遞員把本來該送到辦公室的信送到家里，人們通常只會責(zé)備他們，而作者卻與此相反，非但沒有責(zé)備，而是寫了一封表揚信。他也因此得到了回報。[答案]D49．A.dealingB．providingC．operatingD．starting[解析]本句為定語從句，橫線上所缺動詞的賓語為newbusiness。deal為不及物動詞，故排除。作者開辦了一項新的業(yè)務(wù)。[答案]D50．A.enoughB．someC．noD．more[解析]結(jié)合上下文可知，郵局里已沒有剩余的郵箱，但作者原來無意的付出卻使得郵遞員愿意為他做一個。[答案]C51．A.admitting B．relatingC．examining D．waiting[解析]郵局里沒有剩余的郵箱，要想安裝郵箱，只能等。[答案]D52．A.leaveB．shoutC．guessD．conduct[解析]作者被告知已沒有郵箱，只好離開。[答案]A53．A.windowB．doorwayC．libraryD．yard[解析]根據(jù)故事發(fā)生的地點，可排除C，D。另外，根據(jù)介詞in排除A項。作者正要離開，郵遞員在門口攔住了他。[答案]B54．A.incaseB．nowthatC．evenifD．a(chǎn)sif[解析]本句句意為：在這個郵局里，你應(yīng)該得到一個郵箱，即便是我們給你做一個。incase以防；nowthat既然，因為；asif好似，均與句意不符。[答案]C55．A.anything B．everythingC．nothing D．something[解析]句意：郵遞員從顧客那里一般不會得到任何東西，只有抱怨。nothingbut“只不過，僅僅”。[答案]C第三局部閱讀理解(共20小題；每題2分，總分值40分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最正確選項。AManyfactssuggestthatchildrenareoverweightandthesituationisgettingworse，accordingtothedoctors.Ifeelthereareanumberofreasonsforthis.Somepeopleblamethefactthatwearesurroundedbyshopssellingunhealthy，fattyfoods，suchasfriedchickenandicecream，atalowprice.Thishasturnedoutawholegenerationofgrown-upswhoseldomcookamealforthemselves.Iftherewerefeweroftheserestaurants，thenprobablychildrenwouldbuylesstake-awayfood.Thereisanotherargumentthatblamesparentsforallowingtheirchildrentobecomeoverweight.Iagreewiththis，becausegoodeatinghabitsbeginearlyinlife，longbeforechildrenstarttovisitfastfoodshops.Ifchildrenaregivenfriedchickenandchocolateratherthanhealthyfood，orarealwaysallowedtochoosewhattheyeat，theywillgoforsweetandsaltyfoodseverytime，andthiswillcarryonthroughouttheirlives.Thereisathirdreasonforthissituation.Childrenthesedaystakeverylittleexercise.Theydonotwalktoschool.Whentheygethome，theysitinfrontofthetelevisionortheircomputersandplaycomputergames.Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime(消遣)，italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfood.Whattheyneedistogooutsideandplayactivegamesorsports.Theabovearethemainreasonsforthisproblem，andthereforewehavetoencourageyoungpeopletobemoreactive，aswellassteeringthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.56．Accordingtothetext，whatkindofchildrenmayeatmoreunhealthyfood?A．Thosewhooftentakeexercise.B．Thosewhooftenwatchtelevision.C．Thosewhooftenhavemealsathome.D．Thosewhooftenwalktoschool.[解析]細節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段的Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime，italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfood.可知不健康的看電視的消遣方式會讓孩子們吃更多不健康的食物，應(yīng)選B。[答案]B57．Theauthorthinksthatchildrenarebecomingoverweightbecause__________.A．theirparentsoftencookmealsforthemB．theyaretoobusytogooutandplayC．theycan'tchoosewhattoeatD．therearetoomanyfastfoodshopsaround[解析]細節(jié)理解題。文章第二段的內(nèi)容說明我們周圍存在的很多賣不健康食品的商店也是造成孩子肥胖的原因之一，應(yīng)選D。[答案]D58．Theunderlinedword“steering”inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans__________.A．forcing B．guidingC．driving D．moving[解析]詞義猜想題。結(jié)合上文陳述的造成肥胖的原因，我們應(yīng)告訴孩子們遠離快餐店和改正不良的飲食習(xí)慣，應(yīng)選guide“指導(dǎo)”，符合句意。[答案]B59．Themainpurposeofthetextisto__________.A．tellastory B．providefactsC．giveadvice D．compareopinions[解析]主旨大意題。本文陳述造成肥胖的原因意在告訴青少年要遠離不良的飲食和生活習(xí)慣防止發(fā)胖，應(yīng)選C。[答案]CBNon-smokerswhoarebeingexposedto(面臨)cigarettesmoke，notonlyexperienceitsharmphysically，butaretwicemorelikelytosufferfrommajordepression，comparedtopeoplewhoarenotexposedtoblackclouds，alargefederalstudyreports.ThestudyfromtheUniversityofMiamiappearstobethefirstUSresearchtolinksecondhandsmoketomoodanddepression.Thenewstudyconfirmedexposuretosmokebylookingatcotininelevelsinthebloodof3000adultswhodidnotsmokethemselves.Anadditionalmorethan90000non-smokersonlyhadtoreportiftheylivedwithorworkedaroundpeoplewhosmoked.Everyparticipantwasalsoaskedtofilloutquestionnairesanddescribetheirsymptomsofdepression.Theresultsofthebloodtestshowedthatindividualsinbothgroupswhohavebeenexposedtocigarettesmokeonadailybasis，werefarmorelikelytodevelopsymptomsofseveredepression.Itwasfoundthatevenpeoplewhohavebeenworkinginpublicplaces，wheresmokingwasnotbanned，weretwicemorelikelytosufferfromthecondition.AccordingtoFrankBandiera，apublichealthresearcherattheUniversityofMiamiSchoolofMedicine，andaleadauthorofthestudy，thereisnodoubtthatsmokersareexposedtoanincreasedriskofdepressionincomparisonwithnon-smokers，butthequestionremainswhetherthesmokingcomesfirstorthedepression.Ingeneral，inhaling(吸入)cigarettesmoke，whetheractivelyorpassively，doesnotappearlikeagoodideawhenpeopleareconcernedabouttheirhealth.Thebestindividualscoulddointhiscaseistocontroltheirpersonalenvironmentbylimitingtheexposuretosecondhandsmoke.Therearealwaysgoodchancestolivealongerandbetterlife，andreducetheriskofdevelopingstress，anxietyordepression.60．Whichofthefollowingbestgivesthemainideaofthepassage?A．Secondhandsmokingcausesmajordepression.B．Smokingcanalsoharmthosewhodonotsmoke.C．Secondhandsmokingcancausegreatharmtoo.D．Depressioncandogreatharmtopeople'shealth.[解析]主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，文章不是著眼于吸二手煙的一般性危害，而是強調(diào)吸二手煙容易使人得抑郁癥。[答案]A61．Untilnowwedon'tmakesure__________.A．whoarelikelytosufferfrommajordepressionB．secondhandsmokeisconnectedwithmoodanddepressionC．whetherthesmokingcomesfirstorthedepressionD．inhalingcigarettesmokeactivelydoesnoharmtohealth[解析]細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段最后一句話可知，到底是吸煙在前還是患抑郁癥在前目前尚不清楚。[答案]C62．Inthelastparagraphtheauthorintendsto__________.A．a(chǎn)nalysetheharmofsmokingB．giveasuggestionC．givethefinalconclusionD．scoldthesmokers[解析]推理判斷題。綜合最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者強調(diào)無論是吸煙還是吸二手煙，都對我們及他人的健康不利，因此建議每個人應(yīng)盡量使自己過一種健康長久的生活。[答案]B63．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat__________.A．itiscertainthatsmokingcomesbeforedepressionB．non-smokersaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionthansmokersC．smokersthemselvesarenotlikelytosufferfromdepressionD．smokersthemselvesaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression[解析]推理判斷題。從文章第三段最后一句可推斷出：相比不吸煙者，吸煙者本人更容易患抑郁癥。[答案]DC(2011年江蘇)Weknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨刮器)?Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare?JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact，McLean，aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange，feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”，however，McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean，“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions，theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention，”saidTommyLee，aseniorphysicsmajor，“Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.So，justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well，MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy，butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights，soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield，shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuilt-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham，Alabama，Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas，alever(操作桿)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside，becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan'strafficlight.It'sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.Blodgett'sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?64．Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”，theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare________.A．beneficial，becausetheirinventorsarefamousB．beneficial，thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamousC．notuseful，becausetheirinventorsarelessfamousD．notuseful，thoughtheirinventorsarefamous[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容結(jié)合下文可推斷，作者提到交通信號燈、雨刮器等創(chuàng)造，是想說無數(shù)的創(chuàng)造對人類十分有益，雖然它們的創(chuàng)造者沒有太大的名氣。[答案]B65．ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto__________.A．a(chǎn)ddcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslifeB．informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper'sinventionC．carryouttherequirementsbyMountainD．preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，JohnMcLean教授開設(shè)這門課程的目的就是讓學(xué)生有足夠的準(zhǔn)備去嘗試自己創(chuàng)造東西。[答案]D66．TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas__________.A．noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducerB．inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiperC．duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstormD．notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean'slectures[解析]細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，TommyLee創(chuàng)造的“不會折斷的雨傘”就是受到了雨刮器背后的故事的鼓勵。[答案]B67．Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?A．HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?B．HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?C．Shouldn'tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?D．Shouldn'tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?[解析]主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章的第一段就是主題段，特別是第一段最后一句充分表達了作者的心聲，接下來的內(nèi)容都是圍繞第一段展開并為第一段效勞的。[答案]CD(2012年全國Ⅱ)Coldweathercanbehardonpets，justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime，thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout，stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime，makesuretheyhaveawarm，solidshelteragainstthewind，thickbedding，andplentyofnon-frozenwater.Ifleftaloneoutside，dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.Theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors，andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet'swater.Sometimesownersdon'trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan'tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon'thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside，whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.68．WhatdowelearnaboutpetsfromParagraph1?A．Theyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners.B．Theyareusedtolivingoutdoors.C．Theybuildtheirownshelters.D．Theyliketostayinwarmplaces.[解析]事實細節(jié)題。從第一段“Sometimesownersforgetthattheirpetsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.(有時寵物的主人忘記了他們的寵物和他們一樣習(xí)慣了溫暖的住所。)”可知答案。[答案]D69．Whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?A．Toknowwhentobringtheminside.B．Tokeepthemfromeatingbadfood.C．Tohelpthemfindshelters.D．Tokeepthemcompany.[解析]事實細節(jié)題。從第二段“Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside，theyprobablyaretoo.”可知作者建議在寒冷的天氣里寵物主人需和寵物待在一起的原因是讓寵物的主人明白什么時候該把寵物領(lǐng)進屋，應(yīng)選項A正確。[答案]A70．Ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather，theymay__________.A．runshortofcleanwaterB．digdeepholesforfunC．dirtythesnownearbyD．getlostinthewild[解析]事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段倒數(shù)后三句可知答案。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可排除B項；文中并未提及C、D兩項內(nèi)容。[答案]A71．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tobringupaproblem.B．Togivepracticaladvice.C．Totellaninterestingstory.D．Topresentaresearchresult.[解析]主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是各段首句，作者的寫作意圖是給讀者一些飼養(yǎng)寵物的實用性建議。[答案]BEDietCoke，dietPepsi，dietpills，nofatdiet，vegetablediet...Wearesurroundedbytheword“diet”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically(身體上)．Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel，wearenotallowingourbrainstoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight，butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty，high-calorie，unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale(秤)instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.Onanotherlevel，dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink，wearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon'thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain，andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus，butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients(營養(yǎng)成分)．Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryh