英語（二）2024年1月“九省聯(lián)考”考后提升卷（解析版）

第第頁2024年1月“九省聯(lián)考”考后提升卷（二）高三英語（考試時(shí)間：150分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。(共5小題:每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A．Thebikeprice. B．Abikerace. C．Theman’sbike.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Wow!Yourdaddidagreatjob!Hemadetheoldestbikeintownlooknew．Peoplemaythinkyourbikeismoreexpensivethanmine.M:Youknowitgoesfasterthanyourbikenow.W:Idon’tthinkso．Let’sraceandsee.2．Whyhasthewomanmovedtheboy’sseat?A．Hetalkstoomuch. B．Hehastroubleinlistening. C．Shewantstoseehimbetter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Mrs．Sophie?Whyhasmyseatbeenmovedtothefrontrow?Everyoneelseissittingintheiroriginalseats.W:Ifyouchoosetotalkinclassinsteadoflistening,yourseatwillbemovedclosertomesoIcanseeyoubetter.3．Whendidthemangethisniece’scall?A．At6:05. B．At6:00. C．At5:45.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Maria,Ineedtomeetmynieceattherailwaystationat6:20．Shecalledmeaquarterago．Ijusthadanemergencymeeting.W:Oh,it’s6:00now．20minutetogo.M:Thatisenough.4．Whatdoesthemanthinkismostneededtosucceed?A．Effort. B．Luck. C．Talent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Robert,whichdoyouthinkyouneedmoreof,luck,talentorefforttosucceedinthearts?M:Inmyopinion,youneedtheopportunitytosucceedandnoteveryonegetstherightopportunityevenifthey’rereallytalentedanddevoted.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Athome. B．Inashop. C．Inarestaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Nowyoucanbegintakingtheplatestothecustomers．Well,don’tcarrytoomanyplates．Youmaydropthem.W:Oh,Iwon’t．I’veneverdroppedplatesinmylife.M:Youcan’tbetoocareful.W:Well,I’lltrymybest.第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘:聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A．Workatahotel. B．Repairhishouse. C．Teachacourse.7．Howwillthemanusethemoney?A．Tohireagardener. B．Tobuysomeflowers. C．Tobuybooks.【答案】6．A7．C【解析】【原文】M:GuesswhatI’llbedoingthissummer?W:What?M:I’mgoingtoworkattheChurchillHotel.W:Whatexactlywillyoubedoingthere?M:Let’ssee．I’llbedoingsomesmallrepairsinsideandoutsidethehotel．I’llbecuttinggrassandtakingcareoftheflowers.W:Soundsinteresting．What’sthepay?M:Well,uh..．a(chǎn)bouttwentydollarsperhour,fivehoursaday,andSundayfree.W:That’sgoodmoney．Whatareyougoingtodowithit?M:I’llpayforthetextbooksfornextsemester.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatisthewomanrecommendingtotheman?A．Abook. B．Aclub. C．Acourse.9．Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A．TheBeautifulMind. B．TheKiteRunner. C．TheGreatGatsby.10．Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A．Abouttwoweeks. B．Aboutthreeweeks. C．Aboutonemonth.【答案】8．B9．B10．A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,John?CanItalktoyouforaminute?M:Sure．What’sup?W:IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedmonthsago．Iknowyoudoalotofreading,soIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:Oh!Thatsoundslikefun．Whendoesthegroupmeet?W:UsuallythelastSaturdayofthemonth,at7:30intheevening．Isthattoolateforyou?M:No,Ithinkthat’sokay．Whatdoyoutalkaboutinthegroup?W:Well．Everymonthwechooseanewbook,andthenduringthenextmeetingwediscussit.M:Whatbookshaveyouread?W:Quitealot．RecentlywehavereadTheBeautifulMindandTheGreatGatsby．NowwearereadingTheKiteRunner.M:TheKiteRunner?I’veheardthat’sagoodbook．What’sitabout?W:It’sabouttwoboyswhogrowupinAfghanistaninthe1980sandhowtheirfriendshipshapestherestoftheirlives.M:Thatsoundsinteresting．I’dlovetocome.W:Great!Thenextmeetingwillbeheldinhalfamonth,soyoustillhavetimetoreadthebook.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Howdidthemanlearnabouttheapartment?A．Inthenewspaper. B．Fromhisfriend. C．ThroughtheInternet.12．Whatiscoveredintherent?A．Gas. B．Electricity. C．Water.13．Whencanthemanmovein?A．OnThursday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSaturday.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam．MyfriendsawtheinformationinthenewspaperthatyoumighthaveaspareapartmentandtoldmeonFriday.W:Yes,Ihaveaspareapartmentforrent.M:WoulditbeOKtolookatitnow?W:OK．Comeinplease.M:Emm…Thisapartmentlooksniceandquitenew．Thelivingroomisreallylarge.W:It’sfortysquaremeters.M:HowmuchshouldIpay?W:$800amonth.M:Whatareincluded?W:Onlygasisincluded．Youhavetopayfortheelectricityandwater.M:Er,canyoucutdownalittle?I’vesearchedalotontheInternet,andtherewasn’tsomuchhighrent.W:Asyoucansee,theapartmenthasrecentlybeenredecoratedandcompletelyfurnished.M:Well,that’sit．WhencanImovein?W:Letmesee．TodayisWednesday．Inthreedaysifyoulike.M:That’sgreat.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whydidthewomanfailtocatchthebus?A．Shewaslate. B．Thebusleftearlierthanusual. C．Shewantedtowalkhome.15．Whatisthemanworriedabout?A．Thewoman’ssafety. B．Thepublictransportation. C．Thedangerousneighborhood.16．Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A．Buyacar. B．Callthenewspaper. C．Complaintothelocalgovernment.【答案】14．B15．A16．C【解析】【原文】M:Whydidyougethomesolate,Enya?Iwasworriedsick!W:Ihadeverythingtimedperfectly．Isatinthecoffeeshop,waitingforBus35．Itissupposedtoleaveat4:45sharp．ItakeiteverydayatthattimebecauseitarrivesattheWaterlooStationjustintimeformetocatchBus15.M:Andyoulosttrackoftime,didn’tyou?W:No,Ken,notthistime．Iwasatthebusstopontime,andIwaspickingupmybagandgettingtomyfeetat4:35．Iwastwofeetfromthebuswhenitsuddenlyleft!M:Tenminutesearly?W:Yes．So,Ihadtowaitthirtyminutesforthenextbus．Bythen,therewerenomorebusesleavingfromWaterloo.M:Howdidyougethere,then?W:Iwalked．Canyouimagine—me,ayoungwoman,walkinginthedarkforanhourbyalone?M:Andinthisneighborhood!Nexttime,pleasecallme．Thatwassodangerous.W:Iknow．I’mluckytobealive．What’swrongwiththepublictransportationinthiscity?Don’ttheycareaboutpeoplewhocan’taffordcars?M:Weshouldwritealettertoourlocalofficials.W:Andthenewspaper!聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Coolingfans. B．Airconditioning. C．Roomdesign.18．Whichcountrymighthaveinventedthefirstcoolingdevice?A．Egypt. B．Rome. C．China.19．Whichcoolingmethodhasthelongesthistory?A．Wetplants. B．Coldwater. C．Handfans.20．Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Aradioprogramme. B．Aculturemagazine. C．Ahistorybook.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．A【解析】【原文】Thedesiretostaycoolis,ofcourse,nothingnew.TheancientEgyptiansandRomansemployedvarioustechniquestocooldowntheirbuildingsfromtheoutsideheat．SomepeoplehaveevenclaimedthatthefirstairconditioningdevicewasinventedinancientEgypt．TheancientEgyptianswouldhangwetplantsoutsidetheirwindows,andwhentheaircameintothehouse,itwouldbecooledbythecoolwaterdropsontheplants.TheRomansunderstoodthatiftheycouldbringcoldwaterundertheirhouses,thenthetemperatureinsidewouldfall．Andifwereallystretchthemeaningofthephrase“airconditioning”,thenhandfanshavebeenusedsincetheverybeginningofthehistory．Peoplerealizedthattheycouldmoveairbywavingsomethinganditwouldcoolthemdownforawhile.TheChineseinventorDingHuanwentastepfurtherinthesecondcenturyandinventedafanthatcouldgoaround,similartofanswemightseetoday,althoughitwaspoweredbyservants.That’sallfortoday．Pleasestaytunedformoreupdates.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APUBLICSPEAKINGINSTRUCTOR:Dr．EliseMorrisonOBJECTIVES:PublicSpeakingisdesignedtoimproveyourunderstandingofthecommunicationprocessandtodevelopyourskillsasapublicspeakerandasacriticofpublicspeech．ASSIGNMENTS:Throughoutthecourseyouwilldeliverfourpreparedspeechesofincreasinglengthandcomplexity．Youwillprepareoutlinesforeachspeech．Youwillalsowritetwoshortpapersthatanalyzevariousaspectsoforalpresentationandrhetoric．Speaking:

SpeechofIntroduction:Introduceyourselfin2minutes．Thegoalisforyouraudiencetorememberyournameandlearnsomethingaboutyou．SpeechtoTeach:The4-minutespeechwillteachusaboutanideaorhowtodosomething．Theemphasisisonorganizationaswellasonestablishingcommongroundandcredibility．SpeechtoInitiateanAction:Youhave6minutestopersuadetheaudiencetotakeaspecificaction．Thefocusisonmotivationandfollow-through．SpeechtoChangeanAttitude:Youhave8-10minutestochangeyouraudience’sattitudesonatopicthatyouwillhavepre-testedforagreement/disagreement．Theemphasisisonargumentation,credibility,andpersuasion．Interviews:Youwillreceivein-classcoachingonhowtopersuasivelycommunicateyourskillsinajobinterview．Written:RhetoricalAnalysisofaFamousSpeech:Writeanessaythatanalyzestherhetoricalstrategiesusedinafamousspeechofyourchoosing．Self-Assessment/CourseEvaluation:Thepurposeofthisassignmentistoassessyourworkinthecourseandthecourseitself．GRADINGOralPresentationsandWrittenComponents

90%SpeechofIntroduction(5%)SpeechtoTeach(10%)RhetoricalAnalysisofFamousSpeech(20%)SpeechtoInitiateanAction(20%)

Outline(10%)

Speech(10%)SpeechtoChangeanAttitude(30%)

Outline(15%)

Speech(15%)Self-evaluation(5%)ClassParticipation

10%21．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Aspeechannouncement. B．Alessondesign.C．Anacademicarticle. D．Acourseguide.22．Whichspeechfocusesonthestructure?A．SpeechtoTeach. B．SpeechofIntroduction.C．SpeechtoInitiateanAction. D．SpeechtoChangeanAttitude.23．Howmuchdoeswrittenworkaccountfor?A．15%. B．25%. C．30%. D．35%.【答案】21．D22．A23．B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了“公共演講”這門課程的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，包括概念、類型以及評(píng)估方式等等。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹公共演講的課程目標(biāo)和作業(yè)，屬于課程指南性質(zhì)，因此文章很可能來自課程指南。故選D。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“SpeechtoTeach”中的“The4-minutespeechwillteachusaboutanideaorhowtodosomething．Theemphasisisonorganizationaswellasonestablishingcommongroundandcredibility.(4分鐘的演講將教會(huì)我們一個(gè)想法或如何做某事。重點(diǎn)在于組織以及建立共同基礎(chǔ)和信譽(yù)。)”可知，“SpeechtoTeach”強(qiáng)調(diào)組織和建立共同點(diǎn)和可信度，也就是說重點(diǎn)在于結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Written:RhetoricalAnalysisofaFamousSpeech:Writeanessaythatanalyzestherhetoricalstrategiesusedinafamousspeechofyourchoosing.(一篇著名演講的修辭分析：寫一篇文章，分析你選擇的一篇著名演講中使用的修辭策略。)”以及“Self-Assessment/CourseEvaluation:Thepurposeofthisassignmentistoassessyourworkinthecourseandthecourseitself.(自我評(píng)估/課程評(píng)估：這項(xiàng)作業(yè)的目的是評(píng)估你在課程中的工作和課程本身。)”可知，這兩項(xiàng)是書面任務(wù)；再根據(jù)“RhetoricalAnalysisofFamousSpeech(20%)(著名演講修辭分析(20%))”和“Self-evaluation(5%)(自我評(píng)價(jià)(5%))”可知，這兩項(xiàng)書面任務(wù)占比為20%+5%=25%。故選B。BDuringherchildhoodsummerholidays,Elizabeth,hermotherandlittlebrotherwouldmaketheshorttripfromGlasgowtoLochLomondtorentaboat,packitwithcampingsuppliesandheadfortheislands．Thetripsbecameatradition.However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．Theyounggirl’sworldbecameabouthelpinghermother．At18,shefoundherselfanxiousandunsureofwhattodonext．Itwasatthatpointthatshewasencouragedtoapplyfora19-dayresidentialcoursewithOutwardBound,anon-profitorganization,whichpridesitselfonuprootingyoungstersfromtheirhomecomfortsandgivingfundtothoselikeElizabethfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.Fouryearson,Elizabethoweswhosheistodaytothecourse．Itwassotransformativethatshewastrainingtobecomeanoutdoorinstructorherself．“Ilearntmoreaboutmyselfinthose19daysthanIhadinmyentirelife．Whenyou’reataloss,youfeelquitedelicate．Youlearntobondandtrustquitequickly,”sherecalls．Thencamethemomentdescribedasoneofthebestofherlife．ThegrouphadbeenaskedtoclimbBenNevisbutwhentheywereclosetothesummit,theyrealizedtheyhadnotleftenoughtimeandhadtoturnback．Thenextdaytheyreturnedandcompletedit．“ClimbingBenNevistwiceintwodays,that’snotsomethingIeverwouldhavethoughtIwascapableofdoingatthestartofthecourse．ItiswhatIhavesufferedthatmakesmefacethedifficultiesbravely.”shesaid.Tobecomeaninstructor,Elizabethwasgainingqualificationsinclimbing,skiing,andmountainleadership,aswellasstudyingforadiplomaincounseling．Shewantstotakehermother,whoislosinghereyesight,campingagain．“IhopethatbeforethathappensIwillbeabletotakeheroutandshowherthethingsthatIgettosee.”shesaid.24．WhydidElizabethnolongercontinuethetraditionofsummercamping?A．Hermotherwasinbadcondition. B．Campingsupplieswerelacking.C．Shehadtobeoccupiedwithherstudy. D．Sheturnedherinterestintoclimbing.25．WhatimpactdidthecoursehaveonElizabeth?A．Itprovidedenoughhomecomfortsforher. B．Itcontributedtohergrowth.C．Itenhancedheroutdoorsurvivalskills. D．Ittaughthertoattendtopatients.26．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesElizabeth?A．Ambitiousandtalented. B．Humorousandqualified.C．Caringanddetermined. D．Responsibleanddemanding.27．WhatcanbelearntfromElizabeth’sstory?A．Wellbegunishalfdone. B．Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C．Practicemakesperfect. D．Hardshipmakesonestronger.【答案】24．A25．B26．C27．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Elizabeth照顧生病的母親，為了成為一名戶外教練堅(jiān)持努力學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練的勵(lì)志故事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母親身體不適。隨著13歲的伊麗莎白成為英國(guó)各地年輕的照顧者之一，她全天候負(fù)責(zé)父母的健康問題，任何關(guān)于夏季露營(yíng)旅行的想法都逐漸消失了。)”可知，伊麗莎白不再延續(xù)夏令營(yíng)的傳統(tǒng)是因?yàn)樗哪赣H身體狀況不佳。故選A。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fouryearson,Elizabethoweswhosheistodaytothecourse．Itwassotransformativethatshewastrainingtobecomeanoutdoorinstructorherself．(四年過去了，伊麗莎白的今天歸功于這門課程。這是如此巨大的變革，以至于為了成為一名戶外教練的培訓(xùn)，她自己也在接受培訓(xùn)。)”可知，伊麗莎白能有今天的一切，是歸功于這門課程，由此可知，這門課程有助于伊麗莎白的成長(zhǎng)，故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母親身體不適。隨著13歲的伊麗莎白成為英國(guó)各地年輕的照顧者之一，她全天候負(fù)責(zé)父母的健康問題，任何關(guān)于夏季露營(yíng)旅行的想法都逐漸消失了。)”可知，她照顧生病的母親，由此可知，她很關(guān)心他人，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““ClimbingBenNevistwiceintwodays,that’snotsomethingIeverwouldhavethoughtIwascapableofdoingatthestartofthecourse．ItiswhatIhavesufferedthatmakesmefacethedifficultiesbravely.”shesaid.(“在兩天內(nèi)兩次攀登本尼維斯山，在課程開始的時(shí)候，我從未想過自己能做到這一點(diǎn)。正是我所遭受的一切，使我勇敢地面對(duì)困難?！彼f。)”可知，她在兩天內(nèi)兩次攀登本尼維斯山，勇敢面對(duì)困難，堅(jiān)持不懈，由此可推知，她很有決心，故選C。27．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中“However,hermotherbecameunwell．Anythoughtofsummercampingtripsdisappearedgradually,asElizabeth,aged.13,becameoneoftheyoungcarersacrossBritainwithround-the-clockresponsibilityforherparent’swelfare．(然而，她的母親身體不適。隨著13歲的伊麗莎白成為英國(guó)各地年輕的照顧者之一，她全天候負(fù)責(zé)父母的健康問題，任何關(guān)于夏季露營(yíng)旅行的想法都逐漸消失了。)”可知，文章講述了Elizabeth照顧生病的母親，為了成為一名戶外教練堅(jiān)持努力學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練的勵(lì)志故事。她雖然面對(duì)很多困難但是她沒有放棄，勇敢面對(duì)，最終成為一名戶外教練，由此可推知，從她的故事中可以得知，艱難困苦使人更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選D。CCommercialairlinesalonecontributearound3%oftotalglobalcarbonemissions．Buttheindustryisactivelylookingforgreensolutionsintheformofsustainablejetfuel,andinonecase,thatfuelmayhavehadapreviouslifeasyourhouseholdfoodwaste．InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.Biomass(生物質(zhì)),suchasmanure(糞便)andfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobio-fuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter．DerekVardon,aseniorresearchengineerattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory(NREL),saysthattheirfuelworkedasamixtureof90%conventionalpetroljetfueland10%alternativejetfuelrequiredbytheindustrycurrently．Theyalsoshowtheycouldpushittoa70/30mixture,whichwillbepossibleinrealworldwithmoretimeandtesting.Majorairlinecompaniesareeagertogetinvolvedinsustainableaviationfuelbecausesomesustainablesolutions,suchasbattery-operatedcommercialplanes,justaren’tpossibleyetwithcurrentbatterytechnology．Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.Vardonsaysthatbecausethewetwasteusedintheprocesswouldnormallygotoalandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng))andbreakdowntoreleasegreenhousegases,theprocessofmakingandusingsustainableaviationfuelcouldactuallyhaveanegativecarbonfootprintwhenscaledup.Commercialairlinesareonboardtofindanaffordableandsustainablesolutiontothecarbon-intensiveprocessofairtravel．Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50%.28．Whichofthefollowingisusedforsustainableairlinepower?A．Fossilfuel. B．Liquidfuel. C．Batterypower. D．Biomass.29．Whyarecommercialplanesstillfuel-powered?A．Fuel-poweredplanesarelikelytotravellighterandfarther.B．Biofuelisenvironmentallyfriendlyandsustainable.C．It’sconvenienttocreatetheproperfuelmixture.D．Biofuelproveslesscostlyandeasiertoproduce.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onboard”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．takingoff. B．holdingameeting.C．participatingin. D．a(chǎn)ppearingonstage.31．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AlternativeEnergytoFossilFuel.B．HowtoGetFossilFuelSustainable.C．ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel.D．HowtoDecreaseCarbonDioxideEmissions.【答案】28．D29．A30．C31．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)航空燃料。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.”（本周發(fā)表在《美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊》上的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員詳細(xì)介紹了一種將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可用于現(xiàn)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的可持續(xù)航空燃料的方法。）和第二段關(guān)鍵句“Biomass(生物質(zhì)),suchasmanure(糞便)andfoodwaste,canbetransformedintobio-fuels,whicharerenewableliquidfuelsmadefromorganicmatter.”（生物質(zhì)，如糞肥和食物垃圾，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為生物燃料，這是由有機(jī)物制成的可再生液體燃料。）可知，生物質(zhì)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為生物燃料，可用于現(xiàn)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的可持續(xù)航空燃料，由此可知，生物質(zhì)可用于可持續(xù)的航空動(dòng)力。故選D項(xiàng)。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Abattery-poweredplanewouldbetooheavytoflylongdistances,sofuelthatworksinthesamewayasthefuelwehaveisasimplerwaytotradeoutemission-heavyfossilfuels.”（電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的飛機(jī)太重了，無法長(zhǎng)途飛行，因此與我們現(xiàn)有的燃料工作方式相同的燃料是一種更簡(jiǎn)單的方式來替代排放量大的化石燃料。）可知，商用飛機(jī)仍以化石燃料驅(qū)動(dòng)，因?yàn)殡姵仳?qū)動(dòng)的飛機(jī)太重了，無法長(zhǎng)途飛行，由此可知，商用飛機(jī)仍以化石燃料驅(qū)動(dòng)是因?yàn)榛剂向?qū)動(dòng)的飛機(jī)可能會(huì)飛得更輕、更遠(yuǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。30．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第畫線短語下文“Airlinesarelookingtohitaggressivesustainabilitygoalsby2050,includingdecreasingnetcarbondioxideemissionsby50%.”（航空公司希望在2050年前實(shí)現(xiàn)積極的可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)，包括將二氧化碳凈排放量減少50%。）可知，航空公司也在努力減少二氧化碳排放量，實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)，由此可知，商業(yè)航空公司也參與到了尋找可持續(xù)的解決方案中，“participatingin”意為“參與”，能夠表達(dá)畫線短語在句中所要表達(dá)的意思。故選C項(xiàng)。31．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段關(guān)鍵句“InastudyreleasedthisweekintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersdetailamethodoftransformingfoodwasteintosustainablejetfuelthatcanbeusedinexistingengines.”（本周發(fā)表在《美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊》上的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員詳細(xì)介紹了一種將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可用于現(xiàn)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的可持續(xù)航空燃料的方法。）可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)航空燃料，“ChangingFoodWasteintoAirplaneFuel”意為“將食物垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為飛機(jī)燃料”，選項(xiàng)能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。D“Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.”—LaoTzu．Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.Imagineaplacewhereyoucan’ttalk,telephone,read,writeoraccesstheInternet．Boredomcansoonturnintopleasureasthebrain,fromastateofchaos,findspeace．TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe“threepoles”．Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.Scientificstudieshaveshownussomethinginteresting．Whenmicearemadetolistentosilencefortwohoursadayforthreedays,braincellsinthehippocampus(thepartofthebrainresponsibleforlearningandmemory)increaseinnumber．Dr．GerdKemperman,leadingauthorofthepaper,suggeststhatsilencecausestheproductionofmorebraincellstoincreasealertness(警覺)andreadinessfor“futurecognitive(認(rèn)知的)challenges”.Inhumans,listeningtoslowmusichasbeenshowntoreducebloodpressure,heartrateandbreathingrate．Addingtwominutesofsilencetothemusiclowersbloodpressureandbreathingevenfurther.“Silenceisgolden,”butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?“Ifoundsolitary(單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁)themostforbiddingaspectofprisonlife．Therewasnoendandnobeginning;therewasonlyone’smind,whichcouldbegintoplaytricks,”saidNelsonMandela,reflectingonhis27yearsinprison.Asilentmindcanbeunbearable—andcanevendriveyouovertheedge．InoneexperimentfromHarvardandtheUniversityofVirginia,someparticipantsweresoopposedtoa15-minutesilencethattheychosetoself-administeranelectricshocktoescapethesilence.Whensilenceislinkedtoloneliness,yourphysicalhealthmayalsosuffer．Lonelinesshasbeenshowntobeassociatedwitha29percentincreaseinriskofheartdiseaseanda32percentincreaseinthedisease—stroke.There’sanothertypeofsilencethatis“killinggoodpeople”accordingtoPrinceWilliam．It’snotthelackofauditory(聽覺的)inputtoyourears;it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自殺).32．What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Toproveanopinion. B．Tointroduceatopic.C．Topresentanexample. D．Togiveadefinition.33．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningErlingKagge?A．Toproveeveryoneneedssilence.B．Togiveusanexampletolearnfrom.C．Toindicatesilenceworkstoouradvantage.D．Toshowhumanscankeepthingsinperspectiveinsilence.34．Whycansilencealsobedeadlytosomeextent?A．Asilentmindcancausepeopletofight.B．Alonelymindwithsilenceleadstomostheartdiseases.C．Toomuchsilencecanmakepeoplephysicallyunbearable.D．Ahelplessstateofmindinsilencecanincreasethetendencyofsuicide.35．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectofsilence?A．Negative. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.【答案】32．B22．B34．D35．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處和壞處。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“‘Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.’—LaoTzu．Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(‘沉默是力量的源泉?！献?。當(dāng)我們停止用聲音轟炸身體時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)看到對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸的好處。)”可知，第一段提出沉默對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸有好處，接著第二、三、四段具體從探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge、科學(xué)研究、聽音樂等方面講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處。由此可推測(cè)出，第一段主要是為了引出主題。故選B。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe‘threepoles’．Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.(探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge在到達(dá)‘三極’的漫長(zhǎng)旅程中經(jīng)歷了很多沉默。通過將世界拒之門外，他學(xué)會(huì)了更清晰地看待世界，并開啟新的思維方式。)”可知，探險(xiǎn)家ErlingKagge從沉默中學(xué)會(huì)了更清晰地看待世界和新的思維方式；由此可推測(cè)出，作者提到ErlingKagge是為了給讀者一個(gè)從中學(xué)習(xí)的例子。故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自殺)(當(dāng)你焦慮或難以應(yīng)對(duì)時(shí)，你會(huì)說不出來，這是自殺的主要原因)”可知，當(dāng)人處于焦慮或難以應(yīng)對(duì)的情況時(shí)，無法宣泄出來是導(dǎo)致自殺的主要原因。由此可推測(cè)出，沉默中無助的心態(tài)會(huì)增加自殺傾向。故選D。35．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中的“Whenwestopbombarding(轟擊)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(當(dāng)我們停止用聲音轟炸身體時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)看到對(duì)大腦、血壓和呼吸的好處。)”和第五段中的“‘Silenceisgolden,’butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?(‘沉默是金’，但當(dāng)涉及到你的健康時(shí)，沉默也會(huì)致命嗎？)”可知，本文主要講述了沉默對(duì)身心的好處和壞處，并沒有發(fā)表作者個(gè)人的偏好。由此可推測(cè)出，作者對(duì)沉默的影響持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Yogahasawell-deservedreputationforhelpingimprovebalanceandflexibilityandforinducingcalmandrelaxation．36Whileyoumightnotburnasmanycaloriesbypracticingyogaasyouwouldbyrunningordoingsomeotherhigh-intensityactivities,yogacanstillraiseyourheartrateandhelpbuildmuscle．Here’smoreabouthowyogaisacompletebodyandmindworkout.●Reducestressandreducepounds．Yogahelpsdealwithstress．37Yogahasanimpactonthebody’sstressresponseandreducestheproductionofchemicalslinkedtoweightgain,suchascortisol(皮質(zhì)醇),astresshormone.●Movewellandeatwell．38Participantsinvolvedinyogapracticerealizethattheytendtonoticenotonlytheamountoffoodtheyeat,butalsowhattypeoffoodstheyeatandtheimpactofeatingthosefoods．Theybecomeawareoftheeffectofcertainfoodsontheirbodiesduringtheiryogapractice.●39Doingyogalongtermnotonlycanhelppeopleloseweightbutalsocanstrengthencognitiveskillstohelpkeepitoff．Amultiyearstudyexaminesthepossibilityofyogamaintainingweightloss．Itsfindingssuggestthatyogamayhelptoimprovelong-termweightlossoutcomesviaimprovementsindistresstolerance,self-compassionandamorepositivemood.Yogaisaveryreasonableformofexercise,butyouhavetochoosetherighttype．A2021studyfoundnodifferenceinweightlosstotalsforparticipantspracticingagentle,restorativeyogaversusamorevigoroustypeofyoga．40Everybodycanbenefitfromayogapractice.A．Makeweightlosslast.B．Learnaboutcognitiveskills.C．Studiesshowthathighlevelsofcortisolcanleadtoanincreaseinfat.D．Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthatdoingyogadoesraisecortisollevels.E．Yogahelpsbreakolddietaryhabitsandrelatedunconsciouspatternsofbehavior.F．Actually,thebestyogaisthepracticethatfitsforyou—theoneyou’llcommitto.G．Butasforweightloss,manypeopleassumeothertypesofexercisewillbenefitmore.【答案】36．G37．C38．E39．A40．F【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了瑜伽的作用和如何選擇適合自己的瑜伽類型。36．上文“Yogahasawell-deservedreputationforhelpingimprovebalanceandflexibilityandforinducingcalmandrelaxation.(瑜伽在幫助改善平衡和靈活性、誘導(dǎo)平靜和放松方面享有實(shí)至名歸的聲譽(yù))”介紹了瑜伽的好處，但下文“Whileyoumightnotburnasmanycaloriesbypracticingyogaasyouwouldbyrunningordoingsomeotherhigh-intens