2017年全國(guó)II卷【高考】英語真題及解析

2017年全國(guó)II卷【高考】英語真題及解析2017年全國(guó)II卷【高考】英語真題及解析2017年全國(guó)II卷【高考】英語真題及解析絕密★啟用前2017年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語本試卷共150分，共14頁?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)： 1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。 3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。 4.作圖可先用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話盡讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?答案是C。1Whatwillthewomandothisafternoon?A.Dosomeexercise. B.Goshopping. C.Washherclothes.2Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Tocancelaflight. B.Tomakeanapology C.Toputoffameeting.3HowmuchmoredoesDavidneedforthecar?A.$5,000. B.$20,000. C.$25,000.4WhatisJanedoing?A.Planningatour. B.Callingherfather CAskingforleave.5Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Tied. B.Dizzy. C.Thirsty.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.WatchTV. B.Playoutside. C.Gotothezoo.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inacinema. C.Inasupermarket.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoesRicharddo?A.He’sanewsman. B.He’samanager. C.He’saresearcher.9.WhereisRichardgoingnextweek?A.Birmingham. B.MexicoCity. C.Shanghai.10.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Eatouttogether. B.Visitauniversity. C.SeeProfessorHayes.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespearkers?A.Schoolfriends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Librarianandlibraryuser.12.WhydoesJimsuggestMarybuythebook?A.It’ssoldatadiscountprice.B.It’simportantforherstudy.C.It’swrittenbyProfessorLee.13.WhatwillJimdoforMary?A.Sharehisbookwithher.B.Lendhersomemoney.C.AskHenryforhelp.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WheredoesStellalive?A.InMemphis. B.InBoston. C.InStLouis.15.Whatwouldpeterandhisfamilyliketodoonbealestreet?A.Visitamuseum. B.Listentomusic. C.Havedinner.16.Whatkindofhoteldoespeterprefer?A.Abigone. B.Aquiteone. C.Amodernone.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmanylabsessionswillthestudentshaveeveryweek?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.18.Whatarethestudentsallowedtowearinthelab?A.Longscarves. B.Looseclothes. C.Tennisshoes.19.Whyshouldthestudentsavoidmixingliquidwithpaper?A.Itmaycauseafire. B.Itmaycreatewaste.C.Itmayproducepollution.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Gradesthestudentswillreceive.B.Rulesthestudentsshouldfollow.C.Experimentsthestudentswilldo.1.B 2.C3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.C9.B10.A11.A12.B 13.C14.A15.B16.B17.A18.C19.A20.B第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AInthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsfromallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingShakespeare’splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureShakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.NationalTheatreOfChinaBeijing|ChineseThisgreatoccasion(盛會(huì))willbethenationalTheatreofChina’sfirstvisittotheUK.Thecompany’sproductionsshowthenewfaceof21stcenturyChinesetheatre.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sRichard=3\*ROMANIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational’sAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying.Date&Time:Saturday28April,2.30pm&Sunday29April,1.30pm&6.30pmMarjanishviliTheatreTbilisi|GeorgianOneofthemostfamoustheatresinGeorgia,theMarjanishvili,foundedin1928,appearsregularlyattheatrefestivalsallovertheworld.ThisnewproductionofAsYouLikeItishelmed（指導(dǎo)）bythecompany’sArtisticDirectorLevanTsuladze.Date&Time:Friday18May,2.30pm&Saturday19May,7.30pmDeafinitelyTheatreLondon|BritishSignLanguage（BSL）BytranslatingtherichandhumouroustextofLove’sLabour’sLostintothephysicallanguageofBSL,DeafinitelyTheatrecreatesanewinterpretationofShakespeare’scomedyandaimstobuildabridgebetweendeafandhearingworldsbyperformingtobothgroupsasoneaudience.Date&Time:Tueaday22May,2.30pm&Wednesday23May,7.30pmHabimaNationalTheatreTelAviv|HebrewTheHabimaisthecentreofHebrew-languagetheatreworldwide,FoundedinMoscowafterthe1905revolution,thecompanyeventuallysettledinTelAvivinthelate1920s,Since1958,theyhavebeenrecognizedasthenationaltheatreofIsrael.ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.Date&Time:Monday28May,7.30&Tuesday29May,7.30pm21.whichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?A.RichardⅢ. B.Lover’sLabour’sLost.C.AsYouLikeIt. D.ThemerchantofVenice.22.WhatisspecialaboutDeafinnitelyTheatre?A.Ithastwogroupsofactors. B.ItistheleadingtheatreinLondon.C.ItperformsplaysinBSL. D.Itisgoodatproducingcomedies.23.WhencanyouseeaplayinHebrew?A.OnSaturday28Apil. B.OnSunday29April.C.OnTuesday22May. D.OnTuesday29May.【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了莎士比亞的戲劇被翻譯成幾個(gè)國(guó)家的語言，并將在這些國(guó)家的大劇院上映的有關(guān)情況。【名師點(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解旨在考查考生對(duì)于文章整體的理解與細(xì)節(jié)的把握與分析，要在了解整篇文章框架的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行選擇。本文屬于廣告類短文，所考查三題均為細(xì)節(jié)題中的直接理解題。細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要實(shí)事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。這種題難度低，只要學(xué)生讀懂文章，就能得分，屬于低層次題。在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決直接理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應(yīng)的句子(即定位)，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關(guān)的句子(有時(shí)可能是幾個(gè)句子)或段落，然后進(jìn)行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。例如第21題，根據(jù)題目“whichplaywillbeperformedbytheNationalTheatreofChina?”，由題目中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵信息theNationalTheatreofChina，直接定位第一篇宣傳廣告，在文中找到“ThisproductionofShakespeare’sRichardIIIwillbedirectedbytheNational’sAssociateDirector,WangXiaoying”可知，Shakespeare’sRichardIII會(huì)在中國(guó)國(guó)家大劇院上映，故選A。考點(diǎn)：考查廣告類閱讀。BIfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft（技藝）andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords.24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent.C.Hewasn’tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A.Theywereofthesameage.B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.C.Theywerebothgoodactors.D.Theyhavesimilarcharacteristics.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.B.Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與PaulNewman之間的深厚友情。當(dāng)制片人不想讓我參演電影時(shí)，PaulNewman站出來為我說話，兩人因此而建立了深厚的友誼。在此后的很多年里，兩人一直相互扶持，相互鼓勵(lì)，因此兩人的深厚友情維系了很多年。24.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)還不是很有名。故選C。25.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen”可知，作者與Paul之間有著相似的性格特征。故選D?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本文前三題均考查了細(xì)節(jié)題。在完成細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)，學(xué)+要特別注意排除干擾項(xiàng)。如24題中的A項(xiàng)“PaulNewmanwantedit.”屬于“顛倒黑白”類干擾項(xiàng)，根據(jù)“Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul”可知制片人不想要我，說明A項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤。干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置方法除了“顛倒黑白”之外，通常還有以下幾種方式：

1.

張冠李戴。命題者把文章作者的觀點(diǎn)與他人的觀點(diǎn)混淆起來，題干問的是作者的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的卻是他人的觀點(diǎn)；或者題干問的是他人的觀點(diǎn)，卻把作者的觀點(diǎn)放到選項(xiàng)中去。

2.

偷梁換柱。干擾項(xiàng)用了與原文相似的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和大部分相似的詞匯，卻在不易引人注意的地方換了幾個(gè)詞匯，造成句意的改變。

3.

無中生有。干擾項(xiàng)往往是生活的基本常識(shí)和普遍接受的觀點(diǎn)，但在原文中并無相關(guān)的信息支持點(diǎn)，這種選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置往往與問題的設(shè)問毫不相干。

考點(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀CTerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition–hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.C.ThedesignersoftheTransition.29.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?A.Itcauserstrafficjams.B.Itisdifficulttooperate.C.Itisveryexpensive.D.Itburnstoomuchfuel.30.Whatisthegovernment’sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.CautiousB.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition’sFirstFlightC.Pilots’DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoReality【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Terrafugia公司研制出了飛車，試飛成功，預(yù)計(jì)將于明年進(jìn)行銷售。本文主要對(duì)飛車的歷史由來及其構(gòu)架進(jìn)行了介紹。28.A【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)“Thevehicle-namedtheTransition–hastwoseatswheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115inthefliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandbums5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.”可知選A。29.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000”可知，因?yàn)門ransition的價(jià)格較高，所以不太可能在太多的馬路上出現(xiàn)。故選C。30.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“hegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly”以及“MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraf”可知，政府對(duì)于飛車的研發(fā)是比較支持的。故選B。31.D【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。瀏覽全文，主要從飛車的試飛成功、飛車的構(gòu)架以及多年以前人們對(duì)飛車的設(shè)想至今成為現(xiàn)實(shí)展開說明。故選D。DWhenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly.Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds,VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked.It’saplant’swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy,itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbors.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant,buttheneighbors,relativelyspeaking,staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon’tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches,andso,ineffect,wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighborsjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged,butitwasn’tatrue,intentionalbackandforth.Charles

Darwin,

over

150

years

ago,

imagined

a

world

far

busier,

noisier

and

more

intimate(親密的)

than

the

world

we

can

see

and

hear.

Our

senses

are

weak.

There’s

a

whole

lot

going

on.32.

What

does

a

plant

do

when

it

is

under

attack?A.

It

makes

noises.

B.

It

gets

help

from

other

plants.C.

It

stands

quietly

D.

It

sends

out

certain

chemicals.33.

What

does

the

author

mean

by

“the

tables

are

turned”

in

paragraph

3?A.

The

attackers

get

attacked.B.

The

insects

gather

under

the

table.C.

The

plants

get

ready

to

fight

back.D.

The

perfumes

attract

natural

enemies.34.Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan.A.predictnaturaldisasters B.protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC.talktooneanotherintentionally D.helptheirneighborswhennecessary35.whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B.PeoplehavestrongersensesthanbeforeC.TheworldismorecomplexthanitseemsD.PeopleinDarwin’stimewereimaginative.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)植物受到攻擊時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)出VOCs，以此來保護(hù)自己或者與周圍的植物通過化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行交流。32.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm”可知，當(dāng)植物受到傷害時(shí)，會(huì)分泌一種特殊的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。33.A【解析】詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch”，一旦它們到達(dá)這里，這些攻擊者就會(huì)受到植物的攻擊，故選A。34.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOCswhenbeingattacked”及“Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway...”可知答案選B。35.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“imaginedaworldfarbusier,noisierandmoreintimate(親密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There’sawholelotgoingon”可知，這個(gè)世界遠(yuǎn)比我們看到或聽到的更熱鬧、更親密，我們認(rèn)知能力有限，有很多事仍在繼續(xù)發(fā)生，遠(yuǎn)比我們想象的要復(fù)雜。故選C?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本文33題屬于詞義猜測(cè)題。我們可以根據(jù)后句“Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch”中的lunch,說明攻擊者會(huì)成為午餐以及“Whenaleafyplantisunderattack,itdoesn’tsitquietly植物受到攻擊時(shí)，不會(huì)坐以待斃”，故thetablesareturned意為“The

plants

get

ready

to

fight

back.植物準(zhǔn)備反擊”。本題屬于典型的理由上下文語境推測(cè)。近幾年高考閱讀中猜測(cè)詞義考查方法多樣化，其中根據(jù)上下文語境推測(cè)將會(huì)越來越多。根據(jù)上下文語境作出判斷：有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需猜測(cè)其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義域解釋或例子，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)?？键c(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou’retryingtogetworkdone.36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let’stakealookatthemnow.37.Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.Whenyouneedtosomeone,don’tdoitinyourownoffice.39,it’smucheasiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouareIfyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter.Excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示)thanwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.A.Ifyou’rebusy,don’tfeelbadaboutsayingnoB.WhenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatworkC.SetboundariesforyourselfasyourtimegoesD.Ifyou’reintheotherperson’sofficeorinapublicareaE.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.ItmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshirtwhentheyinterruptyouG.Leaveitopenwhenyou’reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou’renot36-40BAEDG【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。為避免工作被打斷是一件令人感覺很糟糕的事，文章提出了幾點(diǎn)建議，防止此類事件的發(fā)生。39.D【解析】根據(jù)后文“it’smucheaseiertoexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare”，此句中it指代前文“don’tdoitinyourownoffice.”，也就是說此段中作者認(rèn)為比起在自己的辦公室解釋，不在自己的辦公室更容易點(diǎn)。故選D。40.G【解析】根據(jù)“Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.”可知，此段主要是講述關(guān)于如何利用自己辦公室的門來防止被打擾。故選G?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本文37題屬于七選五閱讀中最常見的設(shè)空在段首的方法，通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。本題我們根據(jù)后文“Tellthepersonyou’resorryandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoandthenaskiftheofyoucantalkatadifferenttime”可知我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)在自己很忙的時(shí)候去拒絕別人。故選A。當(dāng)七選五閱讀設(shè)空在句首時(shí)，還可能存在以下兩種情況：1.屬于段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。2.與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段，尤其當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話時(shí)。比如，如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間年代時(shí)，往往要注意與原文中年代的前后對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。

考點(diǎn)：考查說明文閱讀第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kids41“TheThinkingLaboratory.”Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat“Room104”wastoo43.Freddywasanaverage44,butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion（同情）.Hewould45theloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s46.Beforetheschoolyear47,Igavethekidsaspecial48,T-shirtswiththewords“VerbsAreYour49”onthem.Ihadadvisedthekidsthatwhileverbs（動(dòng)詞）mayseemdull,mostofthe50thingstheydothroughouttheirliveswillbeverbs.Throughtheyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovide51onoldclassmates.IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhis52fromhighschoolandremainedthesame53personImetfortyyearsbefore.Once,whileworkingovernightatastore,heletahomelessman54inhistruck.Anothertime,he55afriendmoneytobuyahouse.Justlastyear,Iwas56aworkshopwhensomeoneknockedattheclassroomdoor.Awoman57theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope.Istoppedteachingand58itup.Insidewerethe“Verbs”shirtanda59fromFreddy’smother.“FreddypassedawayonThanksgiving.Hewantedyoutohavethis.”Itoldthestorytotheclass.Assadasitwas,Icouldn’thelpsmiling.AlthoughFreddywastakenfromus,weall60somethingfromFreddy.41.A.built B.entered C.decorated D.ran42.A.name B.rule C.brand D.plan43.A.small B.dark C.strange D.dull44.A.scholar B.student C.citizen D.worker45.A.speak B.sing C.question D.laugh46.A.misfortune B.disbelief C.dishonesty D.mistake47.A.changed B.approached C.returned D.ended48.A.lesson B.gift C.report D.message49.A.Friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks50.A.simple B.unique C.fun D.clever51.A.assessments B.comments C.instructionsD.updates52.A.graduation B.retirement C.separationD.resignation53.A.daring B.modest C.caringD.smart54.A.wait B.sleep C.studyD.live55.A.paid B.charged C.lentD.owed56.A.observing B.preparing C.designingD.conducting57.A.regretted B.avoided C.excusedD.ignored58.A.opened B.packed C.gaveD.held59.A.picture B.bill C.noteD.diary60.A.chose B.took C.expectedD.borrowed【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講了作者的一個(gè)學(xué)生Freddy既有趣又有同情心，作者在Freddy高中畢業(yè)前送給他一件襯衫，上面寫著告誡他“動(dòng)詞”在人生中的重要性，而他在畢業(yè)后也保持著樂于助人的品質(zhì)，但不幸的是Freddy在若干年后去世了，而那件襯衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的學(xué)生們都從Freddy身上學(xué)到了一些寶貴的品質(zhì)。41.B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.built建造，B.entered進(jìn)入，C.decorated裝飾，D.ran跑步。每天，27個(gè)孩子都會(huì)“進(jìn)入”“思想實(shí)驗(yàn)室”，故選B。42.A考查名詞詞義辨析，A.name名字，B.rule規(guī)則，C.brand品牌，D.plan計(jì)劃?！八枷雽?shí)驗(yàn)室”這個(gè)“名字”是同學(xué)們投票得來的，故選A。43.D考查形容詞詞義辨析，A.small小的，B.dark黑的，C.strange奇怪的，D.dull無聊的，由后文可知，同學(xué)們是因?yàn)椤?04室”這個(gè)名字太“無聊”才把名字改為“思想實(shí)驗(yàn)室”的，故選D。44.B考查名詞詞義辨析，A.scholar學(xué)者，B.student學(xué)生，C.citizen市民，D.worker工人，通讀全文可知Freddy是作者的一名“學(xué)生”，故選B。45.D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.speak說，B.sing唱歌，C.question質(zhì)問，D.laugh大笑。對(duì)于好玩的事情，他會(huì)“笑”得最大聲，故選D。46.A考查名詞詞義辨析，A.misfortune不幸，B.disbelief懷疑，C.dishonesty不誠(chéng)實(shí)，D.mistake錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)前句：Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之間可以做到罕見的平衡，所以對(duì)于任何人的“不幸”，他會(huì)很悲傷，故選A。50.C考查形容詞詞義辨析，A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的，B.unique獨(dú)特的，C.fun有趣的，D.clever聰明的?！氨M管動(dòng)詞也許看起來很無聊，但人們的一生當(dāng)中做的大部分有趣之事都將是動(dòng)詞”，“無聊”與“有趣”相對(duì)，故選C。51.D考查名詞詞義辨析，A.assessments評(píng)估，B.comments評(píng)論，C.instructions指導(dǎo)，D.updates更新。我遇到過以前的學(xué)生，他們常常會(huì)提供一些老同學(xué)的“最新情況”，故選D。52.A考查名詞詞義辨析，A.graduation畢業(yè)，B.retirement退休，C.separation分離，D.resignation辭職。在Freddy高中畢業(yè)后，做了好幾份工作，故選A。53.C考查形容詞詞義辨析，A.daring勇敢的，B.modest謙虛的，C.caring貼心的，D.smart聰明的。他讓無家可歸的人睡在了他的卡車上，可知他仍然是很愛關(guān)照人的，貼心的，故選C。54.B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.wait等待，B.sleep睡覺，C.study學(xué)習(xí)，D.live居住。他讓一位無家可歸的人“睡在”他的卡車上，故選B。55.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.paid，支付，B.charged索要，C.lent借出，D.owed欠。還有一次，他借錢給朋友，讓朋友買到房，故選C。56.D考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.observing觀察，B.preparing準(zhǔn)備，C.designing設(shè)計(jì)，D.conducting組織，實(shí)施，執(zhí)行。我正在班級(jí)里組織一個(gè)專題研討會(huì)的時(shí)候，突然有人敲門，故選D。57.C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.regretted后悔，遺憾，B.avoided避免，C.excused原諒，寬恕，D.ignored忽視。因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)正在上課，所以這名女子為自己的打斷行為要求得到原諒，故選C。58.A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.opened打開，B.packed打包，C.gave給予，D.held握住。我停止教學(xué)，打開信封，故選A。59.C考查名詞詞義辨析，A.picture圖片，B.bill賬單，C.note紙條，便箋，D.diary日記，根據(jù)后文的描述，可知襯衫上是一個(gè)便箋，上面寫著……故選C。60.B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析，A.chose選擇，B.took拿走，C.expected期待，D.borrowed借入。盡管Freddy離開了我們，我們從他的身上也帶走了一些東西，故選B?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】本篇完形填空很好地體現(xiàn)出重在考查語篇理解能力，且不在情節(jié)上、詞匯考查大做文章的趨勢(shì)。其中對(duì)于語篇的上下文復(fù)現(xiàn)考查非常之多。語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。如：IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhis52fromhighschoolandremainedthesame53personImetfortyyearsbefore.53.A.daringB.modestC.caringD.smart【分析】同義詞同現(xiàn)，根據(jù)第二段第二句“Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion（同情）”，這里的compassion與選項(xiàng)中的caring雖然詞性不同，但表達(dá)的是相同的意思，屬于同義詞同現(xiàn)?？键c(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible__61__(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand___62__work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,____63___(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover___64___top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines___65__(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen___66__(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing___67__everyday.Later,engineers____68___(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___69___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost___70___(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了地鐵的最初發(fā)展史。67.it考查代詞，這里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。68.managed考查動(dòng)詞，此處表示過去的情況，所以這里也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填roduction考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，空格前是the,后面應(yīng)該是名詞，故填名詞introduction。70.successful考查形容詞，空格前是most,其后要跟形容詞構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，故填successful?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】在語法填空中，我們