廣東省陽江市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題

機密★啟用前2023-2024學年度第一學期高二期末測試英語試題本試卷共9頁。考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項:1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項ATopScientificBreakthroughsin2023Thepaceofinnovationneverslows,andtheimpactofthebreakthroughswillredefinethewaywelive,workandconnectwiththeworld.ANewEraforSpaceExplorationSpaceexplorationisoneofthecoremissionsinmanycountries.Recently,thenewestmissiontothemoonwaslaunchedasNASA’sArtemisProgram,whichwouldpavethewayforafuturemissiontoMars.Thisneweraofspaceexplorationwilldrivetechnologicaladvancementsinfieldsbeyondastronauticsandstimulateprogressinreal-worldapplicationslikematerials,foodscience,andmodernindustry.AMilestoneinAIPredictionsFordecades,thescientificcommunityhaschasedagreaterunderstandingofrelationshipsbetweenproteinfunctionsand3Dstructures.InJuly2023,DeepMindrevealedthatthefolded3Dstructureofaproteinmolecule(分子),whichreducedthenumberofhumanproteinswithunknownstructuraldatafrom4,800tojust29.WhiletherewillalwaysbechallengeswithAI,theabilitytopredictproteinstructuresinbiologyhasimplicationsacrossalllifesciences.GreenerFertilizerProductionEveryyear,billionsofpeopledependonfertilizersfortheongoingproductionoffood,andreducingthecarbonfootprintandexpensesinfertilizerproductionwouldreshapetheimpactagriculturehasonemissions.Toreduceenergyrequirements,researchersfromTokyoTechhavedevelopedanoble-metal-freecatalyst(催化劑),whichismuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsafertotheagriculturalproduces.Supercomputer—ExascaleExascalecomputers,whichcanperformamind-bogglingquintillion(1018)mathematicaloperationspersecond,finallyarrivedin2023.They’vealreadyhelpedrefineweatherforecastsanddesignnewmaterials,andnewoneswillbecomingonlinesoon.Theworld’smostpowerfulsupercomputers,operatingatthefarfrontierofspeedknownastheexascale,havenowbeguntoboom.Theseresultsfromexascalemachinescomingonlineinthenextfewyearspromisetoopenanewwindowintomaterials,climatescience,andmedicine.Tostayaheadofemergingtrendsnewdiscoveriesanduniqueperspectives,weinviteyoutosubscribetoCASInsights!1.WhatdotheSpaceExplorationandFertilizerProductionhaveincommon?A.Theytakealotoftime. B.Theymakeinfluenceonthefood.CTheyneedgovernmentcooperation. D.Theycostabigsumofmoneytomaintain.2.Whichaspecthasacloseconnectionwithbiology?A.ANewEraforSpaceExploration. B.AMilestoneinAIPredictions.C.GreenerFertilizerProduction. D.Supercomputers—Exascale.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Amagazine. D.Asciencefiction.BOncearichandcleverboyhadpracticallyeverythingaboycouldwant,sohewasnotinterestedinmosttoys.Becausehecouldn’tgetaveryoldmirror,heconvincedhisparentstobuyitfromamysteriousoldman.Whenthemirrorarrivedhome,theboywenttoseehisreflectioninit.Hisfacelookedverysadindeed.Hetriedsmilingandmakingfunnyfaces,buthisreflectioncontinuedwithitssadexpression.“Whataterriblemirror!It’sthefirsttimeI’veseenamirrorthatdidn’tworkproperly!”theboyjumpedviolently.Thatsameafternoonhewentintothestreettoplayandboughtafewtoys,butonhiswaytotheparkhesawalittlegirlwhowascryingherheartout.Thegirlwascryingsomuchandlookedsolonelythattherichboywentovertohelpherandtoseewhathadhappened.Thelittlegirltoldhimthatshehadlostherparents.Togetherthetwosetoffinsearchofthegirl’sparents.Asthelittlegirlwouldn’tstopcrying,theboyspenthismoneybuyinghersweetstocheerherup.Finally,aftermuchwalking,theyfoundherparentswhoweremuchworriedandwerelookingforhereverywhere.Therichboysaidgoodbyetothem.Asitwasgettinglate,hedecidedtoheadforhome,withoutbeingabletoplay.Athome,hewenttohisroom,andnoticedashininglightinthecorner,thesamecornerhehadleftthemirrorin.Seeingthis,hewentovertothemirror,andrealizedthatthelightwascomingfromhisownbody,soradiant(閃亮的)withhappinesshehadbecome.Andsoheunderstoodthemysteryofthatmirror,theonlymirrorwhichcouldfaithfullyreflectthetruejoyofitsowner.Herealizeditwastrue.Hefeltveryhappyathavinghelpedthatlittlegirl.Andsincethen,eachmorningwhenhelookedinthatmirrorandfailedtoseeaspecialshine,heknewwhathehadtodotobringitback.4.Howdidtheboyfeelwhenhefirstlookedintothemirror?A.Embarrassed.B.Angry.C.Worried.D.Satisfied.5.Whywasthelittlegirlcryingsohard?A.Shecouldn’tfindherparents.B.Shecouldn’tgetthemysteriousmirror.C.Herparentscouldn’tbuytoysforher.D.Theboyrefusedtogivehistoystoher.6.Whatcouldtheboyseeinthemirrorafterhewentbackfromthepark?A.Ashiningtoy.B.Abrokenmirror.C.Aradiantlight.D.Thelovelygirl.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Totellusahorriblestory.B.Tointroducetousastrangemirror.CTowarnusnottobeselfish.D.Toencourageustohelpothers.CAsaresultoftrade,travelandmigration,differentcuisineshavespreadacrosstheworld.Manyrecipes,chefsandrestaurantstrytoannouncethattheirfoodofacountryorregionisthemostauthentic(正宗的).Butisthisagoodthing?Peoplecareaboutauthenticitybecausefoodtraditionsarecloselylinkedtoidentity,particularlyformigrantcommunities.Sociologistandprofessoroffoodstudies,KrishnenduRay,explainsthathomecookingisoftenthelastwaythatcommunitiescanshowtheiridentity.BritishcelebritychefJamieOliverwasaccusedoftryingtotakeadvantageofpositivefeelingsaboutJamaica.HisreadymealproducthadaJamaicanname,butwasunlikerealJamaicancooking.However,foodconsultantSaraKayaskswhetherthereareproblemswiththeideaofauthenticity.Shestressesthattheseideasoftencomefromtheexpectationsthatmajoritycultureshaveaboutminorityculturesandtheirfood.Thesecanberestricting—restauranteurshavecomplainedthatpeopleexpectAsianfoodtobecheaperthanthatfromEuropeancultures.Expectationscanalsogivepeopleafalseideaofwhatisauthentic.Whilelargecitiesarefullofeateriesrepresentingdifferentcountries—China,India,Italy,Mexicoandmore—theselabelscanoversimplifytherealityoffoodfromthesecountries.StephanieElizondoGreistissurprisedbytherecognitionthatfoodsinMexicoaremoreauthenticthanwhatsheategrowingupasaMexican-AmericaninTexas,becauseshefeelsthatbothareauthenticexamplesofMexicanfood.AmorecontroversialviewofauthenticitywasstatedbyAmericanChefAndrewZimmern,whoclaimedthathecouldbringinChinesedishesinamoreauthenticwaythanexistingrestaurants—manyofwhichareownedbyChinese-Americans.WriterandfoodpodcasterRuthTampointsoutthatwhiletheserestaurantsalteredtheirmenustosuitlocaltastes,sodoesZimmern.So,whilefoodandidentityarecloselylinked,andfailuretorespectauthenticitycancauseoffence,couldtherebeproblemswiththewholeideaofauthenticity?8.Whichofthefollowingfactorscausespeopletocareaboutauthenticity?A.Position. B.Decoration. C.Taste. D.Price.9.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Eateriesindifferentcountriescontributetotheauthenticproblem.B.Expectationaboutauthenticitymaycauseproblems.C.AsianfoodischeaperthanEuropeanfood.D.YoucanenjoythetraditionaltasteofMexicanfoodbothinMexicoandAmerica.10.WhichstatementmightStephanieElizondoGreistagreewith?A.Therecanbeonlyoneauthentictasteinacountry.B.WhatsheeatsinTexasmeansnothingtoher.C.Theregionalspecialitiesshouldbethesameinacountry.D.Everypersoncanhavehisorherownrecognitionofauthenticity.11.Inwhichcolumnofthenewspapercanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Food&Culture B.Science&TechnologyC.Sports&Health D.Literature&ArtDWhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather’sfarm.Attheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenaps,butyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.Finally,thevillagewherehelivedgavehimalittlemoneytoParistostudyart.WhenMilletreachedParis,hehadatoughtime.Fortunately,whenhewasalmoststarving,someoneboughtoneofhispeasantpaintings,whichenabledhisfamilytoleaveforBarbizon.Millet’spicturesofpeasantsatworkwerepaintedinauniqueway.Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.Soastonishinglyaccuratewashismemorythathecouldpaintathomewithoutmodelsandgetallthemovementsofhisfiguresright.Whenhedidneedafiguretogoby,hewouldaskhiswifetoposeforhim.Oneofhisnotedartworksiscalled“TheSower”,whichshowsamanseeding.Hereachesintohisbagforseedandthenswingsbackwardtoscattertheseed,andwitheachswingofhishandthesowerstridesforward.InMillet’spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman’sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.Anothermasterpieceiscalled“TheGleaners”.Agleanerissomeonepickinguptheleftoverinthefieldafterthewheatharvest.WhenfarmersnearBarbizonareextremelybadly-off,eventhelittlethegleanerscanfindisahelp.YoucanseefromMillet’spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.12.WhatdoweknowaboutMillet?A.Hiswifesupportedhimtobeapainter. B.Hewaskeenonpaintingasakid.C.HespenthiswholelifeinBarbizon. D.HewasbroughtupinParis.13.Howdidhepaintthelaboringfarmers?A.Askingmodelsforhelp. B.Imaginingfiguresinthefield.C.Rememberingwhathehadobserved D.Recallingthedaysonhisfather’sfarm.14.WhatdoMillet’sworksconvey?A.Thefarmers’hardships. B.Thesceneoffarming.C.Hisloveforthevillage. D.Hisanxietyaboutthefarmers.15.Whichisthetextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Ashort-storycollection B.ApersonaldiaryC.Amagazineofart D.Asciencemagazine閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)DoLobsters(龍蝦)FeelPain?Thetraditionalmethodforcookingalobster—boilingitalive—raisesthequestionofwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.____16____Lobstersgobadveryquicklyaftertheydie,andeatingadeadlobsterincreasestheriskofillnessandreducesthequalityofitsflavor.However,iflobstersarecapableoffeelingpain,themethodandothers,suchasstoringthelivelobsteronice,raisemoralquestionsforchefsandlobstereatersalike.____17____Lobstershaveaperipheralsystemlikehumans,butinsteadofasinglebrain,theypossessnervecluster(神經(jīng)簇).Becauseofthisdifference,someresearchersarguelobstersaretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎動物)tofeelpain.Nonetheless,lobstersdosatisfyallofthestandardforapainresponse.Lobstersguardtheirinjuries,learntoavoiddangeroussituations,respondtoanesthetics,andarebelievedtopossesssomelevelofconsciousness.____18____Thereisgrowingevidencethatlobstersmayfeelpain.____19____Currently,boilinglobstersaliveisillegalinSwitzerland,NewZealand,andtheItaliancityReggioEmilia.ThemosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutesalobster,makingitunconsciousinlessthanhalfasecondorkillingitin5to10seconds.Andthen,itcanbecutapartorboiled.Unfortunately,theCrustaStunistooexpensiveformostrestaurantsandpeopletoafford.Somerestaurantsplacealobsterinaplasticbagandplaceitinthefreezerforacoupleofhours,duringwhichtimeitlosesconsciousnessanddies.____20____Butitisprobablythemosthumaneoptionforkillingalobsterbeforecookingandeatingit.A.Thissolutionisnotideal.B.Soitisnowbecomingillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemonice.C.Lobstersarepopularfoodinmanycountries.D.Somostscientistsbelievethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.E.Scientistsdisagreeoverwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.F.Manyrestaurantschoosemorehumanemethodstocookit.G.Thiscookingwayisusedtoimprovehumans’diningexperience.第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IwasgettingmoreexcitedaswegotoffthetrainatbeautifulGrandCentralStation.AftertourattheMuseumofModernArt,we___21___RadioCityMusicHallandtheChristmastreeatRockefellerCenter.Inoneofthe___22___inthearea,IfoundatinyboxedsetofPeterRabbitbooks,perfectformy___23___.WasthereanythinglikeChristmasinNewYork?Havingexperiencedanexcitingandtiringtour,wecalleda___24___backtoGrandCentralStation.OnthewayhomeIrealizedthatmyhandbagwasgone--lostor___25___.Ihadnoidea.Allthemagicofthisspecialday___26___.Iglumly(悶悶不樂地)picturedajam-packedDepartmentofMotorVehiclesandallthephonecallsthatI’dhavetomaketogetmy___27___cardsreplacedwithnewones.AndI’dnever___28___allthosepreciousphotosofmydaughters.ThedaysslippedbywhileIgotridestocollegeand___29___goingtotheDMV(車管所)atsuchabusytimeofyear.ThenIgotanunexpected____30____,aboxwiththereturnaddressofRadioCityMusicHall.____31____,Iopeneditandshoutedinajoyful____32____.Therewasmyoldhandbag,witheverything____33____goodinside—license,cardsandphotos—andonethingthathadn’tbeenthere____34____,ahandwrittennote,saying,“Ifoundthishandbaglyingundertheseatofmytaxiby____35____.MerryChristmas!”21.A.reached B.entered C.visited D.noticed22.A.shops B.factories C.schools D.hospitals23.A.sons B.daughters C.cousins D.parents24.A.taxi B.car C.carriage D.bus25.A.covered B.hidden C.forgotten D.stolen26.A.arrived B.disappeared C.worked D.disturbed27.A.dirty B.useful C.old D.small28.A.shown B.encountered C.packed D.replaced29.A.putoff B.broughtabout C.reliedon D.cameround30.A.fax B.document C.reward D.delivery31.A.Disappointed B.Shocked C.Confused D.Frightened32.A.voice B.word C.speed D.moment33.A.gradually B.completely C.frequently D.originally34A.though B.yet C.ever D.before35.A.comparison B.accident C.design D.nature第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Emojisarewidelyusedinourdailylivesandhavebecome___36___importantwayofcommunication.Thefirstemojiswerecreatedin1999byJapanesedesignerShigetakaKurita,___37___workedonamobileInternetplatform___38___(call)i-mode.Kuritaattemptedtodevelopasimplewayforpeople___39___(express)emotionsinshorttextmessages.Asemojisgained___40___(popular),theyfacedasignificanttechnicalhurdle(障礙):earlyemojiscouldnot___41___(send)acrossdifferentmobileplatforms,sincetherewasnostandardizedencoding(編碼).Thisissuewasresolvedin2010bytheUnicodeConsortium,anorganizationresponsible___42___maintainingastandardizedencodingoftextandsymbolsacrossplatforms.Thisallowedforcross-platformcommunicationandcontinuedexpansioninemojiusageworldwide.Given___43___(they)originsinJapan,manyearlyemojicharacterswerereflectiveofJapaneseculture.Asthey’vespread___44___(global),newcharactershavebeenaddedtoaccountforculturaldifferencesandprovideamoreuniversalmeansofcommunication.Usersmustalsoconsiderculturalsensitivitieswhen____45____(communicate)viaemojis,ascertainsymbolscanhavehugelydifferentmeaningsacrossdifferentcultures.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假如你是李華，校學生會主席，高二年級組織主題為“用英語講好中國故事”演講比賽，請你邀請你校外教Mr.Green充當評委，請你給他寫一封邀請信，內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽時間、地點；2.評委的工作要求。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Formanyyears,myonlycompanionwasourdog,Sno.AsmallbutmightyBichonFrise,ourdogmayhavelookedordinary,buthewassmart,creative,andalwaysreadyforicecreamandrollingatmyrequest.WhileIworked,heslept,wakingtochasetheredcatfromnextdoor,greetadeliveryperson,orsitinthesunshine.Wedidn’tagreeoneverything,especiallywhentogetupandwhentogotobed.HesighedwithboredomwhenaprojectwasdueandIdidn’thavetimetoplay.Hedidn’tunderstandweekends,deadlines,andvisitorswholefthim.However,webothagreedonwalking.Atleastonceaweek,wetookalongwalktothebeach.Forhim,thereweretallgrassesandexcitingsmells.Forme,therewereotherdogwalkersand