專題2 代詞-2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件

第二講

不可忽視的小詞：代詞、冠詞、介詞和數(shù)詞專題2.1代

詞考向1人稱、物主與反身代詞單句語法填空1.(2023·全國卷I)

Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof_______(they)contents.解析：考查代詞。句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包有一個(gè)精致的外皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠籃中拿出來，而不會(huì)撕裂或溢出里面的東西。修飾后面的名詞contents

(東西)需用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。2.(2020·全國卷II)Readersareencouragedtocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceof_____(we)FurtherResourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.解析：考查代詞。所填的詞作定語,修飾名詞FurtherResourcessection，所以用形容詞性的物主代詞。故填our。theirour3.(2020·全國卷II)...inthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin______(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamusttovisit!解析：考查名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)前一句來理解，說明“......也深深在印在我的記憶中”，此處應(yīng)該是mymemory，然后依照語法規(guī)則，用mine來代替。故填mine。4.(2020·全國卷I)Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether_____(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.解析：根據(jù)空格后的名詞plan及前面的結(jié)構(gòu)可知要用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。mineits5.(2020·新高考全國卷I)

Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations

(模擬)andimagine__________(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.解析：考查反身代詞的用法。句子主語是visitors，此空又在動(dòng)詞imagine后面做賓語，應(yīng)該用反身代詞。故填themselves。6.(2018·全國卷I)

Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive__________atry.解析：考查代詞或名詞的用法。句意：如果你時(shí)間不充裕，你只需要花費(fèi)其他運(yùn)動(dòng)一半的時(shí)間去跑步便可獲得同樣的好處，因此或許我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處giveitatry意為：試試。此處it可以指running。故填it或running。themselvesit/running7.

(2018·浙江卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap_____canbetoeatout.解析：考查it用法。句子howcheap...canbetoeatout.是由感嘆句轉(zhuǎn)換的賓語從句，正常語序應(yīng)該是itcanbehowcheaptoeatout.其中不定式toeatout是真正主語，it是形式主語。故填it。8.

(2017·浙江)Pahlssonscreamedsoloudlythatherdaughtercamerunningfromthehouse.“ShethoughtIhadhurt_______(I),”saysPahlsson.解析：句意：她原本以為我傷到了自己。根據(jù)句意可知用I的反身代詞myself。itmyself9.

(全國I)

Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-old

twinthathadbeenrejectedby_____

(it)mother.解析：根據(jù)空格后的名詞及前面的alivelythree-month-oldtwin可知要用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。10.(全國I)

Afewhoursbefore,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,

with

_____

(it)chokingsmog.解析：空格后面有名詞smog，故要使用形容詞性物主代詞its。itsits11.

(廣東)

Nowitoccurredto_____

(he)thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.解析：Itoccurredtosb.

that...某人突然想到……，是一個(gè)固定句型，此句型中sb.為賓語，應(yīng)用賓格形式，故填him。12.

(新課標(biāo)全國II)

Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear!It’s________(I).”解析：此題答案不唯一，要根據(jù)語境仔細(xì)揣摩。此處的it如果指前面的suitcase的話，那么此空需要使用名詞性物主代詞mine，表示“那個(gè)箱子是我的”；如果指前面的anyone的話，那么此空需要用Ⅰ的賓格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丟失了手提箱”。himme/mine考向2替代詞及不定代詞單句語法填空1.(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind

______

(they)alive.解析：考查代詞。此處做find的賓語，所以用賓格them。2.(2017·全國Ⅱ)

However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing____everyday.解析：use是及物動(dòng)詞，其后接賓語，此處很明顯缺少代詞。分析句意可知，此處用it指代上文提到的therailway。themit3.(遼寧)Keepholdingyourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrengthandflexibility.Raiseyourlegandlet

_____

stayintheairforseconds.解析：根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)填入指代leg的代詞。句意：抬起腿，讓它(it)在空中停一會(huì)兒。4.(廣東)

Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid___wasawonderfulholidaydestination.解析：從空后的awonderfulholidaydestination可知，這個(gè)地方就是Miami，用it指代前面提到的地點(diǎn)。5.(廣東)

Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehadanamazingconversation.Itmade______ofusfeelgood.解析：根據(jù)文意可知，空后的us指上文提到的“theman”和“I”，故此處指這使我們“兩個(gè)人”都感到很好。ititboth考點(diǎn)精析代詞的分類復(fù)

數(shù)復(fù)

數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主語Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey賓格meyouhim,her,itusyouthem物主代詞形容詞性myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代詞this,that,these,those,such,thesame疑問代詞連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,which,thatas不定代詞some,any,every,each,many,much,afew,alittle,all,none,both,either,neither,other,another相互代詞eachother,oneanother代詞分為九類，大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。代詞的核心考點(diǎn)1.人稱代詞人稱代詞主格Iyou(你)you(你們)wehesheitthey人稱代詞賓格meyouyouushimheritthem人稱代詞主格=主語/同位語人稱代詞作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)用主格形式TheyalwaysthoughtIwouldbecomeanEnglishteacher.主語主語人稱代詞賓格=表語/賓語人稱代詞賓格形式作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語人稱代詞賓格形式在系動(dòng)詞后作表語①I’mhonouredthatyouwouldaskmeforadvice.你向我征詢建議，我倍感榮幸。作動(dòng)詞賓語②Myfatherisalwayspatientwithmeforadvice.父親總是耐心地向我請(qǐng)教。作介詞賓語2.物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞myyour(你的)your(你們的)ourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineyoursyoursourshishersitstheirs形容詞性物主代詞(定語)+名詞形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞作用，置于名詞前作定語形容詞性物主代詞+own+名詞“某人自己的……”①Shedrovehercarintothelocalgamereserve.作定語，修飾car②Theymadetheirownclothes.作定語，修飾clothes名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞名詞性物主代詞后不能接名詞在句中作主語、動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語或表語①It’snotmyphone.Mineisonthedesk.

這不是我的手機(jī)，我的在桌子上。②She’sanoldfriendofyours.

她是你的一個(gè)老朋友。作主語作賓語2.反身代詞單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves動(dòng)詞/介詞+oneself/系動(dòng)詞+oneself反身代詞在句中可作賓語、表語、同位語，但不可作主語反身代詞的人稱和數(shù)必須與所指代的名詞或代詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致①Heknowsexactlyhowtomakehimselfrelaxed.他清楚地知道如何放松自己。②Iamnotmyselftoday.今天我感覺不舒服。作動(dòng)詞賓語作表語含反身代詞的固定搭配enjoyoneself玩得愉快

teachoneself自學(xué)behaveoneself舉止得體

seatoneself坐下cometooneself蘇醒

devoteoneselfto致力于……h(huán)elponeselfto自己取用……

makeoneselfathome不拘束byoneself獨(dú)自地

ofoneself自動(dòng)地foroneself為自己

inoneself本身it的用法it=上文出現(xiàn)的同一個(gè)人或事物it與one/that等代詞用法在閱讀理解的詞義猜測(cè)題中是考查熱點(diǎn)，應(yīng)特別重視it=上文的原文/原物/原人

one=a(n)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞ones=泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞

theone=the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that=the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞

theones/those=the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞①Ileftmyelectronicdictionaryinmydrawer,butnowitisgone.

我把電子詞典放在抽屜里，可現(xiàn)在不見了。②Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,one

(=apresent)thatIhadneverseen.

張先生給了我一份非常珍貴的禮物，一份我從來沒有見過的（禮物）。③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthat

(=thepopulation)oftheUnitedStates.

中國的人口比美國人口多。④ThestudentsinClassOnearemoreactivethanthose

(thestudents)inClassFour.

一班的學(xué)生比四班的學(xué)生活躍。it指代說話者不清楚的人/性別不明的嬰兒

Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whomightitbe?

有人在敲門，會(huì)是誰呢？it指代身份不明的人it=時(shí)間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等①Oneeveningwhenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurpose.有一天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意不睡覺。②Itisnotfarfromheretothehotel.這兒離賓館不遠(yuǎn)。指天氣指距離it作形式主語、代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句Itbe+adj.(+of/forsb.)+不定式Itbenogood/use/pleasure+doingsth.做某事沒有好處/用處/樂趣Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事Ittakes

(+sb.)sometime/moneytodosth.（某人）花時(shí)間/錢做某事Itisapity/afact/nowonder+that從句很遺憾……/事實(shí)是……/難怪……Itissaid/reported/believed/considered...that從句據(jù)說/報(bào)道/相信/認(rèn)為……Itoccursto/hits/strikessb.that從句某人突然想起……①Itisfoolishofyoutomakethesamemistakeagain.你太蠢了，又一次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。②Itisnopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylonger.觀看這些已經(jīng)不再有趣。③It’sawonderthatyoucouldfinishsuchahardtaskinsuchashorttime.你在如此短的時(shí)間完成這么難的任務(wù)真是個(gè)奇跡。形式主語真正的主語形式主語形式主語真正的主語真正的主語it作形式賓語→主語+謂語+it+todo

/

doing

/從句主語+like/enjoy/prefer/love/hate/dislike/appreciate+when/if從句主語+think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等+it+adj./n.(for/ofsb.)todo/從句主語+think/believe/find/consider/feel/make等+it+useless/worthwhile/nouse/nogood+doing...①Iwouldappreciateitifyoupayincash.

如果你用現(xiàn)金支付我將不勝感激。②Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.

我仍然發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與他們交友。真正的賓語形式賓語形式賓語真正的賓語it用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)makeit成功；設(shè)法到達(dá)；約定時(shí)間manageit設(shè)法做成getit明白takeiteasy別著急asitis照現(xiàn)狀assomeoneputit照某人所說Don’tmentionit.不客氣。believeitornot信不信由你whenitcomesto...談到……不定代詞不同范圍下不定代詞的使用都任何（一個(gè)）都不另外兩者botheitherneithertheother三者或三者以上allanynoneanother①Theybothlikethefilm.

他們兩個(gè)都喜歡這部電影。②Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundeitherofthemagain.

他的脾氣和健康在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中變得很差，并且之后再也沒恢復(fù)過來。③Thiscapistoosmallforme.Showmeanother

(one).

這頂帽子對(duì)我來說太小了，給我再看一頂。④Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher;

theotherisadoctor.

這位老人有兩個(gè)兒子，一個(gè)是老師，另一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。many,much,few,

littlefew“很少人（或事物、地方）”、afew“有些（人、事物、地方）；一些”，指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞little“不多的”，alittle“少量的；一些”，指代不可數(shù)名詞many“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much表示“許多”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞①Fortunately,Ihadalittlemoneyleft.

幸運(yùn)的是，我剩了點(diǎn)錢。②Veryfewoftheteachersactuallylivehere.

這些老師中幾乎沒有幾個(gè)住在這兒。表肯定含義，修飾不可數(shù)名詞money表否定含義，指代可數(shù)名詞teachersnone,nothing,noone

/

nobody的區(qū)別none指人或物，表特指，可與of短語連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問詞howmany/muchnothing指物，表泛指，不與of短語連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問詞whatnoone/nobody指代人，表泛指，不與of短語連用，對(duì)應(yīng)疑問詞who①M(fèi)ybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutnonewasavailablefromthatshop.我哥哥想買一塊手表，但是那個(gè)商店沒有一塊好的。②Michaelwaitedforanhour,butnoonecame.邁克爾等了一個(gè)小時(shí)，但是沒有人來。代詞的部分否定和全部否定all,both,everyone,everybody,everything以及“every+名詞”與not連用時(shí)，表部分否定noone,nobody,none,neither,not...any/either以及“no+名詞”表全部否定not與總括性副詞，如：everywhere,always等連用時(shí)，也表示部分否定①Notallthebooksareuseful./Allthebooksarenotuseful.

并非所有書都有用。②Notbothbooksareinteresting.

/

Bothbooksarenotinteresting.

并非兩本書都有趣。③Everystudentdoesn’tgotoschoolonSunday.

并非每個(gè)學(xué)生周日都去學(xué)校。④Noteverybodyinourclasslikesreading.

并非我們班的每個(gè)人都喜歡閱讀。⑤Heknowsnoteverythingaboutit.

他對(duì)此事并非全都知道。習(xí)慣搭配中的不定代詞nothingbut僅僅；只是anythingbut決不eachother（兩者）互相oneanother

(三者或以上）互相oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)everyotherday每隔一天some...others...一些……另一些……some...,theothers..一些……，其余的全部……one...,

theothers...一個(gè)……，其余的全部……some...

some...others..有些……，有些……，另一些……1.單句語法填空1.ThepopulationofScotlandwaseighttimesaslargeas_____ofCornwall.2.Whenthefactorycloses,____willmean500workerswillbeoutofwork.3.IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.Butsherefused.4.ItissaidthatashorttemperedmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasveryanxioustohope_____ricecropgrowingupquickly...Oneday,hecameupwithanideathathewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.5.Tomfeltthathekneweverybody’sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit___________.thatitherhisthemselves6.Theboypromised_____mothernevertolieto

again.7.Kateandhersisterwentonholidaywithacousinof_______.8.Mydaughteroftenmakesascheduletoget________remindedofwhatsheistodointheday.9.Themotherdidn’tknow______toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.10.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymind______tobuy.histheirsherselfwhowhichⅡ.語法填空(代詞專練)

Ican’tbelieveImade_____

intoSanFranciscoatlast!