行知行業(yè)英語(yǔ)-鐵路T6

6TrackGetReadyReading

VocabularyWritingSpeakingListeningTopic6NewWords&ExpressionsText

1Beforeyoureadthepassage,talkaboutthesequestions.1Whataresomedifferentkindsofsleepers?2Whataresomedifferentmeasurementsofarailroadtrack?GetReadyTopic6TrackTopic6HeyAJ,Weneedtodoalotofworkonthetracks.Thetiesarestartingtowearout.①wouldliketoreplacethemwithconcrete

sleepers.Iknowthosecanbeexpensive,though.Ifthat’sthecase,usehardwoodcoatedwithpreservative.Andevenifsoftwoodtiesarecheap,wecan’tusethem.They’rejusttooweak.②

Nomatterwhatkindweget,spacethenewtiesclosertogetherthantheoldones.Insomeplaces,thetiesdon’tneedreplacement.Butthosetiesshouldbesecuredagain.Thegaugeofthetrackshouldnotchange.Pleasegettoworkonthisasquicklyaspossible.Thanks,AlanFrom:ascriven@To:abarcelo@Date:25MarchSubject:TrackSection923.2-950.5Topic6Track發(fā)件人：ascriven@收件人：abarcelo@日期：3月25日郵件主題：軌道區(qū)段：923.2-950.5AJ，你好，我們需要對(duì)軌道做許多工作。軌枕已開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)磨損，我想換成混凝土軌枕，但是我知道混凝土軌枕很貴。如果太貴的話，就選用涂有防腐劑的硬木。雖然軟木軌枕價(jià)格低廉，但我們也不能用，因?yàn)檐浤镜睦喂绦蕴睢o(wú)論我們最終選用哪種軌枕，新軌枕之間的間隔必須小于舊軌枕。有些地方不需要更換軌枕，但需要再次加固。鋼軌的軌距不要改變。請(qǐng)盡快開(kāi)始施工作業(yè)。謝謝！艾倫第6章軌道LanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences1.Iwouldliketoreplacethemwith

concretesleepers.我想將它們換成混凝土軌枕。

replace…with…將……更換成e.g.

Theydecidetoreplacegeneralrailwaylineswithhigh-speedones.

他們決定將普鐵線路更換為高鐵線路。

Withagradualplan,

thecurrentsoftwoodtiesinservicearegoingtobe

replacedwithconcretesleepers.

現(xiàn)在使用的軟木軌枕將逐漸被混凝土軌枕代替。Topic6TrackLanguagePoints1ExplanationofDifficultSentences2.Nomatterwhatkindweget,spacethenewtiesclosertogetherthantheoldones.無(wú)論我們最終選用哪種軌枕，新軌枕之間的間隔必須小于舊軌枕。nomatterwhat…..無(wú)論……e.g.

Nomatterwhatdifficultywemayencounter,wewillfinishthejobontime.

無(wú)論遇到什么困難，我們都將按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。

Heisalwaystryingtodothebest,

no

matter

what

thesituationis.無(wú)論什么時(shí)候他都努力做到最好。Topic6TrackLanguagePointstie

n.[C]

Atieisaplankmadeofwood,concreteorothermaterialthatbracesandsupportsarailroadtrack.軌枕sleepern.[C]Asleeperisaplankmadeofwood,concrete,orothermaterialthatbracesandsupportsarailroadtrack.軌枕e.g.Traditionallyrailroadtiesaremadeof

wood,but

concrete

isnowalsowidelyused.

傳統(tǒng)上鐵路軌枕是木制的，但現(xiàn)在混凝土也被廣泛使用。

Tiestransferloadstothe

trackballastandsubgrade,holdtherailsuprightandhelptokeepthecorrect

gauge.

軌枕將重力負(fù)荷傳遞給軌道道渣和路基，保持軌道垂直，有助于保持正確的軌距。Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointsconcreten.[U]

Concreteisahardsubstance,madefromamixtureofwater,sand,andaggregates,thatisusedinconstruction.混凝土e.g.

The

path

is

paved

with

concrete

slabs.

這條路是用混凝土板鋪成的。

Concreteisthemostcommonlyusedman-madeconstructionmaterialintheworld.混凝土是世界上最常用的人造建筑材料。Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointshardwoodn.[U]Hardwoodisdensewoodfromabroad-leavedtree.硬木softwoodn.[U]

Softwoodiswoodfromtreessuchasapine.Itischeapertoproduceandcanbecuteasily.軟木e.g.

Peopleprefertousehardwoodassleepers.

人們更喜歡用硬木做枕木。

Softwoodistooweaktobesleepers.軟木的牢固性太差，不能當(dāng)枕木。Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointsPreservativen.[C]

Apreservativeisasubstancethatpreventswoodfromrotting.防腐劑e.g.

Salt

startedout

more

than

5,000

years

ago

as

a

simple

preservative.

早在5,000多年前鹽就作為一種簡(jiǎn)單的防腐劑開(kāi)始應(yīng)用。Peopleprefertobuyfoodthatcontainsno

artificialpreservatives.

人們更喜歡買不含人造防腐劑的食品Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointsspacevt.

Tospaceitemsistodesignatehowfarapartfromeachothertheywillbe.隔開(kāi)e.g.

Spacethepostsaboutameterapart.

這些桿子之間要間隔一米左右。arowofcloselyspaceddots

一行排列緊密的小點(diǎn)

Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointssecurevt.

Tosecuresomethingistofastenitinplacesothatitdoesnotmove.加固e.g.Shesecuredtheropefirmlytothebackofthecar.

她把繩子牢牢地拴在車后面。

Johnsecuredtheboatfirmlytothejetty.

約翰把小船牢牢系泊在碼頭。Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointsgaugen.[C]

Agaugeisthedistancebetweentworailsofatrack.軌距e.g.standardgauge

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)矩（在英國(guó)為56.5英寸）

anarrowgaugerailway窄軌鐵路

Thenewly-builttrackhasadifferentgaugefromtheformerone.

這條新建軌道的軌距和以前的不一樣。

Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackLanguagePointstrackn.[C]

Atrackisarailwhichguidesatrainandallowsittorun.軌道e.g.Theconstructionofthenewtrackisfinishedaheadofschedule.

新軌道的修建工作提前完成了。

Topic6importantwordsandphrasesTrackReading

2Readtheemail.Then,choosethecorrectanswers.1Whatisthepurposeoftheemail?Atogiveinstructionsonreplacingpartsofatrack.Btolistaconstructionscheduleforasectionoftrack.Ctowarnanemployeeaboutthesafetyhazardsonatrack.Dtoexplaintheresultsofatrackinspection.2

WhichofthefollowingisNOTinstructed?

Adonotusesoftwoodties.Bspacethetiesclosertogether.Csecureoldtiesagain.Dincreasethegaugeofthetrack.Topic6Reading

2Readtheemail.Then,choosethecorrectanswers.3

Whatwillmostlikelybedoneifconcretesleepersaretooexpensive?

Athesleeperswillbereplacedwithhardwoodsleepers.

B

thetrackwillcontinuetobeusedwitholdsleepersinplace.

C

thetrackwillbeputoutofuse.

D

thegaugeofthetrackwillbechanged.Topic6Vocabulary

3Matchthewords(1-6)withthedefinitions

(A-F).Topic61

gauge

4___space2___preservative5___softwood3___secure6

___sleeperAtoholdsomethinginplaceBaplankthatbracesandsupportsarailroadtrackClumberfromaconifertreeDthedistancebetweentworailsonatrackEtodesignatethedistancebetweenitemsFasubstancethatprotectswoodsleepersDFEACBVocabulary

4Readthesentencepairs.Choosewhichwordbestfitseachblank.Topic61hardwood/concreteA.Sleepersmadeof___________donotneedtobetreatedwithpreservative.B._____________tiesaremadefromthewoodofbroad-leavedtrees.2tie/trackA.A______canbemadeofwoodorconcrete.B.A_________issupportedbysleepers.concreteHardwoodtietrack

5

5Listenandreadtheemailagain.Whatpartsofthetrackneedtobereplaced?Thesoftwoodtiesneedtobereplacedwithhardwoodorconcreteties.Insomeplacesthetiesneedtobesecuredagain.Topic6VocabularyListening

6Listentoaconversationbetweentworailroadmanagers.Markthefollowingstatementsastrue(T)orfalse(F).1___Thewomanwantstousesoftwoodsleepers.2___Thecompanycannotaffordconcreteties.3___Themanpreferslong-lastingtiestoeasilyinstalledties.FFTTopic6Manager1:Weneedtoorderthe1___________

forthenewtrackbeingbuilt.Manager2:Okay.Doyouknowwhat2___________?Manager1:Prettymuch.Westillneedtodecidewhatkindof3___________touse.Manager2:Okay.Idon’tthinkweshouldorder4___________.Manager1:5

.They’dneverstanduptotheweatherhere.Manager2:Yeah.Dowehaveenoughmoneyfor6___________________?Manager1:Yes,butthey’llbemuchhardertoinstall.Manager2:That’strue.Butthey’lllastforalongtime.That’smoreimportant.Listening

7Listenagainandcompletetheconversation.Topic6suppliestoorderIagreesleeperssoftwood

concretetiesListening

7AudioscriptManager1(F):Weneedtoorderthesuppliesforthenewtrackbeingbuilt.Manager2(M):Okay.Doyouknowwhattoorder?Manager1:Prettymuch.Westillneedtodecidewhatkindofsleeperstouse.Manager2:Okay.Idon’tthinkweshouldordersoftwood.Manager1:Iagree.They’dneverstanduptotheweatherhere.Manager2:Yeah.Dowehaveenoughmoneyforconcreteties?Manager1:Yes,butthey’llbemuchhardertoinstall.Manager2:That’strue.Butthey’lllastforalongtime.That’smoreimportant.Topic6Speaking

8Withapartner,actouttherolesbelowbasedonTask7.Then,switchroles.USELANGUAGESUCHAS:Weneedto…Doyouknow…Iagree…?StudentA:Youaremanagingtheconstructionofarailroadtrack.TalktoStudentBabout:?whatsuppliesneedtobeordered?thebenefitsanddrawbacksofdifferentkindsofsleepers?whatyourecommendStudentB:Youaremanagingtheconstructionofarailroadtrack.TalktoStudentAaboutwhatkindoftiestoorder.Topic6A:Weneedtoorderthesuppliesforthenewtrackbeingbuilt.B:Okay.Doyouknowwhattoorder?A:Prettymuch.Westillneedtodecidewhatkindofsleeperstous