北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)北京第十二中學(xué)2024屆高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷含解析

北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)北京第十二中學(xué)2024屆高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2．作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Tobeanexpert,abeginnerneedstogothroughaseriesof_____stages.A．intermediateB．liberalC．overallD．demanding2．______________totheparty,Nancywasveryupset.A．Havingnotbeeninvited B．NothavinginvitedC．Havingnotinvited D．Nothavingbeeninvited3．________somepeoplecriticizegraffitiforbeinguglyanddestructive,thosegraffitiloversstillseeitasrealart.A．AsB．WhileC．OnceD．Until4．--Areyouhappywiththislaboratory?--Notalittle.Wecan’thave________.A．a(chǎn)worseone B．a(chǎn)nicerone C．a(chǎn)worstone D．a(chǎn)nicestone5．----Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek？---Thetrees_____________well，butIdidn'twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn'thavegrownC．wouldgrow D．wouldhavegrown6．Cellphonesarenowwidelyusedinourdailylives，________________itpossibleforustotalktoanyoneeasily.A．tomake B．madeC．make D．making7．Thediningroomiscleanandtidy,withatablealready______forabigmeal． A.beinglaidB．laying C．tolay D．laid8．Yesterdayishistory,tomorrowisamystery,onlytodayisagift,andthatis______wecallitpresent.A．how B．when C．why D．where9．—ThankGod!Thisschooltermiscomingtoanend!—Yeah,afterallthathardwork,weallaholiday.A．preserve B．observe C．reserve D．deserve10．Ourbedroomsareallonthesixthfloor,withitsownbathroom.A．a(chǎn)ll B．every C．either D．each11．Fathermadeapromise______________Ididwellintheentranceexam,hewouldtakemetoHongKonginthesummervacation.A．ifthat B．ifC．thatif D．that12．Themanwasina________conditionwithsevereinjuriestohislegsafterbeingattackedbyasharkinfarnorthQueensland.A．skepticalB．criticalC．practicalD．physical13．Hawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_____lifehasdevelopedgradually.A．that B．whyC．where D．whose14．Iwouldpersuadehertomakeroomforyou______itbenecessary.A．could B．mightC．should D．would15．—Youwerenotlistening；whattroubledyou?—Imycomingmathexam．A．a(chǎn)mthinkingabout B．wasthinkingabout C．hadthoughtabout D．willthinkabout16．—Theterribleaccidentisunderinvestigation.—Actually,quickeraction_________thoseworkerstrappedinthemine.A．mighthavesaved B．musthavesaved C．shouldhavesaved D．couldhavesaved17．BythetimehearrivedinBeijing,we_______therefortwodays.A．willhavestayed B．stay C．havebeenstaying D．hadstayed18．Thecouplewasinitiallylookingforwardtohavinganoverseasweddingbuthadtodroptheideaafterfacing________fromparents.A．recognition B．tolerationC．opposition D．proportion19．Peopletendtoloveagriculturalproducts________withouttheuseoffertilizers,pesticidesorchemicaladditives.A．growing B．grownC．beinggrown D．havingbeengrown20．______tosuccesscan’tdefeatus.Instead,theycanonlymakeusstronger.A．Attempts B．BarriersC．Contributions D．Access第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Evenplantcanrunafever，especiallywhenthey'reunderattackbyinsectsordisease．Butunlikehuman，plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3，000feetawaystraightup．Adecadeago，adoptingtheinfrared（紅外線）scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites，physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress．Thegoalwastoletfarmersprecisely（精確的）targetpesticide（殺蟲劑）sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield，whichalwaysincludesplantsthatdon'thavepestproblems．Evenbetter，Paley'sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye．Fixedonaplaneflownat3，000feetatnight，aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatsentoutbycrops．Thedataweretransformedintoacolor﹣codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning"fevers"．Farmerscouldthenspot﹣spray，using50to70percentlesspesticidethattheyotherwisewould．ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddownin1984，afteronlythreeyears．Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong﹣termsupporterswerehardtofind．Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduceandrefinements（改進(jìn)）ininfraredscanning，Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation．Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthatthetechnologyworks．"Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates，"saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M，whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture，thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade．ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialsupportwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago．1、Plantswillgiveoutanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare．A．facinganinfraredscannerB．sprayedwithpesticidesC．exposedtoextremesunraysD．inpoorphysicalcondition2、Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely，wecanuseinfraredscanningto．A．drawacolor﹣codedmapB．evaluatethedamagetothecropsC．locatetheproblemareaD．measurethesizeoftheaffectedarea3、Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficultiesof．A．thelackofofficialsupportB．itshighcostC．thelackoffinancialsupportD．itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction4、Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof．A．fullsupportfromagriculturalexpertsB．theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgricultureC．thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduceD．growingconcernabouttheoveruseofpesticidesoncrops22．（8分）PromoteYourBookwithaFreeBookDailyAuthorAccountWeinviteyoutosetupafreeauthoraccountonBookDailytopromoteyourbooktoourreaders.BookDailyintroducesauthorstonewreadersbyprovidingasamplechapterfromtheauthor’sbooks.Justyesterday,15,886samplechaptersweresenttoourreadersbyemail.Itonlytakesafewminutestosetupyouraccountandyou’llseeyourbooksnexttothosebybest-sellingauthorsonBookDaily.com,justwaitingtobediscoveredbynewreaders!BookMarketingBenefitsJointhegrowingcommunityofauthorswhouseBookDailyasatoolindevelopingtheironlinepromotionalstrategies(策略).AfreeBookDailyauthoraccountallowsyouto:?Postthefirstchapterofanyofyourbooksforreaderreview?Postyourbiographyandphoto?IncludealinktoyourwebsiteoryourblogfornewtrafficandSEOvalue?Loadvideoaboutyourbook?Receivearegularauthormarketingnewsletterfromthoughtleadersindigitalbookmarketing?Promoteyourworkwithourfreepressreleaseinformation,andmoreFreeBonus:Receiveafreecopyofourebook,“OnlineMarketingfurAuthors”,loadedwithonlinemarketinginformation.It’sEasytoGetStarted!Ifyouhavealreadybegunpromotingyourbookonline,thechancesareverygoodchatyoualreadyhaveeverythingyouneedanditshouldonlytakeafewminutes.We’llwalkyouthroughthefollowingstepstomakeiteasy：?Setupaccountnameandpassword?Cheekyouremailaddress?Loadyourbio,pictureandvideos?Addyoursamplechapter?Beginpromoting!1、WhatBookDailydoesisjust________.A．tohelpimprovetheauthor’sbooksB．toletreadersknowmoreabouttheauthor’sbooksC．toaskbest-sellingauthorsforhelpD．tomaketheauthor’sbooksoldatahigherprice2、ThroughaBookDailyauthoraccount,anauthorwill________.A．receivefreeonlinemarketinginformationB．havehisnewsletterpublishedC．setuphisownwebsiteforhisbooksD．publishhisbookrevieweasily3、Ifyouhavealreadybegunpromotingbooksonline,itwillbe________tosetupaBookDailyauthoraccount.A．moredifficultB．morereasonableC．cheaperD．easier23．（8分）DevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe’sbeenduringherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated(截肢)attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takinginthespectacularParthenontempleinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewell-knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.“IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalk-board,”Gallaghersaid.“Mymumandgrand-motherweren,’ttookeenontheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid.”Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe’swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback,“Myleghasn’tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI’vewantedtodo,”shesaid.“Idon’tknowifit’smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,butregardless,I’vebeenabletokeepupwithmypeersandleadaprettygreatlife.”Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.1、WhatmessagedidGallapherwanttospreadinherspecialway?A．Sheenjoyshertravellingacrosstheglobe.B．Shesufferslittlefromherlegsamputation.C．shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.D．Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.2、Whatdoestheword“which”underlinedinparagraph4referto?A．thecontinent B．thepictures C．theleg D．thelocation3、Gallaphercanbestbedescribedas________.A．helpfulandambitious B．friendlyandgenerousC．determinedandcreative D．independentandsensible4、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．NeverTooLatetoshare B．ASpecialArtificialLegC．AnOutstandingPhotographer D．Gallagher’sSummerHolidays24．（8分）Beingattractiveisn’tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday’sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,low-payingjob.Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforaless-than-desirablejob.Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeamanager,projectdirector,ITelite(精英).Inallexperimentswheretheywereasked,participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejobandmorelikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthemoredesirablejob.MsLeesaid,“Intheselectiondecisionforanundesirablejob,decisionmakersweremorelikelytochoosetheunattractiveindividualovertheattractiveindividual.Co-authorDrMadanPillutlasaid,“Itisinterestingthatdecisionmakersconsiderothers’opinionsintheirdecisions.Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob.”Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohigh-leveljobs.1、Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofbeingattractive?A．Itisadisadvantage.B．Itisablessing.C．itisnotimportant.D．Ithasnothingtodowithjobs.2、WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．TheparticipantsoftheexperimentB．TheimportanceoftheexperimentC．TheprocessoftheexperimentD．Theresultoftheexperiment.3、Anordinary-lookinggraduatemayhaveanadvantagewhenapplyingfor________.A．a(chǎn)managerB．a(chǎn)projectdirectorC．a(chǎn)warehouseworkerD．a(chǎn)nITelite4、Whyarelessattractiveapplicantspreferredforlessdesirablejobs?A．Becausetheyaremorehardworking.B．Becausetheywillbemoresatisfied.C．Becausetheyhavenorequirementsatall.D．Becausetheywillwantbetteroutcomes.5、Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththeresearch?A．Attractivepeoplearemorefitforhigh-leveljobs.B．Lessattractivepeopleareeasytofindhigh-leveljobs.C．Attractivepeoplecanalwaysbehiredwhenapplyingforjobs.D．Lessattractivepeoplecaneasilygethighlypaidiftheyworkhard.25．（10分）TherearecampusmuseumsalloverChinathatoffervariouscollectionsandmakeforeye-openingvisits.BeijingAirandSpaceMuseumatBeihangUniversityAdmission:freeOpeninghours:TuesdayandSaturday,9:00am-12:00pmHighlights:Includedamongthemorethan300historicaircraftandspaceartifactsareoneofthetwoNorthropP-61BlackWidowsintheworldandChina’sfirstlightairliner,Beijing1.FudanUniversityMuseumAdmission:freeOpeninghours:TuesdaytoFriday,9:00am-11:30amand1:30pm-4:30pmHighlights:AuniquecollectionofnativeartifactsfromtheGaoshanaboriginesinTaiwan.Someofthem,suchaspearlvests,arerarelyseeneveninTaiwan.ChinaIchthyicCultureMuseumatShanghaiOceanUniversityAdmission:10yuanOpeninghours:MondaytoFriday,9:00am-11:30amand1:30pm-4:00pmHighlights:Inthiscollectionofmorethan40,000specimensofabout3,000ocean-dwellingspecies,themosteye-catchingoneisan18.4-meter-longspermwhaleskeleton.YifuMuseumofChinaUniversityofGeosciencesAdmission:40yuan;halfpriceforstudentsOpeninghours:MondaytoFriday,8:30am-12:00pmand2:30pm-5:00pm;weekendsandholidays,9:00am-4:30pmHighlights:Ithousesacollectionofmorethan30,000mineralandrockspecimens,morethan2,000ofwhicharerareoneslikethemuseum’swell-knowndinosaurfossils.ChinaAcademyMuseumatHunanUniversityAdmission:50yuanOpeninghours:MondaytoSunday,8:00am-6:30pminsummerand8:30am-6:00pminwinterHighlights:China’sonlymuseumtofeaturethehistoryofacademiesandculturaleducationinthecountry.1、Whichmuseumwillyouchooseifyou’reinterestedinseaspecies?A．ChinaAcademyMuseumatHunanUniversity.B．YifuMuseumofChinaUniversityofGeosciences.C．BeijingAirandSpaceMuseumatBeihangUniversity.D．ChinaIchthyicCultureMuseumatShanghaiOceanUniversity.2、WhatcanyouseeinYifuMuseumofChinaUniversityofGeosciences?A．Spaceartifacts. B．Dinosaurfossils.C．Nativeartifacts. D．Spermwhaleskeletons.3、WhencanyougotoChinaAcademyMuseumatHunanUniversity?A．OnTuesday6:00pminwinter.B．OnSaturday8:00aminwinter.C．OnSunday6:30pminsummer.D．OnWednesday8:00aminsummer.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）AsIwalkedthroughaparkinglotonacoldnight,Isawahomelessman.Hewassettlinginto1againstthewallsurroundingatrashbin.ThoughIknewasawoman,itwas2formetoaskgstrangemanifheneeded3,Iturnedandwalkedback.“Sir,”Ibegan,“Iliveoverthere.”Ipointedtomycomplexand4thatthepoliceofficerinthecommunitysaidtheywouldtrytohelpthehomelessfind5ifwecalled.Iaskedifitwasokayto6thepolice,andhesaidthatitwas.7Idonotcarryacellphone,I8acallatanearbybusiness.Iwasafraidthepolicewouldpassbyandnotseehim.Ididnotwanthimtobe9.WhenIreturned,Iaskedifitwasokayformeto10withhim.Again,hecalmly11.Hethenasked,“Doyouthinkthey’llfindmeanapartment?”“Idobelieveso”ismy12tohim.Ididnothaveanymoneyorfoodwithme—13.twowaterbottles.Ismiled,pulledoutoneofthewaterbottlesand14ittohim.Hetookthebottleandthensatup,asifhewantedtorespectthe15Imade.Hethoughtforamomentandthenbegandrinkingsmallsipsofthewater.Whentheofficersarrived,they16methathewouldhavehousingandeventhankedme.Tomy17,Iwasunwillingtoleavetheman.Irealizedanunexpected18wasborn.ItwasthecalmmanwhosenameIneverknewthat19methatthoughtherewillalwaysbepeoplewhoarebetterabletodo20,sometimesyoumuststopbecauseyouaretheonewhoisthere.1、A．eatB．learnC．sleepD．lean2、A．strangeB．unwiseC．necessaryD．vital3、A．helpB．guideC．donationD．sponsor4、A．excusedB．inquiredC．expressedD．explained5、A．shelterB．moneyC．foodD．drink6、A．begB．questionC．contactD．touch7、A．WhileB．SinceC．WhenD．If8、A．receivedB．confirmedC．returnedD．made9、A．invisibleB．impoliteC．ignorantD．a(chǎn)nnoyed10、A．playB．chatC．liveD．wait11、A．forgotB．a(chǎn)greedC．refusedD．doubted12、A．ideaB．reasonC．causeD．response13、A．yetB．evenC．justD．still14、A．offeredB．lentC．sentD．owed15、A．decisionB．effortC．promiseD．difference16、A．requiredB．warnedC．a(chǎn)ssuredD．informed17、A．surpriseB．joyC．regretD．pride18、A．businessB．a(chǎn)ctionC．organizationD．connection19、A．a(chǎn)dvisedB．calledC．remindedD．a(chǎn)llowed20、A．everythingB．somethingC．nothingD．a(chǎn)nything第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Africahasbeencalledthe“darkcontinent”foralongtimebecause1．lackstechnology,electricityandother2．(achieve)ofthemodemworld.However,itisbeginningtochange.Africaisstartingtocatchupwith3．(industry)countriesandthedrivingforcebehindthisnewdevelopmentistheInternetandtheWorldWideWeb.NowAfricaisthefastest4．(grow)placeontheearth.Sofar,governments,businessesandindividuals5．(realize)thatinordertodevelopquickly,modemtechnologyisneeded.OnlytenyearsagoaSIMcardusedtocostabout$100inNiger.Todayyoucanbuyoneforunder$2andphonecallshavebecomemuch6．(cheap),too.Asaresult,23%ofitspopulationarenowmobilephoneusers.7．(equip)withthisnewservice,peoplecanconnecttotheInterneteasily.ManyNigerianshaveaccess8．theWorldWideWebnow.InEthiopiafarmerscannowgetthepricesoftheirfarmingproductsinrealtime.Untilrecently,mostofthesmallfarmersofthecountrydidnotknow9．thepricesoftheirproductswereat10．certaintime.Today,theycanphoneinandgetanup-to-the-minutereportonprices.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限—詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Yesterdayafternoonmyfriends,XiaoMing,andIwentskatingonthelake.Assoonaswegothere,webegantoskatehappily.Suddenly,Inoticedsomethingusual.ThemomentIwarnedXiaoMingtotakecareof,theicebrokebutheslippedintothewater.Ihadnochoicebutcryforhelp.Afterhearingmycry,a