高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解

2010高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解（3）101.ProfessorSmithandProfessorBrownwill_____ingivingtheclasslectures.

A.exchange

B.alter

C.shift

D.alternate[答案]D.alternate.[注釋]alternatevt./vi.輪流，交替發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)：Wetdaysalternatewithfinedays.(晴雨天交替更迭。)Theweathertodaywillalternatebetweenfineandcloudy.(今天的天氣將是晴間多云。)shift般動(dòng)，移動(dòng)（vt.）；轉(zhuǎn)移到，遷移（vi.）；改變：1)Lendmeahandtoshiftthepiano,willyou?(請(qǐng)幫個(gè)忙搬一下這臺(tái)鋼琴。)2)Theyhaveshiftedawayfromthisarea.(他們已從這一地區(qū)遷走了。)3)Thecandidateisconstantlyshiftinghisopinionabouttheproblem.(這位競(jìng)選者在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上不斷改變他的觀點(diǎn)。)exchange交換；exchange...for...用.......換......；alter(部分)修改。102.Packthecakeinastrongbox,oritmightget_____inthepost.

A.splashed

B.spilt

C.crushed

D.crashed[答案]C.crushed.[注釋]crush壓壞，壓碎；弄皺；輾散；1)Don'tcrushthisbox;thereareflowersinside.(不要把這個(gè)盒子壓壞了，里面有鮮花。)2)Herdresswascrushed.(她的衣服弄皺了。)3)Themachinecrusheswheatgraintomakefloor.(這臺(tái)機(jī)器把麥粒輾成面粉。)splash濺，潑；split(中間)裂開(kāi)；crash(向下)猛跌；（飛機(jī)）失事。103.Thethief_____thepapersallovertheroomwhilehewassearching.

A.abandoned

B.vanished

C.scattered

D.deserted[答案]C.scattered.[注釋]scatter(=throworputinvariousdirections,orhereandthere)撒。abandon放棄，拋棄。desert遺棄（而離開(kāi)）。vanish消亡，滅亡。本題句意是將小偷在搜尋錢時(shí)的情景，所以應(yīng)選scattered(撒)。104.Today,houseworkhasbeenmademucheasierbyelectrical_____.

A.facilities

B.appliances

C.instruments

D.equipment[答案]B.appliances.[注釋]electricappliances電器用具，facilities公用設(shè)備。equipment設(shè)備,裝備，是集合名詞，指“設(shè)備”的總稱，只有當(dāng)數(shù)形式。instrument儀器。105.The_____ofthetreesinthewaterwasveryclear.

A.mirror

B.sight

C.reflection

D.shadow[答案]C.reflection.

[注釋]reflection此處意為“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“陰影”，故不能用shadow。其他選擇均不合題意。106.One_____neededwhenmakingacakeisflour;anotherissugar.

A.container

B.ingredient

C.content

D.equivalent[答案]B.ingredient.

[注釋]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量；內(nèi)容（復(fù)數(shù)）。equivalent:相等物。107.Theyhavebeenwaitingformanyhourstoseethesinger,buttheairplanemusthavebeen_____.

A.behindthetimes

B.behindschedule

C.aheadoftime

D.innotime[答案]B.behindschedule.[注釋]behindschedule(=late,behindtime)晚點(diǎn)：Thetrainisrunningbehindscheduletoday.(=Thetrainisnotontimetoday.)behindthetimes(=usingthingsnotinstyle;stillfollowingoldways;oldfashioned)過(guò)時(shí)，跟不上時(shí)代，落后：1)Thestoreisbehindthetimes.(=Thestoreisold-fashioned;itlooksasstoreslooked40yearsago.)2)Marythinksherparentsarebehindthetimesbecausetheystilldothefox-trotanddon'tknowanynewdances.(=Mary'sparentsareold-fashionedintheirdancings.)aheadoftime提前：Theyhavefulfilledtheirproductionplansaheadoftime,innotime(=soon,quickly)立即，馬上：I'llbebackinnotimetoseeyouhome.108.Neitherofthemthoughthighlyofhimandtheybothtriedto_____himinhiswork.

A.hamper

B.support

C.assist

D.encourage[答案]A.hamper.[注釋]hamper(=hinder,preventfreemovementoractivity)阻礙：Lackofequipmentishamperingourwork.

本題譯文：他們兩人都認(rèn)為他不怎么樣并極力阻礙他工作。

Thinkhighlyof...對(duì)...評(píng)價(jià)很高，認(rèn)為......很好。109.Herdisplayofbadtempercompletely_____theparty.

A.harmed

B.damaged

C.spoilt

D.hurt[答案]C.spoilt.[注釋]spoil指出意指“使......掃興，搞糟”，如：Quarrellingspoiltthepicnic.(爭(zhēng)吵使這次野餐弄得很掃興。)hurt傷害，damage損壞，harm危害，均不合題意。110.Weforgavehisbadtemperbecauseweknewthathisson'sillnesshadputhimundergreat_____.

A.emotion

B.excitement

C.crisis

D.stress[答案]D.stress.

[注釋]putsb.under(great)stress使某人處境（非常）緊張，使某人受（很大）壓力。

111.Thereferenceshemadetoherfriend,thepoet,wasinterestingbuttoo_____foranyonetoappreciate.

A.drastic

B.dull

C.obscure

D.distinct[答案]C.obscure.[注釋]obscure(=notclearlyseenorunderstood)模糊難懂得。drastic激烈的，嚴(yán)厲的；dull單調(diào)的；distinct清楚的，明顯的；截然不同的（from）。本題譯文：她提到她的朋友----詩(shī)人時(shí)所說(shuō)的話是令人感興趣，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)清楚，以致沒(méi)有人為此感激。112.He_____hisengagementjustbeforethewedding.

A.brokeout

B.brokeawayfrom

C.brokeoff

D.brokeup[答案]C.brokeoff.[注釋]breakoff(=ceasesuddenly,discontinue)突然中斷；breakoffone'sengagement(解除婚約)。Breakoff(=interrupt)one'sconversation(打斷談話)。Breakout(=beginsuddenly)爆發(fā)。Breakawayfrom擺脫，從......退出。113.Whensheheardfromthehospitalthatherfatherhaddied,she_____intotears.

A.burst

B.went

C.exploded

D.fell[答案]A.burst[注釋]burstintotears放聲大哭；又如：burstintothunderouscheers(發(fā)出雷嗚般的歡呼)；burstintolaughing(捧腹大笑)。114.Yourhelpis_____forthesuccessoftheproject.

A.indispensable

B.indicative

C.inevitable

D.inherent[答案]A.indispensable.[注釋]indispensable(to,for)不可缺少的，必需的。Indicative(of)指示的。Inevitable不可避免的。Inherent固有的，內(nèi)在的，天生的。115._____theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

A.Inspiteof

B.Butfor

C.Becauseof

D.Asfor[答案]B.Butfor[注釋]butfor(=without,exceptfor)若非，要不是：Butforyourhelpwecouldnothavefinisheditintime.(要不是你的幫助，我們本來(lái)不會(huì)及時(shí)完工。)

116.Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather_____tothenewswouldbe.

A.impression

B.comment

C.reaction

D.opinion[答案]C.reaction.[注釋]reaction(to)對(duì)......的反應(yīng)：Ourreactiontoajokeistolaugh.117.Ourattitudetowardourteachersshouldbe_____,butnotslavishorsuperstitious.

A.respectable

B.respected

C.respective

D.respectful[答案]D.respectful.[注釋]respectable(=deservingrespect)值得尊敬的,品行端正的。respectful(=showingrespectto)有禮貌的，表示尊敬的。Respective各個(gè)的。respected尊敬的。Respectingprep.(=relatingto;concernedwith)關(guān)于，說(shuō)到。118.Wecouldseethathewastryingto_____hisownresponsibilityforthedelay,insteadofacceptinghisfault.

A.runover

B.smoothover

C.passoff

D.turndown[答案]B.smoothover.[注釋]smoothover(=makesmooth,putright,balliate)使平息，使恢復(fù)正常的，掩飾：1)Iwilltrytosmooththeirquarrelover.(我將設(shè)法平息他們的爭(zhēng)吵。)2)Don'ttrytosmoothoveryourfault.（不要設(shè)法掩飾你的過(guò)錯(cuò)。）

runover詳見(jiàn)Ⅲ.145,146.注釋；passoff詳見(jiàn)Ⅲ.126.注釋；turndown詳見(jiàn)Ⅲ.180,181.注釋.119.Glemp'sheroicflightintospaceentitledhim_____aplaceinhistory.

A.for

B.with

C.to

D.of[答案]C.to.[注釋]entitlesb.tosth.(=givearightto)給予權(quán)利：1)Heisentitledtospecialtreatmentbecauseofhisrank(由于他的級(jí)別他有權(quán)享受特殊待遇。)2)Officersareentitledtotravelfirstclass.（軍官們有權(quán)乘頭等車旅行。）120.He's_____drinkandneverdoesastrokeofwork.

A.goneto

B.takento

C.takenup

D.gonefor[答案]B.takento.[注釋]taketo養(yǎng)成（某種習(xí)慣）。Astrokeof一件。本題譯文：他以成了酒徒，從來(lái)沒(méi)有干過(guò)一件工作。

121."Whoisresponsibleforsendingoutmisinformation?"

"Mostofthefaultlies_____theadministration."

A.in

B.to

C.on

D.with[答案]D.with.[注釋]liewith應(yīng)由.......（承擔(dān)責(zé)任）；（作出決定等）得靠......1)Theresponsibilitylieswiththedriver.(責(zé)任應(yīng)由這個(gè)司機(jī)承擔(dān)。)2)Itlieswithyoutoacceptorrejecthetheproposal.(接受還是拒絕這項(xiàng)建議由你決定。)liein在于：1)Thedifficultyliesintheirgreatpoverty.(困難在于他們非常貧困。)2)thesolutionliesinsocialandpoliticalreform.(解決方法在于社會(huì)政治改革。)122.Peoplewholiveinasmallvillageareboundtoseeagood_____ofeachother.

A.sum

B.quantity

C.deal

D.amount[答案]C.deal.[注釋]seeagooddealofeachother經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面。123.Maria_____missedthefirsttrainsoastotravelonthesameoneasJohn.

A.deliberately

B.intensively

C.decisively

D.objectively[答案]A.deliberately.[注釋]deliberately(=onpurpose,intentionally)故意地；存心地。124.Theyalwayskeptongood_____withtheirnext-doorneighborsforthechildren'ssake.

A.friendship

B.relations

C.intentions

D.terms[答案]D.terms.[注釋]keep(be)ongoodtermswith與......和睦相處。125.Doyouthinkawifeshould_____herhabitsandtastestothoseofherhusband?

A.comply

B.confirm

C.consent

D.conform[答案]D.conform.[注釋]conformvi遵守，符號(hào)：Allthestudentsmustconformtotherules.(全體學(xué)生必須遵守規(guī)章。)conformsth.tosth.else(vt)使符合：Heconformedtheplanstothenewspecifications.(他使這些集合符合新規(guī)范。)

complywith遵守；confirm使堅(jiān)定，確認(rèn)，證實(shí)；consent(to)同意，贊同。

126.Hewasafraidthatthebranchmightbendoverandbreak,andhewouldbesent_____totheground.

A.crashing

B.throwing

C.rushing

D.dropping[答案]A.crashing.[注釋]crash(totheground)猛跌（到地上）。Crashn.

常指飛機(jī)等的“失事”，如：Hewaskilledinanaircraftcrash.(他在飛機(jī)失事中喪生。)本句中用falling不妥，fall指“落下，掉下”，本身并不強(qiáng)調(diào)落下的速度，而crash使“猛跌”，故本題用crashing最佳。127.Highinterestrates_____peoplefromborrowingmoney.

A.discourage

B.decrease

C.disturb

D.disgust[答案]A.discourage[注釋]discouragesb.fromdoingsth.使認(rèn)為某事不值得做：Thtwetweatherdiscouragedpeoplefromgoingtothesportsmeeting.(下雨天使人覺(jué)得不值得去看運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。)128.Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof_____standards.

A.equivalent

B.uniform

C.alike

D.likely[答案]A.equivalent.[注釋]equivalent相等的，相當(dāng)?shù)模篐eexchangedhispoundsfortheequivalentamountofdollars.uniform相同的,一樣的。Likelyadj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表語(yǔ)形容詞)相同的，相象的。129.Thetwothingsarethesameinoutwardformbutdifferent_____.

A.inaddition

B.inbrief

C.incommon

D.inessence[答案]D.inessence.[注釋]inessence本質(zhì)上；inaddition此外；inbrief簡(jiǎn)短地，簡(jiǎn)言之；incommon共同。130._____itisagoodthingIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor,thoughImustadmitthatIwasdisappointedatthetime.

A.Bytheway

B.Inaway

C.Intheway

D.Innoway[答案]B.Inaway.[注釋]inaway(-tosomeextent)在某種程度上；innoway決不；bytheway順便提一下；intheway礙事。此題不能選bytheway，因?yàn)閎ytheway做插入語(yǔ)其后應(yīng)加逗號(hào)。本題譯文：我沒(méi)有得到我申請(qǐng)得工作在某種程度上說(shuō)是件好事，盡管我承認(rèn)當(dāng)時(shí)我很失望。

131._____invitingguestsandnottreatingthemproperly!

A.Strangely

B.Fantastically

C.Surprisingly

D.Fancy[答案]D.Fancy.[注釋]fancydoing沒(méi)想到.......竟然：1)Fancyyourhim!(沒(méi)想到你竟然認(rèn)識(shí)他！)2)Fancyspendingthedayinhere!(沒(méi)想到竟在這里過(guò)了一天！)本題譯文：沒(méi)想到邀請(qǐng)了客人竟沒(méi)有好好招待！132.WithsufficientscientificinformationamannedtriptoMarsshouldbe_____.

A.obtainable

B.potential

C.considerable

D.feasible

[答案]D.feasible.[注釋]feasible(=thatcanbedone)可行的，可做到的：1)Yourplansoundsquitefeasible.(你的計(jì)劃聽(tīng)起來(lái)很可行。)2)It'snotfeasibletomakethetripinoneday.(一天內(nèi)要進(jìn)行這次旅行是做不到的。)obtainable可得到的；considerable相當(dāng)?shù)?，可觀的；potential潛在的，可能的。

133.Thegeneration_____makesitdifficultforparentstounderstandtheirchildren'sopinions.

A.division

B.gap

C.separation

D.interval[答案]B.gap.[注釋]generationgap代溝。division分，劃分；separation分開(kāi)；interval間隔，間隙；（幕間或工間）休息。atintervals不時(shí)，時(shí)時(shí)134.Iftheboyhad_____thedogaloneitwouldn'thavebittenhim.

A.set

B.left

C.had

D.put[答案]B.left.[注釋]leavesb./sth.alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leavetheboxalone.(別碰那個(gè)盒子。)135.TheyweresofarawaythatIcouldn't_____theirfacesclearly.

A.seethrough

B.makeup

C.seeoff

D.makeout[答案]D.makeout.[注釋]makeout(=identifyandseewitheffortordifficulty)辨認(rèn)出。seethrough參閱Ⅲ，151,注釋:此處seethrough還可表示“看穿......(=understandtherealmeaningoforreasonfor;realizethefalsenessof)”：1)Theteachersawthroughtheboy'sstoryofhavingtohelpathome.(=Theteacherknewhisstorywasnottrue;itwasjustanexcuse.)2)Hecan'tfoolher.Sheseeshimthrougheverytime.

seeoff送行；makeup構(gòu)成，組成，拼湊；彌補(bǔ)，賠償；化裝，編造：1)編造：Johnmadeupthejokeaboutthetalkingdog.2)彌補(bǔ)：Bobmustmakeuptheworkhemissed.3)湊足：Weneedonemoretomakeupthedozen.4)化裝：Theactorsweremakingupwhenwearrived.5)構(gòu)成：Nineplayersmakeupateam.136.AchievingahighdegreeofproficiencyinEnglishasaforeignlanguageisnotamysterious_____

withoutscientificbasis.

A.process

B.practice

C.procedure

D.program

[答案]A.process.[注釋]process(=connectedseriesofactions,orseriesofoperations)過(guò)程：Bywhatprocessisclothmadeformwool?(經(jīng)過(guò)什么過(guò)程羊毛織成呢料？)practice(=thedoingofsomethingof,performanceorrepeatedexercise,etc.)實(shí)習(xí)，練習(xí)；開(kāi)業(yè):Sheisdoingherpracticeatthepiano.(她在練習(xí)彈鋼琴。)procedure(=theregularorderofdoingthings)程序：theusualprocedureatameeting(開(kāi)會(huì)的通常程序)。Program(=planofwhatistobedoneorlistofitemsorevents)課程，計(jì)劃，大綱：Whatistheprogramfortomorrow?(明天上什么課?)137.Imustgonow._____,ifyouwantthatbookI'llbringitnexttime.

A.Incidentally

B.Accidentally

C.Occasionally

D.Subsequently[答案]A.Incidentally.[注釋]incidentally(=bytheway)附帶地，順便：Fredsaid,incidentally,thathehadnodinner.(順便提一下，福來(lái)德那時(shí)說(shuō)，他還沒(méi)吃晚飯。)accidentally(=bychance)偶然地：Imetwithanoldfriendofmineaccidentallylastweek.(上星期我偶然碰到一位老朋友。)occasionally(=fromtimetotime,notregularly)不時(shí)地，偶爾：Wegetvisitorshereoccasionally.(我們偶爾在此接游客。)subsequently(=afterwards,later)Atfirstwethoughtwewouldgo;butsubsequentlywelearnedwewereneededathome.(起初,我們想離開(kāi)；但隨后我們得知家里需要我們。)138.Acompletelynewsituationislikelyto_____whentheschoolleavingageisraisedto16.

A.arouse

B.rise

C.arise

D.abide[答案]C.arise.[注釋]arise(=comeintobeing,appear,happen)產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生：Difficultieswillariseaswedothework.(我們做這項(xiàng)工作時(shí)將會(huì)發(fā)生困難。)arouse喚起，激起，喚醒；rise上升;abide(by)遵守。本題譯文：當(dāng)中學(xué)畢業(yè)年齡上升到16歲時(shí)，很可能產(chǎn)生完全新的情況。139.TheillnessfromwhichMaryissufferinghasnowbeen_____ashepatitis(肝炎).

A.diagnosed

B.determined

C.deduced

D.discovered[答案]A.diagnosed.[注釋]diagnose...as把......診斷為......。本題譯文：瑪麗的病現(xiàn)已診斷為肝炎。140.Thesecontinual_____intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

A.alterations

B.vibrations

C.waves

D.fluctuations[答案]D.fluctuations.

[注釋]fluctuations波動(dòng)；waves波浪；alterations(部分)改變，變更；vibrations(物理學(xué)上)振動(dòng)。

141.Allforeignvisitorsarerequestedto_____withtheregulationsinthisarea.

A.agree

B.comply

C.consent

D.conform[答案]B.comply.[注釋]complywith(=actinaccordancewithademand,order,rule,etc.)遵守：Peoplewhorefusetocomplywiththelawwillbepunished.(拒絕遵守法律者將受到懲罰。)conform(to)使一致，符合；conformtorules符合規(guī)則；conformtothecustomsofsociety(遵從社會(huì)習(xí)俗)；consentto同意，贊同；consenttoaplan(贊同計(jì)劃)。142.ThomasEdisonconsideredgeniustobe_____onepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.

A.composedof

B.constitutedin

C.consistedof

D.comprisedin[答案]A.composedof.

[注釋]becomposedof由......組成。Consistof由......組成，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故不合題意。143.AlthoughLucywasslimming,shefoundcreamcakesquite_____.

A.irregular

B.inevitable

C.incredible

D.irresistible[答案]D.irresistible[注釋]irresistible不可抵抗的，誘人的，1)Ihadairresistibledesiretorunaway,2)Ican'trefusethisoffer;itisirresistible.

Irregular不規(guī)律的,不合規(guī)則的：1)thetrainsfromhereareirregular.(這里發(fā)的火車是不規(guī)律的。)2)Theseproceduresarehighlyirregular.(這些程序是非常不合規(guī)矩的。)incredible不可避免的，不可信的：1)Oldsuperstitionsareincredibletoeducatedpeople.（舊的迷信對(duì)受過(guò)教育的人來(lái)說(shuō)是不可信的。）2)Hisstoryofrescuingsixdrowningmenisincredible.(他說(shuō)他救了6個(gè)溺水者，這是難以置信的。)

inevitable不可避免的：1)Trafficdelaysareinevitableataholidayweekend.（假日周末交通耽擱是難免的。）2)PainisInevitablewhenonebreaksabone.（骨折是疼痛是難避免的。）本題譯文：雖然露西正在減輕體重，但她覺(jué)得奶油蛋糕是誘人的。144.Inorderto_____therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.

A.addupto

B.lookupto

C.cutshort

D.keepupwith[答案]D.keepupwith.[注釋]keepupwith跟上。參閱。88注釋。Addupto參閱.2注釋；cutshort詳見(jiàn).38;lookupto(=admire,respect)贊美，尊敬：Welookuptotheoldworkersasourteacher.（我們把這位老工人尊為我們的老師。）本題中rates意為“價(jià)格，費(fèi)用”。本題譯文：為了跟上生產(chǎn)成本的上升，預(yù)定費(fèi)已提高。145.Youressayisquitegood:just_____it_____withafewillustrationsandquotations.

A.put..up

B.touch..up

C.cut..out

D.write..off[答案]B.touchup.[注釋]touchup(=improveorperfectbysmalladditionalstrokesoralterations)潤(rùn)色，修飾：1)Thelastpartofthearticleneedstobetouchedup.(這篇文章的最后一部分需要潤(rùn)色。)2)Hetouchedupthepicturebystrengtheningandshadows.(他把畫修飾了一下，使光明部分和陰暗部分的對(duì)比度更鮮明。)putup留宿；cutout刪掉；writeoff報(bào)銷，勾消。本題譯文：你的文章很好；只要用些例證和引語(yǔ)修飾一下。146.Ihopemyteacherwilltakemyrecentillnessinto_____whenjudgingmyexamination.

A.regard

B.account

C.thought

D.observation[答案]B.account.[注釋]takesth.intoaccount(=consider)考慮到：Wemusttakelocalconditionsintoaccoutn.147.Therearethreebasicwaysof_____languagetowri