3結(jié)締組織課件

Secretoryportionacinus:

serousmucousseromucous(mixed)

demiluneGlandularcellMyoepithelialcell腺細(xì)胞分泌方式模式圖secretoryways:merocrineapocrineholocrineChapter3

connectivetissue劉凱Introduction

1.Concept:

actasconnection，supporting，nutrition，protection

2.Characteristics:

1.afewcellsandalotofextracellularmatrixwhichconsistsoffibersandgroundsubstance2.

nopolarity:internalenvironmenttissue3.morevarietiesanddistributingwidely4.originatefrommesenchyme:Mesenchyme

mesenchymalcell

+matrixstarshapedcell(withprocesses)，ovoidnucleuswithprominentnucleolusmultipotentialcellsDifferentiate:endothelialcells,smoothmusclecells,fibroblastandfatcell.3.ClassificationofCT:accordingtothegroundsubstance:

looseCT1.gelatinousmatrix:denseCTconnectivetissueproperadiposeTreticularT2.solidgelmatrix:cartilageandbone3.fluidmatrix:blood

1.Looseconnectivetissue

：moregroundsubstancewithlooselyarrangedcells

andfibers,areolartissue(蜂窩組織)

Distributewidely,7typesofcells3typesoffibers(1)Cells:

1.fibroblast

flattenedcellwithprocesses,flattenednucleus,palestaining,basophiliccytoplasm,EM:RER,freepolyribosomes,GolgicomplexFunction:synthesizecollagen,elastintoformfiberssynthesizeglycoproteinandproteoglycantoformgroundsubstancefibrocyte:restingfibroblast,smaller,acidophiliccytoplasm成纖維細(xì)胞和纖維細(xì)胞HE染色高倍

成纖維細(xì)胞（下）和纖維細(xì)胞（上）成纖維細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)線粒體粗面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)

2.plasmacell

structure:ovoidcell,roundandeccentricallyplacednucleus,

coarsehetero-chromatin(clock-faceappearance)prominentnucleolus,basophiliccytoplasmRER,freepolyribosomeGolgicomplex,Function:secreteantibody—immunoglobulinIg

漿細(xì)胞電鏡圖×102503.Macrophage(histocyte)structure:

differentshape,processes,smallnucleus–round/kidney,darkstaining,acidophiliccytoplasm,phagocytoticgranule(trypanblue)EM:microvillus

primary

lysosomes

phagosome

phagocyticvacuolessecondarylysosomesresidualbodymicrofilamentmicrotubule

巨噬細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)空泡溶酶體殘余體

functions:phagocytosis：chemotaxis,ameboidmovementchemotacticfactor(Specificandnonspicific)(2)presentantigenjoiningandregulatingimmunoresponse(3)secretion(lysozyme,interferon,interleukin,complement)巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬細(xì)菌4.mastcell

structure:

largecell,smallnucleus,metachromaticbasophilicgranules，

●

eosinophilchemotaxticfactor●

heparin

preventbloodcoagulation

●

histamine,leukotriene

stainedbytoluidineblue肥大細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)anaphylaxis(過敏):Firsttime:plasmacell→IgE+receptor(mastcell)→activatedconditionSecondtime:antigen-antibodycomplex–jointogether--releasing

histamineandleukotriene

→asthma(哮喘)orhives(蕁麻疹)antigencontact............................第一次抗原進(jìn)入抗體二次抗原進(jìn)入.........................................................................................................................anaphylaxis(過敏):ReceptorofIgE5.fatcell

structure:

round(polyhedral),largelipiddropletvesicle，flattennucleus

function:

synthesizeandstorefat

7.whitebloodcell:acidophil,neutrophilandlymphocyte6.undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell

structure:resemblefibroblast

function:differentiateintofibroblast,fatcell,smoothm.f.andendothelialcell

(2).FiberS

1.collagenousf

(whitef):

structure:

1~20μm

acidophilic,network

collagen---collagenousfibril(20--200nm),64nm→crossstriationfunction:flexibleandstronglyresistapullingforce

膠原纖維電鏡圖×150000

elasticfiber(yellowf):structure

：meshworkHE---lightpink，0.2~1.0μmcomposition:

homogeneouselastincoveredbymicrofibril

function:

elasticity3.reticularfiber:

structure:0.2~1.0μm,branchalot,meshwork，silverstain---argyrophilicfiber嗜銀纖維

composition:

collagenfibrilscoveredbyglycoprotein,PASpositive

（moreinlaminareticularishematopoieticorgans）

(3).groundsubstance

composition:proteoglycanandglycoprotein1.proteoglycan:

glycosaminoglycan:hyaluronicacid,chondroitinsulfateAandC,keratinsulfate,heparinsulfateanddermatinsulfateProtein:linkprotein,coreprotein2.glycoprotein:fibronectin,FN;laminin,LNchondronectin,ChN

(3).groundsubstance

hyaluronicacidlinkproteincoreproteinglycosaminoglycan

proteoglycansubunit

molecularsieve(分子篩)

Functionofgroundsubstance:supplyaplaceformaterialsexchangeactasbarriertopreventthebacteria,largemoleculesfromenteringcancercell

streptococcus

hyaluronidase

destroythe

barrier

動脈端靜脈端

tissuefluid毛細(xì)淋巴管

capillarytissuefluid:

suitableformaterialsexchangeedema,dehydration圖3-20組織液形成示意圖A.動脈V.靜脈Cap.毛細(xì)血管Lym.毛細(xì)淋巴管2.Denseconnectivetissue

structure:

bundlesofcollagenfibersarrangeddensely,smallamountofgroundsubstanceandcells.ClassificationofdenseC.T

1.regulardenseCT:tendon,ligamentfibroblast→tendoncell2.irregulardenseCT:dermisofskin,capsuleoforgan,scleraofeye,duramater3.elastictissue:ligamentnuchea項韌帶，ligament