現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(第二版) 精讀2 第1單元知識點(diǎn)

Unit1

TextAAnotherSchoolYearWhatFor?

Part1Background

I.Abouttheauth(j6hnCiardi(191986)

A.Hislife:

achildofItalianimmigrants,Boston

BeganhiscareerteachingEnglishattheUniversityofKansasCityJoinedtheUSAir

Forcein1942,servedasagunnerinfighterplaneswentontoteachatHarvard

Universityin1946

in1953acceptedapositionatRutgersUniversity

in1961,gaveupteachinganddevotedhimselftohisownliteraryendeavors

B.Hisinfluence:

Poet,translator,etymologistMajor

works:

FirstbookofpoeHisrpewardtoAmerica1940

OtherSkie3focusingonh^ianieexperience,1947

HowDoesaPoemMean,astandardtextbookforhighschoolandcollegepoetrycoTranslationof

Dant?證neComedy(TheInfenpl954ThePurgatorp1961^TheParadiso,1970)

Influence:

Averypopularpoet

PoetryeditorSafurdayReviefcrom1956to1972

FellowoftheNationalAcademyofArtsandSciencesandamemberandformerpresident

oftheNationalInstituteofArtsandLetters

II.Genre

Orientationspeech

periodoftimeatthebeginningoftheacademianj?arsityaduringwhichavarietyofeventsareheldto

orientandwelcomenewstudents.Thoaientatidinelpsnewstudentstoorganizetheiiclasses^cclimateto

studenflife^ndintroducdhemselvestoothernewstudents.Speechesareoftengivenatorientationby

presidentsoracclaimedprofesuniversity.

Audience:Collegefreshmen

Style:colloquial,familiar;firsthumorous,mildlysarcastic;laterseriousandea

?b

Part2WordStudy

1.accomplishmentn.

①achievement成就；成績

Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.特有的成就。

②theactoffinishingsth.completelyand

③askillorspecial通超技藝；專長

★Cognate:accomplishv完成accomplished時(shí)?才華高的；技藝高超的；熟練的

2.acquirev.togain;togetforoneselfbyone's得，得至U適時(shí)端而、能力、行為表現(xiàn))獲

Throughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceof...(para.

通過書本，你能獲得一些……的思想。

★Collocatio:nacquireatastefor開^某陟n

acquiredtas窺泊勺愛好

★CF:acquire,obtain,gain

acquire強(qiáng)調(diào)通過不斷的、持續(xù)的努力而獲得某物，也指日積月累地漸漸地獲得。書面語

用詞。

obtain較正式用詞，著重通過巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的東西。

gain側(cè)重指經(jīng)過努力或有意識行動而取得某種成就或獲得某種利益、好處。

3.arrogantlyadv.behavinginaproudandinqMrtant；自大地

ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,...(para.12)

……，或者對自己的局限不以為恥反以為榮......

★Cognatearrogantadj傲，慢的，自大的arrogancen傲“曼，自大

arrogatev妄稱；擅取

★CF:arrogantly,haughty,proud,vain,cocky

arrogan用于貶義，指過高估計(jì)自己，以至驕傲自大或傲慢無禮，目中無人。haughty較

正式用詞，多用于貶義。指對身份或地位比自己低的人采取冷淡、輕視或鄙視的態(tài)度。

proud含義廣，普通用詞。褒義指自豪和榮耀以及強(qiáng)烈的自尊；貶義則指傲慢，自以為

是或自鳴得意。

vain指一個(gè)對自己的外表或?qū)ψ约毫艚o別的印象太過分地關(guān)注，以致自命不凡，自鳴得

JlAjXO

cocky指過分自信的；自以為是的。

4.assumev.

①totakeasafact;tos悔勵(lì)段設(shè);認(rèn)為

Assumeyouhavegonethroughpharmacyschool.障設(shè)|疆)完了制藥的課程...

.2.

②totakeorbegintohavepowerorrespo^?^）;取得（權(quán)力）

★CollocationItis/wasassumedth扒....

Ifsgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbyt蠲扇的vo盛.張是T作過重所致。

★Cognate:assumptionn假設(shè);承擔(dān)

★CF:assume,presume,support,guess,postulate

assume指有很少或完全無根據(jù)的武斷推測或不合邏輯的推理。presume

側(cè)重以過去經(jīng)驗(yàn)或根據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)的某些感覺把某事認(rèn)定為是事實(shí)。

suppose常用詞，意義較廣泛，指缺乏確切事實(shí)，根據(jù)一些現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行的推測，也可指為論

證而提出合乎邏輯推理的某種假定，有時(shí)僅表示自己的意見。

guess常用詞，指毫無根據(jù)僅憑個(gè)人主觀臆斷或碰運(yùn)氣的猜測。

postulat蜀3證實(shí)一個(gè)理論的正確性而進(jìn)行的假設(shè)。

5.availableadj.

（Dabletobebought,usedoreasily卷S的;可獲得的；可找到的

Weareheretomakeavailabletoyou,asbestwecan,thatexpertise.（para.14）我們教師的任務(wù)就

是盡最大努力使你們能夠獲得那些知識和技能。

②（ofaperson）freetoseeortalk^^^bple

★Cognate:availability.有效性;可用性

6.average

①v.tocalculatetheaverage^）算出i.....的平均數(shù)

YourdaysaregoingtoaverageouttoioufcLli\^dirtL^s（para.4）你這一輩子，每

天大概平均有二十四個(gè)小時(shí)。

②adj.calculatedbyaddingseveralamountstogether,findingatotal,anddividing

thenumberofamount羽勻的

（3）n.theresultofaddingseveralamountstogether,findingatotal,anddividingthnumberofamounts平均

數(shù)

★Collocatio:naverageou平均數(shù)為

anaverageof..........的平均數(shù)

anaveragerate/cost/p^^嬴率成本價(jià)格

7.bulln.anadultanimalofthecattle愈錦ily

thatthebulldoesn'tjumpthefence,....（p胸像牛不會跳進(jìn)籬笆里，....

★CF:bull,ox,steer,cow

bull公牛（未閹割）；ox公牛（閹牛）；steer食用牛；cow母牛、奶牛

★Collocatio:nabullneck（公牛般的）短俎脖子

abullinachinas環(huán)顧環(huán)境）笨拙莽撞的人，冒失鬼take

thebullbytheSI故就對困境（或險(xiǎn)境）

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★Others:theYearofthe^Qx年

thespiritofth三蛹青（神）:servingthepeopl孺^4=0；drivinginnovative

developmentox拓（荒牛）;workingtirelessl^^x牛Q

8.certifyv.tostatethatsth.istrueorcorrect,esp.afterwouldcertify窺test

thathespecializedinpharmacy,...（para.2）

這份證書證明他接受過制藥的專門訓(xùn)練，……

★Cognate:certificatiai證明，鑒定certificatB證明（書）；文憑；結(jié)業(yè)證書

★CF:certify,testify,verify,justify

certif偏重評判合格性，除此之外，它還有給別人發(fā)證書之意。

testif偏向于測定性能、指標(biāo)，還有在法庭上作證的意思；verify

重于核實(shí)，檢查、校驗(yàn)狀況；

justif裁判、判定公平性、正確性等，還有使（文本）對齊的意思。

9.civilizedadj.

①havinganadvanced;開化的

Thereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoinventforoneselfeverythingoneneknowinordertobea

civilizedhuman,（para.10）

人的一生時(shí)間十分短暫，不足以讓他自己創(chuàng)造成為一個(gè)文明人需要知道的一切知識。

?educatedandrefin育敢養(yǎng)的

★Cognate:civilizev.使文明；使有教養(yǎng)civilization.文明

★Antonym:uncivilizeda4j.未開化的；無教養(yǎng)的

10.containv.

①tohavesth.insideorasp包含gf含有;容納

Acivilizedmindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchwor（para.12）

一個(gè)文明人的頭腦，從本質(zhì)上說，必須包括很多這樣的生活和很多這樣的世界。

②tokeepyourfeelingsunderc拗制）1克制，抑制（感情）

★CollocatiaicontainoneseQ^I];克制某人自己

11.continuityn.thestateofbeingcontin遹6更性；持續(xù)性

Ifyouhavenotime...forthecontinuityofthefinearts,...（para.9）如果你沒時(shí)間了解藝

術(shù)發(fā)展的過程……

★Collocatiaiensure/provide/maintaincontinuit確儒是供保持...的連續(xù)性

★Cognate:continuev持續(xù)；繼續(xù)存在continued碼繼續(xù)不變的；連續(xù)不斷的

continuous河不斷的；延伸的

★Antonym:discontinuity!!.不連貫；不連續(xù)

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12.democraticadj.

①basedontheideathateveryoneshouldhaveequalrightsandshouldbeinvolvediimportantdecision

主的

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdeintellect?(par^§)一

家之主，你能讓你的家人對我們偉大的民主思想有所了解嗎？

②(ofacountry^tate^ystem,etc.^ontrolletiyrepresentative)areelectecbythe

peopleofacountry;connectedwiththi^韭般m民主政體的；民主制度的

③basedontheprinciplethatallmembersofsocietyareequalratherthandivided

orsocialc嘀民主精神的；平等的

★Collocatio:nademocraticcountry/sys^fe國家民主制度

democraticparticipation/dec^^^^決策

ademocraticsocie健全社會democratic改革

★Cognate:democracyn民主；民主政體；民主制度democratn民主主義者

13.employv.

①(heretospendtimedoing梅底間布攵...

Thenforabouteighthoursofeachworkingdayyouwill,Ihope,beusuallyemplo每個(gè)工作B,你大

約需要工作八小時(shí)，我希望你會用來做些有用的事。

②togivesb.ajobtodofor^^ient

③tousesth.suchasaskill,methodetc.forapa施閑l;a運(yùn)閱

★Collocatio:nbeemployedindoing于；忙況伯

★Cognate:employeen雇員employern雇主

employable哂具備受雇條件的；適宜雇用的

employment口職業(yè)；工作；受雇；就業(yè)

14.enrollv.toofficiallyarrangetojoinaschoolor噬^注冊;登記

Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinechatt僻kteol,…儂訊2)我可以向他指出，他

進(jìn)的不是一所制藥學(xué)?！?/p>

★Cognate:enrolleen入學(xué)者；被錄用者enrollmentn入學(xué)，注冊，登記隊(duì)數(shù))

15.essencen.themostimportantqualityorfeature.(S^h實(shí)質(zhì);精髓

Acivilizemdindis,inessence,onethatcontainsmanysuchlivesandmanysuchworlds,(para.12)

一個(gè)文明人的頭腦，從本質(zhì)上說，必須包括很多這樣的生活和很多這樣的世界。

★Collocatiaiinessenc本質(zhì)上；實(shí)質(zhì)上oftheesse成釬可少；非常重要

★Cognate:essentialadj.必不可少的；本質(zhì)的n.必需品；實(shí)質(zhì)

essentiallyadv.本質(zhì)上；根本上；基本上

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16.expertisen.skillinaparticular藺馬翅識;專門技能;專長

Weareheretomakeavailabletoyou,asbestwecan,thatexpertise.（para.14）我們教師的任務(wù)就

是盡最大努力使你們能夠獲得那些知識和技能。

★Collocatio:nexpertiseinsth./doin在sth.方面的專長，專門技能

★Cognate:expertn專家；行家前熟練的；專家的；內(nèi)行的

17.facultyn.

①（AmE）alltheteachersofauniversity某扈^全體教師

NewasIwastothefaculty,...我也墀）然是個(gè)初出茅廬的新教師，...

②adepartmentorgroupofrelateddepartmentsina籟4碇（

③aparticularabilityfordo|霞上聞能

★Collocatio:ntheFacultyofArts/Science^制郵完理學(xué)院法學(xué)院

★Identifiablegenusstaffn全

體職工（或雇員）

castn.（一出戲劇或一部電影的）全體演員crew

n.（輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的）全體工作人員

18.fragment

①n.asmallpieceo廨由;片段

Throughbooksyoucanacquireatleastfragmentsofthemindandexperienceof...（pa通過書本，你能獲

得一些……的思想。

②v.tobreakormakesth.breakintosmallpie磁時(shí)卒,份裂

★Cognate:firagmentaryacy.殘缺不全的；不完整的firagmentationn.破碎；分裂

fragmented叫分裂的；破碎的

19.generatev.toproduc產(chǎn)生;引起

...thathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshisto

……他曾接觸過一些人類發(fā)展史上產(chǎn)生的思想。

★Collocatio:ngenerateelectricity/heat/^^er產(chǎn)生熱勵(lì)力generate

income/prof?生收益利潤

★Cognate:generationn.艙旨電、熱等的產(chǎn)生generatorn發(fā)電機(jī)

★CF:generate,create,produce,form,developgenerate指

創(chuàng)造或產(chǎn)生電、財(cái)富、主意。

create指創(chuàng)造、創(chuàng)作、創(chuàng)建原本不存在的東西。

produce指生產(chǎn)、制造商品；運(yùn)用技巧制作、造出。

form指用某種物品制作、組成、制成另一種物品。

develop指開發(fā)、研制產(chǎn)品，由用于商務(wù)語境。

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20.graduate

①adjoforconcerningapersonwhohasauniversO^型解e

...andIwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniveKansasCity,(para.l)

……我當(dāng)時(shí)研究生剛畢業(yè)，開始在堪薩斯市大學(xué)教書。

②n.apersonwhohasauniversity發(fā)度轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)生；學(xué)士學(xué)位獲得者

③v.tocompleteacourseinedu^lbn

★Collocatio:ngraduateschooflj^生院

agraduatein學(xué)士agraduatestude^^生

graduatefrom..從...畢業(yè)

21.grind

(Dv.(ground,ground)tocrushintosmallpiecesorpowderbypressingbetweenhard磨碎;碾碎;

把……磨成粉

Itwouldnotread:QualifiSdiBiilhgTechnician,是，合格的藥劑師

②n.anactivitythatistiringorboringandt徽田乍；苦差事

★Collocatio:ngrinddown折磨，磨損grindsb.dow帳時(shí)間)虐待、欺壓某人

grindon令人厭煩地繼續(xù)grindsth.0鬢生產(chǎn)(長指粗制濫造)

bringsth.toagrindin鎮(zhèn)礴亭下來

grindtoahalt/cometoagrindf量慢

dailygrinffl?，嵤?/p>

22.humanityn.

①thequalitiesofbeing岫譴n仁慈

toacceptasagifttoyourhumanitysomepiecesofthemindsofAristotle,...

……，因而沒有接受包里士多德……等人的某些思想作為你為人知道的禮物……

②peopleingene圖稱0人；人類

③thestateofbeingapersonratherthanagod,ananimal/^ftamachine

★Cognate:humannAadj犬勺；有人情味的humaneaj.人道的；仁慈的

humanismn人文中義

23.implicitlyadv.

①inanimpliedwd畬蓄地

Thefaculty,byitsveryexercise,saysimplicitly...(para.14)高校教師存在的

本身就暗示了這一點(diǎn)……

②inacompleteway;undoubted9地；毫無疑問

★Cognate:implicita4j.含蓄的；完全的

★Synonym:absolutelyadv.絕對地;完全地

★Antonym:explicitlyadv.明白地；明確地

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24.incompetencen.lackoftheskillorabilitytodoyourjoborataskasitshouldbe無能

orthatyourclientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompet

……(就要確保)你的委托人不會因?yàn)槟愕臒o能而上了電椅。

★Cognate:incompetent8.無能力的；不勝任的；不稱職的

competencen能力，資格

25.inevitableadjcertaintohappenandimposs帝國避免的

Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,...(para.9)我們的大學(xué)不可

避免地會有一些這樣的人畢業(yè)……

★Collocatio:ninevitable趨勢inevitable果

★Cognate:inevitablyadv.必可避免地；必然地inevitabilitny.必然性

26.intellectn.

?powerofthough思隹能力

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocintellect?(para.6)

身為一家之主，你能讓你的家人對我們偉大的民主思想有所了解嗎？

②averyintelligent高的人；才智超群的人

★Cognate:intellectuakij智力的；有才智的n.知識分子；腦力勞動者

intelligencen.智力；才智；智慧

intelligenhdj有才智的;聰明的

27.inventv.toproduceordesignsth.thathasnotexist^B3)p?l^

ThereisnottimeenoughinasingleMetanenforoneselfeverythingoneneedstoknowinordertobea

civilizedhuman,(para.10)

人的一生時(shí)間十分短暫，不足以讓他自己創(chuàng)造成為一個(gè)文明人需要知道的一切知識。

★Cognate:inventionn.發(fā)明;創(chuàng)造

28.literaladj.

①inthebasicmeaningof義的

andittakesyouintoaworldyouhavenotthetimetotravelinliteraltime.

……，它能把你帶進(jìn)一個(gè)你在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中不可能去旅游的世界。

②thatfollowstheoriginalwords急拿嘛文茁］

★Collocatio:naliteraltransl直培n

★Cognateliterature文學(xué)；文學(xué)作品literarjadj文學(xué)的；文學(xué)上的

literateaq.有讀寫能力的；有文化的

29.limitationn.

①alimitonwhatsb./sth.candoorhowgoodthey局限tcanbe

ortooarrogantlyproudofyourownlimitations,...(para.12)

……,或者對自己的局限不以為恥反以為榮，……

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②theactorprocessoflimitingorcontrol?g.

★Cognate:limit珅艮度v限制；限定limited時(shí)有限的

limitlessa4j.無限制的；無止境的

★Synonym:restriction,control,constraintPffl^tfR^t30.maintainv.

①tocontinuetohaveas保持

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdeintellect?(para.6)

身為一家之主，你能讓你的家人對我們偉大的民主思想有所了解嗎？

②tokeepsth.ingoodconditionbycheckingorrepairin維修娓鼐rly

③tosupportsb./sth.overalongperiodoftimebygivingmoney,借帚薪船food,

★Collocatio:nmaintainlawandorder/standards/a罐熱發(fā);保持水平平衡

★Cognate:maintenancen.保養(yǎng)，維護(hù)

★Synonym:preservev.維護(hù);保養(yǎng)

31.mechanizev.tochangetheprocesssothattheworkisdonebymachinesratherthapeople機(jī)械化;

使機(jī)械化

Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,...(para.9)你)將變成那種新

型的機(jī)械化的野蠻人，……

★Cognate:mechanization!!機(jī)械化

★Synonym:automatev使自動化

32.neverthelessadv.inspiteoftha於管如此;不過;然而

Nevertheless,IwasyoungandIhadahighsenseofdutyandItriedtoputitint盡管如此，我當(dāng)時(shí)很年

輕，有很強(qiáng)的的責(zé)任心，所以就試著這么跟他解釋……

★Synonym:nonethelessadv.盡管如此

33.peculiaradj.

①belongingonlytoaparticularperson;卿殊的

Booksareman'speculiaraccomplishment.(甫特有的成就。

②strangeorunusual,especiallyinawaythatisunpleasal|；^^g男常的不

★Collocatio:nforsomepeculiarrea圉于某種奇怪的原因

★Cognate:peculiarlyadv.特有地；特別地peculiarityn.

特異的性質(zhì)(習(xí)慣)；怪癖

★Synonym:particulara4j.特別的；獨(dú)特的unique通獨(dú)特的

odd哂奇怪的;怪異的

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34.penetratingadj.

①showingtheabilitytounderstandthingsclearly潦刻白句職]^^勺

Willthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?（para.6）在家里你的孩子能

受到一些理智而又深邃的想法的熏陶嗎？

?（ofsb/esyesorthewaytheylookatyou）makingyoufeeluncomfortablebecausethepersonseems

toknowwhatyouarethiif牖或眼神）銳利的；犀利的；尖利的

③（ofasoundorvoice）loudand旗a嗓音）響亮的;尖厲的

?spreadingdeeplyorwid瑞漫的;滲透的

★Collocatio:napenetratingcomment/criticism/qu^金曲評論；入木三分的批評；尖銳的

問題

apenetratinggaze/look/^^^Q的）疑視目光力主視

thepenetratingcold/d釉霞勺寒氣;彳艮重的濕氣

★Cognate:penetratev穿過;洞察;滲透penetrationn.穿透;滲透penetrativea中深

入的；徹底的penetrable喃可被穿透的；能穿透的

35.presidev.tolead;tobein（會議、儀式等）；擔(dān)任（會議）主席

Willyoubepresidingoverafamilymdmtainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect?（par彝

為）一家之主，你能讓你的家人對我們偉大的民主思想有所了解嗎？

★Collocation:thepresidingju營席法官presideat/overafe......

★Synonym:chairv.擔(dān)任（會議、討論等的）主席；主持（會議、討論等）36.professional

①adjrelatingotheworkthatapersondoesforanoccupationpsp.workthatrequiresspecialtrainffi^]/

的；專業(yè)的

...duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills,（para.5）在這八小時(shí)里，你會

使用你的專業(yè)技術(shù)。

②n.apersonwhodoesajobthatneedsspecialtrainingandahigh庵間樂feducation員;專業(yè)人士;專

家

★Cognate:profession!!職業(yè)

37.pursuitn.

（Dsomethingthatyougiveyourtimeandenergyto,thatyo^血;ho?&

Theyareallusefulpursuits.速3^^）非常有用的職業(yè)。

②theactoftryingtoachievesth.ina最

③theactoffollowingorchas追趕胡宗；追捕

★Collocatio:ninhotpursu霜不舍

outdoor/leisure/artisticp應(yīng)即獻(xiàn)npursuit；休閑活動；業(yè)余爰好

of翻謀物

-10-

38.qualifiedadj.havingsuitableknowledgeorexperiencerequiredforapart匾larjob備...的學(xué)歷

(或資質(zhì))

Itwouldnotread:QualifiSdiBiilhgTechnician,(pa^^)是'玲格的藥劑師

★Collocatio:nbequalifiedfor有.....的資格，適合擔(dān)任....

behighly/suitably/fullyqu勰子矣全符合資格

*Cognate:qualifyv取得資格或?qū)W歷)；合格qualificatk資格；資歷；學(xué)歷

39.raisev.

①(AmE)tocareforachildoryounganimaluntilitisabl撫舞;t墻膏qa^^fitself

Whatsortoffamilyareyouraising?他密箭育你的孩子？

②toliftormovesth.toah遢和k雌^;提起

(3)toincreasetheamountorlevel增力8t|)^(數(shù)量、水平等)

④tobringorcollectmoneyorpeopletogether;tomanageto5th?召集;組建

★Collocatio:nraisesalaries/prices才薪水價(jià)格稅金

raiseone飛hopc/vjl^^g人的希望提高某人的嗓門raise

money/anarm^戔組建軍隊(duì)

40.rear

①v.tocareforapersonorananimaluntiltheya就養(yǎng)］球意養(yǎng)Alongwith

everythingelse,andrearsyourchildren,(para.5)除此之夕卜，.,撫養(yǎng)你的

子女。

(2)n.thebackparto昭鄙

③adjatorneartheback;后部的

★Collocationrearsb./sth.on用h....QD畏養(yǎng)；(以...娛樂，培養(yǎng)

thefrontandthe前后Bbringupthe逋§在隊(duì)尾；殿后

sth.rearsits(ugly)討城的事6葡出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生

★Cognate:rearingn撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；培養(yǎng)

★Synonym:raisev.撫養(yǎng)；培育；養(yǎng)育

41.resourcesn.p^possessionsintheformofwealth,property,skillsetc.Matyouh

源；財(cái)力

…，soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresou喝舶勺精就^^2也是如此。

★Collocatio:nhuman/naturalresourc表力自然資源pool

theresourc集中資源

42.sensitiveadj.

①abletounderstandorappreciateart,music,感曲隨曲r藝術(shù)感覺好的；有悟性的

Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshudderin

會有一幅能讓一個(gè)具有一定鑒賞力的人看了不至于不寒而栗的畫嗎？

?1b

②awareofandabletounderstandotherpeopleandth懶占的ql體蝴的;善解人意的

③easilyoffendedoru閡能氣的；易被惹惱的；神經(jīng)過敏的

④reactingquicklyormorethanusua@J^^|h.過敏的

★Collocatio:nasensitiveport栩殿□生的畫像

besensitiveto對！….敏感;對....過敏

besensitiveabout^h.…過敏

★Cognate:sensitivity體貼;敏感的覺悟

★Antonym:insensitivea4j沫意識到的；漠不關(guān)心的

43.shudderv.

①toshakeuncontrollablyforam?i寒玲(、害怕或激動而)發(fā)抖，打顫，戰(zhàn)栗

Willtherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshuddering?會有——幅能讓——個(gè)

具有一定鑒賞力的人看了不至于不寒而栗的畫嗎？

②(ofavehicle,machine,etc.)toshake^5nMd楓強(qiáng)烈的震動、劇烈白以斗動

★Collocatio:nshudderwith/at畫^....而發(fā)抖

shuddertothink想..至U.就發(fā)抖

44.skilln.

①particularabilityortypeo歧粒瞬日

...duringthoseeighthoursyouwillbeusingyourprofessionalskills,(para.5)在這，'小時(shí)里，你會

使用你的專業(yè)技術(shù)。

②theabilitytodo技藝

★Collocatiaiskillin/atsth./doi做.巧

★Cognate:skillfida4j.技術(shù)好的；制作精良的；處理巧妙的skilled

期有技能的；熟練的

45.specializev.tospendmostofyourtimestudyingoneparticular超或從事);專政

Itwouldcertifythathespecializedinpharmacy,...(para.2)

這份證書證明他接受過制藥的專門訓(xùn)練，……

★Cognate:specialaj特別的；特殊的；專用的

specializedacy.專用的；專業(yè)的；專門的

specialization.特殊化；專門化

46.specimenn.

(D(hear)apersonwhoisunusualinsomewayandhasaqualityofaparticulakrind具有...特性的

人；……的典型

NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings,(pa

我當(dāng)時(shí)雖然是個(gè)初出茅廬的新教師，可我也能告訴這位一些理由。

-12-

②asmallamountofsth.thatshowswhattherest^?；^

③asignalexampleofsth.,especiallyananimal龍指前重1物的）（單一實(shí)例

★Synonym:sample羊本；小羊品

47.spiritualadjrelatedtoyourspiritratherthantoyourbody癲也'靈的

soitistrueofmankind'sspiritualresourcejA值省的精本申）資源也是如此。

★Collocatio:nspiritualwelf4i0健康yourspiritualhoi窿神家園

★Cognate:spiritn.精神spiritualitny精神性

48.store

①v.tokee貯存；貯藏；保存

Mostoftheseresources,bothtechnicalandspiritual,arestoredinbooks,（para這些資源，無論是技

術(shù)上的，還是精神上的，大部分都儲存在書本里。

②n.alargeshopthatsellsmanydifferentty該型巨前肉店（

★Collocatio:nstoresth.away/儲存;儲藏；保存

set/put（great）store時(shí)嗡看重（，重視（某事物）

49.stuckadj.

①notknowingwhattodoinaparticular^?§曲（為某事）犯愁

...becauseyou^goingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyou'motsigningchecks,（para.8）

因?yàn)槌撕炠徫镏?，你就不會知道怎么打發(fā)時(shí)間。

②unabletomoveortobemo或不了；無法移動；卡住；陷住

★Collocatio:ngetstuckin/getstuckin|i盼彼g勁地干起某事；（尤指）大吃起來

50.sufficev.tobeenouggfil^;足以

Theywillbeyourincome,andmayitalwayssuffice,（para.5）它彳門各成為彳爾

的收入來源，但愿你的收入永遠(yuǎn)夠用。

★Collocatio:nsufficetodo圓蓊攵某事

suffice（it）tosay（國窿…說；只需說...就夠了

★Cognate:sufficiencyn.足量，充足sufficienta4j.足夠的

51.unaidedadj.withouthelpfromanyoneoranyth3fc^fl勺;無夕卜援的

Noonegetstobeahumanbeingunaided.（para.10）沒有一個(gè)

人能夠不經(jīng)幫助就成為一個(gè)真正的人。

★Cognateaidn九幫助；援助

Part3TextAnalysis

I-Theme:Whatisthepurposeofuniversityeducation?University

educationhasatwo-fdldpurpose

Toprovidestudentswithtechnical&professionaltrainingToeducate

studentstobecomecivilizedhumanbeings

13-

II.Structure

PartI:Story(Pa8>.1

Thewriter'sencounterwithastudentandhisfailuretoconvincehimthatapharmaneedstoreadgreat

writers.

PartII:Argument陶圖)9

thetwefoldpurposeofuniversityeducation

III.DetailedAnalysis

PartI:

A.MainIdea

Retelltheteacher9sencounterwiththestudent.

Occasion,student9sappearance&question,whattheteacherhasinmindandwhatsays,student9s

response

Whatisthestudent9sattitudetowardsreadingShakespeareandtowardstheteacher?textualevidence.

Whatistheteacher'sattitudetowardsthestudent?Findtextualevidence.

HowdoestheteachertrytoexplaintothestudenttheimportanceofreadingliteratHowdoyou

understandtheteacherafcfferentiatirfithethreeeighthoursandhis

emphasisonthelastthirdbesidesworkandsleep?

B.SentenceParaphrase

L...IwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKaCity,(para.l)

...IhadjustcompletedmygraduatestudiesandbeganteachingattheUniversityofKans

2.Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinam南崛stoeschool,butinacollegeand

thatattheendofhiscoursehemeanttoreachforascrollthatreadBachelorofScience,(para.2)

IcouldhavetoldhimthathewasnownotgettingtrainingforajobinatechnicalschdoingaB.S.ata

university.

3.Itwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathadbeenexposed

tosomeoftheideasmankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory,(para.2TheB.S.certificatewouldbe

officialproofthattheholderhadspecialknowledgeofbutitwouldalsoprovethathe/shehad

learned/absorbedsomeprofoundideasofthepas

4.Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasn'tgoingtobearoundenoughforitto

matter,(para.3)

Ididn'tactuallysayallthistohim,becauseIdidn'tthinkhewouldstayatcollegsoitwouldn'tbeimportant

whetherornotheknewwhatuniversityeducationwasfor.

-14-

5.Youwillseetoitthatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin,thatthebulldoesn'tfence,orthatyour

clientdoesn'tgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincYouhavetotakeresponsibilityforthework

youdo.Ifyouareapharmacist,youshsurethataspirinisnotmixedwithpoisonouschemicals.Asan

engineer,youshouldthatthefenceyoudesignforinstancewillsuccessfullykeepoutbulls.Ifyoubeeyou

shouldmakesureaninnocentpersonisnotsentencedtodeathbecauseyoulacklegalknowledgeandskill

todefendyourclient.

PartII:

A.MainIdea

Howdoesthewriterpresenthisargumentiindtjiarg?

Educationisanessentialpartofthepurposeofuniversity&theconsequenceotobeeducated

Inordertobeeducated,oneneedstolearnfromthepast(example:MIT)

Booksareanimportantcarrierofthepast,andprovidepeoplewithavarietyoThemissionof

universityistoeducatethestudents.

B.SentenceParaphrase

1.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuthefinearts,for

thatlessonofman5sdevelopmentwecallhistory-thenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege,(para.9)

Ifyoudon'twanttoimproveyourmindandbroadenyourhorizonbystudyingalittlphilosophy,thefine

artsandhistory,youshouldn'tbestudyinghereatcollege.

2.Youareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-button

Neanderthal,(para.9)

Youwillsoonbecomeanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyworkmachinesandmechanical

equipment,notknowinganythingaboutliterature,philosophy,history,or

3.Ourcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidtheywentto

college;ratherthecollegewentthroughthem—withoutmakingcontact.AnumberofsuchpuEhutfcn

savagesgetcollegedegrees.Wecannothelpthat.Buteventheirdegrees,wecan'tsaythatthesepeople

havereceivedapropercollegeeducataccuratetosaythattheypassthroughcol