高考英語閱讀理解高頻詞匯超詳細梳理（科技類）素材

高考英語閱讀理解高頻詞匯超詳細梳理（科技類）單詞知識解析1.vanish(v.)音標：/?v?n??/中文釋義：消失，不見了，絕跡例句：Thescientistwatchedasthechemicalvanishedinapuffofsmoke.(科學家看著化學物質在一縷煙霧中消失。)同義詞：disappear,fadeaway反義詞：appear,emerge搭配：vanishintothinair(消失得無影無蹤)2.digital(adj.)音標：/?d?d??tl/中文釋義：數(shù)字的，數(shù)碼的，電子的例句：Manypeoplenowreadbooksondigitaldevicesinsteadofpaper.(現(xiàn)在許多人用數(shù)字設備而不是紙質書籍來讀書。)同義詞：electronic,computerized反義詞：analog搭配：digitaltechnology(數(shù)字技術),digitalcamera(數(shù)碼相機)3.electrical(adj.)音標：/??lektr?kl/中文釋義：電的，電氣科學的例句：Theelectricalengineerdesignedanewcircuitforthedevice.(電氣工程師為該設備設計了一個新的電路。)搭配：electricalcurrent(電流),electricalappliance(電器)4.electronic(adj.)音標：/??lek?tr?n?k/中文釋義：電子的；電子操縱的例句：Electronicdeviceshavebecomeanessentialpartofourdailylives.(電子設備已經成為我們日常生活的重要組成部分。)搭配：electronicmail(電子郵件),electroniccommerce(電子商務)5.optical(adj.)音標：/??pt?kl/中文釋義：眼睛的,視覺的,光學的例句：Thetelescopeusesopticallensestomagnifydistantobjects.(望遠鏡使用光學透鏡來放大遠處物體。)搭配：opticalfiber(光纖),opticalillusion(視覺錯覺)6.universal(adj.)音標：/?ju?n??v??s?l/中文釋義：普遍的，通用的，宇宙的例句：Gravityisauniversalforcethataffectsallobjectsintheuniverse.(萬有引力是一種影響宇宙中所有物體的普遍力。)同義詞：global,widespread反義詞：specific,limited搭配：universallaw(普遍規(guī)律),universallanguage(通用語言)7.solar(adj.)音標：/?so?l?/中文釋義：太陽的，太陽能的例句：Solarenergyisarenewablesourceofpower.(太陽能是一種可再生能源。)搭配：solarpanel(太陽能電池板),solarsystem(太陽系)8.solid(adj.)音標：/?s?l?d/中文釋義：固體的，結實的，可靠的，實心的例句：Thetableismadeofsolidwood.(這張桌子是用實木做的。)同義詞：firm,stable反義詞：liquid,gas搭配：solidstate(固態(tài)),solidevidence(確鑿證據)9.mechanical(adj.)音標：/m??k?n?kl/中文釋義：機械的，力學的，呆板的例句：Therobotarmperformedthetaskwithmechanicalprecision.(機械臂以機械般的精度完成了任務。)搭配：mechanicalengineering(機械工程),mechanicalfailure(機械故障)10.precise(adj.)音標：/pr??sa?s/中文釋義：精確的，準確的，認真的例句：Thescientistmadeprecisemeasurementsoftheexperiment.(科學家對實驗進行了精確的測量。)同義詞：accurate,exact反義詞：approximate,vague搭配：precisedetails(精確的細節(jié)),preciselanguage(精確的語言)11.logical(adj.)音標：/?l?d??kl/中文釋義：符合邏輯的，邏輯上的，有推理能力的例句：Thedetectiveusedlogicalreasoningtosolvethemystery.(偵探用邏輯推理來解開謎團。)同義詞：reasonable,rational反義詞：illogical,irrational搭配：logicalconclusion(合乎邏輯的結論),logicalthinking(邏輯思維)12.psychological(adj.)音標：/?sa?k??l?d??kl/中文釋義：心理(學)的例句：Thestudyexaminedthepsychologicaleffectsofsocialmediaonteenagers.(這項研究調查了社交媒體對青少年的心理影響。)搭配：psychologicalstress(心理壓力),psychologicaldisorder(心理障礙)13.phenomenon(n.)音標：/f??n?m?n?n/中文釋義：現(xiàn)象，非凡的人或事物例句：Theauroraborealisisanaturalphenomenonthatcanbeseeninthenightsky.(北極光是可以在夜空中看到的自然現(xiàn)象。)同義詞：event,occurrence搭配：naturalphenomenon(自然現(xiàn)象),socialphenomenon(社會現(xiàn)象)14.bacteria(n.)音標：/b?k?t??ri?/中文釋義：(復數(shù))細菌例句：Bacteriaaresingle-celledmicroorganismsthatcanbefoundeverywhere.(細菌是隨處可見的單細胞微生物。)搭配：harmfulbacteria(有害細菌),beneficialbacteria(有益細菌)15.element(n.)音標：/?el?m?nt/中文釋義：成分，要素，元素，基本原理例句：Hydrogenisthemostcommonelementintheuniverse.(氫是宇宙中最常見的元素。)同義詞：component,ingredient搭配：chemicalelement(化學元素),keyelement(關鍵要素)16.biology(n.)音標：/ba???l?d?i/中文釋義：生物學例句：Biologyisthestudyoflivingthings.(生物學是研究生物的學科。)搭配：marinebiology(海洋生物學),molecularbiology(分子生物學)17.evolution(n.)音標：/?i?v??lu???n/中文釋義：進化，發(fā)展，進展例句：Thetheoryofevolutionexplainshowspecieschangeovertime.(進化論解釋了物種是如何隨著時間推移而變化的。)搭配：humanevolution(人類進化),technologicalevolution(技術進化)18.mathematics(n.)音標：/?m?θ??m?t?ks/中文釋義：數(shù)學例句：Mathematicsisthestudyofnumbers,quantities,andshapes.(數(shù)學是研究數(shù)字、數(shù)量和形狀的學科。)搭配：appliedmathematics(應用數(shù)學),puremathematics(純數(shù)學)19.formula(n.)音標：/?f??mj?l?/中文釋義：公式，配方，規(guī)則例句：Thescientistusedacomplexformulatocalculatetheresultsoftheexperiment.(科學家用一個復雜的公式來計算實驗結果。)搭配：chemicalformula(化學式),mathematicalformula(數(shù)學公式)20.statistic(n.)音標：/st??t?st?k/中文釋義：統(tǒng)計數(shù)值例句：Thestatisticsshowthatthenumberofpeopleusingsmartphonesisincreasingrapidly.(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據顯示，使用智能手機的人數(shù)正在快速增長。)同義詞：data,figure搭配：statisticalanalysis(統(tǒng)計分析),statisticaldata(統(tǒng)計數(shù)據)21.vitamin(n.)音標：/?v?t?m?n/中文釋義：維生素例句：Vitaminsareessentialnutrientsthatthebodyneedsinsmallamountstofunctionproperly.(維生素是人體必需的營養(yǎng)素，身體只需要少量就能正常運轉。)搭配：vitamindeficiency(維生素缺乏),vitaminsupplement(維生素補充劑)22.protein(n.)音標：/?pro?ti?n/中文釋義：蛋白質例句：Proteinsareessentialnutrientsforbuildingandrepairingtissuesinthebody.(蛋白質是構建和修復身體組織的必需營養(yǎng)素。)搭配：proteinstructure(蛋白質結構),proteinsynthesis(蛋白質合成)23.oxygen(n.)音標：/??ks?d??n/中文釋義：氧，氧氣例句：Oxygenisagasthatisessentialforhumanlife.(氧氣是人類生存所必需的氣體。)搭配：oxygenlevel(氧氣水平),oxygenmask(氧氣面罩)24.carbon(n.)音標：/?kɑ?b?n/中文釋義：碳例句：Carbonisachemicalelementthatisfoundinalllivingthings.(碳是一種化學元素，存在于所有生物中。)搭配：carbondioxide(二氧化碳),carbonfootprint(碳足跡)25.measurement(n.)音標：/?me??m?nt/中文釋義：測量,衡量,尺寸,大小例句：Accuratemeasurementsarecrucialinscientificexperiments.(精確的測量在科學實驗中至關重要。)同義詞：measurement,dimension搭配：unitofmeasurement(測量單位),takemeasurements(進行測量)26.intelligence(n.)音標：/?n?tel?d??ns/中文釋義：理解力,智力,情報例句：Artificialintelligenceisrapidlychangingtheworld.(人工智能正在迅速改變世界。)同義詞：intellect,brainpower搭配：artificialintelligence(人工智能),humanintelligence(人類智能)27.graph(n.)音標：/ɡr?f/中文釋義：圖表，曲線圖例句：Thegraphshowstherelationshipbetweentemperatureandpressure.(該圖表顯示了溫度和壓力之間的關系。)搭配：bargraph(條形圖),linegraph(折線圖)28.navigation(n.)音標：/?n?v??ɡe???n/中文釋義：航行，航海，導航例句：GPSnavigationsystemshavemadeitmucheasiertofindyourwayaround.(GPS導航系統(tǒng)使人們更容易找到路線。)搭配：satellitenavigation(衛(wèi)星導航),airnavigation(航空導航)29.dimension(n.)音標：/da??men??n/中文釋義：尺寸，次元，維度例句：Theboxhasthreedimensions:length,width,andheight.(這個盒子有三個維度：長、寬和高。)搭配：spatialdimension(空間維度),timedimension(時間維度)30.infinite(adj.)音標：/??nf?n?t/中文釋義：無限的，無窮的例句：Theuniverseisvastandseeminglyinfinite.(宇宙浩瀚無垠，似乎是無限的。)同義詞：boundless,limitless反義詞：finite搭配：infinitespace(無限空間),infinitepossibilities(無限可能性)練習：一、語法填空(10題)Thescientistsaretryingtodevelopanew_____(formula)foramoreefficientsolarcell.Withtherapid_____(evolve)oftechnology,manytraditionaljobsaredisappearing.The_____(measure)oftheroomwasinaccurate,sothefurnituredidnotfitproperly.Thestudyfoundastrongcorrelationbetweenexerciseandincreased_____(intelligent).The_____(navigate)systemguidedtheshipsafelythroughthestorm.The_____(dimension)oftheuniversearestillnotfullyunderstoodbyscientists.Thecompany'sprofitshave_____(soar)inrecentyears.Thegovernmentneedsto_____(allocate)moreresourcestorenewableenergydevelopment.Theeconomicrecessionforcedmanybusinessesto_____(slash)theirbudgets.Thetwosidesfinallyreachedanagreementaftermonthsofdifficult_____(negotiate).二、單句改錯(5題)Theresearchersareinvestigatingtheeffectofthenewdrugonpatients.Thedatawasanalyzedusingacomplexalgorithm.Carbondioxideisaharmfulgasthatcontributestoclimatechanging.Theengineerusedacomputerprogramtodesignthebridge.Thebiologistsarestudyingtheevolutionofthehumanbrain.三、根據漢語提示完成句子，每空一詞(5題)_____(精確)iscrucialinscientificresearch._____(生物學)isthestudyoflivingorganisms.Thecompany'snewproductisexpectedto_____(提升)salessignificantly.Theteamisworkingto_____(恢復)thedamagedecosystem.Weneedto_____(減少)ourrelianceonfossilfuels.四、根據括號的要求翻譯句子(5題)科學家正在探索宇宙的奧秘。(mystery)這項新技術有望徹底改變醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)。(revolutionize)政府正在采取措施應對氣候變化。(address)我們需要找到可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法。(sustainable)人工智能的發(fā)展引發(fā)了許多倫理問題。(raise)五、閱讀理解（一）Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingthehealthcareindustry,offeringnewtoolsandapproachesfordiagnosis,treatment,andpatientcare.AIalgorithmscananalyzevastamountsofmedicaldata,suchaspatientrecords,medicalimages,andgenomicdata,toidentifypatternsandinsightsthatmaynotbeapparenttohumanclinicians.Thiscanleadtoearlierandmoreaccuratediagnoses,personalizedtreatmentplans,andimprovedpatientoutcomes.OneareawhereAIismakingsignificantstridesismedicalimaging.AI-poweredsystemscananalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-rays,CTscans,andMRIs,todetectabnormalitiesandassistradiologistsinmakingdiagnoses.Forexample,AIalgorithmscanidentifyearlysignsofcancer,heartdisease,andotherconditionswithhighaccuracy,potentiallysavinglivesthroughearlyintervention.AIisalsobeingusedtodeveloppersonalizedmedicine,whichtailorstreatmentplanstoindividualpatientsbasedontheiruniquegeneticmakeup,medicalhistory,andotherfactors.AIalgorithmscananalyzeapatient'sgenomicdatatoidentifypotentialrisksforcertaindiseasesandpredicttheirresponsetodifferenttreatments.Furthermore,AI-poweredvirtualassistantsandchatbotsarebeingusedtoprovidepatientswith24/7supportandanswertheirquestionsabouttheirhealthconditionsandmedications.TheseAIsystemscanhelptoreducetheburdenonhealthcareprovidersandimprovepatientaccesstoinformation.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?a.TheethicalimplicationsofAIinhealthcare.b.TheuseofAIinmedicalresearch.c.ThetransformativeimpactofAIonthehealthcareindustry.d.ThechallengesofimplementingAIinhealthcaresettings.2.Accordingtothepassage,howcanAIalgorithmsimprovediagnosis?a.Byreplacinghumanclinicians.b.Byprovidingemotionalsupporttopatients.c.Byanalyzinglargeamountsofmedicaldatatoidentifypatterns.d.Byconductingclinicaltrialstotestnewtreatments.3.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofAIbeingusedinmedicalimaging?a.AI-poweredrobotsperformingsurgery.b.AIalgorithmsanalyzinggenomicdatatopredictdiseaserisk.c.AI-poweredvirtualassistantsansweringpatientquestions.d.AIsystemsdetectingearlysignsofcancerinX-rayimages.4.Whatispersonalizedmedicine?a.Aone-size-fits-allapproachtotreatingdiseases.b.Treatmentplanstailoredtoindividualpatients.c.Theuseoftraditionalremediestotreatillnesses.d.Atypeofalternativemedicinethatdoesnotinvolvemedication.5.HowcanAI-poweredvirtualassistantsbenefitpatients?a.Byreducinghealthcarecosts.b.Byperformingcomplexmedicalprocedures.c.Byproviding24/7supportandhealthinformation.d.Byreplacingtheneedforhumanhealthcareproviders.（二）Mars,thefourthplanetfromtheSun,haslongcaptivatedhumanimaginationasapotentialdestinationforexplorationandevencolonization.WithitsproximitytoEarthandsimilaritiesinsomeaspects,Marsoffersauniqueopportunitytostudythepossibilityofpastorpresentlifebeyondourplanetandtounderstandtheevolutionofrockyplanets.SeveralroboticmissionshavebeensenttoMars,providingvaluabledataaboutitsatmosphere,surface,andpotentialforharboringlife.RoverssuchasCuriosityandPerseverancehaveexploredtheMartianterrain,analyzedrockandsoilsamples,andsearchedforsignsofancientmicrobiallife.Orbitershavemappedtheplanet'ssurface,studieditsclimate,andidentifiedpotentiallandingsitesforfuturemissions.DespitetheprogressmadeinMarsexploration,significantchallengesremain.TheMartianatmosphereisthinandprimarilycomposedofcarbondioxide,offeringlittleprotectionfromharmfulradiation.Theplanet'ssurfaceisextremelycoldanddry,withtemperaturesdroppingto-140degreesCelsius(-220degreesFahrenheit)atthepoles.Water,essentialforlifeasweknowit,existsmainlyintheformofice.HumanmissionstoMarswouldfacenumeroustechnologicalandlogisticalchallenges.ThejourneytoMarswouldtakeseveralmonths,requiringadvancedpropulsionsystemsandlifesupportsystemstosustainastronautsduringthelongvoyage.LandingonMarsisalsoacomplexmaneuver,requiringprecisenavigationandlandingsystems.1.WhatistheprimaryreasonforhumaninterestinexploringMars?a.Itspotentialforharboringextraterrestriallife.b.Itsabundanceofnaturalresources.c.ItsproximitytoEarthandsimilaritiesinsomeaspects.d.Itspotentialasasourceofrenewableenergy.2.WhathaveroboticmissionstoMarsaccomplished?a.TheyhaveestablishedpermanenthumansettlementsonMars.b.TheyhavediscoveredconclusiveevidenceofpastlifeonMars.c.TheyhaveterraformedMarstomakeithabitableforhumans.d.TheyhavegathereddataaboutMars'atmosphere,surface,andpotentialforlife.3.WhatisamajorchallengeforhumanmissionstoMars?a.Thedistanceanddurationofthejourney.b.Thelackofavailablefundingforspaceexploration.c.Thepoliticaltensionsbetweencountriesinvolvedinspaceexploration.d.TheethicalconsiderationsofpotentiallycontaminatingMarswithEarthmicrobes.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheMartianatmosphere?a.Denseandrichinoxygen.b.Thinandprimarilycomposedofcarbondioxide.c.SimilartoEarth'satmosphereincompositionandpressure.d.Composedmainlyofnitrogenandwatervapor.5.WhatisthemainchallengeposedbytheMartiansurfaceconditions?a.Theextremeheatandfrequentduststorms.b.Thelackofsolidgroundforlandingspacecraft.c.Theextremecold,dryness,andlackofliquidwater.d.Thepresenceoftoxicchemicalsinthesoil.（三）Theautomotiveindustryisundergoingasignificanttransformationastheworldshiftstowardscleanerandmoresustainabletransportationoptions.Newenergyvehicles(NEVs),whichincludeelectricvehicles(EVs),plug-inhybridelectricvehicles(PHEVs),andfuelcellelectricvehicles(FCEVs),arerapidlygainingpopularityasaviablealternativetotraditionalgasoline-poweredcars.Electricvehiclesarepoweredbybatteriesthatstoreelectricalenergy,offeringseveraladvantagesoverconventionalvehicles.Theyproducezerotailpipeemissions,reducingairpollutionandgreenhousegases.EVsarealsoquieterthangasolinecars,contributingtoreducednoisepollutioninurbanareas.Additionally,EVshaveloweroperatingcostsduetothelowercostofelectricitycomparedtogasolineandthereducedneedformaintenance.Plug-inhybridelectricvehiclescombineaninternalcombustionenginewithanelectricmotorandabattery.PHEVscanbedrivenforacertaindistanceonelectricpoweralone,reducingemissionsandfuelconsumption.Whenthebatteryisdepleted,thegasolineenginekicksintoprovideadditionalpower.Fuelcellelectricvehiclesusehydrogengastogenerateelectricity,whichpowerstheelectricmotor.FCEVsemitonlywatervaporasabyproduct,makingthematrulyzero-emissiontransportationoption.However,theinfrastructureforhydrogenrefuelingisstillinitsearlystagesofdevelopment.DespitethenumerousadvantagesofNEVs,somechallengesremain.TheupfrontcostofNEVsisgenerallyhigherthanthatofgasolinecars,althoughgovernmentincentivesanddecliningbatterycostsarehelpingtoclosethegap.TherangeofEVsisalsoaconcernforsomeconsumers,althoughbatterytechnologyiscontinuouslyimproving,extendingthedrivingrangeofnewermodels.Additionally,thedevelopmentofacomprehensivecharginginfrastructureiscrucialforthewidespreadadoptionofNEVs.選擇題:1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?a.Thehistoryoftheautomotiveindustry.b.Thetechnologicaladvancementsingasoline-poweredcars.c.Theriseofnewenergyvehiclesasasustainabletransportationoption.d.Theeconomicimpactofthetransitiontoelectricvehicles.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofelectricvehiclesmentionedinthepassage?a.Zerotailpipeemissions.b.Loweroperatingcosts.c.Longerdrivingrangecomparedtogasolinecars.d.Reducednoisepollution.3.Howdoplug-inhybridelectricvehiclesdifferfrompurelyelectricvehicles?a.PHEVshavealongerdrivingrangethanEVs.b.PHEVscombineanelectricmotorwithagasolineengine.c.PHEVsaremoreexpensivethanEVs.d.PHEVsproducemoreemissionsthanEVs.4.Whatisthemainbyproductoffuelcellelectricvehicles?a.Carbondioxide.b.Watervapor.c.Nitrogenoxides.d.Particulatematter.5.WhatisamajorchallengehinderingthewidespreadadoptionofNEVs?a.ThelackofgovernmentsupportforNEVdevelopment.b.Thehighcostofhydrogenfuel.c.Thelimitedavailabilityofcharginginfrastructure.d.ThelackofconsumerinterestinNEVs.參考答案：一、語法填空formula(名詞，意為“公式，配方”)evolution(名詞，意為“進化，發(fā)展”)measurement(名詞，意為“測量，尺寸”)intelligence(名詞，意為“智力，理解力”)navigation(名詞，意為“導航，航行”)dimensions(名詞復數(shù)，意為“維度，尺寸”)soared(動詞過去分詞，表示利潤“暴漲”)allocate(動詞，意為“分配，撥付”)slash(動詞，意為“大幅削減”)negotiations(名詞復數(shù)，意為“談判，協(xié)商”)二、單句改錯effect→effects(effect是名詞，此處應用復數(shù)形式effects指“影響”)datawas→datawere(data是復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應用復數(shù)形式)changing→change(climatechange是固定搭配，意為“氣候變化”)program→program(拼寫錯誤，應為program)humanbrain→humanbrain(沒有錯誤)三、根據漢語提示完成句子PrecisionBiologyboostrestorereduce四、根據括號的要求翻譯句子Scientistsareexploringthemysteriesoftheuniverse.Thisnewtechnologyisexpectedtorevolutionizethehealthcareindustry.Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoaddressclimatechange.Weneedtofindwaystoachievesustainabledevelopment.Thedevelopmentofartificialintelligencehasraisedmanyethicalissues.五、閱讀理解（一）ccdbc解析：1.文章主要討論了人工智能在醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的變革性影響，包括診斷、治療和病人護理等方面。原文定位：文章第一句就點明了主題"Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingthehealthcareindustry..."2.文章提到AI算法可以通過分析大量醫(yī)療數(shù)據來識別模式和洞察力，從而提高診斷的準確性。原文定位：第二段第一句提到"...toidentifypatternsandinsightsthatmaynotbeapparenttohumanclinicians.Thiscanleadtoearlierandmoreaccuratediagnoses..."3.文章舉例說明AI在醫(yī)學影像領域的應用，例如AI系統(tǒng)可以通過分析X光圖像來檢測癌癥的早期跡象。原文定位：第二段第三句提到"Forexample,AIalgorithmscanidentifyearlysignsofcancer,heartdisease,andotherconditionswithhighaccuracy..."4.文章解釋了個性化醫(yī)療的概念，即根據患者的獨特基因組成、病史和其他因素制定治療方案。原文定位：第三段第一句提到"AIisalsobeingusedtodeveloppersonalizedmedicine,whichtailorstreatmentplanstoindividualpatients..."5.文章提到AI驅動的虛擬助手可以為患者提供24/7的支持和健康信息，從而減輕醫(yī)療保健提供者的負擔并改善患者獲取信息的途徑。原文定位：第四段提到"...AI-poweredvirtualassistantsandchatbotsarebeingusedtoprovidepatientswith24/7supportandanswertheirquestionsabouttheirhealthconditionsandmedications."（二）cdabc解析：1.文章開頭就指出，火星與地球的距離較近，并且在某些方面存在相似之處，因此人類對探索火星有著濃厚的興趣，將其視為探索地球以外生命可能性和了解類地行星演化的獨特機會