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山西省臨汾市陳村中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—Didyouseewhothedriverwas?
—No,soquickly_________thatIcouldn’tgetagoodlookathisface.
A.didthecarspeedby
B.thecarspedby
C.doesthecarspeedby
D.thecarspeedsby參考答案:A略2.--I’venothingonmeexceptonedollartodonate,I’mafraid.--Nevermind._________.Wereallyappreciateyourassistance.
A.Everylittlehelps
B.Themore,thebetter
C.It’sbettertogivethantoreceive
D.Nooneisperfect.參考答案:A3.—Irangyouuplastnight,butnobodyanswered.
—Oh,Iusually________offmyphoneatabout9:00p.m.A.switched B.haveswitched C.switch D.hadswitched參考答案:B4.
Asafamoussongwriter,wheninterviewedonTV,hesaid_______wasmoreimportantinhislifethansongwriting.
A.something
B.everything
C.anything
D.nothing參考答案:D5.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleave____thebackdoor.A.for
B.by
C.across
D.out參考答案:B解析:考出介詞by表示“通過(guò)”,for表示“目的”,across表示“橫穿”,out表示“在外面”。6.TheclimateinKunmingisquitepleasant,thetemperaturerarely,_____,reaching35℃insummer.A.
ifnot
B.
ifany
C.
ifever
D.
ifso參考答案:C7.RobertwenttoShanghaiinhis20s,______severalyearslater,hebecameamanager.A.when B.whereC.which D.who參考答案:B【詳解】考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。句意:羅伯特20多歲時(shí)去了上海,幾年后,他在那里成了一名經(jīng)理。此處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞指代先行詞Shanghai,并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞where,故B項(xiàng)正確,【點(diǎn)睛】解答定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)鍵分兩步:一是找準(zhǔn)先行詞,二是判斷先行詞在從句中所作成分,例如本題,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是Shanghai而不是his20s,從句中不缺主賓表,缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)這個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。8.______frightenedus______atigerturnedupsuddenlyinfrontofus.
A.
What;wasthat
B.What;was
C.It;thatwas
D.Itwas;that參考答案:A9.Recentresearchhas______thecausesofthemysteriousdiseasethathasclaimedthousandsoflives.A.castlighton
B.caughtholdof
C.madesenseof
D.laidstresson參考答案:A試題分析:考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A.castlighton使(問(wèn)題等)較容易理解;B.caughtholdof抓住;C.madesenseof弄清楚,明白;D.laidstresson重視,強(qiáng)調(diào)。最近的研究結(jié)果可以使人進(jìn)一步了解導(dǎo)致這種疾病的原因,根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A,表示一位研究人員是人們進(jìn)一步了解動(dòng)物死亡的奧秘。10.Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;they
justbequietpeople.
A.must
B.may
C.should
D.would參考答案:B.解析:考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法.前半句為”有些人不喜歡講很多話未必就是因?yàn)楹π?”后半句應(yīng)該為”他們可能是比較安靜的人.”11.Wewouldappreciateitifcustomersdon’t
toleavetheirsuggestionsandexpectationsforourproduct.A.hesitate
B.pretend
C.undertake
D.offer參考答案:A12.Wearelookingforateacher,especially_____withpatienceandimagination.A.it
B.one
C.that
D.theone參考答案:B【命題立意】考查代詞的用法。句意:我們?cè)趯ふ乙粋€(gè)老師,特別是一個(gè)有耐心和想象力的老師。題干前面是ateacher,后面代指其同類(lèi)的人,應(yīng)用one。故選B?!九e一反三】代詞one,it,that的用法區(qū)別代詞one,itthat的用法在歷屆高考題中出現(xiàn)的頻率較高,是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一。1)one,it,that常常用來(lái)代替或避免重復(fù)某個(gè)名詞。例如:①I(mǎi)'mlookingforaflat.I'dreallylikeonewithagarden.②-Wheredidyoufindyourwatch?
-Ifinditinourclassroom.③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountry.2)one可指人或物,只替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)用ones.One是泛指,但有限定修飾語(yǔ),如the,this,that…修飾就變成了特指。如:①Onemustdoone'sduty.
②MaryhasaredpencilandJanehasablueone.③Thenewdesignsaremuchbetterthantheoldones.3).that只指物,不指人,可替代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,具有“特指”性質(zhì)。指的是同類(lèi)事物中的另一樣?xùn)|西,即同類(lèi)異物。如:Thelibraryofourschoolisbiggerthanthatofyours.(that代替的是另一個(gè)圖書(shū)館。)4)one和that
在代替可數(shù)名詞時(shí),如果沒(méi)有前置定語(yǔ)只有后置定語(yǔ)時(shí),theone和that可互換。但該名詞如有前置定語(yǔ),則只能用theone,而不能用that。例如:①I(mǎi)willtaketheseatnexttotheone(=that)bythewindow.我就坐窗口的那個(gè)座位旁邊。②Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.(one不可用that替換)。5)That的復(fù)數(shù)形式those代替可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)??芍溉嘶蛭铮话愫竺娓揎椪Z(yǔ)。如:①Today'scellphonesaresmallerthanthose(=theones)usedinthepast.②Thestudentswhodobestinexamarenotalwaysthose(=theones)withthebestbrains.6)theone(ones)或that,those指代某一名詞做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞which在that之后,which不能省略,而在theone、ones之后,which可省略。如:①Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilartothatwhichtheyfacedmanyyearsago.7)代替不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用that。如:Theequipmentisdifferentfromthat.8)it代替上文所提到的名詞時(shí),是指同類(lèi)事物中的同一樣?xùn)|西,即同類(lèi)事物。如:Ihavelostmypen.I'mlookingforit.9)it和that可代替前面整個(gè)句子的意思,而one卻不能;that可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限定性定語(yǔ)從句,代替某個(gè)先行詞(單復(fù)數(shù)名詞均可),it和one則不能;it可代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句,用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),也可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,而one和that則不能。如:①-Iwillmakebedforyou.–Itisverykindofyou.②Jimsaidhehadreadmynovel.Butthatwasnotpossible.③Aclockisaninstrumentthattellstime.④ThestudentsthatsurftheInternetwillbepunishedbytheteacher.⑤Itisnicetoseeyouagain.⑥Itisnousecallingherup.⑦Ifounditimpossibleformetopassthetest.⑧ItwasIwhobrokeyourwindow.13.Incollege,SpringBreakisusuallyassociatedwiththebeach,partiesandsleeplessnights,_______aboutrelaxationandfreetime.A.bring
B.brought
C.bringing
D.tobring參考答案:C14.
Hesuggestedthatwe____theplanlater,whichsuggestedthathe____againstit.A.discuss;was
B.woulddiscuss;shouldbeC.discussed;was
D.shoulddiscuss;shouldbe參考答案:A15.Herdriver
fortheaccidenthadnotbeendrivingcarefully.A.blamed
B.beingblamed
C.tobeblamed
D.blaming參考答案:A
16.Nothingcanbemorefascinatingthanasmile,whichcanproducehopeineven______situations.A.embarrassing
B.confident
C.desperate
D.secure參考答案:C【考查方向】考查形容詞的用法。句意:沒(méi)有什么能比一個(gè)微笑更迷人,微笑讓人在絕望的情況下,可以產(chǎn)生希望。A.embarrassing使人尷尬的;B.confident自信的,確信的;C.desperate令人絕望的;D.secure安全的。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞hope和even判斷。故選C。
17.Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease
.A.them
B.those
C.it
D.that參考答案:C考查代詞it的用法。句意為“由于當(dāng)?shù)卣呐Γ蟪鞘欣锏木蜆I(yè)率持續(xù)升高?!眎t代指前面交代過(guò)的“theemploymentrate”,是單數(shù),而them和those是復(fù)數(shù)。二、新的題型18.Withseasonaltemperaturesbreakingrecordsalmosteveryyear,treespecies___41___(expect)toadapttothechangesbyslowlyshiftingtheirpopulationcentersnorthward.But___42___recentsurveyshowsthetrendtowardwestwardmovementiseven___43___(strong)thanexpected—insomecases,specieshaveshiftedtheirrangestowestbyasmuchas73percent.Thesurveyshowsthatroughlythree-quartersofthe86treespecies___44___(survey)haveshiftedtheirpopulationcenterswestward___45___1980.Obviously,treesaren’tuprooting___46___(them)andmovingelsewhere.Thesurveyprovidesinsightintogeneralpopulationtrendsasyoungtreescontinuetotakerootinwestwardland,whilesomeoftheolder___47___(plant)ofthespeciesintheeasternareasareslowlydyingout.Inthisway,thecenterofaspecies,rangecangraduallyshiftovertime.Thoughscientistsaren’tsure___48___iscausingthischange,thepublishersofthestudythinkthatit’sconnectedtorainfall.RainfalltotalsacrosstheUnitedStateshavechanged,___49___(cause)areassuchastheSoutheasttoexperiencesignificantlylessrainannually,whiletheGreatPlainsisgettingfarmorethanitshistoricalaverage.Forthisreason,mosttreesaremovingtowardthe___50___(increasing)wateryplains.參考答案:41.areexpected
42.a
43.stronger
44.surveyed
45.since
46.themselves
47.plants
48.what
49.causing
50.increasingly考查科普類(lèi)文章。本文主要講述由于季節(jié)性氣溫的變化,樹(shù)種也在向北轉(zhuǎn)移來(lái)適應(yīng)這些變化。調(diào)查顯示大約有3/4的樹(shù)種向西遷移,移到西部的小樹(shù)繼續(xù)生根而東部的古老植物卻在慢慢地滅絕。盡管科學(xué)家們不確定是什么導(dǎo)致了這一變化,但已出版的研究認(rèn)為它與降雨有關(guān)。41.areexpected考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子treespecies___1___(expect)toadapttothechanges可知,本句中的expect的賓語(yǔ)是treespecies,故本句中要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因?yàn)閑xpectsb/sth.todo…,而sth/sb.beexpected,故本空要填areexpected。42.a考查冠詞。句意:但最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示了….,分析句子可知,本空指的數(shù)量,“一”故填a.43.stronger考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)…iseven__3___(strong)thanexpected…可知,本空是作系動(dòng)詞is的表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)than,可知,要用比較級(jí),本空要填形容詞的比較級(jí)(stronger),故填stronger。44.surveyed考查非謂語(yǔ)。所做的調(diào)查顯示,大約86個(gè)被調(diào)查的樹(shù)木中有四分之三的樹(shù)種它們的中心移到了西部。分析句子可知,本句中的treespecies是被調(diào)查,所以要用過(guò)去分詞surveyed作后置定語(yǔ)。45.since
考查連詞。句意:調(diào)查顯示,自從1980,被調(diào)查的86個(gè)樹(shù)種中,大約有四分之三的樹(shù)種從西部移到了西部。本句中用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),可知連詞用since(自從)+過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填since.46.themselves考查反身代詞。句意:樹(shù)木本身不會(huì)把它們自己(themselves)拔出來(lái)移動(dòng)到別的地方。分析語(yǔ)境可知,樹(shù)木把它們自己(themselves)拔出來(lái),故填themselves47.plants考查名詞。句意:而東部地區(qū)的一些古老植物物種正在慢慢滅絕。根據(jù)someoftheolder…,可知應(yīng)該是植物的復(fù)數(shù)plants。故填plants.48.what考查名詞從句。分析句子Thoughscientistsaren’tsure___8___iscausingthischange可知,本句中sure后所帶的從句中缺少主語(yǔ)。缺少主語(yǔ)要用what。句意:盡管科學(xué)家們不確定是什么造成了這種變化,但研究者認(rèn)為這與降雨有關(guān)。故填what.49.causing考查非謂語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。句意:美國(guó)各地的降雨總量發(fā)生了變化,導(dǎo)致東南部等地區(qū)每年降水量顯著減少。由此可判斷,前面的降雨量的變化,自然而然地導(dǎo)致了東南部等地共降水量的減少,是可以推斷出的結(jié)果,要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的,故填causing.【名師點(diǎn)睛】非謂語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)1.分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),其動(dòng)作伴隨謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞而產(chǎn)生的是自然結(jié)果(前面可加thus)。例:Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.causing2.分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常常是可以預(yù)料的結(jié)果。例:Thepoliceopenedfire,killingtherobber.50.increasingly三、閱讀理解19.Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternal(外在的)resultoraproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.Theworkerwhogetsarise,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage—alltheseexamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts.Bycontrast(對(duì)照),theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sinceitisajourneyandnotthespecificsignposts(路標(biāo))orlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,buttheattitudes,feelingspeoplehave,andtheircautionorcourage,astheymeetwithnewexperiencesandunexpecteddifficulties.Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends;therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,tofacetheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisnecessaryforourabilitytogrow.Doweseeourselvesasquickandcurious?Ifso,wetendtotakemorechancesandbemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences.Dowethinkwe’reshyandindecisive(優(yōu)柔寡斷)?Thenoursenseoffearcancauseustohesitate,tomoveslowly,andwethinkweareslowtoadaptchangeorthatwe’renotsmartenoughtodealwithanewchallenge.Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall.Thesefeelingsofinsecurityandself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow.Ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenwestopgrowing.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.36.Intheauthor’seye,onewhoviewspersonalgrowthasaprocesswould____.A.s
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