高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解經(jīng)典例題

一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．（2019?天津）閱讀理解

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore？

We'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolean,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我）,whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate（視……等同于）"commitment"withsuch"caring"occupationsasteachingandnursing.Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellencewhethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastore-maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindofpeopletheyare.They'velearnedlife'smostvaluablelesson.（1）ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat_________.A.

lossoffreedomstimulatesone'screativityB.

ageisnotabarriertoachievingone'sgoalC.

miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfateD.

disabilitycannotstopaman'spursuitofsuccess（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean？A.

Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.

Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.C.

Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.

Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.（3）WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.

Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.B.

Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.C.

Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.D.

Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.（4）WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5?A.

Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.B.

Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.C.

Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.D.

Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.（5）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.

Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.B.

Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.C.

Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.D.

Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D（5）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義。（1）考查推理判斷。第一段講述塞萬(wàn)提斯一生不幸，負(fù)債累累，因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)受傷左手殘疾，同時(shí)還身陷囹圄，在53歲的時(shí)候決定寫(xiě)書(shū)，最終寫(xiě)出成名作《唐吉柯德》，根據(jù)后文可知，所有的困境都沒(méi)有阻擋他的成功，年齡也是如此，故選B。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.”可知，作者談?wù)摰牟皇悄切](méi)有到達(dá)巔峰的人，而是談?wù)撃切┎辉賹W(xué)習(xí)成長(zhǎng)的人，故可知runoutofsteam可知，停止學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“welosethesenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.”可知，我們失去了好奇感，但是如果我們?cè)敢鈱W(xué)習(xí)，機(jī)會(huì)無(wú)處不在，故可知，機(jī)會(huì)總是留給那些好奇心的人，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus—anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.”可知，我們學(xué)會(huì)承受那些無(wú)法改變的事情，學(xué)會(huì)避免自憐，也學(xué)會(huì)了無(wú)論我們?cè)趺慈ト倓e人，有些人是無(wú)法喜歡我們的，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)起初讓我們苦惱，但是之后會(huì)讓我們釋?xiě)?，故可知，本段作者告訴我們要學(xué)會(huì)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)對(duì)待生活，故選D。（5）考查主旨大意。本文講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義，故本文作者的目的是為了指導(dǎo)我們過(guò)一個(gè)有意義的成年人生活，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Avideoofathree-year-oldgirlbeingkickedbyherownmotherduringaphotoshotwentviral(瘋狂傳播)onThursday,indicatingChina'sunderperformaneeinregulatingtheemergingchildmodelingindustry.

Thegirl,knownasNiuNiu,wasphysicallyabusedbyhermotherinseveralvideos.ThevideoshaveannoyedChinesemediaandInternetusersalike.Manynetizensandscholarscallforlocalauthoritiestocarryoutfurtherinvestigationsintopossiblechildabuse.

Inresponsetothepublicoutcry(強(qiáng)烈抗議),NiuNiu'smotherissuedanapologyviaSinaWeiboonThursday,condemningaccusationsofabuse.Shenotedthatshewasmerelyguidingherdaughterforbettershotsandthegirliswelllookedafter.

Despiteherapology,manyE-shopswhichusedNiuNiu'simagesforbrandpromotionhavecanceledtheircooperationwiththemother,whileover110well-knownchildgarmentshopsonTaobaohavesignedupforacampaigntoprovidebetterprotectionforchildmodels.

"Itisnecessarytoadoptcomprehensivelawsandregulationstofurtherprotectthekids,preventingtheirparentsandcompaniesfromexploiting(利用)them,"FangZhiqing,alawyerandchildprotectionexpert,said.

NiuNiuisnotalone.InZhili,asmalltowninZhejiangprovince,thousandsofchildrenfromacrossChinaaretakenherebytheirparentstoseizethechanceoffame.Withapopulationof450,000.Zhilihasover13,000manufacturersofchildclothing.In2017,thetownearnedover7billionyuanbysellingdothingforchildrenonline,thusprovidingopportunitiesforchildmodels.

"China'scurrentadvertisementlawisn'tworkablewhenitcomestotheindustryofchildmodeling,asitlacksclearsupervisionmeasuresandclearlegalpunishment."Fangadded."Itisimportanttoissuenewlawswhichregulatechildmodeling."（1）Whatcausedthepublicoutcry?A.

Videosshowinghowchildmodelswork.B.

ProblemsinChineseadvertisingindustry.C.

SeveralcasesofchildabuseinrecentChina.D.

Agirlbeingphysicallyabusedbyhermother.（2）Whathappenedafterthepublicoutcry?A.

TaobaocanceledtheaccountofNiuNiu.B.

ThelocalpolicechargedNiuNiu'smother.C.

NiuNiu'smotheradmittedabusingherdaughter.D.

Shopsstoppedtheircooperationwiththemother.（3）WhatprovidedchancesforChinesechildmodels?A.

Theappearanceofonlineshopping.

B.

Thehugeonlinesalesofchildclothing.C.

Thefastdevelopmentofmanufacturing.

D.

Thechangeofparents'ideasaboutsuccess.（4）WhichopinionmayFangZhiqingagreewith?A.

Chinashouldregulatechildmodeling.B.

TherearetoomanychildmodelsinChina.C.

NeweconomiclawsshouldbeissuedinChinch.D.

Chinascurrentadvertisementlawisn'tworkable.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了一個(gè)叫妞妞的兒童模特遭到了母親的身體虐待引起了公眾的強(qiáng)烈抗議以及人們對(duì)兒童模特行業(yè)的思考。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thegirl,knownasNiuNiu,wasphysicallyabusedbyhermotherinseveralvideos.ThevideoshaveannoyedChinesemediaandInternetusersalike.”可知，視頻中，一個(gè)叫妞妞的女孩遭到了母親的身體虐待引起了公眾的強(qiáng)烈抗議，故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Despiteherapology,manyE-shopswhichusedNiuNiu'simagesforbrandpromotionhavecanceledtheircooperationwiththemother,”可知，在公眾的強(qiáng)烈抗議之后，很多網(wǎng)店停止了與妞妞母親的合作，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In2017,thetownearnedover7billionyuanbysellingdothingforchildrenonline,thusprovidingopportunitiesforchildmodels.”可知，2017年，這個(gè)浙江的小鎮(zhèn)通過(guò)在網(wǎng)上銷(xiāo)售童裝賺了70多億元，這為兒童模特提供了機(jī)會(huì)，可知，童裝在網(wǎng)上的巨大銷(xiāo)量為中國(guó)的兒童模特提供了機(jī)會(huì)，故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itisimportanttoissuenewlawswhichregulatechildmodeling.”可推斷，方志清會(huì)同意中國(guó)應(yīng)頒布新的法律來(lái)規(guī)范兒童模特行業(yè)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道。考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Recently,astheBritishdoctorRobertWinstontookatrainfromLondontoManchester,hefoundhimselfbecomingsteadilyangry.Awomanhadpickedupherphoneandbegunaloudconversation,whichwouldlastanunbelievablehour.Furious,Winstonbegantotweetaboutthewoman.Hetookherpictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followers.

Whenthetrainarrivedatitsdestination,Winstonrushedout.He'dhadenoughofthewoman'srudeness.Butthepresswerenowwaitingforherontheplatform.AndwhentheyshowedherWinston'smessages,sheusedjustonewordtodescribeWinston'sactions:rude.

Winston'staleissomethingofamicrocosm(縮影)ofourageofincreasingrudeness,fueledbysocialmedia.Whatcanwedotofixthis?

Studieshaveshownthatrudenessspreadsquickly,almostlikethecommoncold.Justwitnessingrudenessmakesitfarmorelikelythatwe,inturn,willberudelateron.Theonlywaytoavoiditistodealwithitfacetoface.Wemustsay,"Juststop."ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeantapproachingthewoman,tellingherthatherconversationwasfrustratingotherpassengersandpolitelyaskinghertospeakmorequietlyormakethecallatanothertime.

Therageandinjusticewefeelattherudebehaviorofastrangercandriveustodooddthings.Inmyownresearch,surveying2,000adults,Idiscoveredthattheactsofrevengepeoplehadtakenrangedfromtheridiculoustothedisturbing.Winstondidshineaspotlightonthewoman'sbehavior—butfromafar,inawaythatshamedher.

Wemustinsteadcombatrudenessheadon.Whenweseeitoccurinastore,wemuststepupandsaysomething.Ifithappenstoacolleague,wemustpointitout.Wemustdefendstrangersinthesamewaywe'ddefendourbestfriends.Butwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutatraceofaggressionandwithoutbeingrudeourselves.Becauseoncerudepeoplecanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatstrainthemselves.Asthistideofrudenessrises,civilizationneedscivility.（1）WhatcanyoulearnaboutRobertWinstonfromthepassage?A.

Heknowshowtospeaktorudepeople.B.

Hebehavedimproperlyandspokeloudlyonthetrain.C.

Helosthistemperduetootherpeople'srudeness.D.

Hereactedtoawoman'srudebehaviorwrongly.（2）Whatdoes"fueledbysocialmedia"meaninParagraph3?A.

Rudebehavioriscommononsocialmedia.B.

Rudenesscanbeavoidedthroughsocialmedia.C.

Peoplecaneasilygetawaythroughsocialmedia.D.

Socialmediamayspreadandcauserudeness.（3）Accordingtothewriter,howshouldyourespondwhenyoumeetrudepeople?A.

RecordthemandpostitontheInternet.B.

Pointitoutinapoliteandskillfulway.C.

Donothingbutwaitforotherpeopletofixit.D.

Paythembackbydoingequallydisturbingthings.（4）Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaboutthelastparagraph?A.

Wecanonlypointoutrudenessfromfamiliarpeople.B.

Rudenessandmannerscanhardlycoexistincivilizedsociety.C.

Bothstrangersandacquaintancesdeserveourfriendlywarning.D.

Rudepeoplecan'tseetheirrudenessthroughothers'eyes.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過(guò)溫斯特對(duì)打電話這位粗魯?shù)呐科毓庠诿襟w上的不當(dāng)行為，提出了我們要用禮貌而巧妙的方式指出來(lái)生活中粗魯?shù)男袨椤＃?）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Winstondidshineaspotlightonthewoman'sbehavior—butfromafar,inawaythatshamedher.”溫斯頓確實(shí)把聚光燈對(duì)準(zhǔn)了那個(gè)女人的行為——但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，這是方式一種讓她蒙羞?？赏瞥觯髡哒J(rèn)為溫斯頓的做法不正確。故選D。（2）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Winston'staleissomethingofamicrocosm(縮影)ofourageofincreasingrudeness”可知作者描述這個(gè)時(shí)代越來(lái)越粗魯；再根據(jù)第四段中的“Studieshaveshownthatrudenessspreadsquickly,almostlikethecommoncold.”研究表明，粗魯行為傳播迅速，就像普通感冒一樣?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為粗魯行為傳播很快。因此此處fuel意為“加速”之意，故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutatraceofaggressionandwithoutbeingrudeourselves.”但我們可以優(yōu)雅地做到這一點(diǎn)，處理它時(shí)不帶一絲侵略性，自己也不粗魯。可知，作者認(rèn)為我們可以禮貌而巧妙的方式指出來(lái)粗魯?shù)男袨楹腿恕９蔬xB。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Wemustdefendstrangersinthesamewaywe'ddefendourbestfriends.”我們必須保護(hù)陌生人，就像保護(hù)我們最好的朋友一樣?？芍xC?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解ChinaSmallGroupTours

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WalkintoalocalChinesefamily,interact&dinewiththehostsintheirhomeFrom$2,079perperson（1）WhatdoTourRoute1andTourRoute2haveincommon?A.

Theyhavecyclingactivities.

B.

TheyincludeavisittoTibet.C.

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Visitorspaythesameamountofmoney.（2）WhatisspecialaboutTourRoute2?A.Touristscantravelbybike.B.Touristscanvisitahugedam.C.Touristscandinewithafamily.D.Itisthemostexpensiveofthefour.（3）WherecanvisitorsenjoyChina'srareanimals?A.TourRoute1.B.TourRoute2.C.TourRoute3.D.TourRoute4.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四條旅游路線。（1）kc細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Route1部分中的“Havealeisurelywalkoranexcitingbicyclerideonthetime-honoredCityWallofXi'an”及Route2部分中的“TrybikingontheMingDynastyCityWallofXi'an”可知，這兩條路線的共同之處是都有騎行活動(dòng)，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Route2部分中的“EnjoytheThreeGorgessceneryonYangtzeRiver”可知，在Route2中你可以欣賞到長(zhǎng)江三峽風(fēng)光，也就是說(shuō)Route2的特別之處是你可以參觀三峽大壩，故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Route4部分中的“CometoChengdu，thehometownofgiantpandastovisitandobservethecutecreature”可知，在Route4中你可以看到中國(guó)的珍稀動(dòng)物大熊貓，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

"Whatkindofrubbishareyou?"Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiitwasbroughtaboutwearycomplaintsoverthepastfewmonths.OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstrictrubbish-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.

Violatorscouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan($29).Forrepeatviolators,thecitycanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtoobtainhankloansorevenbuytraintickets.

Shanghaiauthoritiesarerespondingtoobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itproduces9milliontonsofgarbageayear.Butlikeothercitiesinchina,itlacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedonrubbishpickerstopickoutwhatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.Chinaproduces80billionpairsofone-offchopsticksayear.

Manycitizensappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutarefrustratedbythedetails.Rubbishmustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorhazardous(有害的),thedistinctionsamongwhichcanbeconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulessurroundingfoodwaste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbin,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandtoss(投擲）itbyhand,Mostannoyingaretheshortperiodsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcankeepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout;noonewantstolookbad.（1）What'sthepurposeofParagraph1?A.

Tocomplainaboutrubbishdividing.B.

Toexplainthefourcategoriesofthewaste.C.

Tointroducetherulesonwastesorting.D.

Toshowthegoalofrubbish,sortingregulations.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Violators"inParagraph2referto?A.

Peoplewhodon'tpayfortraintickets.

B.

Peoplewhoarguewiththemonitors.C.

Peoplewhoobtainbankloans.

D.

Peoplewhoareagainsttheregulations.（3）Whatmakesthecitizensupsetmostabouttherules?A.

Complexdistinctionamongthefourcategoriesofrubbish.B.

Shortscheduledtimefortossingrubbish.C.

Beingobservedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.D.

Beingfinedwhenblamedduetoimproperbehavior.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

ARestartofWaste-sorting

B.

ANewAgeofGarbageClassificationC.

LearningtoClassifyRubbish

D.

Rubbish-sortingBenefitstheWorld【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了7月1日上海市出臺(tái)的垃圾分類(lèi)規(guī)定，有望成為我國(guó)的一個(gè)典范。文章說(shuō)明了垃圾分類(lèi)規(guī)定的部分內(nèi)容以及違反者將面臨的處罰，這項(xiàng)政策出臺(tái)的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民們對(duì)此政策的看法和態(tài)度。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.”市民必須將垃圾分為四類(lèi)，并將其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他們必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間這樣做，當(dāng)監(jiān)督員在場(chǎng)時(shí)，以確保規(guī)則得到遵守，并檢查垃圾的性質(zhì)?？芍饕窃谡f(shuō)明垃圾分類(lèi)的相關(guān)規(guī)定，故第一段的目的是介紹垃圾分類(lèi)的規(guī)則。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theycouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan($29).”他們將面臨最高200元(29美元)的罰款。可推測(cè)他們此處指違反垃圾分類(lèi)規(guī)定的人們，故劃線單詞意思為“違反規(guī)定的人”，故選D。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Mostupsetaretheshortwindowsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.”最讓人心煩的是扔垃圾的短暫開(kāi)放期，通常是早上和晚上的幾個(gè)小時(shí)，可知，扔垃圾的時(shí)間很短讓居民對(duì)這些規(guī)定最不滿。故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatekindsandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecomplianceandtoinquireintothenatureofone'srubbish.”7月1日，該市出臺(tái)了嚴(yán)格的垃圾分類(lèi)規(guī)定，有望成為我國(guó)的一個(gè)典范。居民必須將他們的垃圾分成四類(lèi)，并將其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他們必須在規(guī)定的時(shí)間這樣做，當(dāng)監(jiān)督員在場(chǎng)時(shí)，以確保遵守和調(diào)查一個(gè)人的垃圾的性質(zhì)）以及文章主要內(nèi)容圍繞著上海垃圾分類(lèi)規(guī)定標(biāo)志著一個(gè)垃圾分類(lèi)的新時(shí)代的開(kāi)始而展開(kāi)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Ifyoufollowtheseinsidertips,yourphotoswilllooklikeyouhadtheplacetoyourselfatthepopulartouristattractions.

VaticanMuseums:VaticanCity

TheVaticandrawsmorethanfivemillionpeopleeachyear,andqueuescanreachfourhoursduringpeakseason.ChristieHudson,seniorcommunicationsmanageratExpedia,recommends,choosingaskip-the-1inetour."Thisnotonlyletsyouavoidtheticketcounter,butalsoincludestheuseofaprivatepartnerentrance."ExtratimetovisittheSistineChapel?Yes!

BambooForest:Kyoto,Japan

BambooForestisthemostworthysightinKyoto.Ifyou'relongingtoenjoythepathwaysandtakepicturesintotalquietness,KyotoArashiyamaTravelGuiderecommendshittingthefamousBambooGrovePathasearlyinthemorningaspossible—think7a.m.ifyou'reupforit.Don'tmissthesehiddentreasuresyoucanonlywitnessinJapan.

ChichenItza:Yucatán,Mexico

HometoE1CastilloandtheTempleoftheWarriors,ChichenItzaisamust-see.Wanttobeattherush?Scheduleanearlytourthattakesplacebeforeasiteopenstothepublic.Ledbyanarchaeologistguide,it'sfulloffascinatinginsightsandfacts—withouttonsofpack-wearingtourists.

LouvreMuseum:Paris,France

TheLouvreisoneofthemostpopularmuseumsontheplanet.Ifwaitingaroundinlinetogetinisn'tthewayyouprefertospendyourtimeinParis,considerpurchasingareservedticket.Thiswillgiveyouentrytothepyramidwithinahalf-hourwindow.TheLouvreisalsoopenuntil9:45p.m.onWednesdaysandFridays,ifyou'reupforsomelate-nightartvisits.（1）WhatisrecommendedatVaticanMuseumsbyChristieHudson?A.

Queuingfourhours.

B.

Jumpingthewaitingline.C.

Takingaskip-the-linetour.

D.

VisitingtheSistineChapel.（2）Whichofthefollowingareavailableforearlytouriststoavoidtherush?A.

VaticanMuseumsandBambooForest.

B.

ChichenItzaandBambooForest.C.

BambooForestandLouvreMuseum.

D.

ChichenItzaandLouvreMuseum.（3）Whomightthispassagebeintendedfor?A.

Visitorsinterestedinmuseums.

B.

Guidesatthetouristattractions.C.

Peopleattheticketcounter.

D.

Touriststobeattherush.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)，提供給“趕在高峰之前到達(dá)的游客”。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)VaticanMuseums:VaticanCity部分中的“TheVaticandrawsmorethanfivemillionpeopleeachyear，andqueuescanreachfourhoursduringpeakseason.ChristieHudson，seniorcommunicationsmanageratExpedia，recommends，choosingaskip-the-1inetour.”可知，ChristieHudson在VaticanMuseums中推薦akingaskip-the-linetour.故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)BambooForest:Kyoto，Japan部分中的“...KyotoArashiyamaTravelGuiderecommendshittingthefamousBambooGrovePathasearlyinthemorningaspossible和ChichenItza:Yucatán，Mexico中Wanttobeattherush?Scheduleanearlytourthattakesplacebeforeasiteopenstothepublic.”可知，為避免高峰ChichenItza和BambooForest是為早期游客提供的。故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyoufollowtheseinsidertips，yourphotoswilllooklikeyouhadtheplacetoyourselfatthepopulartouristattractions.”可知，這篇文章可能是寫(xiě)給“為趕在高峰之前到達(dá)的游客”。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇廣告類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Lastweek,VodafonestartedatestoftheUK'sfirstfull5Gservice,availableforusebybusinessesinSalford.ItispartofitsplantotrialthetechnologyinsevenUKcities.Butwhatcanweexpectfromthenextgenerationofmobiletechnology?

Onethingwewillseeinthepreparationforthetestislotsoftrickswiththenewtech.Earlierthisyear,operatorspaidalmost￡1.4billionforthe5Gwavelengths,andtocompensateforthatcash,theywillneedtocatchtheeyeofconsumers.InSeptember,VodafoneuseditsbitoftherangetodisplaytheUK'sfirsthologram(全息)call.TheManchesterCitycaptainStephHoughtonappearedasaholograminNewbury.Itisn'tallholograms,however:5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom(英國(guó)通訊管理局)suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.

Thewiderapplicationistosupportconnectedequipmentonthe"internetofthings"-notjusttheinternet-enabledfridgethatcanreorderyourmilkforyou,butthenetworkthatwillenabledriverlesscarsanddeliverydrones(無(wú)人機(jī))tocommunicatewitheachother.

ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.

OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.

Obviously,5Gwillalsobringacosttoconsumers.Itrequiresahandsetforboth5Gand4G,andthefirst5G-enabledsmartphonesareexpectedinthecomingyear.Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.（1）WhydoesProfWilliamWebbsay"thetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes"?A.

Heisinfavoroftheapplicationofthenewtechnology.B.

5Gwillbringacosttoconsumersintheirdailylife.C.

5Ghelpspeoplecommunicatebetterwitheachother.D.

Heprefersmoremoneytobespenton4Gnetworks.（2）Theunderlinedword"addressing"inthefourthparagraphhastheclosestmeaningto________.A.

makingaspeechto

B.

tryingtosolve

C.

managingtodecrease

D.

respondingto（3）Thelastparagraphindicatesthat

.A.

it'lltakeseveralyears.tomake5GaccessibletothepublicintheUKB.

5GserviceshowshugedevelopmentpotentialandabroadmarketC.

customersareeagertouse5Gsmartphonesinsteadof4GonesD.

it'sprobablethat5GnetworkrolloutisspeedingupinBritain（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthetext?A.

Vodafoneissuccessfulinspreadingthe5Gservice.B.

StephHoughtonappearedasahologramby4G.C.

Theapplicationof5Gwillmakelifemucheasier.D.

5GphonesareavailableinruralareasoftheUK.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是4G向5G的轉(zhuǎn)變。5G會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)更多的好處，使人們的生活更加舒適。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.可知，ProfWilliamWebb說(shuō)“這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能是皇帝新衣的一個(gè)例子”是因?yàn)樗敢獍迅嗟腻X(qián)花在4G網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。故選D。（2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.“其他不同的聲音表示，集中精力推廣更廣泛的農(nóng)村寬帶接入，解決目前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)覆蓋問(wèn)題，將對(duì)整個(gè)英國(guó)更有利?！庇纱送浦?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“試圖解決”。故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,it