高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二板塊 題型三 閱讀理解 主旨大意題專練（二）-人教版高三英語(yǔ)試題

閱讀理解主旨大意題專練(二)(題干加黑的為主旨大意題)A(2016·廈門市高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢查)Thesedays,youngpeopleinsomeEnglish-speakingcountriesarespeakingastrangelanguage,especiallywhencommunicatingonsocialmedia.LookatthesewordschosenbyTheWashingtonPost：“DavidBowiedyingistotestradge”and“WhenCookiehuggedJamalitmademetotesemosh.”O(jiān)rthissentence：“BAE,letmeknowifyoustayintonight.”Whatonearthdotheymean?Well,“totes”isashortformof“totally”.Similarly,“tradge”means“tragic”and“emosh”means“emotional”.Itseemsthat,formillennials(千禧一代),typinginthisformisnotonlytime-savingbutfashionable.Asyoucansee,manymillennialslangs(俚語(yǔ))areformedbyso-called“totesing”—thesystematicabbreviation(縮寫)ofwords.Thetrendmighthavestartedwith“totally”becoming“totes”，butitnowhasspreadtomanyotherEnglishwords.Theoriginsofothermillennialslangsaremorecomplexthan“totesing”.“Bae”，forexample,hasbeenwidelyusedbyAfrican-Americansforyears.Itcanbeanexpressionofclosenesswithone'sromanticpartneror,like“sweetheart”，forsomeonewithoutromanticconnection.AfterpopsingerPharrellusedthewordinhiswork,“bae”becamemainstream.SomepeoplemightthinkmillennialslangslowerthevalueoftheEnglishlanguage,butMelbourneUniversitylinguist(語(yǔ)言學(xué)家)RoseyBillingtondoesn'tagree.Shesayswhenpeopleareabletousealanguageinacreativeway,theyshowthattheyknowthelanguageruleswellenoughtousewordsdifferently.Twootherlinguists,LaurenSpradlinandTaylorJones,sharethesameview.Thetwoanalysedhundredsofexamplesoftotes-speakanddiscoveredtotesinghascomplexroots.Itisn'tsimplyanadultversionofbabytalk,noracleverwaytominimizeyourwordcount.Rather,itisahighlyorganizedsystemthatreliesonaspeaker'smasteryofEnglishpronunciation.Itisaboutsounds,followssoundsystemofEnglishandhasstrictrules.1．Whydoyoungpeoplelikeusinge-slangs?A．Theyaretime-consuming.B．Theyareinfashion.C．Theyarecomplex.D．Theyareinorder.2．What'stheauthor'spurposeofmentioning“Bae”inParagraph5?A．Tosupportthattotesingisnobabytalk.B．Toanalysetheusageofmillennialslangs.C．Toinformpeoplehowitbecamemainstream.D．Toexplainthecomplexoriginsofmillennialslangs.3．WhichstatementmayRoseyBillingtonagreewith?A．Totesingisalooselyorganizedsystem.B．MillennialslangslowerthevalueofEnglish.C．It'ssimplyacleverwaytoreducethewordcount.D．Totes-speakrequiresagoodcommandofEnglish.4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．E-slangsCatchonAmongYouthB．LinguistsDisapproveofTotesingC．MillennialSlangsTaketheLeadD．EnglishHasGreatlyChangedB(2016·湖南省六校高三聯(lián)考)“Bynaturemenarenearlyalike,bypracticabilitytheygettobewideapart”(Confucius).Menarebynaturealikebecause,atthemostbasiclevel,humanbehaviorismotivatedbyadesiretosatisfycertainneeds:physiologicalneeds,securityneeds,love,self-esteemandself-actualization,etc.Menaresocialanimals,andtheylivetogetheringroupstosatisfytheirdesires,formingcertaintypesofbehaviors.Ourlifeprocesscanberegardedasaculturalized(受文化熏陶)processtoadjustourselvestoenvironment.Menareculturedanimals.Differentcultureshavedevelopeddifferentwaysofsatisfyingtheseneeds—differentpatternsoflife.Itisthedifferentwaysthatfrequentlypuzzleandsometimesalienate(離間)peoplewhoarelookinginfromtheoutside.Thatistheculturaldiversity.Nocultureiswhollyisolated,self-containedandunique.Thereareimportantresemblancesthatoriginateinpartfromdiffusion(thespreadofsocialinstitutionsfromonesocietytoanother)andinpartfromthefactthatallculturesarebuiltaroundbiological,psychologicalandsocialcharacteristicscommontoallmankind.Lyonsreferstosuchcommonbiologicalandculturalfeaturesasbiologicalandculturaluniversals.Thatiswhythereisagreaterorlessdegreeofculturaloverlap(重疊)betweenanytwosocietiesandwhypeoplefromdifferentcultureshavethepossibilitytocommunicatewitheachother.Culturalsimilaritiesanddifferencesarecentraltothestudyofcommunicationbetweenmembersofdifferentculturalgroupsbecausetheyaffectallinterculturalandcross-culturalcommunication.Ithasbeenclearthatlanguageisapartofcultureandinfluencedbyculture.Iflanguagesareshapedinpartbytheideasprocessingcapacitiesandsocialfactorsallpeoplehaveincommon,theyshouldhavecertainfeatureincommon—linguisticuniversals.Buttotheextentthatlanguageisshapedbyaccidentalpropertiesofthought,technologyandculture,featureswillalsodifferfromlanguagetolanguage.Forexample,theancientslackeddissection(解剖)andmedicineknowledgeandmistook“heart”asthecontrolcenterofhumanthoughtsandemotions,whichisunavoidablyreflectedinlanguages,suchasinChineseandEnglish:傷心欲絕—heartbreaking,銘記在心—tolearnbyheart,andsoon.OthersharedexpressionsinbothChineseandEnglishlike:Wallshaveears.隔墻有耳；Spendmoneylikewater.花錢如流水；Castleintheair.空中樓閣，etc.5.Fromthefirstparagraphwecansee________.A．differentwaysofsatisfyingneedsalwaysholdtogetherpeoplefromvariousculturesB．fromtheverybeginningpeoplearefundamentallydifferentfromeachotherC．behindhumanbehavioristhedesiretosatisfycertainneedsD．peoplelivetogethertogetenoughabilitytomaketheenvironmentadapttotheirneeds6．________leadtoculturaldiversityaccordingtothewriter.A．People'ssocialneedsB．People'sphysiologicalneedsC．People'swaysofsatisfyingneedsD．People'sdesirestosatisfyneeds7．Whycanpeoplefromdifferentculturescommunicatewitheachother?A．Interpretersputgreateffortintothrowingoffisolation.B．Biologicalandculturaluniversalscontributetothepossibility.C．Socialinstitutionsspreadfromonesocietytoanotherquickly.D．Biologistsandpsychologistsovercometheobstaclestopeople'scommunication.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CulturalUniversalsandCulturalDiversitiesB．BiologicalandPsychologicalInfluenceonCommunicationC．UniversalNeedsandWell-beingD．CultureandLanguageC(2016·安徽省六校高三學(xué)生素質(zhì)測(cè)試)JeromeKernisoftencalledthefatherofAmericanmusicaltheater.Kernisrememberedforthehundredsofsongshewroteformusicalplaysandmovies.Toagreatextent,heledthedevelopmentofthefirsttrulyAmericantheatermusic.JeromeKernbeganhiscareerasasongwriterintheatersinLondonandNewYorkCity.Successcamequickly.Bytheearly1920s,KernwasasuccessfulyoungcomposerforBroadwaymusicalcomedies.Heworkedwitheachsonguntilhewassatisfiedthatthemusicwasperfect.AmericanmusicalplaysatthattimewerestillusuallycopiedfromEuropeanones.Kernwantedtotrysomethingcompletelynew.Hethoughtamusicalplayshouldbearealworkofart,notjustacollectionofsongsanddances.Hethoughtsongsshouldhelpmovetheactionoftheplayalong,byshowingaperson'sfeelings.KernwantedtodoatrulyAmericanmusical,withrealAmericancharactersandrealsituations.In1927,hefoundthestoryhewanted.ItwasthebookShowBoatbyAmericanwriterEdnaFerber.ShowBoattakesplaceinthe1880sonapassengersteamboatthattravelsalongtheMississippiRiver.Theboatiscalledashowboatbecausesingersanddancersentertainthepassengers.Thecaptainoftheshowboathasadaughterwhoisasingerontheboat.Shefallsinlovewithamanwhoearnshismoneybygamblingwithcards.Thestorydealtwithsomeunusuallyseriousissuesforamusical.ItshowedthehardlivesofAfrican-AmericansintheSouth.Anditshowedmarriagebetweenpeopleofdifferentraces,whichwasagainstthelawatthattime.Althoughseriousinplaces,ShowBoatwasnotatragedy.Thepublicandcriticslovedit.ShowBoatbecamethegreatestworkofAmericanmusicaltheater.MusiccriticssaidKern'seffectonmusicaltheaterwasrevolutionary.ItwasKern'smusicthatmadetheshowagreatsuccess,whichhasbeenperformedthousandsoftimesallovertheworld.9．Thepassageaboveislikelytoappearina________.A．posterB．radioprogramC．noticeD．newsreport10．Accordingtothepassage,JeromeKerncanbedescribedasbeing________.A．a(chǎn)dventurousandsympatheticB．braveandkindC．productiveandcreativeD．hardworkinganddetermined11．ThestoryofShowBoatis________.A．seriousB．light-heartedC．ridiculousD．tragic12．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A．introduceJeromeKern'slifeandhiscareerB．explainhowJeromeKern'strulyAmericanmusicalplayswerecreatedC．tellustheunusualstoryofShowBoatD．showthedifferencesbetweenAmericanmusicalplaysandEuropeanones主旨大意題專練(二)A語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?，F(xiàn)在一些說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家的年輕人喜歡用縮略詞，尤其是在社交媒體上。有些語(yǔ)言學(xué)家認(rèn)為，年輕人對(duì)縮略詞的使用不但沒(méi)有降低英語(yǔ)的價(jià)值，反而表明他們熟練掌握了英語(yǔ)。1．選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itseemsthat,formillennials(千禧一代),typinginthisformisnotonlytime-savingbutfashionable.”可知，他們認(rèn)為這是一種時(shí)尚。故選B。2．選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theoriginsofothermillennialslangsaremorecomplexthan‘totesing’”可知，作者主要是用它來(lái)解釋千禧一代所使用的一些俚語(yǔ)的復(fù)雜起源。故選D。3．選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Shesayswhenpeople...wordsdifferently.”可知，她同意“網(wǎng)絡(luò)縮略詞要求對(duì)英語(yǔ)(的運(yùn)用規(guī)則)能熟練掌握”的說(shuō)法。故選D。4．選A標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文可知