Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語人教版

Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructures定語從句——關(guān)系副詞(where,when,

why,prep.+which/whom)假定你是惠州市某中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，得知2023年美國動會將于2023年7月27日至8月7日在美國紐約舉行。組委會正向全球招募志愿者，請根據(jù)以下要點，向運動組委會寫一封申請信。內(nèi)容包括：1.寫信目的；2.說明個人優(yōu)勢：精通英語，熱愛運動，有類似志愿經(jīng)歷;3.表達愿望。Review——定語從句1.當(dāng)定語成分由一個句子來充當(dāng)時，這個句子就叫定語從句，即用一個句子去修飾另一個句子中的某個名詞或代詞2.通常緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞后ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling3.定語從句的必備兩要素ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling①先行詞（名詞或代詞）②關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞that/which/who/whom/whose

關(guān)系副詞

when/where/why…）Wewentbackhomelastweekend.WearestudyingatShangmeiMiddleSchool.Wedon’twanttogooutsidebecauseitisfreezingoutside.Whatisadverbial狀語?lastweekendatShangmeiMiddleSchoolbecauseitisfreezingoutside時間狀語地點狀語原因狀語狀語只是修飾成分，與句子主干可以獨立開一、關(guān)系副詞的用法在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫_________。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫_______，定語從句一般放在先行詞的_____，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫做_______。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞包括：that,

which,

who,

whom,whose,as關(guān)系副詞包括：when,

where,

why

定語從句先行詞后面關(guān)系詞關(guān)系副詞指代在從句中作例句when1.Thetimewhen

Iarrivedwaslateatnight.where2.Themineswhere

Iworkedwere9kmfrommyhome.why3.ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasbecauseofmyhardwork.time時間狀語placereason地點狀語原因狀語作狀語，即從句成分齊全，不缺主，賓，表，定語。Itwas

atimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.小結(jié)1

when

引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞為表示時間的名詞

(time,

day,

year,

moment)，關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語。Itwasatime.Peopleweredividedgeographically_____________.關(guān)系副詞—

whenat

thetime小結(jié)

2

where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞為表示地點的名詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語。關(guān)系副詞—

whereThisisthefactory

wheretheyusedtowork.Thisisthefactory.Theyusedtowork___________.inthefactoryThisisthefactory

wheretheyusedtowork.where還可用在表示抽象意義的地點名詞后，如

situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,occasion等,意思是“到了某種地步,在某種境況中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepoint________boththeirparentsaretobecalledin.關(guān)系副詞—

wherewhere1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考題鏈接：做題要靈活：分析句子成分，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。Therearemanyreasons

whypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.小結(jié)

3

why

引導(dǎo)定語從句時，先行詞通常是reason,關(guān)系詞在從句中作原因狀語。Therearemanyreasons.peoplelearnaforeignlanguage_____________.關(guān)系副詞

—whyformanyreasonsI’llneverforgettheday______Ilivedinthemountains.Thisisthehouse_______hewasborn.Thisisthereason__________hewaslate.Thisisthehouse___________wassetupbyhisparents.I’llneverforgettheday__________Ispentinthemountains.Thisisthereason___________hetoldusforhisbeinglate.whenthat/whichwherewhythat/whichthat/which1.不能看到先行詞是時間、地點、原因名詞,

就用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，一定要分析從句缺什么成分，缺狀語用關(guān)系副詞，缺主賓定表用關(guān)系代詞注意Practice“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句二、Istillrememberthedaywhen

Icamehere.此句中when=on

which先行詞關(guān)系副詞作時間狀語Istillrememberthemorningwhen

Icamehere.=in

whichIcamehereontheday.Thisisthecitywhere

Iworkedinthepast.Iworkedinthecityinthepast.先行詞關(guān)系副詞作地點狀語此句中where=inwhichThisisthecitywhere

Iamgoingtotravel.此句中where=towhichTherearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.

why=for

which先行詞關(guān)系副詞作原因狀語peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.2.ThisistheiPad____whichIspent4000yuan.(in/on/at/without)1.Wevisitedthehouse____

whichafamouswriteroncelived.

(in/on/at/without)inon3.Thisismypairofglasses,_______which

Icannotseeclearly.

(in/on/at/without)withoutinthehousespend...on...這是我的眼鏡，沒有它我就看不清楚Heisthemaninwhomyoucanbelieve.1.看定語從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配。Hegavemesomebookswith

whichIamnotveryfamiliar.2.看介詞與先行詞搭配。Thisisourclassroominwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.The

farmonwhichmyfatherworksisfarfromthetown.如何判斷介詞?3.根據(jù)句意而定。Thesoldier,withoutwhomIwouldn'thavesurvivedtheearthquake,retiredlastweek.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時,如先行詞是物,關(guān)系代詞只能為

which。如先行詞是人,關(guān)系代詞只能為whom。1.Thatistheplace_____________they

metforthefirsttime.2.Chinaistheonlycountry_____________

wild

pandascanbefound.where/inwhichwhere/fromwhich3.I'llneverforgettheday_____________Ifirst

wenttoschool.when/onwhich4.I'vealwayslongedforthedays____________

Ishould

beabletobe

independent.when/inwhich5.Thereason________________

hewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.why/forwhich

Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句合并下列句子。Thisisthefactory

where

Iworkedtenyearsago.=ThisisthefactoryinwhichIworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisbeautiful.Westudyinthisschool.Theschool

where

westudyisbeautiful.=Theschool

inwhichwestudyisbeautiful.They’llneverforgetJuly1.HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1.They’llneverforgetJuly1

when

HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.They’llneverforgetJuly1

onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.Thedaysaregoneforever.Welivedtogetherhappilyduringthosedays.Thedays

when

welivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.=Thedays

duringwhichwelivedtogetherhappilyaregoneforever.Therearemanyreasons.Peopleliketravelingformanyreasons.Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.=Therearemanyreasons

forwhichpeopleliketraveling.

定語從句三步解體法：一、先找出主句；

二、確定先行詞三、判斷關(guān)系詞在從句中做的成分定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞指人指物that(主語/賓語/表語),which(主語/賓語),who(主語/賓語),whom(賓語),whose(定語)，as(主語/賓語/表語)that(主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語),whose(定語)where(地點狀語)when(時間狀語)why(原因狀語)Ps:關(guān)系詞在從句中做狀語時，連接詞有時可以用介詞+which/whom來替換關(guān)系副詞EXERCISE三、1.Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat________youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which2.Thebook________heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what3.Thecomputer________lastweekhasgonewrong.A.whichIboughtitB.IboughtC.whatIboughtD.Iboughtit4.Pleasegivemethereason______youwerelatethistime.A.thatB.whichC.whyD./DABCExercise1.Doyouexpecttovisitthemuseum__________isunderconstruction?2.Therestaurant_______Ihaveeatenawonderfulmealisgoingtoclosedown.3Thegirl_______graduatedfromCambridgeUniversityiscalledAmanda.4.Ilikethosebooks____________topicsareabouthistory.5.Therewasatime______mydaughterwascrazyaboutpopmusic.6.I'dliketotellyousomething_______mightmakeyousurprised.that/whichwherewho/thatwhenwhosethatExerciseDoyoustillrememberthefirstday______youwenttohighschool?2.Thisistheperson____________youshouldthankforhelpingyourson.3.Doyouknowtherealreason______Annedidn'tgototheget-together?4.Peterputhimselfinasituation_______hehadtoleavethecompany.5.Anystudent____________familyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.6.I’llneverforgetthemoment_______Istudiedintheclassroom.whenwho/whom/thatwhywherewhosewhenThisisthecollege________________Ivisited.Thisisthecollege________________Istudiedthreeyearsago.I’llneverforgettheday________________wespenttogether.I’llneverforgettheday___________Igotmarried.Thisisnotthereason

_____________

Iwanttolistento.Thisisthereason__________hegave.Thisisthereason___________Iloveyou