2023屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷(含答案)

2023屆普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷學(xué)校：___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

一、閱讀理解TheCanadianAuthorsAssociation(CAA)isanon-profitnationalartsserviceorganizationwithalocalpresencedevotedtopromotingaflourishingcommunityofwritersacrossCanada.Theassociationoffersprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiestowritersofalllevelsinallgenres,withtheaimofhelpingwritersdevelopskillsinboththecraftandbusinessofwriting,andprovidingaccesstoaCanada-widenetworkofwritersandpublishingindustryprofessionals.Overthecentury,some25,000writershavebeenmembers,includingRobertsW.Service,BlissCarmanandE.J.Pratt.Infollow-uptothe101stanniversaryoftheCanadianAuthorsAssociation,theNationalCapitalRegionBranchinvitesallwriterstotakepartinthe36thAnnualNationalCapitalWritingContest.The36thAnnualNationalCapitalWritingContestDeadline:March21,2023at11:59pm.ShortStory:maximum2,500words,unpublished,inEnglish.Poetry:maximum60linesincludingthetitleandblanklines,unpublished,inEnglish.Awards:AwardsNightwilltakeplaceonWednesday,June14,2023,withcashawardsfor1st,2ndand3rdplacements($300,$200,$100)andthreehonorablementionsforeachcategory.EntryFees:Poetry:85persinglepoem;ShortStory:$15persinglestory.ThecontestisopentoallCanadiancitizensorlandedimmigrantslivinginCanada.Namesorotheridentifiersmustnotappearanywhereinthestoryorpoemasentrieswillbeblindjudged.Thejudges'decisionsarefinal.Noentrieswillbereturned.Formultipleentries,eachmustbeaccompaniedbyitsentryfeeandseparatecover.1、WhatdoweknowabouttheCAA?A.Itisinconvenientlylocated.B.Itrunsonacommercialbasis.C.Itsuitspeoplewhohavereachedanadvancedlevel.D.ItprovideswritersacrossCanadawiththechancesofcareerdevelopment.2、Whichofthefollowingwillbequalified?A.Writingpoemsof25linesinall.B.SendingworksonJune14,2023.C.Requestingentriestobereturned.D.ArrangingthepublicationofshortstoriesinFebruary.3、Howmuchareyourtotalentryfeesfortwopoemsandtwoshortstories?A.$35. B.$40. C.$45. D.$50.InventedintheTangDynastyandwidelyadoptedaftertheSongDynastyinFujian,thewatertight-bulkhead(水密艙壁)technologypermitstheconstructionofocean-goingshipswithwatertightcompartments(隔層).Ifoneortwocabinsareaccidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsandtheshipswillremainafloat.Theexperienceandworkingmethodsofwatertight-bulkheadtechnologyaretransmittedorallyfrommastertoapprentices.However,theneedforChinesejunks(中國(guó)式帆船)hasdecreasedsharplyaswoodenshipshavebeenreplacedbysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.Associatedbuildingcostshavealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance(繼承)ofthisheritageisdecreasing,andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomakeChinesejunks,hasbeenmakingshipsformorethansixdecades.ComingfromapoorfamilyinafishingtowninEastChina'sFujianProvince,Zhangstartedtomakealivingattheageof16fishingontheopenseas,whichiswherehedevelopedakeeninterestinconstructingboats.Asafastlearner,ZhangwaslatersenttoshipyardsinthecitiesofQuanzhouandXiameninFujianProvince,wherehereceivedtrainingandbecameamasteroftraditionalChinesejunksandgainedfamebecauseofhisextremelyskilledcraftsmanshipintheconstructionofthesejunks.Infearthatthetraditionalskillswoulddiesomeday,Zhangstartedtorestoreoldshipsandmakemodeljunksforthemuseumwithhis20yearsofshipbuildingskills."TherestoredancientshipsarethehistoricalwitnessesofQuanzhouasamaritimecenteroftheEastandSoutheastAsiatradenetwork,"saidZhang,addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsinceyoungergenerationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnologyatanearlystageofdevelopment."AslongasI'malive,I'llkeeppassingontheheritage,"hesaid.4、Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewatertight-bulkheadtechnology?A.Topreventshipsfromsinking. B.Toreducetheweightofships.C.Toallowshipstosailfaster. D.Tohelpships.resiststrongwinds.5、Whichofthefollowingisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Toprovethesignificanceofsteel-hulledships.B.Tostressthecomplexprocessofbuildingwoodenships.C.Topresentpeople'seffortstopassdownculturalheritages.D.Toshowdifficultiesofinheritingwatertight-bulkheadtechnology.6、WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangGuohuifromparagraph3?A.Hesupportshisfamilybyfishing.B.Hewasbornwithatalentforshipbuilding.C.Hehasdevotedhimselftoconstructingboats.D.Hehaswonmanyawardsforrestoringancientships.7、WhatdoesZhangGuohuiconveyinhiswords?A.Traditionalcultureshouldbeinnovatedwiththetimes.B.TheancientshiptradeoriginatedfromQuanzhouinChina.C.Itisnecessaryformodernstudentstolearnshipbuildingskills.D.Itisworthpassingontraditionalskillsfromgenerationtogeneration.

TheChinesenewyearbeginson22January,2023andlastsuntil9February,2024.WhilemostofAsiacelebratestheyearoftherabbit,Vietnamcelebratestheyearofthecat.IntheChinesezodiac(十二生肖),thereare12animals,andthe4thanimalistherabbit;whileintheVietnamesezodiac,the4thpositionisoccupiedbythecat.Howthecatcoveredfor

therabbitinVietnam'szodiacisstillthesubjectofdebate.

ItwassaidtheJadeEmperororganizedaraceacrossariverforalltheanimalsintheworld.Thefirst12toreachtheothersidewouldappearinthezodiac.IntheChineseversionofthestory,thecatandtheratwereridingacrossariveronanoxwhentheratpushedthecatintothewater.Theratwontherace,turningthetwoanimalsintoenemies.Thatiswhycatshavebeenhuntingratseversince.However,intheVietnameseversion—whichdidnothavearabbit—thecatcouldswimandendeduparriving.

Onepossibleexplanationforreplacingrabbitwithcatmighthavetodowithlanguage.InoldChinese,thereisawordtiedtothesignoftherabbitthatispronouncedmao(卵).The

pronunciationissimilartomèo,theVietnamesewordforcat.

QuyenDi,alectureratUCLA,saidthecustomhastodowiththelandscapeofVietnam.“Initially,theChineselivedinthesavanna(稀樹(shù)草原)area,whiletheVietnameselivedinthelowlandarea.Thepeopleofthesavannapreferanomadiclife,closetothewilderness,andtheychosetherabbitasananimalthatlivedinthewildfields.Incontrast,thelowlandpeopleofVietnamconsiderrabbitsasanimalsthatareusedforfoodandchosethecatbecausetheybelievecatsarefriendslivingintheirhouse.

Thisyear,manyVietnamesearebuyingnewcat-themedcasesfortheirmobilephones.AndoneofthetopGooglesearchesinVietnamis"whythereisnocatintheChinesezodiac".8、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"coveredfor"inparagraph1referto?A.tookchargeof. B.foughtfor.C.tooktheplaceof. D.dependedon.9、WhatcanwelearnfromtheVietnamesczodiacstory?A.TheJadeEmperorshowedfavortothecat.B.Therabbitfellintotheriverinthezodiacrace.C.Thecatfinishedfourthbyswimmingacrosstheriver.D.Theratandtherabbitwereenemiesinancienttimes.10、AccordingtoQuyenDi,whatmadetheVietnamesechoosethecat?A.Theirlivingenvironment.B.Theirlanguagepronunciation.C.Theirlifestyleofraisingcatsaspets.D.Theircustomofhuntingrabbitsforfood.11、Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryoftheChineseZodiacB.WaysofCelebratingtheYearoftheRabbitC.ThePopularityofChineseTraditionalCultureD.TheOriginoftheYearoftheCatinVietnamAteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂層)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup—byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear.However,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.12、Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A.Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B.Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C.Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.13、Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B.Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C.Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.14、Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A.Itisconsiderablyexpensive. B.Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C.Ittakestoomuchtimetoproduce. D.Itisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.15、Whatdotheresearchersplantodonext?A.Applyforapatentfortheinvention.B.Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.C.Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.D.Seekacheapermaterialasanalternativetogold.二、七選五16、Familiesprovideasourceofcomfortandsafetythroughlove,support,andacceptance.Spendingqualitytimewithyourlovedonesbenefitsyouinmanywaysandherearesomeofthem:①_____Inaworldwhereyoumayfeellikeeveryoneiswatching,itcanbestressfultoshowyourtruecolorsforfearofbeingjudged.AccordingtoPsychCentral,sharingyourpersonalopinionswithafamilymemberallowsyoutoreconnectwithyourtrueself,andyourfamilywillbenefitfromeasyandopencommunication.Getemotionalsupport.Haveyoueverbeeninasituationwhereemotionsarerunninghigh?Yournaturalinstinctmaybetoturntoyourfamilyforemotionalsupport.Whenyou'refeelingsadoronedge,itcanoffergreatcomfortandeaseyouthroughthesituation.②_____Allowyoutodevelopvaluableskills.Youcanbuildself-esteem(自尊)bylearningproblem-solvingandcommunicationskillsfrom③_____What'smore,familygatheringsordinnertimeinteractionscanhelpfamiliesyourparents.learntolisten,andbuildtrust,confidence,understanding,andrespect.Establishlovingrelationships.④_____Spendingtimetogetherasafamily,withoutdistractions,createsanatmospherebeneficialtoopencommunicationandconnections.Becauseofyourtightschedule,it'seasytoforgettocheckwithyourfamilyabouthowtheirdaywent.Setasidearegulartimetocommunicate.Createlifelongmemories.Manythingscanbedonewithfamilymemberstocreatepositivememories,includinggoingonfamilyvacations,spendingqualitytimetogetherathome,ordiscoveringafunhobbyyoucanenjoy.⑤_____What'smore,theyhelpreinforce(加強(qiáng))familyvalues.A.Boostyourmood.B.Giveyoufreedomofexpression.C.Thequalityoffamilyrelationshipscanexistforever.D.Familytimedevelopsrelationshipsbasedonloveandtrust.E.Thesethingscangivefamilymembersasenseofbelonging.F.Observinghowparentsinteractteachesyouhowtoactandcommunicate.G.Youcanaskyourfamilyforsupport,advice,orashouldertocryonwhentimesgettough.三、完形填空（20空）ElephantsarethelargestexistinglandmammalsontheEarth;andasa1,theyrequire2.Ashumanpopulationshavegrownaroundtheworld,largeareasoflandinorderto3habitatloss.Inanefforttodrawelephantpopulationshavesignificantlyfallenduetoattentiontotheanimal's4,ElephantFamilyandTheRealElephantCollectivehaveworkedtogetherto5Co-Existence—anenvironmentalartexhibitionof100life-sizedlantanaelephant6.TheCo-ExistenceelephantsstartedtheirlongjourneyinIndia,wheretheyweremadeby7communitiesinthejunglesofTamilNadu.Thesehandmadesculptureswereamazing.InJune2021,atotalofeightseparateherdswere8tothepublicinLondon.The9oftheexhibitionwastohighlighttheeffectsofhumans'10wildspaces.11theelephantsculpturesweremeanttobeadmired,theyalso12amessage:weshouldchangethewaywelivebyexistingin13withthewildlifeandnature."Weshouldvalueour14withnatureandcelebratealllifeformsaroundusbysharingspace,"saysDr.TarshThekaekaraofTheRealElephantCollective.Funds15bytheCo-Existencemovementweregiventograssroots16throughoutIndia.Theseorganizationstriedtoallowpeopleandwildlifetocoexist17.Someoftheirmeasuresinclude18localknowledgeaboutwildlife,creatingtechnologicalsolutionstokeepbothanimalsandpeoplesafein19spaces,easingtheeffectofroadsandrailwaylinestomakesurewildlifecan20getacross.17、A.whole B.rule C.reference D.result18、A.survive B.play C.rest D.conquer19、A.rapid B.tough C.mild D.fresh20、A.section B.distribution C.contribution D.situation21、A.arouse B.launch C.adopt D.adapt22、A.sculptures B.cases C.places D.models23、A.neighboring B.volunteering C.active D.native24、A.made B.stated C.displayed D.targeted25、A.design B.evaluation C.aim D.feedback26、A.takingover B.callingon C.takingup D.callingfor27、A.If B.While C.Unless D.Since28、A.injected B.formed C.carried D.selected29、A.line B.harmony C.comparison D.touch30、A.tale B.demand C.relief D.connection31、A.owed B.earned C.raised D.tipped32、A.events B.clients C.agencies D.organizations33、A.peacefully B.quietly C.roughly D.randomly34、A.learning B.promoting C.producing D.collecting35、A.private B.shared C.different D.remote36、A.safely B.consciously C.anxiously D.hopefully四、語(yǔ)法填空37、TheWanderingEarthisChina'sbiggestsci-fifilmtodate.①_____(direct)byFrantGwoofMyOldClassmateandstarringWuJingofWolfWarrior1and2,TheWanderingEarthwasoneof②_____mostanticipatedfilmsof2019.ThefilmisbasedonashortstorybyLiuCixin,③_____flagshipworkTheThreeBodyProblemwas④_____(original)supposedtoreceivethecinematictreatmentbeforeproductionissuesshelvedthemovie.Thefilm⑤_____(release)onFeb.5,2019.ItissetinafutureEarth,whoseinhabitantspreparetoescapefromthesolarsystemasthesunexpandsintoaredgiantphase,⑥_____(threaten)toengulf(吞沒(méi))Earthinflames.AstheexpandingsunchangestheclimateoftheEarth,thegovernmentsoftheworldunite⑦_(dá)____theleadershipoftheUNSecurityCounciltobuildmassiveenginestopushtheplanetoutofthesolarsystemandtowardsnearbyProximaCentauri.Atthesametime,the⑧_____(resident)ofEarthmovetoundergroundcitiesforthethousands-year-longtransit.However,justastheEarthbeginson⑨_____(it)journeyacrossthegalaxy,itgetstrappedinthegravitywellofJupiter—afterwhichit'suptoWuJing'scharacterLiuPeiqiang,hisfather,hisson,hisadopteddaughter,andanumberofChinesesoldiersandscientists⑩_____(save)theworld.五、短文改錯(cuò)38、假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,

請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:

在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),

并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除:

把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:

在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,

并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意:1.

每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.

只允許修改10處,

多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Intheninegrade,IdecidedtolearnGerman.IwasfullyexpectingtounderstandeverywordsIcameacross.ButtheGermanclasswassobored.Eachday,Mr.Keadywouldaskustoopenourbooksandreadthewords.Iraisemyhandoneafternoonwhenwewereaskedtodosoagain,whatwasreallynoteasyforme.Mr.KeadyaskedwhatwaswrongandIexplainedwhy.IexpectedMr.Keadytoangrysendmetotheheadteacher.Butshesatathisdeskquietly.Awhilelater,hesaidhewouldtothinkaboutmywords.Inthefollowingweeks,Germanclassesdidn'tbecomewhatIhadhoped,andMr.Keadytriedhardertoinvolveushisclasses.六、書(shū)面表達(dá)39、你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你以Howtoimproveourself-control為題寫(xiě)一篇發(fā)言稿參賽,內(nèi)容包括:1.自控力的重要性;2.怎樣提高自控力。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.題目已為你寫(xiě)好,可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。Howtoimproveourself-control_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案1、答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Theassociationoffersprofessionaldevelopmentopportunitiestowritersofalllevelsinallgenres,withtheaimofhelpingwritersdevelopskillsinboththecraftandbusinessofwriting(該協(xié)會(huì)為所有類(lèi)型的各級(jí)作家提供專(zhuān)業(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì),旨在幫助作家發(fā)展寫(xiě)作技巧和寫(xiě)作業(yè)務(wù))可知,CAA為加拿大各地的作家提供了職業(yè)發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。2、答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Poetry:maximum60linesincludingthetitleandblanklines,unpublished,inEnglish.(詩(shī)歌:最多60行,包括標(biāo)題和空白行,未發(fā)表,英文)可知,25行詩(shī)的詩(shī)歌符合要求。故選A。3、答案：B解析：數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中EntryFees:Poetry:$5persinglepoem;ShortStory:$15persinglestory.(詩(shī)歌:每首詩(shī)5美元;短篇小說(shuō):每篇15美元)可知,每首詩(shī)歌是5美元,每首短篇故事是15美元,所以?xún)墒自?shī)和兩篇短篇小說(shuō)的報(bào)名費(fèi)是40美元。故選B。4、答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段lfoneortwocabinsareaccidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsandtheshipswillremainafloat.(如果一兩個(gè)艙室在海上意外損壞,水不會(huì)淹沒(méi)其他艙室,船只將保持漂浮)可知,水密艙壁技術(shù)可以在船只部分受損的情況下,仍可以繼續(xù)保持漂浮不下沉。故選A。5、答案：D解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段However,theneedforChinesejunks(中國(guó)式帆船)hasdecreasedsharplyaswoodenshipshavebeenreplacedbysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.Associatedbuildingcostshavealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance(繼承)ofthisheritageisdecreasing,andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.(然而,隨著木船被鋼殼船所取代,對(duì)中國(guó)舢板的需求急劇減少,今天只有三位大師可以聲稱(chēng)完全掌握這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。由于原材料短缺,相關(guān)的建筑費(fèi)用也增加了。因此,這一遺產(chǎn)的繼承性正在減少,繼承者被迫尋找替代工作)可知,本段在講述當(dāng)今時(shí)代傳承這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的種種困難。故選D。6、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段首ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomakeChinesejunks,hasbeenmakingshipsformorethansixdecades.(繼承了制造中國(guó)帆船的防水艙壁技術(shù)的77歲老人張國(guó)輝,已經(jīng)有60多年的造船經(jīng)驗(yàn))可知,張國(guó)輝老人一生都致力于造船事業(yè)。故選C。7、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsinceyoungergenerationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnologyatanearlystageofdevelopment.(他又補(bǔ)充說(shuō)他認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)工作很有意義,因?yàn)槟贻p一代可以從古船展覽中了解到他們的祖先在早期發(fā)展階段擁有先進(jìn)的造船技術(shù))可知,老人說(shuō)這些話表明他認(rèn)為致力于代代傳承這一傳統(tǒng)技藝是有意義的,是值得的。故選D。8、答案：C9、答案：C10、答案：A11、答案：D12、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(紅外線照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject(它選擇性地吸收陽(yáng)光中的紅外輻射,并產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)大的熱效應(yīng),足以使霧遠(yuǎn)離物體表面)可知這種新涂層通過(guò)吸收紅外輻射加熱涂層來(lái)消除霧氣。因此D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.(通過(guò)吸收紅外輻射來(lái)加熱涂層。)符合題意。故選D。13、答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenew-coatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.(以前,像防霧噴霧這樣的產(chǎn)品會(huì)在表面形成一層非常薄的水膜來(lái)消除霧氣。這種表面的問(wèn)題是污染。除了水,噴霧還會(huì)吸引污垢、灰塵、油和各種其他臟物質(zhì),表面上的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)污垢就讓它沒(méi)用了。然而,新涂層排斥水。此外,涂層明顯更薄,這使得它更透明且更柔韌。它是被動(dòng)加熱的,白天不需要額外的能源。)可知作者提到了以前的防霧產(chǎn)品,以強(qiáng)調(diào)新涂層的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.(強(qiáng)調(diào)新涂層的優(yōu)點(diǎn))符合題意。故選A。14、答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.(然而,雖然這種產(chǎn)品可以在非常低的太陽(yáng)輻射水平下工作,但它確實(shí)依賴(lài)于一定量的光。)可知這種新涂層的局限性在于它依賴(lài)于陽(yáng)光來(lái)工作。故選B。15、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.(研究人員將為其他應(yīng)用進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)這種涂層。)可知研究人員計(jì)劃下一步開(kāi)發(fā)更多實(shí)際用途的產(chǎn)品。因此C.Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.(開(kāi)發(fā)更實(shí)用的產(chǎn)品)符合題意。故選C。16、答案：BGFDE17、答案：D解析：考查短語(yǔ)含義辨析。句意:大象是地球上現(xiàn)存最大的陸地哺乳動(dòng)物;因此,他們需要大片的土地才能生存。A.asawhole總的來(lái)說(shuō);B.asarule通常;C.asareference作為參考;D.asaresult因此、結(jié)果是。根據(jù)前文“ElephantsarethelargestexistinglandmammalsontheEarth”與后文“theyrequirelargeareasofland”是因果關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。18、答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:大象是地球上現(xiàn)存最大的陸地哺乳動(dòng)物;因此,他們需要大片的土地才能生存。A.survive生存;B.play玩耍;C.rest休息;D.conquer征服。根據(jù)后文“elephantpopulationshavesignificantlyfallen”可知,本文討論大象的生存環(huán)境惡劣,他們的生存受到威脅。故選A項(xiàng)。19、答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:隨著世界各地人口的增長(zhǎng),大象的數(shù)量由于棲息地的快速喪失而顯著下降。A.rapid快速的;B.tough艱難的;C.mild輕微的;D.fresh新鮮的。根據(jù)前文“elephantpopulationshavesignificantlyfallen”可知,大象數(shù)量明顯減少應(yīng)該是與他們棲息地被人類(lèi)快速占領(lǐng)有關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。20、答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:為了引起人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物處境的關(guān)注,大象家族和真正的大象團(tuán)體合作發(fā)起了“共存”環(huán)境藝術(shù)展,展出了100個(gè)真實(shí)大小的大象雕塑。A.section部分;B.distribution分發(fā);C.contribution貢獻(xiàn);D.situation處境。根據(jù)前文“elephantpopulationshavesignificantlyfallen可知,大象數(shù)量急劇減少,這個(gè)物種處境惡劣。故選D項(xiàng)。21、答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:為了引起人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物處境的關(guān)注,大象家族和真正的大象團(tuán)體合作發(fā)起了“共存”環(huán)境藝術(shù)展,展出了100個(gè)真實(shí)大小的大象雕塑。A.arouse引起;B.launch發(fā)行、發(fā)起;C.adopt收養(yǎng)、采納;D.adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“anenvironmentalartexhibition”可知,大象保護(hù)組織發(fā)起了展覽活動(dòng)引起大家的關(guān)注。故選B項(xiàng)。22、答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:為了引起人們對(duì)這種動(dòng)物處境的關(guān)注,大象家族和真正的大象團(tuán)體合作發(fā)起了“共存”環(huán)境藝術(shù)展,展出了100個(gè)真實(shí)大小的大象雕塑。A.sculptures雕塑;B.cases案例;C.placest地方;D.models模型。根據(jù)下文“Thesehandmadesculptures”可知,展覽展出的是大象的雕塑。故選A項(xiàng)。23、答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:共存象雕塑的漫長(zhǎng)旅程始于印度,它們是由泰米爾納德邦叢林中的土著社區(qū)制作的:這些手工雕塑“令人驚嘆”。A.neighboring鄰近的;B.volunteering自愿的;C.active積極的;D.native本土的。根據(jù)后文“thejunglesofTamilNadu”可知,雕塑的制作者是當(dāng)?shù)赝林用裢瓿傻?。故選D項(xiàng)。24、答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:2021年6月,在倫敦共有8個(gè)獨(dú)立的大象群雕塑向公眾展示。A.made制作;B.stated陳述;C.displayed展覽;D.targeted作為目標(biāo)。根據(jù)前文“anenvironmentalartexhibition”和后文“tothepublicinLondon.”可知,這里指雕塑在展覽活動(dòng)中向倫敦市民展出。故選C項(xiàng)。25、答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:展覽的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)人類(lèi)占用野生動(dòng)物生存空間的影響。A.design設(shè)計(jì);B.evaluation評(píng)估;C.aim目標(biāo);D.feedback反饋。根據(jù)下文“tohighlighttheeffectsofhumans”可知,開(kāi)展大象雕塑的展覽是為了突出說(shuō)明人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)于野生動(dòng)物的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。26、答案：C解析：考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意:展覽的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)人類(lèi)占用野生動(dòng)物生存空間的影響。A.takingover接管;B.callingon號(hào)召;C.takingup占用;D.callingfor需要、呼吁。根據(jù)下文“allowpeopleandwildlifetocoexist”可知,本文呼吁大家與野生動(dòng)物和諧相處,那么目前存在的問(wèn)題就是人類(lèi)活動(dòng)占領(lǐng)了野生動(dòng)物的棲息地。故選C項(xiàng)。27、答案：B解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然大象雕塑是為了讓人欣賞,但它們也傳遞了一個(gè)信息:我們應(yīng)該改變我們的生活方式,與野生動(dòng)物和自然和諧相處。A.If如果;B.While然而、盡管;C.Unless除非、如果不;D.Since由于。根據(jù)下文“theelephantsculpturesweremeanttobeadmired”以及“amessage:weshouldchangethewaywelivebyexisting”可知,這兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,展出雕塑用于欣賞是一方面而傳達(dá)呼吁人類(lèi)保護(hù)環(huán)境也是目的。故選B項(xiàng)。28、答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然大象雕塑是為了讓人欣賞,但它們也傳遞了一個(gè)信息:我們應(yīng)該改變我們的生活方式,與野生動(dòng)物和自然和諧相處。A.injected注射;B.formed構(gòu)成;C.carried攜帶、傳播;D.selected選擇。根據(jù)下文“amessage:weshouldchangethewaywelivebyexisting”可知,這次展覽也是一次信息的傳遞,呼吁人們與自然和諧相處。故選C項(xiàng)。29、答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:雖然大象雕塑是為了讓人欣賞,但它們也傳遞了一個(gè)信息:我們應(yīng)該改變我們的生活方式,與野生動(dòng)物和自然和諧相處。A.line線條;B.harmony和諧;C.comparison比較;D.touch觸碰。根據(jù)下文“allowpeopleandwildlifetocoexist”可知,文章呼吁人與動(dòng)物和諧相處。故選B項(xiàng)。30、答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“我們應(yīng)該重視與自然的聯(lián)系,通過(guò)共享空間來(lái)慶祝我們周?chē)乃猩问?”大象團(tuán)體的塔什·特卡卡拉博士說(shuō)。A.tale傳說(shuō);B.demand要求;C.relief寬慰;D.connection聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文“weshouldchangethewaywelivebyexisting”以及“withthewildlifeandnature”可知,人與自然和野生動(dòng)物是共生關(guān)系,他們之間有聯(lián)系。故選D項(xiàng)。31、答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:共存運(yùn)動(dòng)籌集的資金被捐給了印度各地的基層組織。A.owed虧欠;B.earned掙得;C.raised籌集;D.tipped鑲嵌。根據(jù)前文“Funds”可知,舉辦這次展覽活動(dòng)是為了籌集資金,搭配“Funds”合理的動(dòng)詞是“raised”。故選C項(xiàng)。32、答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:共存運(yùn)動(dòng)籌集的資金被捐給了印度各地的基層組織。A.events事件;B.clients顧客;C.agencies代理;D.organizations組織。根據(jù)下文“Theseorganizationstriedtoallowpeopleandwildlifetocoexist”可知,籌集的錢(qián)全部給到基層組織。故選D項(xiàng)。33、答案：A解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:這些組織試圖讓人類(lèi)和野生動(dòng)物和平共處。A.peacefully和平地;B.quietly安靜地;C.roughly粗魯?shù)?D.randomly隨機(jī)地。根據(jù)前文“Weshouldvalueourwithnatureandcelebratealllifeformsaroundusbysharingspace”可知,我們?nèi)祟?lèi)應(yīng)該珍惜我們周邊的各種生命形式,與之和平相處。故選A項(xiàng)。34、答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他們的一些措施包括學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)仃P(guān)于野生動(dòng)物的知識(shí),創(chuàng)造技術(shù)解決方案來(lái)保護(hù)動(dòng)物和人在共享空間的安全,緩解公路和鐵路線的影響,以確保野生動(dòng)物可以安全通過(guò)。A.learning學(xué)習(xí);B.promoting促進(jìn);C.producing生產(chǎn);D.collecting收集。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ocalknowledgeaboutwildlife,creatingtechnologicalsolutions”可知,為了創(chuàng)建和諧環(huán)境我們要學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦?dòng)物知識(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。35、答案：B解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他們的一些措施包括學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)仃P(guān)于野生動(dòng)物的知識(shí),創(chuàng)造技術(shù)解決方案來(lái)保護(hù)動(dòng)物和人在共享空間的安全,緩解公路和鐵路線的影響,以確保野生動(dòng)物可以安全通過(guò)。A.private私人的;B.shared共享的;C.different不同的;D.remote遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)前文“bysharingspace”可知,這里指我們學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)以及尋找科學(xué)的方法是為了在我們?nèi)祟?lèi)與動(dòng)植物共享的土地上安全生存。故選B項(xiàng)。36、答案：A解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:他們的一些措施包括學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)仃P(guān)于野生動(dòng)物的知識(shí),創(chuàng)造技術(shù)解決方案來(lái)保護(hù)動(dòng)物和人在共享空間的安全,緩解公路和鐵路線的影響,以確保野