高中英語必修1Unit6Section5講義

[技法指導(dǎo)]正反觀點對比類議論文一般會給出兩個或兩個以上的對立觀點，要求發(fā)表自己的看法或見解。1．結(jié)構(gòu)：這類作文的寫作基本模式是四段式。導(dǎo)入：第1段：Recentlywe'vehadadiscussionaboutwhetherweshould...(導(dǎo)入話題)Ouropinionsaredividedonthistopic.(觀點有分歧)正文：第2段：Mostofthestudentsareinfavorofit.(正方觀點)Herearethereasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2～3個贊成的理由)第3段：However,theothersarestronglyagainstit.(反方觀點)Theirreasonsareasfollows.Inthefirstplace...What'smore...Inaddition...列出2～3個反對的理由)結(jié)論：第4段：Personallyspeaking,theadvantagesoverweighthedisadvantages,foritwilldousmoreharmthangood,soIsupportit.(個人觀點)2．時態(tài)：此類文章多用一般現(xiàn)在時。論述一般現(xiàn)象或觀點，不能因為討論過去的內(nèi)容就用一般過去時。3．發(fā)表自己的看法或觀點時，應(yīng)緊扣主題，言簡意賅。既可以贊成正文觀點，也可以支持反方觀點，也可以有自己的看法，只要言之有理，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確即可。黃金表達(dá)，教你如何營造亮點1．常用的開頭語：①Wehaveadiscussionabout...我們對……進(jìn)行了一次討論。②Wehavehadasurveyon...我們對……開展了一次調(diào)查。2．分別論證時：①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.在這個問題上意見有分歧。②Opinionsaremainlydividedintotwogroups.有兩種主要的不同意見。③Othershavedifferentopinions.其他人有不同看法。④Sixtypercentofthestudentsarefortheidea,whilefortypercentofthestudentsthinkotherwise.有60%的學(xué)生支持這個觀點，然而有40%的學(xué)生則不這樣認(rèn)為。⑤Sixtypercentofthestudentsthinkitnecessaryto...，butfortypercentofthestudentsdon'tthinkso.60%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為……是必須的，而40%的學(xué)生則不這樣認(rèn)為。⑥Ontheonehand...Ontheotherhand，...一方面……，另一方面…….3．在對某一觀點作進(jìn)一步論證時：①What'smore，...還有就是……②Besides，...除此之外……在提出多個論據(jù)時，可用First...Second...Third...，來列舉論據(jù)。進(jìn)行相似的比較用inparison,likewise,similarly,inthesamemanner等。進(jìn)行相反的比較時用ontheotherhand,whereas,while,instead,onthecontrary,paredwith...陳述個人觀點/想法的常用句型：①Myownexperiencetellsmethat...②Inmyopinion,weshouldattachmoreimportanceto...③Asformyownideaabout...Ibelieve...④AsfarasIamconcerned,Iplanto...⑤Personally,Iprefer...⑥Inmyview,bothsidesarepartlyrightinthat...⑦Butforme,Iwouldrather...⑧Myownpointofviewisthat...⑨Inconclusion,Isupportthestatementthat...⑩Asregardstome,Itendtochoose...[寫作規(guī)范][題目要求]目前，一些諸如GG,MM,XiaMi等網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言在青少年中極為盛行，并且出現(xiàn)在家庭作業(yè)報告中，甚至全國入學(xué)考試的作文中。請你以“ShouldInternetSlangBeProhibited(禁止)？”為題，根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文，并談?wù)勀阕约旱目捶?。一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言生動、時尚，充滿幽默與智慧，使網(wǎng)上聊天更快捷另一些同學(xué)認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言缺乏思想性，沒有被大部分人理解、接受，過多使用使人不解，甚至造成誤解你的看法……注意：1.短文開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．詞數(shù)：100左右。參考詞匯：生動的vivid；智慧intelligenceShouldInternetSlangBeProhibitedAtpresent,InternetSlang,suchas“GG,MM,XiaMi”，hasbeepopularamongtheteenagers.[三步作文法]第一步：搜索詞匯1．目前，現(xiàn)在at_present2．受……歡迎be/bee_popular_among/with3．充滿……be_full_of4．使人困惑make_people_confused_5．導(dǎo)致result_in6．在某人看來in_one's_opinion7．信息時代the_Information_Age8．落后fall_behind9．只要as/so_long_as第二步：由詞造句1．這些語言有時會使人困惑，甚至導(dǎo)致誤解。①Thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,even_resulting_in_misunderstanding．②Thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,andthey_can_even_bring_about_misunderstanding．2．只要這些術(shù)語在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下正確使用就可以。①ItwillbeOKas_long_as_these_terms_are_used_correctly_in_proper_situations．②Used_correctly_in_proper_situations,_thesetermswillbeOK.第三步：連句成篇ShouldInternetSlangBeProhibitedAtpresent,InternetSlang,suchas“GG,MM,XiaMi”，hasbeepopularamongtheteenagers.TherearedifferentopinionsonInternetSlang.SomestudentsthinkInternetSlangisvivid,fashionableandfullofhumorandintelligence.Besides,itmakeschattingontheInternetquicker.However,someotherstudentsthinkInternetSlanglacksdepthofthoughtandistoosimple.Also,thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,evenresultinginmisunderstanding.Everycoinhastwosides.Inmyopinion,livingintheInformationAge,ifwedon'tknowtheInternetSlang,weseemtofallbehindthetimes.ItwillbeOKaslongasthesetermsareusedcorrectlyinpropersituations.[對應(yīng)學(xué)生課時達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練(二十四)]Ⅰ.閱讀理解Everythinghasaname.Allpeople,placesandthingshavenames.Forexample,JennyisthenameofastudentfromEngland.Englandisthenameofhercountry.Citiesandtownshavenames,too.Schoolsandofficebuildingalsohavenames.Allthingshavenames.Namesareimportant.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.InJenny'sclass,Jennymustlearnthenamesofstudentsfromallovertheworld.Thisisverydifficultbecausethenamesaredifferent.IntheUSA,mostpeoplehaveafirstname,amiddlename,andalastname.Parentschoosethefirstandmiddlenamesfortheirbaby.Therearenamesforboysandnamesforgirls.Forexample,John,Peter,TomandMikeareallnamesforboys.Elizabeth,Betty,Susan,andMaryareallnamesforgirls.Thelastnameisthefamilyname.Usuallyitisthefather'sfamilyname.Inafamily,themother,thefather,andthechildrenusuallyhavethesamelastname.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.Theycanbelongorshort,buttheyarealwaysveryimportant.語篇解讀：世界上每個東西都有名字來區(qū)別于別的東西，文中主要介紹了人名。1．Whydoeseverythinghaveaname?A．Becauseitisveryinterestingtohaveaname.B．Becauseitisveryeasytoberemembered.C．Becauseitisveryeasytobetoldfromothers.D．BecausebothBandC.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Namesareimportant.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知每個東西都有名字是為了被記住和區(qū)別于其它的。故選D。2．Itisdifficulttolearnnamesallovertheworld,because________．A．therearemanydifferentlanguagesB．thenamesindifferentcountriesaredifferentC．somenamesareveryshort,someareverylongD．therearemanynamesallovertheworld解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知世界上的名字不同，了解全世界的名字很難，故選B。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．It'sdifficulttolearnthenamesbecausetheyaredifferent.B．Thereisnodifferencebetweengirls'namesandboys'names.C．Jennydoesn'twanttolearnthenamesverywell.D．It'seasyforJennytolearnthenamesofherclassmates.解析：選A正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知了解全世界的名字很難，A正確；根據(jù)第二段“Therearenamesforboysandnamesforgirls.”可知B錯誤；根據(jù)第一段“InJenny'sclass,Jennymustlearnthenamesofstudentsfromallovertheworld.Thisisverydifficultbecausethenamesaredifferent.”可知C、D錯誤。故選A。4．Whatnamesareforgirls?A．George,Linda,Susan.B．Tom,Jill,Candy.C．Elizabeth,Betty,Mary.D．Peter,Jeff,Jack.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Elizabeth,Betty,Susan,andMaryareallnamesforgirls.”可知C正確。Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀WhenpeoplespeakabouttheChinesewomen'svolleyballteam,mostofthetimetheydon'tjustrefertoasportinggroup.1.________TheteamwonitsfourthWorldCupvictorybydefeatinghostteamJapan3－1onSept6.Thishasbeenitsfirstworldtitleinthe11yearssinceitwonattheAthensOlympicGamesin2004.Whathastheteamgonethrough,andwhathasmadeitriseagain?Onceaworldsuperpowerinwomen'svolleyball,Chinawasalmostunbeatable(不可戰(zhàn)勝的)between1981and1986.2.________Buttheretirement(退役)oftheplayerswhowoninAthensledtoaperiodofdifficulty.Thenewersdidn'tperformwellenoughandcoacheschangedtoooften.3．________ShehadledtheChinesetothe1981and1985WorldCuptitlesasaplayer.Asheadcoach,she“broughtinfreshair,usingmoreyoungplayersboldly(大膽地)”，accordingtoXinhua.Asaresult,youngplayersgotmorechancestotrainandplayforthenationalteam.Butthingsnevergoexactly(恰好)asplanned.4.________Langhadtofindreplacements(替補(bǔ))quicklyfromhertwoyearsofbuildup(積累)．Thereweremorethingstodo.Shehadtocalmdownhergirls.“It'sstilltoofartoseewhowillwin，”shetoldthem.AssistantcoachLaiYawenknewallabouttheeffortmadeby54-year-oldLang,whospentlessthanfourhourssleepingeverydayduringtheWorldCup.“Langhastostudythevideosshowingtheothercountries'players'movementsandskillseverynight，”Laitoldpaper.Herplayersfoughtjustashardasshedid.ZhuTing,20,askedtoreturntoagameafterSouthKoreatookthelead.Shehadleftbecauseofaninjury.Shesaidtheinjurywas“notabigdeal”.Onlyaftershehadhelpedtheteamwinthatgamedidshetellreporters:“Myankles(腳踝)werereallyinpain,butIhidit.”5．________“Luckfinallygaveusachancetowin.Ibelievechanceonlyfavorspreparedpeople，”LangtoldXinhua.Or,asXinhuasaid,itwasthegirls'“hardwork,unityandperseverance(堅持)”thatwonthemtheWorldCup.A．Chineseteamwasknownbymanypeopleatthattime.B．Thetermhasetomeananamazingteamspirit.C．Thoughtheteamhasmetmanyinjuries,theystillovere(克服)them.D．Aftertheteamfinishedfifthatthe2012LondonGames,LangPingtookoverasheadcoachthenextyear.E．BeforegoingtoJapan,somekeyplayerswereinjured.F．Duringthattime,theteamwontwoworldchampionships,twoWorldCups,andoneOlympics.G．The2015WorldCuptitledidn'teeasybuttheteammadeit.語篇解讀：文章講述了中國女排的體育精神和成長事跡。1．解析：選B考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“mostofthetimetheydon'tjustrefertoasportinggroup”可知大多數(shù)時候中國女排不僅代表了一個團(tuán)隊，更代表了一種體育精神，B選項“Thetermhasetomeananamazingteamspirit.”符合，故選B。2．解析：選F考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“Onceaworldsuperpowerinwomen'svolleyball,Chinawasalmostunbeatable(不可戰(zhàn)勝的)between1981and1986.”可知在這個時候中國女排是不可戰(zhàn)勝的，接下來要講述女排的獲獎史，F(xiàn)選項“Duringthattime,theteamwontwoworldchampionships,twoWorldCups,andoneOlympics.”符合，故選F。3．解析：選D考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“ShehadledtheChinesetothe1981and1985WorldCuptitleasaplayer.Asheadcoach,she‘broughtinfreshair,usingmoreyoungplayersboldly(大膽地)’”可知上一句話是介紹了一個新的主教練，D選項“Aftertheteamfinishedfifthatthe2012LondonGames,LangPingtookoverasheadcoachthenextyear.”符合，故選D。4．解析：選E考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“Langhadtofindreplacements(替補(bǔ))quicklyfromhertwoyearsofbuildup(積累)．”可知是有人受傷了所以才會去找替補(bǔ)，E選項“BeforegoingtoJapan,somekeyplayerswereinjured.”符合，故選E。5．解析：選G考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。根據(jù)“‘Luckfinallygaveusachancetowin.Ibelievechanceonlyfavorspreparedpeople’，LangtoldXinhua.”可知在困境下，團(tuán)隊仍然獲勝了，G選項“The2015WorldCuptitledidn'teeasybuttheteammadeit.”符合，故選G。Ⅲ.完形填空OneSaturdayafternoon,mydaughterAliceaskedme，“Areallpeoplethesameeveniftheyaredifferentincolor？”Ithoughtforaminute,andthenIsaid,“I'llexplain,__1__youcanjustwaituntilwemakeaquick__2__atthegrocerystore.Ihavesomething__3__toshowyou.”Atthegrocerystore,we__4___someapples—red,greenandyellowones.Backhome,ItoldAlice,“It'stimeto__5__yourquestion.”Iputoneappleofeach__6__onthetable.ThenIlookedatAlice,whohada__7__lookonherface.“Peoplearelikeapples.Theyeinall__8__colors,shapesandsizes.Onthe__9__，someoftheapplesmaynot__10__lookastheothers.”AsIwastalking,Alicewas__11__eachonecarefully.Then,Itookeachoftheapplesandpeeled(削皮)them,__12__thembackonthetable,but__13__adifferentplace.“Okay,Alice,tellmewhichiswhich.”Shesaid,“I__14__tell.Theyalllookthesamenow.”“Takeabiteof__15__.Seeifthathelpsyou__16__whichoneiswhich.”Shetook__17__，andthenahugesmilecameacrossherface.“Peopleare__18__likeapples!Theyarealldifferent,butonceyou__19__theoutside,they'reprettymuchthesameontheinside.”Shetotally__20__it.Ididn'tneedtosayordoanythingelse.語篇解讀：本文講述了作者用幾個不同的蘋果向女兒解釋了人與人之間不同的膚色問題。人們的膚色可能不同，但是人們的內(nèi)心是一樣的，沒有區(qū)別。1.A.althoughB．soC．becauseD．if解析：選Dalthough“雖然”；so“因此”；because“因此”；if“如果”。如果你能等一會，我們在雜貨店停一下，我會給你看一些有趣的事物。上下文表示條件關(guān)系，故選D項。2．A.stopB．startC．turnD．stay解析：選Astop“停止”；start“開始”；turn“轉(zhuǎn)向”；stay“停留”。本句是指我們在雜貨店前停一下，買點東西，故選A項。3．A.expressiveB．encouragingC．informativeD．interesting解析：選Dexpressive“富有意味的；表達(dá)的”；encouraging“令人鼓勵的”；informative“了解的”；interesting“有趣的”。我要去在雜貨店停一下，我會給你看一些有趣的事情，根據(jù)語境可知選D項。4．A.boughtB．countedC．sawD．collected解析：選Abuy“購買”；count“計算”；see“看到”；collect“收集”。根據(jù)下文可知我購買了一些蘋果，我用蘋果告訴孩子人與人之間的膚色問題，故選A項。5．A.checkB．mentionC．a(chǎn)nswerD．improve解析：選Ccheck“檢查”；mention“提到”；answer“回答”；improve“提高”。根據(jù)文章第一段可知女兒提出了一個問題，我用一種方法來回答女兒的這個問題，故選C項。6．A.sizeB．typeC．shapeD．class解析：選Bsize“尺寸”；type“類型”；shape“形狀”；class“班”。我每一種蘋果都拿出一個放在桌子上，故選B項。7．A.worriedB．satisfiedC．proudD．curious解析：選Dworried“擔(dān)心的”；satisfied“滿意的”；proud“驕傲的”；curious“好奇的”。女兒對于我做的事情很不了解，很好奇，故選D項。8．A.ordinaryB．normalC．differentD．regular解析：選Cordinary“普通的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”；regular“有規(guī)律的”。人們和蘋果一樣，都有不同的顏色，故選C項。9．A.outsideB．wholeC．tableD．inside解析：選Aoutside“外面”；whole“整個”；table“桌子”；inside“里面”。從外表上看有些蘋果和其他的蘋果也許有很大的差異，故選A項。10．A.stillB．evenC．onlyD．ever解析：選Bstill“仍然”；even“甚至”；only“只有”；ever“曾經(jīng)”。從外表上看有些蘋果甚至看起來和其他的不一樣，故選B項。11．A.examiningB．measuringC．drawingD．packing解析：選Aexamine“檢查”；measure“衡量”；draw“畫”；pack“打包”。當(dāng)我們在談話的時候，女兒在仔細(xì)地檢查每一個蘋果，故選A項。12．A.keepingB．placingC．pullingD．giving解析：選Bkeep“保持”；place“放”；pull“拉”；give“給”。我拿起一個蘋果削了皮，然后再放回在桌子上，但是在不同的地方，故選B項。13．A.onB．towardC．forD．in解析：選D在某個地方使用介詞in。14．A.mustn'tB．can'tC．shouldn'tD．needn't解析：選Bmustn't“禁止”；can't“不能”；shouldn't“不應(yīng)該”；needn't“不必”。本句是指女兒告訴我她無法辨認(rèn)出具體的哪一個蘋果，故用can't“不能夠”。15．A.eachoneB．eachotherC．theotherD．oneanother解析：選Aeachone“每一個”；eachother“彼此”；theother“另外一個”；oneanother“又一個”。我讓女兒每個蘋果咬一口，去辨認(rèn)具體的蘋果，故選A項16．A.admitB．considerC．decideD．believe解析：選Cadmit“承認(rèn)”；consider“考慮”；decide“決定”；believe“相信”。我讓女兒每個蘋果咬一口，來決定具體的蘋果的身份和顏色，故選C項。17．A.bigbitesB．deepbreathsC．a(chǎn)firmholdD．closelook解析：選Abigbites“一大口”；deepbreaths“深呼吸”；afirmhold“立足之地”；closelook“近觀”。根據(jù)上文的“Takeabite”，可知女兒咬了蘋果，故選A項。18．A.justB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．merelyD．seldom解析：選Ajust“僅僅”；always“一直”；merely“只不過”；seldom“很少”。本句表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，人就像蘋果一樣，故選A項。19．A.putawayB．getdownC．handoutD．takeoff解析：選Dputaway“收拾”；getdown“放下”；handout“分發(fā)”；takeoff“脫下”。人和蘋果一樣，但是當(dāng)人們脫掉外衣的時候，內(nèi)在的都是一樣的，沒有任何區(qū)別，這和膚色是沒有關(guān)系的，故選D項。20．A.madeB．tookC．gotD．did解析：選Cmake“使”；take“帶走”；get“得到”；do“做”。getit“理解，明白了”。指我的女兒明白了我要向她傳達(dá)的思想，故選C項。Ⅳ.語法填空Mrs.Wilsoninvitedsomefriendstolunch.Shewaseagertotryanewwayof1.________(cook)afishdish,andshewasverypleased2.________herselfwhenthedishwasready.Sheputitnearthewindow3.________(cool)itforafewminutesbecausethedishwashot.Whenshecamebackforit,shewas4.________(surprise)tofindtheneighbor'scatb