湖南省湘潭市名民實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語摸底試卷含解析

湖南省湘潭市名民實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語摸底試卷含解析一、選擇題1.IcamecrossMr.Readonthesquaretheotherday.Wedidn’ttalkmuchbecausehe______tocatchthebus.A.hadrushed

B.hadbeenrushing

C.wasrushing

D.wouldrush參考答案：C【考查方向】考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意：幾天前，在廣場(chǎng)上我碰到李德先生。我們沒有談?wù)撎?因?yàn)樗羌庇谮s上公交車。根據(jù)語意和語境可知李德先生正在趕車，故選C。

2.

drewhisattention,hetoldme,waswhatshewasinside,notherappearance.A.What

B.That

C.Which

D.Who參考答案：A3.Iusedto______himregularlyforthreeyears,butlaterIlosttouchwithhim.

A.associatewith

B.fascinatewith

C.correspondwith

D.dealwith參考答案：C4.Asmostofyouseemconfused,nowI’mgoingtothe_____measures.A.content

B.abstract

C.

D.concrete參考答案：D5.Whythisexcellentnewspaperallowssuchanarticletobeprintedis_______me.【選自杭州學(xué)軍中學(xué)2012屆高三第二次月考】

A.above

B.outside

C.beside

D.beyond參考答案：d略6.—Whatamess!You’realwaysthrowingthingsabout.—Don’tbe____,Mum.Iwilltidyitupnow.A．hotunderthecollar

B．oncloudnineC．offthetopofyourhead

D．downinthedumps參考答案：A考查情景對(duì)話。句意：——真是一團(tuán)糟!你總是亂扔?xùn)|西?！?jiǎng)e發(fā)火，媽媽。我現(xiàn)在就把它整理好。根據(jù)情境，母親因?yàn)閮鹤觼y扔?xùn)|西而生氣，A.hotunderthecollar發(fā)怒的；

B.oncloudnine非常高興；C.offthetopofyourhead在你的頭頂上；D.downinthedumps垂頭喪氣，故選A。7.--YoudoaverygoodjobinGermantranslation!

--Thanks.I______GermaninZhejiangUniversityforfouryears!A.wasstudying

B.study

C.studied

D.hadstudied參考答案：C8.Thebrochureguidesyou

thewholeprocessofbuyingahouse.

A.through

B.across

C.over

D.past參考答案：A9.Intheirdrivinglesson,theylearnedatrafficrulethatatnotime

beparkedinamannerwhichwillblockemergencyservice．A．a(chǎn)nyvehiclewould

B．couldanyvehicleC．a(chǎn)nyvehicleshould

D．shallanyvehicle參考答案：D10.Theyarestillverycautiousabout________sideeffectthenewmedicinewillbringabout,althoughtheexpertshavetrieditonabout2000patients. A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what參考答案：D11.In

accident,morethan100peoplewerekilled,nottospeakof

dying.

A．the;the

B．a(chǎn)n;the

C．the;a

D．a(chǎn)n;不填參考答案：A略12.______everybodyknowsaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.

A.For

B.Even

C.Since

D.However參考答案：C略13.Don’tcallmeattheoffice______itisnecessary.A.before

B.unless

C.although

D.till參考答案：B【知識(shí)拓展】條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞常用引導(dǎo)詞：if,unless,as/solongas只要,onlyif只要,providing/providedthat假如,supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthat。條件狀語從句的基本用法1、用if引導(dǎo)：if意為“如果”。例句：Ifyoucheatintheexamyou’llnevergetawaywithit.考試作弊必予追究。2、用unless引導(dǎo)：unless的意思是“如果不”“除非”。例句：Unlessyougoatonceyouwillbelate.如果你不馬上走，就會(huì)遲到的。3、用as

longas引導(dǎo)：as

longas的意思是“如果”“只要”。例句：I’llrememberthatdayaslongasIlive.只要我活著，我就不會(huì)忘記那個(gè)日子。4、用incase引導(dǎo)：incase用連詞引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)，其意為“如果”“萬一”。例句：IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.萬一我忘記，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐乙幌隆?、條件狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)主句為將來時(shí)態(tài)或含有將來意義時(shí)，條件狀語從句習(xí)慣上要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時(shí)態(tài)。例句：Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Butifitrainstomorrow,I’llstayathome.不知道明天是否會(huì)下雨，但要是下雨的話，我就呆在家里。句中的第一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句(if=是否)，從句謂語用將來時(shí)態(tài)表示將來意義;第二個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句(if=如果)，從句謂語要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義。14.Mostoftheaudiencewonderedwhatideaamanwho’sdeaffrombirthcanhave_____music.

A.with

B.in

C.of

D.at參考答案：C略15.30．Thechildrenlooklighthearted

thefinalexamisover．

A．nowthat

B．a(chǎn)sfaras

C．uptill

D．eventhough參考答案：A略16.Isthereanybreakingnews?Howshameless!TheJapanesegovernment______nationalizeourDiaoyuIslands!A.should

B.shall

C.must

D.dare參考答案：A17.Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakit

intoparts.

A．down

B．up

C．off

D．out參考答案：A

解析：此題考查了動(dòng)詞短語。注意break與不同的介詞或副詞搭配，意思不同。breakdown的意思為“停頓、分解、中止、垮掉”；breakup的意思為“打碎、變壞”等；breakoff的意思為“中斷、斷絕、解除”；breakout的意思為“爆發(fā)”。根據(jù)句子的意思：為了理解句子中的語法，你必須把句子分解成為幾個(gè)部分。故正確答案為A。二、新的題型18.Waitinginlineisapestofmodernsociety.AccordingtoDavidAndrews’sbook,WhyDoestheOtherLineAlwaysMoveFaster?,itwasn’tcommonuntiltheIndustrialRevolutionsynchronized(同步)workers’schedules,causinglinesthatrunoutoflunchhoursandevenings.GiventhatAmericansareestimatedtocollectivelywastetensofbillionsofhoursayearinlines,it’snowonderthatsomepeopletrytocut,andothersbitterlyresentthem.Yetjumpingthequeuewithoutinvitingviolenceispossible.Belowaresometips,courtesyofsocialscience.First,picktherightqueue.It’svirtuallyimpossibletocutinlineforaonce-in-a-lifetimeevent—theCubsplayingtheWorldSeries,say.Butinarepeatingsituationlikeasecurityline,peoplearemorelikelytoletyouin,perhapsbecausetheyanticipateneedingasimilarfavorsomeday.Usinggametheorytodeterminewhatconditionswouldmakeline-cuttingsociallypermissible,researchersfoundthatpeoplequeuingjustoncedisplaylittletoleranceforline-cutting.Butwhenthequeuerepeats,peopleletinintruderswhoclaimanurgentneedorwhorequireminimalservicetime.Anexcuseforcuttinghelps,butitneedn’tbebulletproof.Inonemuch-citedstudy,experimenterstriedtojumpphotocopierqueuesusingoneofthreeexplanations.Asmall,politerequestwithoutjustification—“Excuseme,Ihavefivepages.MayIusetheXeroxmachine?”—enabledthemtocut60percentofthetime.Addingthattheywererushedallowedthemtocut94percentofthetime.And“MayIusetheXeroxmachine,becauseIneedtomakecopies?”wasalmostaseffective,despiteitslameoffer.Bribing(賄賂)canalsowork,anditmaynotevencostyou.Inonestudy,queuerswereofferedcashbyanundercoverresearcherifthey’dlettheresearchercut.Amajorityagreed,butoddly,mostofthemthenrefusedthecash.Theyappreciatedtheoffernotoutofgreed,butbecauseitprovedtheintruder’sdesperation.Keepinmindthattoleranceforline-cuttingvariesacrosscultures.OnesurveyofforeignerslivinginSpainrevealedmanydifferencesinqueuingrules.AnIrishrespondentsaidindignantly,“Theysay‘Ijustwanttoaskaquickquestion’andgorightuptothecounter…I’mreadytoexplode.”AGermansubjectangrilydescribedafellowsupermarketshopper:“Awomanwalkedrightinfrontofmeandputherthingsonthecounter.Shesays‘No[it’s]okay,we’retogether,pointingtotheotherwomanwhohadjustfinishedpaying…ItseemsthatinSpainthat’sallowed.Incredible.”BackinAmerica,theworstsinofline-cuttingispretendingyou’renotdoingit.Likemembersofanycommunity,queuerswanttheircustomsobserved.We’dallescapeline-waitingifwecould,butthatwaychaoslies.Soifyoumustcut,justask—nicely.Doingsostrengthensthesocialcontract,anditworks.Briefintroductiontowaitinginline*WiththeriseoftheIndustrialRevolution,cuttinginlinegrewin___71___.*Itis

___72___thatAmericans’attitudestowardsline-cuttingvaryfrompersontopersoninviewofwastingaconsiderableamountoftimeayearinlines.Tipsoncuttinginlinepolitely*Giventhattheyarelikelytobeinyour___73___someday,queuersprobablyallowyoutojumpthequeueinrepeatingsituations.*Accordingtogametheory,theactionofline-cuttingcannotbe___74___whenpeoplequeuejustonce.*Whenyouassumeanairof___75___,youwillhaveagreaterpossibilityofbeingallowedtocutinline.*Actuallyqueuersallowyoutocutinlinenotduetoyourbribingbutyour___76___.___77___distinctionsintoleranceforline-cutting*Line-cuttingmeetswitha(n)___78___responsefromtheIrishandtheGerman,whiletheSpanishseemtoreact

___79___.*Americansstrongly

___80___toitwhenqueue-jumperspretendtheyarenotdoingit.參考答案：71.popularity/currency

72.understandable/acceptable

73.shoes/position/situation

74.tolerated

75.hurry/rush/emergency

76.desperation/despair

77.Cultural

78.angry

79.differently/otherwise

80.object這是一篇說明文。作者就如何禮貌地插隊(duì)，提出了一些可行的建議?！?1題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第一段“itwasn’tcommonuntiltheIndustrialRevolutionsynchronized(同步)workers’schedules,causinglinesthatrunoutoflunchhoursandevenings.GiventhatAmericansareestimatedtocollectivelywastetensofbillionsofhoursayearinlines,it’snowonderthatsomepeopletrytocut,..”可知，直到工業(yè)革命統(tǒng)一了工人的工作時(shí)間，排隊(duì)才變得常見。排隊(duì)浪費(fèi)了午餐時(shí)間和晚上時(shí)間。據(jù)估計(jì)，美國人每年浪費(fèi)在排隊(duì)上的時(shí)間總計(jì)達(dá)數(shù)百億小時(shí)，難怪有些人試圖插隊(duì)。所以隨著工業(yè)革命的發(fā)展，排隊(duì)流行了起來，同時(shí)插隊(duì)也流行了起來。所以通過“common”，可以判斷出填popularity/currency。故填popularity/currency?！?2題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第一段“Yetjumpingthequeuewithoutinvitingviolenceispossible”可知，然而，不強(qiáng)行插隊(duì)也是可能的。所以鑒于美國人每年要浪費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間在排隊(duì)上，所以美國人對(duì)待插隊(duì)的態(tài)度因人而異。他們認(rèn)為插隊(duì)是可以接受的。所以通過“possible”，可以判斷出填understandable/acceptable。故填understandable/acceptable?！?3題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“peoplearemorelikelytoletyouin,perhapsbecausetheyanticipateneedingasimilarfavorsomeday.”可知，人們更可能讓你插隊(duì)，也許是因?yàn)樗麄冾A(yù)計(jì)有一天會(huì)需要類似的幫助。所以如果他們處在你的境地來思考，他們可能讓你插隊(duì)。所以通過“asimilarfavor”可以判讀出填shoes。beinone’sshoes

這個(gè)習(xí)語表示“處于某人的境地或處境來設(shè)想”故填shoes/position/situation?！?4題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“Usinggametheorytodeterminewhatconditionswouldmakeline-cuttingsociallypermissible,researchersfoundthatpeoplequeuingjustoncedisplaylittletoleranceforline-cutting.”可知，研究人員利用博弈論來確定什么條件會(huì)讓插隊(duì)成為社會(huì)允許的行為，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅僅排隊(duì)一次的人對(duì)插隊(duì)的容忍度很低。所以根據(jù)博弈論，僅僅排隊(duì)一次的人對(duì)插隊(duì)是不能容忍的。所以根據(jù)“tolerance”?？梢耘袛喑鎏顃olerated。故填tolerated?！?5題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“Butwhenthequeuerepeats,peopleletinintruderswhoclaimanurgentneedorwhorequireminimalservicetime.”可知，但是當(dāng)排隊(duì)一直在持續(xù)時(shí)，人們會(huì)讓聲稱有緊急需求或需要最少服務(wù)時(shí)間的插隊(duì)者插隊(duì)。所以當(dāng)你裝出一副匆忙的樣子時(shí)，你被允許插隊(duì)的可能性會(huì)更大。所以通過“urgentneed，minimalservicetime”可以判讀出填hurry/rush/emergency。故填hurry/rush/emergency?！?6題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第四段“Theyappreciatedtheoffernotoutofgreed,butbecauseitprovedtheintruder’sdesperation.可知，他們讓你插隊(duì)，不是因?yàn)樗麄兊呢澙?，而是因?yàn)椴尻?duì)證明了插隊(duì)者的絕望，他們看到了這種絕望。所以事實(shí)上，排隊(duì)者允許你插隊(duì)不是因?yàn)槟愕馁V賂，而是因?yàn)槟愕慕^望。所以本句屬于“desperation”的再現(xiàn)。故填desperation/despair?！?7題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“Keepinmindthattoleranceforline-cuttingvariesacrosscultures”可知，請(qǐng)記住，不同文化對(duì)插隊(duì)的容忍度各不相同。所以小題2在說文化的差異。所以通過“culture”可以判斷填cultural。故填Cultural?！?8題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“AnIrishrespondentsaidindignantlyAGermansubjectangrilydescribedafellowsupermarketshopper:

”可知，一位愛爾蘭受訪者憤怒地說。一位德國人憤怒地描述一位超市購物者。所以插隊(duì)遭到了愛爾蘭人和德國人的憤怒回應(yīng)。所以通過“indignantly，angrily”可以判斷出填angry。故填angry。【79題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“ItseemsthatinSpainthat’sallowed.Incredible.”可知，在西班牙，這似乎是允許的。令人難以置信的。所有在對(duì)比西班牙人和愛爾蘭人、德國人對(duì)于插隊(duì)的反應(yīng)。西班牙人的反應(yīng)截然不同。故填differently/otherwise。【80題詳解】考查提取信息的能力。由最后段“BackinAmerica,theworstsinofline-cuttingispretendingyou’renotdoingit.”可知，在美國，插隊(duì)最大的罪惡就是假裝你沒有插隊(duì)。所以通過“theworstsin”可以看出，美國人非常反對(duì)插隊(duì)。objectto“反對(duì)”為固定短語。故填object。三、閱讀理解19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthemodern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmustbereversed.WhatcantheWest’soverlyindebtedandsluggish(經(jīng)濟(jì)滯長的)nationslearnfromaflourishingAsia?Justafewdecadesago,Asia’stwogiantswerestagnating(停滯不前)underfaultyeconomicideologies.However,onceChinabeganembracingfree-marketreformsinthe1980s,followedbyIndiainthe1990s,bothcountriesachievedrapidgrowth.Crucially,astheyopeneduptheirmarkets,theybalancedmarketeconomywithsensiblegovernmentdirection.AstheIndianeconomistAmartyaSenhaswiselysaid,“Theinvisiblehandofthemarkethasoftenreliedheavilyonthevisiblehandofgovernment.”ContrastthismiddlepathwithAmericaandEurope,whichhaveeachgoneideologicallyover-boardintheirownways.Sincethe1980s,AmericahasbeenincreasinglyclingingtotheideologyofuncontrolledfreemarketsanddismissingtheroleofgovernmentfollowingRonaldRegan’sideathat“governmentisnotthesolutiontoourproblem;governmentistheproblem.“Ofcourse,whenthemarketscamecrashingdownin2007,itwasdecisivegovernmentinterventionthatsavedtheday.Despitethisfact,manyAmericansarestillstronglyopposedto“biggovernment.”IfAmericanscouldonlyfreethemselvesfromtheirantigovernmentdoctrine（學(xué)說，見解）,theywouldbegintoseethattheAmerica’sproblemsarenotinsoluble.Afewsensiblefederalmeasurescouldputthecountrybackontherightpath.Asimpleconsumptiontaxof,say,5%wouldsignificantlyreducethecountry’shugegovernmentdeficit（赤字）withoutdamagingproductivity.AsmallgasolinetaxwouldhelpfreeAmericafromitsdependenceonoilimportsandcreatemotivationsforgreenenergydevelopment.Inthesameway,asignificantreductionofwastefulagriculturalsubsidiescouldalsolowerthedeficit.Butinordertotakeadvantageofthesecommon-sensesolutions,Americanswillhavetoputasidetheirownattachmenttotheideaofsmallergovernmentandlessregulation.AmericanpoliticianswillhavetodevelopthecouragetofollowwhatistaughtinallAmericanpublic-policyschools:thattherearegoodtaxesandbadtaxes.Asiancountrieshaveembracedthiswisdom,andhavebuiltsoundlong-termfiscal(財(cái)政的)policiesasaresult.Meanwhile,Europehasfallenprey（被捕食的動(dòng)物）toadifferentideologicaltrap:thebeliefthatEuropeangovernmentswouldalwayshaveinfiniteresourcesandcouldcontinueborrowingasiftherewerenotomorrow.UnliketheAmericans,whofeltthatthemarketsknewbest,theEuropeansfailedtoexpecthowthemarketswouldreacttotheirendless