浙江省五校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省五校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第I卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOklahomaSchoolTestingProgramforEnglishLanguageArtsPurposeThistestingassessmentsystemutilizesdifferenttypesofassessmenttogathermultiplepiecesofevidencetoprovidetimely,relevant,actionable,andreliableinformationaboutwhatstudentsknowandcandorelativetoasetofstandards.TestStructure,Format,andScoringTheEnglishLanguageArtsoperationaltestismeanttobeadministeredintwosessionswithinonedaywithabreakbetweensessionsorontwoinstructionaldaysinarow.Eachsectionofthetestconsistsof25operationalitemsand5field-testitems.Shortconstructed-responseitemsprovidestudentswiththeopportunitytorespondtoitemsintheirownwords.Atypicalresponseis1-3sentences.Eachmultiple-choiceitemisscoredascorrectorincorrect.Technology-enhanceditemsareworthonepointandarescoredascorrectorincorrect.TestAdministrationDetailsPaper/penciltestingisadministratedinthistest.Duetothenatureofapapertestbooklet,studentsmayhavetoflippagestoreadpassagesandtoreadtheassociatedtestitems.Studentswillbeabletousescratchpaperand/orunmarkedgrid(方格)paperforthepaper.Thescratchpapermustbecollectedanddestroyedbythetestadministratorimmediatelyfollowingthetest.1.Howmanytestitemsarethereintotal?A.25. B.30. C.50. D.60.2.Whatisprohibitedinthetest?A.Takingawayscratchpaper. B.UsingaPencil.C.Usingunmarkedgridpaper. D.Flippingpages.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Acourseplan. C.Anexampaper. D.Anexamguideline.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要對(duì)俄克拉荷馬州英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)學(xué)校測(cè)試計(jì)劃進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明和介紹，為讀者提供了關(guān)于這一測(cè)試計(jì)劃的具體信息和細(xì)節(jié)?！即鸢浮?.D2.A3.D【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TestStructure,Format,andScoring部分中的“TheEnglishLanguageArtsoperationaltestismeanttobeadministeredintwosessionswithinonedaywithabreakbetweensessionsorontwoinstructionaldaysinarow.Eachsectionofthetestconsistsof25operationalitemsand5field-testitems.(英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)操作測(cè)試將在一天內(nèi)分兩次進(jìn)行，中間有休息時(shí)間，或者連續(xù)兩天進(jìn)行。每段測(cè)試由25個(gè)操作項(xiàng)目和5個(gè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試項(xiàng)目組成。)”可推斷出，每個(gè)測(cè)試部分包含25個(gè)操作項(xiàng)目和5個(gè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試項(xiàng)目，并且測(cè)試包含兩次，由此可知，總測(cè)試項(xiàng)目數(shù)為：25（操作項(xiàng)目）+5（現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試項(xiàng)目）=30個(gè)項(xiàng)目，然后30*2=60。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TestAdministrationDetails部分中的“Thescratchpapermustbecollectedanddestroyedbythetestadministratorimmediatelyfollowingthetest.(考試管理員必須在考試結(jié)束后立即收集并銷(xiāo)毀草稿紙。)”可知，草稿紙必須由考試管理員在考試結(jié)束后立即收集并銷(xiāo)毀，由此可知，考生不可以帶走草稿紙。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章詳細(xì)描述了俄克拉荷馬州英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言藝術(shù)學(xué)校測(cè)試計(jì)劃的目的、測(cè)試的結(jié)構(gòu)和格式、評(píng)分方式以及測(cè)試管理的細(xì)節(jié)等。這些內(nèi)容通常出現(xiàn)在為考生或教師提供關(guān)于如何進(jìn)行和管理考試的指南或手冊(cè)中。故選D。BItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.Usually,children,witheyesthatseeallandmindsthatarestillfreetowonder,areextraordinarilyacceptingthechangesinroutine,theshiftinseasons.Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.Andthesideeffectwastotalhairloss.Itshouldgrowbackeventually,butmymotherdecidedtohaveawig(假發(fā))tocoverherhead.Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.Whensheisalone,sheusuallyleavesherheaduncovered,findingthewiguncomfortablewhenunnecessary.“Grandmahasnohair,”Seansaid,becausewehadcaughtherbysurprise.“Iknow,Sean.Isn’titfunny?”Iaskedhimasmymomjoinedusinthelivingroom.WeexplainedtohimthatGrandmahadtotakemedicinethatmadeherhairgoaway,butitwouldcomeback.“Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.4.WhathashappenedtoGrandmaovertheyear?A.Shehasrefusedothers’visits. B.Shehaspulledthroughthecancer.C.Shehaslostherfightwiththetumor. D.Shehasrecoveredwithoutsideeffects.5.WhywasSeansurprisedwhenvisitingGrandma?A.BecausehefoundGrandmatiredandthin.B.BecausejustoverheardGrandma’scancer.C.Becausehecouldn’tacceptGrandma’sappearance.D.BecausehehadneverseenGrandmahairlessbefore.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Lovingandoptimistic. B.Loyalandhonest.C.Humbleandcommitted. D.Generousandhumorous.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining. B.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Lovegoesbeyondphysicalchanges. D.Whatdoesn’tkillusmakesusstronger.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者帶兒子去看望因癌癥化療而脫發(fā)的母親，以及兒子對(duì)母親變化的好奇和母親的大方應(yīng)對(duì)，展現(xiàn)了母子之間的深厚情感。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.A7.C【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.(又是十月。我母親被診斷出患有肺癌已經(jīng)一年了；一年前她開(kāi)始了勇敢的戰(zhàn)斗。這是一個(gè)里程碑式的一年，有很多共同的微笑和秘密的恐懼。)”以及第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術(shù)。她也挺過(guò)來(lái)了，又瘦又累。)”可知，作者的媽媽在過(guò)去的一年里戰(zhàn)勝了癌癥。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”(然而，這個(gè)星期，當(dāng)我?guī)е鴥蓚€(gè)小兒子去拜訪媽媽時(shí)，沒(méi)有事先告訴她，Sean跑進(jìn)她的臥室迎接她，然后迅速回到客廳和我說(shuō)話?！皨寢?，”我四歲的孩子小聲說(shuō)，生怕被人聽(tīng)到或冒犯，“奶奶沒(méi)有頭發(fā)?！?”可知，Sean看到奶奶沒(méi)有頭發(fā)的時(shí)候感到很驚訝。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.(她戴它主要是為了讓別人舒服。)”可知，奶奶戴假發(fā)是為了讓別人舒服，由此可知，奶奶非常有愛(ài)心；再根據(jù)文章第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術(shù)。)”和最后一段““Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.(“你想摸摸我的頭嗎，Sean？”媽媽問(wèn)，兒子盯著她，藍(lán)眼睛里充滿了疑問(wèn)和好奇。)”可知，她對(duì)生活的態(tài)度是積極向上、樂(lè)觀的。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.(看到你的母親或任何你愛(ài)的人沒(méi)有頭發(fā)是令人驚訝的，但令人驚訝的是，這是你可以很快習(xí)慣的事情。畢竟，我們并不是這些真正的身體——這些只是承載我們的軀殼，不管身體發(fā)生了什么變化，那些被愛(ài)聯(lián)系在一起的人似乎都能認(rèn)出自己。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章講述了作者母親的故事，她接受了癌癥治療，導(dǎo)致脫發(fā)。當(dāng)作者四歲的兒子注意到這種變化并表示好奇時(shí)，母親的回應(yīng)是開(kāi)放的，并允許他觸摸她的頭。這種互動(dòng)凸顯了作者的信念，即愛(ài)超越了身體的變化。盡管母親的外表因疾病而改變，但她和兒子之間植根于愛(ài)的聯(lián)系仍然沒(méi)有動(dòng)搖。作者認(rèn)為，無(wú)論身體發(fā)生怎樣的變化，那些被愛(ài)聯(lián)系在一起的人都能認(rèn)識(shí)并接受對(duì)方。因此，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是，愛(ài)比外表更深刻、更持久，它超越了任何可能發(fā)生的身體變化。故選C。CUsersofGoogleGemini,thetechgiant’sartificial-intelligencemodel,recentlynoticedthataskingittocreateimagesofVikings,orGermansoldiersfrom1943producedsurprisingresults:hardlyanyofthepeopledepictedwerewhite.Otherimage-generationtoolshavebeencriticizedbecausetheytendtoshowwhitemenwhenaskedforimagesofentrepreneursordoctors.GooglewantedGeminitoavoidthistrap;instead,itfellintoanotherone,depictingGeorgeWashingtonasblack.Nowattentionhasmovedontothechatbot’stextresponses,whichturnedouttobejustassurprising.Geminihappilyprovidedargumentsinfavorofpositiveactioninhighereducation,butrefusedtoprovideargumentsagainst.Itdeclinedtowriteajobadforafossil-fuellobbygroup(游說(shuō)團(tuán)體),becausefossilfuelsarebadandlobbygroupsprioritize“theinterestsofcorporationsoverpublicwell-being”.AskedifHamasisaterroristorganization,itrepliedthattheconflictinGazais“complex”;askedifElonMusk’stweetingofmemeshaddonemoreharmthanHitler,itsaiditwas“difficulttosay”.Youdonothavetobeacritictoperceiveitsprogressivebias.Inadequatetestingmaybepartlytoblame.GooglelagsbehindOpenAI,makerofthebetter-knownChatGPT.Asitracestocatchup,Googlemayhavecutcorners.Otherchatbotshavealsohadcontroversiallaunches.Releasingchatbotsandlettingusersuncoveroddbehaviors,whichcanbeswiftlyaddressed,letsfirmsmovefaster,providedtheyarepreparedtoweather(經(jīng)受住)thepotentialrisksandbadpublicity,observesEthanMollick,aprofessoratWhartonBusinessSchool.ButGeminihasclearlybeendeliberatelyadjusted,or“fine-tuned”,toproducetheseresponses.ThisraisesquestionsaboutGoogle’sculture.Isthefirmsofinanciallysecure,withvastprofitsfrominternetadvertising,thatitfeelsfreetotryitshandatsocialengineering?Dosomeemployeesthinkithasnotjustanopportunity,butaresponsibility,touseitsreachandpowertopromoteaparticularagenda?AlleyesarenowonGoogle’sboss,SundarPichai.HesaysGeminiisbeingfixed.ButdoesGoogleneedfixingtoo?8.Whatdothewords“thistrap”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Havingaracialbias. B.Respondingtowrongtexts.C.Criticizingpoliticalfigures. D.Goingagainsthistoricalfacts.9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Gemini’srefusaltomakeprogress. B.Gemini’sfailuretogivedefiniteanswers.C.Gemini’sprejudiceintextresponses. D.Gemini’savoidanceofpoliticalconflicts.10.WhatdoesEthanMollickthinkofGemini’searlylaunch?A.Creative. B.Promising. C.Illegal. D.Controversial.11.WhatcanweinferaboutGooglefromthelastparagraph?A.Itssecurityisdoubted. B.Itlacksfinancialsupport.C.Itneedsfurtherimprovement. D.Itsemployeesareirresponsible.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要圍繞谷歌的人工智能模型Gemini的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行了描述和分析，指出了該模型在生成圖像和文本回復(fù)時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，以及這些問(wèn)題可能反映出的谷歌公司文化和戰(zhàn)略考量?！即鸢浮?.A9.C10.D11.C【8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“UsersofGoogleGemini,thetechgiant’sartificial-intelligencemodel,recentlynoticedthataskingittocreateimagesofVikings,orGermansoldiersfrom1943producedsurprisingresults:hardlyanyofthepeopledepictedwerewhite.Otherimage-generationtoolshavebeencriticizedbecausetheytendtoshowwhitemenwhenaskedforimagesofentrepreneursordoctors.(科技巨頭谷歌的人工智能模型GoogleGemini的用戶最近注意到，讓它創(chuàng)建維京人或1943年的德國(guó)士兵的圖像產(chǎn)生了令人驚訝的結(jié)果:幾乎沒(méi)有一個(gè)被描繪的人是白人。其他圖像生成工具也受到了批評(píng)，因?yàn)楫?dāng)被要求提供企業(yè)家或醫(yī)生的圖像時(shí)，它們往往會(huì)顯示白人男性。)”可推測(cè)，“thistrap”指的是前面提到的其他圖像生成工具在生成圖像時(shí)存在的種族偏見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。而谷歌的 Gemini想要擺脫這種陷阱，卻又掉入了另一個(gè)——把喬治.華盛頓描繪成黑人。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Geminihappilyprovidedargumentsinfavorofpositiveactioninhighereducation,butrefusedtoprovideargumentsagainst.Itdeclinedtowriteajobadforafossil-fuellobbygroup(游說(shuō)團(tuán)體),becausefossilfuelsarebadandlobbygroupsprioritize“theinterestsofcorporationsoverpublicwell-being”.AskedifHamasisaterroristorganization,itrepliedthattheconflictinGazais“complex”;askedifElonMusk’stweetingofmemeshaddonemoreharmthanHitler,itsaiditwas“difficulttosay”.Youdonothavetobeacritictoperceiveitsprogressivebias.(Gemini樂(lè)于提供支持高等教育的積極行動(dòng)的論據(jù)，但拒絕提供反對(duì)的論據(jù)。它拒絕為化石燃料游說(shuō)團(tuán)體寫(xiě)招聘廣告，因?yàn)榛剂喜缓?，游說(shuō)團(tuán)體優(yōu)先考慮“公司的利益而不是公眾的福祉”。當(dāng)被問(wèn)及Hamas是否是恐怖組織時(shí)，它回答說(shuō)，加沙的沖突是“復(fù)雜的”；當(dāng)被問(wèn)及ElonMusk在推特上發(fā)布的表情包是否比希特勒造成的傷害更大時(shí)，該公司表示“很難說(shuō)”。即使你不是批評(píng)家，也能看出它的進(jìn)步偏見(jiàn)。)”可知，第二段主要講述的是Gemini在回復(fù)信息時(shí)有自己的偏見(jiàn)。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“GooglelagsbehindOpenAI,makerofthebetter-knownChatGPT.Asitracestocatchup,Googlemayhavecutcorners.Otherchatbotshavealsohadcontroversiallaunches.

Releasingchatbotsandlettingusersuncoveroddbehaviors,whichcanbeswiftlyaddressed,letsfirmsmovefaster,providedtheyarepreparedtoweather(經(jīng)受住)thepotentialrisksandbadpublicity,observesEthanMollick,aprofessoratWhartonBusinessSchool.(在奮力追趕的過(guò)程中，谷歌可能走了捷徑。其他聊天機(jī)器人的發(fā)布也引發(fā)了爭(zhēng)議。沃頓商學(xué)院教授EthMollick表示，發(fā)布聊天機(jī)器人，讓用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)可以迅速解決的奇怪行為，可以讓企業(yè)更快地行動(dòng)，前提是它們準(zhǔn)備好經(jīng)受住潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和負(fù)面宣傳。)”可知，EthanMollick觀察到發(fā)布聊天機(jī)器人并讓用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的行為，如果公司準(zhǔn)備好承受潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和負(fù)面宣傳，可以迅速解決這些問(wèn)題，從而讓公司更快地行動(dòng)。這表明他認(rèn)為Gemini的早期發(fā)布是有爭(zhēng)議的，因?yàn)樗赡軒?lái)一些未預(yù)料到的問(wèn)題和負(fù)面反應(yīng)。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ButGeminihasclearlybeendeliberatelyadjusted,or“fine-tuned”,toproducetheseresponses.ThisraisesquestionsaboutGoogle’sculture.Isthefirmsofinanciallysecure,withvastprofitsfrominternetadvertising,thatitfeelsfreetotryitshandatsocialengineering?Dosomeemployeesthinkithasnotjustanopportunity,butaresponsibility,touseitsreachandpowertopromoteaparticularagenda?AlleyesarenowonGoogle’sboss,SundarPichai.HesaysGeminiisbeingfixed.ButdoesGoogleneedfixingtoo?(但Gemini顯然經(jīng)過(guò)了刻意調(diào)整，或“微調(diào)”，以產(chǎn)生這些反應(yīng)。這引發(fā)了對(duì)谷歌文化的質(zhì)疑。這家公司從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣告中獲得巨額利潤(rùn)，在財(cái)務(wù)上如此安全，以至于它可以自由地嘗試社交工程嗎？是否有些員工認(rèn)為它不僅有機(jī)會(huì)，而且有責(zé)任利用其影響力和權(quán)力來(lái)推動(dòng)特定的議程？現(xiàn)在所有的目光都集中在谷歌的老板SundarPichai身上。他說(shuō)Gemini正在被修復(fù)。但谷歌也需要修復(fù)嗎？)”可知，最后一段提出了對(duì)谷歌文化的質(zhì)疑，并暗示該公司可能在微調(diào)其人工智能模型Gemini時(shí)采取了一些自由，導(dǎo)致了意想不到的反應(yīng)。這意味著該模型存在需要解決和糾正的問(wèn)題，表明谷歌在該領(lǐng)域仍有改進(jìn)的空間。故選C。D“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.SusanGoldin-MeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.Virtuallyeveryonegestures,notjustItalians.Experimentalsubjects,toldafteraresearchsessionthattheywerebeingwatchedforgestures,apologizefornothavingmadeany—butweredoingsotheentiretime.Peoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.Awomanbornwithoutarmsbutwith“phantomlimbsyndrome(幻肢綜合征)”describeshowsheusesherphantomarmswhenshetalks—butnotwhenshewalks.Allthissuggeststhatcognitionis,tosomeextent,“embodied”;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiasesofwhichtheymaybeunaware.In“TheCrown”,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisasophisticatedaidtoboth.12.WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldjokeinParagraph1?A.Topresentanargument. B.Todescribeascene.C.Toleadinthetopic. D.Toclarifyadoubt.13.WhichstatementwillSusanGoldin-Meadowprobablyagreewith?A.Thedisabledseldomusegestures. B.Gesturesliterallyembodycognition.C.Thinkingonlyoccursinsidethebrain. D.Gesturesareimproperincommunication.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoproveinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Gesturesmayexpresswhatthespeakerreallythinks.B.Peopleareunawareofthemeaningsoftheirgestures.C.Gesturingduringspeechshowsonlyalackofcontrol.D.Speakerscanliemoreeasilywiththehelpofgestures.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Speech:ADirectChannelofInformation B.Gestures:AVitalFormofCommunicationC.Italian’sBodyLanguage:ANationalStereotype D.ThinkingwithYourHands:ALifetime’sResearch【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了芝加哥大學(xué)的蘇珊·戈?duì)柖?梅多的新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，她認(rèn)為情緒以多種方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)：面部表情、姿勢(shì)、語(yǔ)調(diào)等等。但是，當(dāng)人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)使用手勢(shì)時(shí)，他們的行為是不同的?！即鸢浮?2.C13.B14.A15.B【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.(“把意大利人的手綁在背后，”一個(gè)老笑話說(shuō)，“他會(huì)啞口無(wú)言?！边@是基于一個(gè)民族的刻板印象：意大利人健談、情緒化，所有的握手都被認(rèn)為是證明這一點(diǎn)的證據(jù)。)”以及第二段“Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.(但是，當(dāng)人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)使用手勢(shì)時(shí)，他們的行為是不同的，她在新書(shū)的標(biāo)題中總結(jié)了這一點(diǎn)，“用你的手思考”。這是一次對(duì)一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，作者在第一段提到關(guān)于意大利的老笑話是為了引出本文的主題——手勢(shì)在交流中的重要性。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“SusanGoldin-MeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.(芝加哥大學(xué)的SusanGoldin-Meadow有不同的看法。情緒以多種方式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)：面部表情、姿勢(shì)、語(yǔ)調(diào)等等。但是，當(dāng)人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)使用手勢(shì)時(shí)，他們的行為是不同的，她在新書(shū)的標(biāo)題中總結(jié)了這一點(diǎn)，“用你的手思考”。這是一次對(duì)一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，SusanGoldin-Meadow認(rèn)為人們?cè)谑褂檬謩?shì)與語(yǔ)言時(shí)實(shí)際上在做一些不同的事情，并強(qiáng)調(diào)手勢(shì)是思考和交流的一部分。她通過(guò)“用你的手思考”這個(gè)書(shū)名也表達(dá)了類似的觀點(diǎn)，即手勢(shì)在某種程度上體現(xiàn)了認(rèn)知。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiasesofwhichtheymaybeunaware.(事實(shí)上，伴隨著說(shuō)話的手勢(shì)是第二種信息渠道。研究對(duì)象觀看了一部電影，電影中有一只貓?jiān)谂?，但被要求撒謊說(shuō)它是跳下來(lái)的。他們用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)，而他們的手做著奔跑的動(dòng)作。那些說(shuō)自己相信男女平等，但在談?wù)撆詴r(shí)把手放低的人并不是在暗示女性的身高；他們可能會(huì)表現(xiàn)出自己可能沒(méi)有意識(shí)到的偏見(jiàn)。)”可知，作者通過(guò)舉例和解釋來(lái)論證手勢(shì)可能表達(dá)說(shuō)話者真正的想法。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisasophisticatedaidtoboth.(讀過(guò)Susan這本書(shū)的人再也不會(huì)認(rèn)為手勢(shì)只是缺乏控制的表現(xiàn)。它是關(guān)于思考和交流的，是對(duì)兩者的復(fù)雜輔助。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論了手勢(shì)作為一種重要的交流形式，在語(yǔ)言和思考中所扮演的角色。從文章開(kāi)頭提到的意大利人的笑話，到SusanGoldin-Meadow教授的觀點(diǎn)，再到各種實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)例的引用，都旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)手勢(shì)在交流中的不可或缺的地位。因此，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該突出手勢(shì)作為交流的一種重要形式，選項(xiàng)B“Gestures:AVitalFormofCommunication(手勢(shì)：一種重要的交流形式)”最符合文章的中心思想。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Wewatchoursaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes,allyearround?Alot.____16____.InvestinqualitysunglassesToshieldyoureyes,wearsunglassescertifiedtoblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.____17____.“Infact,ifthelensesaredarkbutnotUV-protected,that’sworseforyoureyes,becausewhenyou’relookingthroughdarklensesyourpupilsdilate,whichletsmoreUVlightinsidetododamage,”saysDrEsenAkpek,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.WearsafetyglasseswhenneededYoudon’thavetobedoingconstructionworkorfactoryworktoneedprotectiveeyewear.____18____.It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsports-relatedeyeinjuriesareactuallypreventablewithpropereyeprotection.“Iseepeoplewho’vebeengardening,leanedforwardandgotpokedintheeyebyabranch,”saysDrDavinderGrover,anophthalmologistatGlaucomaAssociatesofTexas.Investinanairpurifier____19____.Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancauseirritation.Inadditiontolubricatingeyedrops,“airpurifiersandhumidifiersareourfriends,”saysAkpek.SeeaneyespecialistregularlyRoutinecheckuphelpsmaintaingoodeyehealth,sopleasedon’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly,ifpossible.____20____.A.SafetycomesfirstforvariousoutdooractivitiesB.Surprisingly,darklensesaren’tnecessarilythemostprotectiveC.Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheair—andtheeyesD.Gardening,homerepairsandsportsallposetheriskoftraumatotheeyeE.Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearlyF.Byincorporatingtheselifestylesteps,youreyeswillstayhealthythroughouttheyearG.Wehaveaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何全年保護(hù)眼睛給出了幾個(gè)具體的建議和注意事項(xiàng)?！即鸢浮?6.G17.B18.D19.C20.E【16題詳析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes,allyearround?Alot.(我們用防曬霜來(lái)保護(hù)我們的皮膚。但是我們能做些什么來(lái)全年保護(hù)我們的眼睛呢？很多。)”可知，上文提出我們可以采取許多措施來(lái)保護(hù)我們的眼睛。選項(xiàng)G“Wehaveaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth(我們向?qū)＜易稍兞巳藗儜?yīng)該采取哪些生活方式來(lái)保護(hù)他們的視力和眼睛健康)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，同時(shí)引出下文我們可以采取的具體的措施。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Toshieldyoureyes,wearsunglassescertifiedtoblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.(為了保護(hù)你的眼睛，戴上經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)證的太陽(yáng)鏡，可以阻擋99%到100%的UVA和UVB光。)”可知，上文講述的是我們可以戴上經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)證的太陽(yáng)鏡來(lái)保護(hù)我們的眼睛。選項(xiàng)B“Surprisingly,darklensesaren’tnecessarilythemostprotective(令人驚訝的是，深色鏡片并不一定是最具保護(hù)作用的)”承接上文內(nèi)容，指出我們可以佩戴太陽(yáng)鏡保護(hù)眼睛，同時(shí)指出深色鏡片未必是最具有保護(hù)作用的。這與下文““Infact,ifthelensesaredarkbutnotUV-protected,that’sworseforyoureyes,becausewhenyou’relookingthroughdarklensesyourpupilsdilate,whichletsmoreUVlightinsidetododamage,”saysDrEsenAkpek,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.(約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)教授埃森·阿克佩克博士說(shuō)：“事實(shí)上，如果隱形眼鏡是深色的，但沒(méi)有防紫外線，這對(duì)你的眼睛更不利，因?yàn)楫?dāng)你通過(guò)深色隱形眼鏡看東西時(shí)，瞳孔會(huì)放大，這會(huì)讓更多的紫外線進(jìn)入眼睛，造成傷害?！?”內(nèi)容上保持一致。故選B。【18題詳析】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Youdon’thavetobedoingconstructionworkorfactoryworktoneedprotectiveeyewear.(你不必在建筑工作或工廠工作時(shí)才需要防護(hù)眼鏡。)”可推測(cè)出，不是建筑工作或工廠工作才會(huì)對(duì)眼睛造成損傷。選項(xiàng)D“Gardening,homerepairsandsportsallposetheriskoftraumatotheeye(園藝、房屋維修和運(yùn)動(dòng)都有造成眼睛損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是園藝、房屋維修和運(yùn)動(dòng)都可能對(duì)眼睛造成損傷。故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancauseirritation.(室外的寒冷和風(fēng)也會(huì)使眼睛干燥，而污染和過(guò)敏原也會(huì)引起刺激。)”中的“too”可知，空處內(nèi)容和眼睛干燥相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C“Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheair—andtheeyes(室內(nèi)暖氣和空調(diào)會(huì)使空氣變干，也會(huì)使眼睛變干)”指的是室內(nèi)暖氣和空調(diào)會(huì)使使眼睛變干，與下文內(nèi)容一致，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Routinecheckuphelpsmaintaingoodeyehealth,sopleasedon’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly,ifpossible.(例行檢查有助于保持良好的眼睛健康，所以如果可能的話，請(qǐng)不要忘記定期去看眼科專家檢查。)”可知，本段主要建議我們定期檢查眼睛。選項(xiàng)E“Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly(并非所有的眼部問(wèn)題都是顯而易見(jiàn)的，而且及早發(fā)現(xiàn)最好治療)”是上文內(nèi)容的自然延續(xù)，指的是要定期檢查眼睛，因?yàn)椴⒎撬械难鄄繂?wèn)題都是顯而易見(jiàn)的，而且及早發(fā)現(xiàn)最好治療。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Fortyyearsago,Mrs.Austenwasmyfirst-gradeteacher,anoldladywithsalt-and-pepperhair,firmbutkind,patientand____21____.Sheletusbakegingerbreadmenintheschoolcafeteria—adelightful____22____thatamazedme.Andwheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books,shewouldn’tlettheotherkids____23____myclassmateJackorme.ButIcametotruly____24____Mrs.Austenwhenadress-updaywas____25____.Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe____26____ofthemid-1800s.Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.Iwassoproud____27____itasIwalkedtoschoolthatday.WhenIgotthere,however,Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup,feelingkindof____28____.Mrs.Austenoohedandaahedovermy____29____andthenwenttoheroffice.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforeshe_____30_____inafrontier-styledress!Sheexplainedthatshehadaskedherhusbandtobringthecostume.Wemovedawaytwoyearslater,andIstill_____31_____thatInevertoldMrs.Austenhow_____32_____Iwastoher,ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven_____33_____herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling_____34_____.Ihadmanywonderfulteachersthroughouttheyears,butMrs.Austenhasalwayshelda(n)_____35_____placeinmyheart.21.A.neighborly B.cowardly C.grandmotherly D.scholarly22.A.treat B.view C.journey D.story23.A.callon B.relateto C.laughat D.engagewith24.A.remember B.appreciate C.believe D.approach25.A.appointed B.canceled C.established D.scheduled26.A.field B.style C.course D.show27.A.making B.holding C.wearing D.owning28.A.surprised B.frightened C.disappointed D.embarrassed29.A.cookies B.present C.costume D.material30.A.reappeared B.displayed C.announced D.modeled31.A.assume B.regret C.imagine D.pretend32.A.dedicated B.important C.attached D.grateful33.A.sought B.deserved C.offered D.declined34.A.atease B.inorder C.outofplace D.undercontrol35.A.typical B.special C.obvious D.ideal【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者對(duì)曾經(jīng)老師的回憶，描述了和老師之間的一段溫馨而深刻的師生關(guān)系。〖答案〗21.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：四十年前，Austen夫人是我的一年級(jí)老師，一位頭發(fā)花白、堅(jiān)定而和藹、耐心又慈祥的老太太。A.neighborly友好的；B.cowardly懦弱的、膽小的；C.grandmotherly慈祥的；D.scholarly學(xué)術(shù)性的、學(xué)者派頭的。根據(jù)空前的“kind,patient”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，Austen夫人是一位慈祥的老師。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她讓我們?cè)趯W(xué)校的食堂烤姜餅人——這是一種令人愉快的款待，讓我大吃一驚。A.treat款待；B.view觀點(diǎn)；C.journey旅程；D.story故事。根據(jù)上文的“bakegingerbreadmen”可知，老師帶學(xué)生在烤姜餅人，這是一種食物。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我們讀《杰克和珍妮特》的故事時(shí)，她不會(huì)讓其他孩子嘲笑我的同學(xué)Jack或我。A.callon號(hào)召；B.relateto有關(guān)、涉及；C.laughat嘲笑；D.engagewith與……接洽、銜接。根據(jù)空前“wheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books”可推測(cè)，作者的名字應(yīng)該是Janet，而根據(jù)常理可知，小孩可能會(huì)因?yàn)樽约旱耐瑢W(xué)和故事書(shū)中人物同名而嘲笑同學(xué)。根據(jù)上文可知，這位老師非常的有愛(ài)心，由此可知，她會(huì)阻止自己的學(xué)生這樣做。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)學(xué)校安排了一次裝扮日時(shí)，我才真正感激Austen夫人。A.remember記得；B.appreciate欣賞、感激；C.believe相信；D.approach接近。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容以及“ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven______herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling______.”可知，作者非常感激自己的老師曾經(jīng)為她所做的一切，保護(hù)了一個(gè)女孩的自尊心。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)學(xué)校安排了一次裝扮日時(shí)，我真正感受到了Austen夫人的特別。A.appointed任命、委派；B.canceled取消；C.established建立；D.scheduled預(yù)定；安排。根據(jù)下文“Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe_____ofthemid-1800s.”可知，學(xué)校安排了一次裝扮日。故選D。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一天，我們被鼓勵(lì)穿19世紀(jì)中期風(fēng)格的衣服。A.field田地、領(lǐng)域、場(chǎng)地；B.style風(fēng)格；C.course課程；D.show表演、展覽。根據(jù)下文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”可知，學(xué)校鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在裝扮日穿19世紀(jì)中期風(fēng)格的衣服。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天我穿著它去上學(xué)，我感到很自豪。A.making制作；B.holding持有、保持；C.wearing穿戴；D.owning擁有。根據(jù)上文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”以及下文“Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup”可知，作者是穿著媽媽所做的裙子去了學(xué)校。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)我到達(dá)那里時(shí)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)