四川大學(xué)期末考試試題B卷閉卷

課程名稱(chēng)：任課教師：學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：本題NUMPAGES8頁(yè)，本頁(yè)為第8頁(yè)教務(wù)處試題編號(hào)：注：試題字跡務(wù)必清晰，書(shū)寫(xiě)工整。本題NUMPAGES8頁(yè)，本頁(yè)為第1頁(yè)教務(wù)處試題編號(hào)：四川大學(xué)期末考試試題B卷（閉卷）（2005—2006學(xué)年第1學(xué)期）課程號(hào)：31108740課序號(hào)：0,1課程名稱(chēng)：現(xiàn)代軟件工程任課教師：劉東權(quán)洪玫適用專(zhuān)業(yè)：軟件工程適用年級(jí)：2003級(jí)學(xué)生人數(shù):176印題份數(shù)：180學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：考試須知四川大學(xué)學(xué)生參加由學(xué)校組織或由學(xué)校承辦的各級(jí)各類(lèi)考試，必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行《四川大學(xué)考試工作管理辦法》和《四川大學(xué)考場(chǎng)規(guī)則》。有考試違紀(jì)作弊行為的，一律按照《四川大學(xué)學(xué)生考試違紀(jì)作弊處罰條例》進(jìn)行處理。四川大學(xué)各級(jí)各類(lèi)考試的監(jiān)考人員，必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行《四川大學(xué)考試工作管理辦法》、《四川大學(xué)考場(chǎng)規(guī)則》和《四川大學(xué)監(jiān)考人員職責(zé)》。有違反學(xué)校有關(guān)規(guī)定的，嚴(yán)格按照《四川大學(xué)教學(xué)事故認(rèn)定及處理辦法》進(jìn)行處理。題號(hào)一二三四五六七八九十考勤實(shí)驗(yàn)期中期末總分得分考試時(shí)間年月日閱卷教師簽名Multiplechoice(Onlyoneiscorrect):(20*2%=40%)Approximatelywhichactivitylistedbelowwillconsumetheleastamountoftimeinaproject?（C）AanalysisBdesignCcodingDtestingThefirststepinprojectplanningisto（A）AdeterminesoftwarescopeBselectprojectteamleaderCdeterminethebudgetDdeterminetheprocessmodelWhichfactorsareimportantwhenchoosingaprojectteamleader?（A）AmanagerialidentityBoutstandingprogrammingabilityCproblemsolvingabilityDabilityofcommunicatingtootherpeopleTheimportanceofsoftwaredesigncanbesummarizedinasingleword:（D）AaccuracyBcomplexityCefficiencyDqualityCohesionisaqualitativeindicationofthedegreetowhichamodule（D）AcanbewrittenmorecompactlyBisconnectedtoothermodulesandtheoutsideworldCisabletocompleteitsfunctioninatimelymannerDfocusesonjustonethingNotationsfordepictingproceduraldetailinclude（C）AboxdiagramBERdiagramCflowchartDdecisiontableThebestreasonforusingindependentsoftwaretestteamsisthat（C）AsoftwaredevelopersdonotneedtodoanytestingBtestersdonotgetinvolvedwiththeprojectuntiltestingbeginsCstrangerswilltestthesoftwaremercilesslyDtheconflictsofinterestbetweendevelopersandtestersisreducedWhichofthefollowingitemsisnotthesoftwareengineeringlayers?（A）A.ProgrammingB.qualityC.MethodsD.ToolsWhatarethethreegenericphasesofsoftwareengineering?（A）A.definition,development,supportB.what,how,whereC.programming,debugging,maintenanceD.analysis,design,testingTheWater-Fallprocessmodelofsoftwaredevelopmentis（A）Areasonableapproachwhenrequirementsarewelldefined.Agoodapproachwhenaworkingprogramisrequiredquickly.Thebestapproachtouseforprojectswithlargedevelopmentteams.Anoldfashionedmodelthatisrarelyusedanymore.Ifcustomerscannotdefinerequirementsclearly,thedevelopershoulduse（B）TheWater-FallmodelTheprototypingmodelTheV-cyclemodelAnymodelTherearethreeimportantriskswhichwemustfocusonthemcarefully.Theyare（B）businessrisks,personnelrisks,budgetrisksprojectrisks,technicalrisks,businessrisksplanningrisks,technicalrisks,personnelrisksmanagementrisks,technicalrisks,designrisksKeyconceptofqualitycontrolisthatallworkproducts（C）aredeliveredontimeandunderbudgethavecompletedocumentationhavemeasurablespecificationsforprocessoutputsarethoroughlytestedbeforedeliverytothecustomerWhattaskisnotperformedaspartofsoftwarerequirementsanalysis?（C）evaluationandsynthesismodelingandproblemrecognitionplanningandschedulingspecificationandreviewTheentityrelationshipdiagram（A）depictsrelationshipsbetweendataobjectsdepictsfunctionsthattransformthedataflowindicateshowdataaretransformedbythesystemindicatessystemreactionstoexternaleventsWhichofthefollowingisnotanareaofconcerninthedesignmodel?（D）architecturedatainterfacesprojectscopeWhichoffollowingisacharacteristicofagooddesign?（B）exhibitsstrongcouplingbetweenitsmodulesimplementsallrequirementsintheanalysismodelincludestestcasesforallcomponentsincorporatessourcecodefordescriptivepurposesSoftwarereliabilityproblemscanalmostalwaysbetracedto（B）errorsinrequirementsgatheringerrorsindesignandimplementationhumanerrorerrorsinoperationWhichofthefollowingneedtobeassessedduringunittesting?（C）algorithmicperformancecodestabilityexecutionanderrorhandlingalloftheaboveWhichofthefollowingisanapproachtodebugging?（D）backtrackingbruteforcecauseeliminationalloftheaboveTrueorfalse.(10*2%=20%)Softwareisaproductandcanbemanufacturedusingthesametechnologiesusedforotherengineeringartifacts.（F）Customers,end-users,practitioners,projectmanagersandsalespeopleareallconsideredasplayersinthesoftwareprocess.（T）Agoodsoftwareisflexible,soitcaneasilyaccommodatechangesbroughtupwiththerequirementchange.（T）Weshouldconsidertheimplementationviewfirstduringsoftwarerequirementsanalysis.（F）Everycomputer-basedsystemcanbemodeledasaninformationtransformusinganinput-processing-outputtemplate.（T）Testcasesshouldbedesignedlongbeforetestingbegins.（T）Recoverytestingisasystemtestthatforcesthesoftwaretofailinavarietyofwaysandverifiesthatsoftwareisabletocontinueexecutionwithoutinterruption.（F）Addingmorepeopletoaprojectthatisalreadybehindscheduleisagoodwaytocatchup.（F）Changecannotbeeasilyaccommodatedinmostsoftwaresystems,unlessasystemwasdesignedwithchangeinmind.（T）Aconsiderationofsoftwarescopemustincludeanevaluationofallexternalinterfaces.（T）Shortanswer:(4*5%=20%)Whataremaincontentsinaprojectplan?ANSWER：項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃的主要內(nèi)容包括項(xiàng)目概述，項(xiàng)目范圍和任務(wù)，項(xiàng)目組織機(jī)構(gòu)和職責(zé)分工，項(xiàng)目任務(wù)分解，項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度計(jì)劃，項(xiàng)目提交物，項(xiàng)目驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，項(xiàng)目相關(guān)各項(xiàng)子計(jì)劃，包括質(zhì)量管理計(jì)劃，配置管理計(jì)劃，軟件開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃，測(cè)試計(jì)劃，驗(yàn)收計(jì)劃，評(píng)審計(jì)劃等。Pleasedescribethedifferencesbetweentheverificationandvalidation?ANSWER：驗(yàn)證測(cè)試是對(duì)產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能的正確性進(jìn)行測(cè)試，驗(yàn)證實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能是否正確。而確認(rèn)測(cè)試是對(duì)產(chǎn)品是否實(shí)現(xiàn)了需求所定義的功能的測(cè)試，確認(rèn)是否實(shí)現(xiàn)了功能。Whatarethecharacteristicsoftestablesoftware?ANSWER：可測(cè)試軟件是指軟件在測(cè)試時(shí)可操作，可觀察，可控制，可分解，簡(jiǎn)單化，穩(wěn)定性，可理解。WhatistheSQA?Describeitsroleinsoftwaredevelopment.ANSWER：軟件質(zhì)量保障，是軟件開(kāi)發(fā)的重要工作，SQA主要通過(guò)軟件測(cè)試來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，保證軟件提交的質(zhì)量，涉及到軟件工程方法學(xué)，正式的技術(shù)評(píng)審，軟件度量，軟件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和過(guò)程，軟件配置管理和軟件測(cè)試等。Pleasegiveexplanationsonwhyrequirementselicitationissodifficult.ANSWER：需求分析的困難在于：作為用戶(hù)，缺乏計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)知識(shí)，不了解計(jì)算機(jī)能做什么，不能清楚地描述需求；作為設(shè)計(jì)者，不完全了解用戶(hù)的業(yè)務(wù)，不知道用戶(hù)的業(yè)務(wù)需求是什么。Answerthefollowingquestionsindetail:(2*10%=20%)Asa