歷年真題重點(diǎn)講解3

刖

《北京地區(qū)成人本科學(xué)位英語統(tǒng)一考試最新預(yù)測試卷》是中國人民大學(xué)英語三級(jí)紅

寶書系列的重要的一本書，編者根據(jù)新大綱的考試要求和最新命題方向，精心編制了

這10套模擬題，目的是幫助考生在夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)、強(qiáng)化提高的基礎(chǔ)上檢查復(fù)習(xí)效果，體驗(yàn)

臨場實(shí)戰(zhàn)的感覺。

本書特點(diǎn)之一：

內(nèi)容新，針對(duì)性強(qiáng)，選材廣泛，關(guān)注歷年真題常涉及領(lǐng)域。幫助考生模擬演練,

檢查復(fù)習(xí)效果，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題與不足，在最后階段進(jìn)行針對(duì)性地提高。

本書特點(diǎn)之二：

本書是根據(jù)考試大綱的要求，結(jié)合作者近幾年輔導(dǎo)和命題研究的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在近幾年

考試情況的基礎(chǔ)上，命制的10套與大綱要求完全一致的模擬試題。在編寫這10套題

時(shí)，既注重文章內(nèi)容的深度和廣度，使其覆蓋更廣的知識(shí)面，又注重了考題難度的要

求，力求接近考題。

編者

于中國人民大學(xué)

模擬試題一

PartIReadingComprehension(30%)

Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe

AnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisit

somethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfrom

you.Yousay“IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenot

shortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtandyoudon'twantto

hurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisrallyalie?

ProfessorJeraldJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientific

studyoflying.(76)Accordingtohim,womenarebelterliarsihanmee,particularlywhen

tellinga“whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesher

dresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Other

researcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromise

whichtheyhavenointensionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmen

aresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgain

insomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberof

small,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresitting

downatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrained

observertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow."Theyalsotendtotouch

certainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybe

thatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitiveto

suchchangesandtheincreasedpressuresmakeititch.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbook

Manwatchingcalls“themouthcover”.(77)Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,

suchascoveringpartofthemouthwiththefingers,touchingtheupper-liDorputtingafinger

ofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeunderstoodasanunconscious

attemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutin

achaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmore

frequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawhole

numberofthings,andinparticularthecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Accordingtothepassage,a"whitelie“seemstobealie

A.thatotherpeoplebelieve

B.thatotherpeopledon'tbelieve

C.toldinordertoavoidoffendingsomeone

D.toldinordertotakeadvantageofsomeone

2.Researchsuggeststhatwomen

A.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmenare

B.generallyliefarmorethanmendo

C.lieatpartiesmoreoftenthanmendo

D.oftenmakepromisestheyintendtobreak

3.Researchersfindthatwhenapersontellslies

A.hisbloodpressureincreasesmeasurably

B.helooksveryserious

C.hetendstomakesomesmallchangesinhisbehavior

D.heuseshisunconsciousmind

4.Onereasonpeoplesometimesrubtheirnoseswhentheylieisthat

A.theywishtheyweresomewhereelse

B.thenoseissensitivetophysicalchangescausedbylying

C.theywanttocovertheirmouths

D.theyaretryingtostopthemselvesfromtellinglies

5.Thetoneofthispassagetellsusthatthewriter

A.hatestolie

B.enjoyslying

C.oftentellsalie

D.triestoanalyzelying

Passage2

Question6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

(78)Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnby

beingcorrectedallthetime:ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousand

timesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.

Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople's.Inthesame

way,childrenlearningtodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaught—towalk,

run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle-comparetheirownperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilled

people,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachanceto

findouthismistakesandcorrectthemforhimself.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethought

thathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunlesshewas

madeto.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whathiswordsays,

whattheansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimthe

answerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuch

routinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsthathecan'tfindthewaytoget

therightanswer.Letthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howto

measuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthebestwayforchildrentolearn

things?

A.Listeningtoskilledpeople'sadvice.

B.Askingolderpeoplemanyquestions.

C.Makingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

D.Doingwhatotherpeopledo.

7.ThewriterthinkteachersshouldNOT.

A.givechildrencorrectanswersB.allowchildrentomakemistakes

C.pointoutchildren'smistakestothemD.letchildrenmarktheirownwork

8.Accordingtothewriter,teachersinschoolshould.

A.allowchildrentolearnfromeachother

B.pointoutchildren'smistakeswheneverfound

C.conectchildren'smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

9.Accordingtothepassage,learningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare.

A.differentfromlearningotherskillsB.thesameaslearningotherskills

C.moreimportantthanotherskillsD.notreallyimportantskills

10.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe.

A.LetUsTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirExercises

D.LetChildrenLearnByThemselves

Passage3

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

(79)Johnhadboughtapacketofcigarettesjustbeforewecaughtthetrainandhe

offeredmeoneaswesettledourselvesinourcompartment.Wewereonourwaybackfrom

acampingholiday；wehadlivedroughforoverafortnightandevenacigarettewasaluxury

atthatmoment.

Ifeltinmypocketforaboxofmatches,butcouldnotfindany.

“Ihaven'tgotanyeither,“saidJohn.

Sittingoppositetouswasamanwhosefacewashiddenbyanewspaper.

“Excuseme,sir,"saidJohn,leaningacross.t4Couldyougivemealight,please?^^

Thenewspaperwasloweredtorevealaratherelderlymanwithasternface.

“Thisisanosmokingcompartment,vthemansaid.Heindicatedthenoticenearthe

window.Weapologizedandputawayourunlitcigarettes.

(80)Themanwenton,inarathermorekindlyway,towarnusagainstthedangersof

smoking.

“Ispeakasadoctor,heconcluded,andafterthathewentbacktoreadinghis

newspaper.

Whenhegotoutafewstationslater,helefthisnewspaperbehindhim.Wepickeditup,

eagertofindoutwhathadhappenedwhilewewereonholiday.

“Justlookatthis,“remarkedJohn,pointingtoaphotograph,"it'sthemanwhowas

sittingoppositeus."Underneaththephotographwasanaccountofalunatic(精神病者)who

hadrecentlyescaped.Itappearedthathelikedtopretendtobeadoctor.

11.Thefriendshadspenttheirholiday.

A.onaboatB.inatentC.onafarmD.withan

aunt

12.Theirholidayhadlasted.

A.morethantwoweeksB.justtwoweeks

C.lessthantwoweeksD.aweekortwo

13.Theman.

A.threwhisnewspaperaway

B.offeredthemhisnewspaper

C.droppedhisnewspaper

D.didnottakehisnewspaperwithhim

14.Thetwofriendsreadthenewspaper.

A.inahurryB.withgreatinterest

C.topassthetimeD.tolookatthepictures

15.Theman'sphotographwasinthenewspaperbecausehewas.

A.adoctorB.aspacemanC.amadmanD.anactor

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)

Directions:Inthispart,thereare30incompletesentences.Foreachsentencetherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Then

markthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

16.thefactthattheareahadbeenhitbytheseverestdroughtintwentyyears,a

fairlygoodharvestwasgatheredin.

A.InspiteB.Despite

C.InspitethatD.Despiteof

17.1objectedthemeetingwithouthim.

A.tohaveB.tohavingC.havingD.have

18.Therewasnosensehimtocomeearlysinceeverythingwasready.

A.toaskB.tohaveasked

C.inaskingD.beingasking

19.herinexperience,shehasdonequiteagoodjob.

A.ProvidedB.GivenC.SeenD.Suppose

20.Themoviestarwithyoursister,didn'the?

A.wasusedtodanceB.usedtodancing

C.usedtodanceD.wasusedtodancing

21.Everymeanssincethen.

A.hasbeentryingB.havebeentrying

C.havebeentriedD.hasbeentried

22.'Tdliketobuyanexpensivecamera.”

“Well,wehaveseveralmodelsforyou

A.tobechosenfromB.ofchoice

C.tochoosefromD.forchoosing

23.ThepictureremindsmethetimewespenttogetherinNewYork.

A.ofB.inC.forD.to

24.1oweyousomemoney.Letmepayyounow.

A.backB.forC.inD.to

25.Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathe

feltlonely.

A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.allbutD.everythingbut

26.,thenewelectronicdevicetheydesignedisnowinregularoperation.

A.WiththesolvedproblemB.Withthisproblembeingsolved

C.WiththeproblemsolvedD.Withthisproblemtosolve

27.Wearelookingforwardtotothelecturebythefamousprofessor.

A.sendB.besentC.beingsentD.sending

28.1suddenlyrealizedthathewastryingtoquarrellingwithme.

A.considerB.enjoyC.avoidD.prevent

29.Itwasnotaseriousaccident;ourcarneedsonlysomerepairs.

A.majorB.secondaryC.minorD.primary

30.We'vesugar.AskMrs.Jonestolendussome.

A.runawaywithB.rundownC.runoffD.runoutof

31.Itisnecessarythatanefficientworkerhisworkontime.

A.accomplishesB.canaccomplish

C.accomplishD.hasaccomplished

32.Motherinsistedthat.

A.theyaretobebackbeforenineintheevening

B.theyoughttobebackbeforenineintheevening

C.theybebackbeforenineintheevening

D.theyhadtobebackbeforenineintheevening

33.canbejudgedfromhereyes,shehasnopersonalhostilitytous.

A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.That

34.Thepoliticianurgedthatallcitizenstothepollsonelectionday.

A.hadgoneB.wentC.mustgoD.go

35.Noonedoubtsheisthebestleaderinthecompany.

A.whetherB.ifC.whatD.that

36.Franklyspeaking,Tdratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.didn'tdoB.haven'tC.didn'tD.havedone

37.Henrylookedverymuchwhenhewascaughtcheatinginthebiologyexam.

A.discouragedB.embarrassed

C.disappointedD.bewildered

38.TheAnti-JapaneseWarin1937anditeightyears.

A.wasbrokenout;lastedB.brokeout;lasted

C.broke;remainedD.hadbeenbrokenout;kept

39.Hardlyhadhefinishedhisspeechtheaudiencestartedcheering.

A.thenB.whenC.thanD.as

40.Thechildwasimmediatelyaftersupper.

A.sotiredthathewenttobedB.enoughtiredtogotobe

C.tootiredtogotobedD.verytired,hewenttobed

41.1didnotchooseanyofthethreeways,becauseIfoundsatisfactory.

A.neitherofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.noneofit

42.Howweachancetovisityourgreatcountry!

A.lookedforB.longedforC.waitedforD.wentfor

43.Don'ttoletmeknowifthereisanythingIcandoforyou.

A.rejectB.preventC.hesitateD.refuse

44.Childrenshouldn'tleavetheirtoysonthefloor.Theyshould.

A.putoutthemB.putoffthemC.putthemawayD.putthemoff

45.Thetravelerbroughtbacksomeoftherocksfromthemountains.

A.samplesB.specimensC.selectionsD.examples

PartIIIIdentiHcation(10%)

Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,Cand

D.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet

withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

46.Ifyoutakeaten?orfifteen?minutesvacationintotherealmofimaginationeach

ABC

day,youmayaddmuchtotheexcitementandenjoymentofyourlife.

D

47.Susan,togetherwithherhusbandandtwosons,aretoarriveontheeveningflight.

ABCD

48.Onlyinthiswaywecanwinthematch.

ABCD

49.Scientistsandeconomistsbelievethathumanbeingcanneveruseawayallthe

ABC

mineralresourcesonEarth.

D

50.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;Ioughttogetthereearlier.

ABCD

51.Einstein'srelativitytheoryistheonlyonewhatcanexplainsuchphenomena.

ABCD

52.1can'thelptothinkitwouldbefuntoplaysuchanexcitinggamewiththem.

ABCD

53.Ridingontheswings(秋千)andplayingwiththeducksinthepondwasour

AB

children'sgreatestpleasurewhenwetookthemtothepark.

CD

54.Paulsuggestedthatiheymeelinthefrontoftheschoolgateatoneo'clockFriday

ABCD

afternoon.

55.Smithsoldmostofhisbelongings.Hehashardlynothingleftinthehouse.

ABCD

PartIVCloze(10%)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4

choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswer

thatbestfitintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

Doyouforgettoturnoffthelightsandheaterswhenyougooutofaroom?In2040it

willnot56.Theywillturnthemselvesoff-andonagainwhenyoureturn.Asensorwill

57_thepresenceofahumanandturnthesystemson,andwhenthehumans58itwill

turnthemoffagain.

Thesensorswillwork59thecentralhomecomputer,andtheywilldomuchmore

thanjustturnthefiresandlightsonandoffforyou.Theywilldetect60_electrical

appliances,plugsorswitches,61_themsothattheycannotharmanyoneandthen62_you

thattheyneed63.Theywilldetectfireandifyouareoutofthehouse,thecomputer

willcallthefirebrigade.Itwillalsocallthepolice64thesensorsdetectanintruder(I闖入

名.).Thiswillnotbetoodifficult65_thelocksonthe66doorswillbeelectronic.You

willopenthemusingyour67card一theoneyouusefor68-maybeusinganumber

69onlytoyou.

Thecomputerwillbe70thanafireman-policemanservant.Itwillbeanentertainer,

andmostofyour71_willcome72intoyourhome.Itdoesnow,73by

2040,,entertainmenf,will74muchmore.Foronething,youwillbeabletotake75_

actively,ratherthanjustwatching...

56.A.matterB.functionC.workD.mind

57.A.evaluateB.uncoverC.detectD.expose

58.A.retireB.leaveC.withdrawD.retreat

59.A.duringB.inC.throughD.between

60.A.displeasingB.unpleasantC.faultyD.mistaken

61.A.departB.isolateC.divideD.break

62.A.warnB.tellC.persuadeD.assure

63.A.mendingB.referenceC.separationD.repair

64.A.willB.shouldC.shallD.can

65.A.unlessB.ifC.whenD.because

66.A.insideB.outsideC.outstandingD.obvious

67.A.personalB.personnelC.particularD.general

68.A.hiringB.buyingC.renewing0.shopping

69.A.realizedB.adaptedC.knownD.informed

70.A.moreB.muchC.manyD.fewer

71.A.achievementsB.announcementsC.improvementD.

entertainment

72.A.onlyB.rightC.correctlyD.fast

73.A.butB.orC.otherD.then

74.A.intendB.understandC.meanD.program

75.A.partB.placeC.stepD.action

PartVTranslation(20%)

SectionA

Directions:Inthispart,therearefivesentenceswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese.

Thesesentencesarealltakenfromthe3passagesyouhavejustreadinthepartofReading

Comprehension.Youcanreferbacktothepassagessoastoidentifytheirmeaningsinthe

context.

76.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen.

77.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwith

thefingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.

78.Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.

79.Johnhadboughtapacketofcigarettesjustbeforewecaughtthetrainandheofferedme

oneaswesettledourselvesinourcompartment,(passage1)

80.Themanweaton,inarathermorekindlyway,towarnusagainstthedangersof

smoking,(passage1)

SectionB

Directions:Inthispart,therearefivesentencesinChinese.Youshouldtranslatetheminto

English.Besuretowriteclearly.

81.大學(xué)生參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐是很重要的。

82.只要我們開動(dòng)腦筋，一定會(huì)想出新點(diǎn)子。

83.這個(gè)房間恰好同那個(gè)房間一樣大。

84.這就是第次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)的地方。

85.我過去對(duì)發(fā)音注意得更多一些就好了。

模擬試題一答案詳解

Passage1

-文章總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析

全篇圍繞“謊言”這一主題展開敘述：第一段通過舉例及疑問的方式探討究竟什么才

算是謊言；第二段介紹了南加州大學(xué)的JeraldJellison教授做過一個(gè)關(guān)于說謊的科學(xué)研

究的結(jié)論，即男人和女人說謊是不同的，而男人更可能說更嚴(yán)重的謊言；第三段則介

紹了說謊時(shí)行為上的一些細(xì)微的改變；第四段主要講述了說謊時(shí)“封嘴”這一具體行

為；最后又補(bǔ)充說明以上舉止并不能構(gòu)成講話者正在說謊的證據(jù)，而是系列的東西，

特別是說謊者所說的謊言本身。

二試題具體分析

1.【答案】C本題考查的是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)于文章第一、二段。第一

段中“youdon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.”,第二段又用舉例的方

法解釋了whitelie的含義。這個(gè)例子就是"suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanother

womanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinkitlooksawful.”

2.【答案】A本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章的第二段。該段比

較了男人和女人說謊的不同，而且男人更可能說更嚴(yán)重的謊言。參見第二段中句子

“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,”這里的比較

就是與前一句中女人撒謊相比。

3.【答案】C本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)于第三段第?句：Research

hasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparently

unimportantwayswhentheylie.同樣有研究側(cè)重于當(dāng)人們說謊時(shí)他們行為的一些細(xì)小

的，明顯的不重要的改變，很容易看出答案C與該句符合。

4.【答案】B本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)于第三段最后一句：The

tipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuresmakeititch.鼻

尖對(duì)這樣的變化非常敏感，血壓的增加使得它發(fā)癢，即與B選項(xiàng)吻合。

5.【答案】D此題考查的是考生對(duì)整篇短文的觀點(diǎn)的理解。文章首先講到男人女人

說謊的不同，而后又分析說謊時(shí)人們行為方式的變化等等，所以說文章是在分析說謊。

其他選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

三文章長難句分析與佳句賞析

1.Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebt

andyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.實(shí)際上，你并不缺錢，但

是你的這位朋友卻有欠錢不還的習(xí)慣而你又不想通過提醒他這點(diǎn)而傷害他的感情。句

子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：youarenotshortof…butyourfriendisinthehabitof,,?andyoudon'twant

to…by…；shortof…缺乏…;inthehabitof…養(yǎng)成…習(xí)慣;payone'sdeb還…的債；remind

sbof…提醒某人使想起…。

2.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpanofthemoulhwilhthe

fingers,touchingtheupper-liDorputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.他說

有幾種動(dòng)作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者一個(gè)手指支在嘴角。句子結(jié)

構(gòu)分析:Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchas???；cover,,?with*??用???遮蓋。

四、核心詞匯

shortof…缺乏…；inthehabitof…養(yǎng)成,??習(xí)慣；payone'sdeb還…的債；remindsbof-**

提醒某人使想起…；liar慣于說謊者；awful糟糕的;fulfill履行，實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成；sensitive

敏感的，靈敏的；give…away出賣…；unconscious無意識(shí)的，不省人事；attempt嘗試，

努力,試圖；rub擦,摩擦；context上下文；itch發(fā)癢;

五、全文翻譯

謊言究竟是什么？是說一些我們知道不是真實(shí)的事情？還是甚于這些？例如，假

設(shè)個(gè)朋友向你借錢。你說‘'我希望能幫助你，但我現(xiàn)在自己也缺錢?！睂?shí)際上，你并

不缺錢，但是你的這位朋友卻有欠錢不還的習(xí)慣而你又不想通過提醒他這點(diǎn)而傷害他

的感情。這是一個(gè)真正的謊言嗎？

南加州大學(xué)的JeraldJellison教授做過一個(gè)關(guān)于說謊的科學(xué)研究。研究顯示女人比

男人更善于說謊，特別是說“善意的謊言”，例如在一個(gè)派對(duì)上一個(gè)女人稱贊另一個(gè)女

人的衣服而實(shí)際上她認(rèn)為那衣服很難看。然而這只是故事的一方面。其他的研究者說

男人更傾向于說一些較嚴(yán)重的謊言，例如承諾他們從來沒想過要實(shí)現(xiàn)的承諾。政客和

商人似乎特別擅長于此類謊言：說謊者可從謊言中獲利或在某些方面得到好處。

同樣有研究側(cè)重于當(dāng)人們說謊時(shí)他們行為的一些細(xì)小的，明顯的不重要的改變。

結(jié)果表明如果他們當(dāng)時(shí)坐著，那么他們會(huì)更多的在椅子中移動(dòng)。他們對(duì)受過訓(xùn)練的觀

察者承認(rèn)“我希望我是在另一個(gè)地方”。他們也會(huì)更多的觸摸臉部的某些部分，特別是

鼻子。一個(gè)解釋是因?yàn)檎f謊會(huì)使血壓產(chǎn)生微小的變化。鼻尖對(duì)這樣的變化非常敏感，

血壓的增加使得它發(fā)癢。

另一個(gè)將說謊者出賣的舉動(dòng)是在DesmondMorris的書《Manwatching》中提到的

“封嘴”。他說有幾種動(dòng)作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者?個(gè)手指支在

嘴角。這樣的行為可以看作是一?種阻止說謊者繼續(xù)說謊的下意識(shí)舉動(dòng)。

當(dāng)然，這些舉止，例如摸鼻子或者掩蓋嘴唇，或者在椅子中移動(dòng)都不能作為講話

者正在說謊的證據(jù)。只是這些行為在這樣的情況下更容易發(fā)生。不是一個(gè)舉止就可以

將說謊者出賣，而是一系列的東西，特別是說謊者所說的謊言本身。

Passage2

一、文章總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析

文章第一段主要圍繞讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)判斷他們自己的工作而論述，通過列舉事實(shí)講述了

要給孩子留有空間，讓他們自己在學(xué)習(xí)中成長，而非總是來指導(dǎo)他們什么是正確的什

么是不正確的；第二段主要談?wù)撛趯W(xué)校老師們總是給學(xué)生指出錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生自己

發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，自己改正。

二、試題具體分析

6.【答案】D。本題考查的是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段，其中列舉了大量

事實(shí)講述要給孩子留有空間，讓他們自己在學(xué)習(xí)中成長，而并非總是來指導(dǎo)他們什么是正

確什么不是正確。與D項(xiàng)更好相符。

7.【答案】C。本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段后兩句，根據(jù)其內(nèi)

容我們可以知道作者認(rèn)為教師不能老是給學(xué)生指出錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，自己

改正。

8.【答案】A。本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段的內(nèi)容。按照作

者的意思，老師要允許孩子們彼此學(xué)習(xí)。

9.【答案】Bo本題考查的也是考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的把握，答案對(duì)應(yīng)文章第段第四行。

10.【答案】D。本題考查的是考生對(duì)全篇文章的理解，第一段和第二段都是講要讓孩子自

己去學(xué)會(huì)技能，而不必總是老師來教?切。

三、文章長難句分析與佳句賞析

1.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whathiswordsays,what

theansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingIhisornot.讓

他自己解決，如果他愿意的話可以在其他孩子們的幫助下，他說什么，這個(gè)問題的答

案是什么，這是否是說或者做的一個(gè)好方法。

句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Lethimworkout…whathiswordsays,whattheansweristothatproblem,

whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot。withthehelpof…在句中作插入

語成份。而workout后面跟的是三個(gè)并列成份。

2.Letthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheir

ownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow,讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)那些受過教

育的人們有朝一日要學(xué)習(xí)的，如何衡量他們自己的理解力，如何知道他們知道什么，不知

道什么。

句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Letthechildrenlearnwhat"-,howto…，howto…。what…，howto…，how

to…為句子的三個(gè)并列賓語從句。

四、核心詞匯

Judge判斷；Bitbybit逐漸地;whistle吹口哨;performance執(zhí)行,行為;pointout指

出；workout解決；waste浪費(fèi)；routine日常事務(wù)，例行公事；

五、全文翻譯

讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)判斷他們自己的工作。?個(gè)孩子學(xué)說話并不是通過一直地被糾正而學(xué)會(huì)

的：如果被糾正的太多的話，他會(huì)停止說話。他在一天中注意他所用的語言和周圍的人們

用的語言的不同有上千次。?點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，他為使他的語言像其他人的一樣而作了必要的改

變。同樣地，孩子們學(xué)其他所有的事情，他們都是無師自通的——走路，跑，爬，吹口哨，

騎自行車——將他們自己的行為和那些更熟練地人們進(jìn)行比較，慢慢地做出必要的改變。

但是，在學(xué)校里，我們并沒有給一個(gè)孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的錯(cuò)誤并自己改正的機(jī)會(huì)。我們?nèi)紴?/p>

他們做了。我們的做法好像是我們認(rèn)為他是不會(huì)注意到錯(cuò)誤的，除非為他指出來，或者是

他是不會(huì)改正錯(cuò)誤的，除非我們讓他改正。讓他自己解決，如果他愿意的話可以在其他孩

子們的幫助下，他說什么，這個(gè)問題的答案是什么，這是否是說或者做的一個(gè)好方法。

如果是一個(gè)正確答案的問題，像是數(shù)學(xué)或者是科學(xué)，給他們答案書。讓他們自己更正

自己的作業(yè)。為什么我們老師要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間在如此程序化的事情上呢？我們的工作是在孩子

說他找不到得到正確答案的方法時(shí)給他幫助。讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)那些受過教育的人們有朝一日

要學(xué)習(xí)的，如何衡量他們自己的理解力，如何知道他們知道什么，不知道什么。

Passage3

一、文章大意和總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析

這篇文章是一個(gè)小故事，講述作者和朋友火車上與同車廂的旅客間發(fā)生的一件趣

事。作者和約翰準(zhǔn)備在火車上吸煙，但是坐在對(duì)面的旅客提醒他們這是無煙車廂并忠

告了他們吸煙的害處。文章一直很符合邏輯地進(jìn)行，但是最后的結(jié)尾比較出人意料”

原來坐在對(duì)面的自稱為醫(yī)生的旅客竟是一位剛從精神病院逃出的患者。

二、試題詳解

11、B此題考查的是考生對(duì)文章信息的搜索。Wewereonourwaybackfromacamping

holidayo說明作者剛剛結(jié)束露營回來，而露營一般都會(huì)聯(lián)想到tent“帳篷”。A項(xiàng)ona

boat"在船上"，C項(xiàng)onafarm"在農(nóng)場上”，D