研究方法與學(xué)術(shù)寫(xiě)作智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年

研究方法與學(xué)術(shù)寫(xiě)作智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年研究方法與學(xué)術(shù)寫(xiě)作Whichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredasagoodtopic?（）。

A:ClimatechangeB:TherepresentationofracisminHollywoodmoviesC:ComputergamesD:Migratorybirds答案:TherepresentationofracisminHollywoodmoviesWhichmightbeagoodfocusedtopicforanessayaboutLordoftheFlies?（）。

A:therepresentationofhumannatureinLordoftheFliesB:theevolutionofhumannatureC:humannatureD:themanifestationsofhumannature答案:therepresentationofhumannatureinLordoftheFliesWhichsentenceintheargumentbelowincludestheevidence?“1Whenanareahasfewerhardfreezes,itcanexpecthighermedicalcoststocopewithdiseasescarriedbysubtropicalinsectsthatdonotsurvivefreezes.2.EuropeandNorthAmericamustthusexpecthigherhealthcarecostsbecauseclimatechangeismovingthelineofextendedhardfreezessteadilynorth.3.Inthelastonehundredyears,thelineofhardfreezeslastingmorethantwoweekshasmovednorthattherateofroughly...”（）。

A:3B:2C:1答案:3Whichofthefollowinggraphicscanemphasizetrends?（）。

A:barchartsB:stackedbarchartsC:linegraphsD:tables答案:linegraphsWhichkindofclaimdoes“MinistryofEducationshouldreducetheburdenofprimaryschoolstudents.”belongto?（）。

A:ClaimsofevaluationorappraisalB:ClaimsoffactorexistenceC:ClaimsofactionorpolicyD:ClaimsofcauseandconsequenceE:Claimsofdefinitionandclassification答案:ClaimsofactionorpolicyAccordingtotheprincipleof“expresscrucialactionsinverbs”,whichsentencebelowisclearer?（）

A:Lockefrequentlyrepeatedhimselfbecausehedidnottrustthepowerofwordstonamethingsaccurately.B:ThereasonforLocke’sfrequentrepetitionliesinhisdistrustoftheaccuracyofthenamingpowerofwords.答案:Lockefrequentlyrepeatedhimselfbecausehedidnottrustthepowerofwordstonamethingsaccurately.Accordingtotheprincipleof“complexitylast”,whichsentencebelowisclearer?（）

A:Themonoaminehypothesishasbeentheleadingbiologicalaccountofdepressionforoverthreedecades.Accordingtothishypothesis,deficitsinmonoaminesincludingdopamine,epinephrine,norepinephrine,andserotoninareassociatedwithdepression.Monoamineconcentrationsinneuralsynapsesareregulatedindifferentwaysbydifferenttypesofantidepressants.B:Foroverthreedecades,theleadingbiologicalaccountofdepressionhasbeenthemonoaminehypothesis.Accordingtothishypothesis,depressionisassociatedwithdeficitsinneurotransmitterscalledmonoamines,includingdopamine,epinephrine,norepinephrine,andserotonin.Differenttypesofantidepressantsworkindifferentwaystoregulateconcentrationsofmonoaminesinneuralsynapses.答案:Foroverthreedecades,theleadingbiologicalaccountofdepressionhasbeenthemonoaminehypothesis.Accordingtothishypothesis,depressionisassociatedwithdeficitsinneurotransmitterscalledmonoamines,includingdopamine,epinephrine,norepinephrine,andserotonin.Differenttypesofantidepressantsworkindifferentwaystoregulateconcentrationsofmonoaminesinneuralsynapses.WhichisNOTaresultofmisleadingfigures?（）。

A:Falsecorrelations.B:Exaggeratingsmallcontrasts.C:Reflectingtherealcontrasts.D:Distortingvalues.答案:Reflectingtherealcontrasts.Figuresdonotinclude______.（）。

A:graphsB:diagramsC:chartsD:tables答案:tablesWhichkindofclaimdoes“WilliamShakespeareisthegreatestwritereverproducedintheEnglishlanguage.”belongto?（）。

A:ClaimsofcauseandconsequenceB:ClaimsofdefinitionandclassificationC:ClaimsoffactorexistenceD:ClaimsofevaluationorappraisalE:Claimsofactionorpolicy答案:ClaimsofevaluationorappraisalWhatwaysofaskingquestionsdoesthequestion“WhywaspotatonotfirstplantedinChina?”use?（）。

A:TurnpositivequestionsintonegativeonesB:Askaboutthehistoryofyourtopic.C:AskaboutItsStructureandCompositionD:AskhowyourtopiciscategorizedE:AskWhatIf?andOtherSpeculativeQuestions答案:TurnpositivequestionsintonegativeonesWhichquestionisNOTmeaningful?（）。

A:Howshallpeoplebreatheiftheywearfacemasksalldaylong?B:Whatistheuseoffacemasksduringthepandemic?C:Howhastheroleofmasksinsocietychangedinthe20thcentury?D:Whydidn'tsomanypeoplewearfacemasksduringthepandemic?答案:Howshallpeoplebreatheiftheywearfacemasksalldaylong?Howcanyouevaluatethequalityofyourargument?（）

A:Haveyouexpressedallthewarrantsyoushould?B:Isyourevidencereliable?C:Haveyouappropriatelyqualifiedyourargument?D:Doesyourpaperreadlikeaconversationwithpeersorcolleaguesaskinghardbutfriendlyquestions?答案:Isyourevidencereliable?;Haveyouappropriatelyqualifiedyourargument?;Doesyourpaperreadlikeaconversationwithpeersorcolleaguesaskinghardbutfriendlyquestions?;Haveyouexpressedallthewarrantsyoushould?Howcanyouavoidvisualmisrepresentation?（）

A:Donotmanipulateascaletomagnifyorreduceacontrast.B:Ifthetableorfiguresupportsapoint,stateit.C:Donotuseafigurewhoseimagedistortsvalues.D:Donotmakeatableorfigureunnecessarilycomplexormisleadinglysimple.答案:Donotmanipulateascaletomagnifyorreduceacontrast.;Donotuseafigurewhoseimagedistortsvalues.;Donotmakeatableorfigureunnecessarilycomplexormisleadinglysimple.;Ifthetableorfiguresupportsapoint,stateit.Whichisproposedtohelpreadersunderstandgraphics?（）。

A:Labeleverygraphicinawaythatdescribesitsdata.B:Keepthevisualimpactsimple.C:Introducethetableorfigurewithasentencethatexplainshowtointerpretit.D:Insertintothetableorfigureinformationthathelpsreadersseehowthedatasupportyourpoint.答案:Labeleverygraphicinawaythatdescribesitsdata.;Insertintothetableorfigureinformationthathelpsreadersseehowthedatasupportyourpoint.;Introducethetableorfigurewithasentencethatexplainshowtointerpretit.;Keepthevisualimpactsimple.HowcanresearchhelpyourreadersaccordingtoyourtextbookinChapter2?（）。

A:TohelpyourreadersunderstandsomethingbetterB:ToentertainyourreadersC:TohelpyourreaderssolvepracticalproblemD:Tohelpyourreadersgetadegree答案:Toentertainyourreaders;Tohelpyourreaderssolvepracticalproblem;TohelpyourreadersunderstandsomethingbetterHowcanyoubuildacomplexargumentoutofabasicargument?（）

A:Respondtoalternativesandobjectionstoyourarguments.B:Supporteachreasonwithadditionalreasonsandevidence.C:Supportaclaimwithtwoormorereasons.D:Explainbackgroundandgivedefinitions.答案:Supportaclaimwithtwoormorereasons.;Supporteachreasonwithadditionalreasonsandevidence.;Respondtoalternativesandobjectionstoyourarguments.;Explainbackgroundandgivedefinitions.Whatarethestepsinformulatingasignificantquestion?（）

A:NameyourtopicusingnounsderivedfromverbsB:TellwhetheryourquestionmightinterestnotjustyoubutothersC:AddanindirectquestionthatindicateswhatyoudonotknoworunderstandyourtopicD:Askyourroommatethequestion答案:Nameyourtopicusingnounsderivedfromverbs;Addanindirectquestionthatindicateswhatyoudonotknoworunderstandyourtopic;TellwhetheryourquestionmightinterestnotjustyoubutothersHowcanwritinghelpyouaccordingtothetextbook?（）。

A:WritingcanhelptoimproveyourreadingB:WritingcanhelptotestyourthinkingC:WritingcanhelptounderstandD:Writingcanhelptoremember答案:Writingcanhelptoremember;Writingcanhelptounderstand;WritingcanhelptotestyourthinkingWhatarewesupposedtodowhenwemakeourarguments?（）

A:Whenyoureadyoursources,notehowtheyadvanceclaimsindifferentways,takedifferentapproaches,andfocusondifferentaspectsoftheproblem.B:Ifyoudiscoveraflawinyourargumentthatyoucannotfixorexplainaway,trytoredefineyourproblemorrebuildyourargumenttoavoiditC:Ifyoufindasource’sevidenceunreliableorirrelevant,don’tsimplyignoreit.Youhavetobringthosealternativeviewsintoyourargumentbyacknowledgingandrespondingtothem.D:Whenyourecognizeyourownargument’slimitations,youbuildcredibilitybyshowingreadersthatyouaremakinganhonestcaseanddealingwiththemfairly.答案:thatWhatshouldyounotdoasanethicalresearcher?（）

A:Theydonotcaricatureordistortopposingviews.B:Theydonotplagiarizeorclaimcreditfortheresultsofothers.C:Theydonotdestroydataorconcealsourcesimportantforthosewhofollow.D:Theydonotmisreportsources,inventdata,orfakeresults.E:Theydonotsubmitdatawhoseaccuracytheydon’ttrust,unlesstheysayso.F:Theydonotconcealobjectionsthattheycannotrebut.答案:Theydonotcaricatureordistortopposingviews.###Theydonotconcealobjectionsthattheycannotrebut.###Theydonotdestroydataorconcealsourcesimportantforthosewhofollow.###Theydonotmisreportsources,inventdata,orfakeresults.###Theydonotplagiarizeorclaimcreditfortheresultsofothers.###Theydonotsubmitdatawhoseaccuracytheydon’ttrust,unlesstheysayso.Whatarethebenefitsofcraftsmanshipattitude?（）

A:Academicwritingrequiresmethodicalpracticeofappropriateskills.B:Treatingacademicwritingasacraftenablesustobemoreeffectiveinbothourwritingandourthinking.C:Academicworkisaprocessoflearninghowtouseaspecificsetofskills.D:Dedicateyourselftopracticingyourcraft.答案:Academicworkisaprocessoflearninghowtouseaspecificsetofskills.;Academicwritingrequiresmethodicalpracticeofappropriateskills.;Treatingacademicwritingasacraftenablesustobemoreeffectiveinbothourwritingandourthinking.;Dedicateyourselftopracticingyourcraft.Wearesupposedtomakeourclaim______（）

A:simpleB:credibleC:significantD:specific答案:specific;significant;credibleInwhatcasesdoyouhavetoquote?（）

A:Thewordsthemselvesareevidencethatbacksupyourreasons.B:Thewordsarefromanauthoritywhobacksupyourclaims.C:Thewordsarestrikinglyoriginalorexpressyourkeyconceptssocompellinglythatthequotationcanframeanextendeddiscussion.D:Apassagestatesaviewthatyoudisagreewith,andtobefairyouwanttostateitexactly.答案:Thewordsthemselvesareevidencethatbacksupyourreasons.;Thewordsarefromanauthoritywhobacksupyourclaims.;Thewordsarestrikinglyoriginalorexpressyourkeyconceptssocompellinglythatthequotationcanframeanextendeddiscussion.;Apassagestatesaviewthatyoudisagreewith,andtobefairyouwanttostateitexactly.Whatarethemethodsoffindingagoodresearchproblem?（）

A:Askforhelp.B:FindresearchproblemsontheInternet.C:Criticalreadingcanhelpyoudiscoveragoodresearchprobleminyourowndraft.D:Findresearchproblemsinyoursources.答案:Askforhelp.###Criticalreadingcanhelpyoudiscoveragoodresearchprobleminyourowndraft.###Findresearchproblemsinyoursources.Whichofthefollowingmethodscanhelptoavoidvisualmisrepresentation?（）。

A:Donotmakeatableorfigureunnecessarilycomplexormisleadinglysimple.B:Donotmanipulateascaletomagnifyorreduceacontrast.C:Donotuseafigurewhoseimagedistortsvalues.D:Distorttheimageofthedatatomakeyourpoint.答案:Donotmanipulateascaletomagnifyorreduceacontrast.;Donotuseafigurewhoseimagedistortsvalues.;Donotmakeatableorfigureunnecessarilycomplexormisleadinglysimple.Whichofthefollowingmethodscanhelpyoufindatopic?（）。

A:Skimthelatestissuesofjournalsinyourfield.B:Skimencyclopediaentriesinyourlibraryoronline.C:UseGoogleScholar,asearchenginethatfocusesonscholarlyjournalsandbooks.D:Skimheadingsinspecializedindexes.答案:Skimencyclopediaentriesinyourlibraryoronline.###Skimheadingsinspecializedindexes.###Skimthelatestissuesofjournalsinyourfield.###UseGoogleScholar,asearchenginethatfocusesonscholarlyjournalsandbooks.Ifyoudon’tagreewithasource,youcan’tuseitsdataforsupport.（）。

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Theexperiencedwriterswriteafirstdraftnottoshowtoreaders,buttodiscoverwhatcasetheycanactuallymakefortheirpointandwhetheritstandsuptotheirownscrutiny.（）。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Paraphrasewhenthespecificwordsofapassagearelessimportantthanitsmeaning.Paraphrasingdoesn’tmeanchangingjustawordortwo.Youmustreplacemostofthewordsandphrasingoftheoriginalwithyourown.Aparaphraseisneverasgoodevidenceasadirectquotation.（）

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Summarizewhendetailsareirrelevantorasourceisn’timportantenoughtowarrantmuchspace.（）。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Ifyoucomparethevalueofonevariableacrossaseriesofitemscalledcases(e.g.,averagesalariesforserviceworkersinsixcompanies),youcanuseabarchart.（）。

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:錯(cuò)Researchargumentsareoriginalnotonlyintheirideas,butalsotheirmethodsandwaysofreasoning.（）。

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Youmustciteyoursourceeverytimeyouuseitswords,butyoudon’thavetowhenyouyouonlyparaphraseorsummarizethem.（）

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Researchisanactivityofscholarsonly,anditisalmostseldomdonebyotherpeople.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:錯(cuò)Anabstractisaparagraphthattellsreaderswhattheywillfindinapaper,anarticle,orareport.Itshouldbeshorterthananintroductionbutsharesthesamestructure.（）。

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Whenyoureportyourownevidence,youcannotavoidmanipulatingthem.（）。

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Whenyouacknowledgetheviewsofothers,youshowthatyounotonlyknowthoseviews,buthavecarefullyconsideredandcanconfidentlyrespondtothem.（）。

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Paraphrasewhenyoucanstatewhatasourcesaysmoreclearlyorconciselyorwhenyourargumentdependsonthedetailsinasourcebutnotonitsspecificwords.（）。

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:正確Topic,title,question,andproblemforresearchwritingarecloselyrelatedtoeachother.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Themostcommon