2024屆山東省臨沂市高三下學期第二次高考模擬考試英語試題含答案

2024屆山東省臨沂市高三下學期第二次高考模擬考試英語試題2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）英語2024.5本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r100分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。APetHotelsWheretoBoardYourPetDuringtheHoliday?Hereareafewcomfortablepethotelsforyou.SearchforPetHotelsinourapptofindtheselistingsonamapthathavespacesavailablefortheupcomingholidays.Remembertoshowyourvaccinationrecordsincasepetsarerejected.B&MpetHotelPriceperday:Acat,15dollars.Dogboardingrooms,from28to68dollars.Booking:ContactGoldenChenviacallorWeChat(GoldenChen68)Animalsallowed:Alsowelcomesrabbits,turtles,guineapigsandmore.Services:Dogtraining,andfourdailywalksfordogs.Someone’sPetPriceperday:Adog,from23to60dollarsaccordingtosize.Itis18dollarspercat,withanadditionalchargeof10dollarsforeachadditionalcat.Booking:Cal18917471594.Animalsallowed:Bothcatsanddogsarewelcome.Services:washing,groomingandpetbeauty.PetBambooMansionPriceperday:Acat,20dollars.Fordogs,56dollars.Booking:CalrcontactBuddyDogviaWeChat.Animals-allowed:Accommodatebothcatsanddogs.Services:Fordogs,therearethreewalksperday,andswimmingfacilities.Offera20-40%discountforreservingthem,inadvance.CozypetTownPriceperday:Acat,14dollars.Adog,rangingfrom20to34dollarsdependingonsize.Booking:AddtheowneronWeChat(CozyPetTown)Animalsallowed:OnlycatsanddogsServices:Swimming,training,grooming.1.Whichhoteloffersthelowestpriceforthreecatsperday?A.B&MPetHotel. B.Someone’sPet.C.PetBambooMansion. D.CozyPetTown.2.WhatisspecialaboutPetBambooMansion?A.ItrequirescontactviacallandWeChat.B.Ithasvariousroomsfordogsbasedonsize.C.Itoffersdogwalkingandswimmingfacilities.D.Itprovidesapreferentialpriceforearlybooking.3.WhatdopetownersdotobookaroomatCozyPetTown?A.Calltheownerdirectly. B.Visitthehotelinperson.C.ContacttheownerviaWeChat. D.BookthroughthePetHotelsapp.BBillBryson’sphenomenallypopularbooksareagreatsuccessofamateurenthusiasmoverscholarlyexpertise.InthehighlyreviewedShakespeare(2007),heracedusthroughtheplaywright’slifeandworksin222pages;AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything(2003)washis624analysisof“everythingthathashappenedfromtheBigBangtotheriseofcivilisation”—anditremainsthebest-sellingsciencebookofthe21stcenturysofar.CanhemakeitagainwithAReallyShortJourneyThroughtheBody,whichpromisesusa“headtotoe”tourin138pages?Inhisbooksforadultreaders,Bryson’ssuccesshaslaininanabilitytoturnvast,complexsubjectsintoaneasyandpleasantnarrative,filledwithtinyfactsandoddstories.Hislatestbook,whichfollowshisadulttitleTheBody(2020),isaimedatchildrenasyoungaseight,forwhomthisprovenwritingstyleworkswell.“Nodoubtaboutit,thehumanbodyisatrulyremarkablething,”Brysonwrites,andit’stheremarkablefactsthatinteresthimthemost.Didyouknowthatyoublink14,000timesaday?Orthatittakessevenbillionbillionbillionatomstomakeyou?AndthatifyouformedallyourDNAintoasingleline,itwouldreach10billionmilesacrossthesolarsystem?Freshdoctorsmightfindsomeoftheentriesfrustratinglybrief.Thetongue,forexample,receivesonlyaparagraph,while,achapter,entitled‘PooandFarts’,isrelativelydetailed:“Inyourlife,you’llprobablypootheweightof5carsbutyou’llhaveeatentheweightof60.Sothat’snotaterribleresult.”Biologybookscanbeheavyweather;butBryson’sskill,asever,istoturnthestoryofthehumanbodyintoathoroughlydigestibleread.4.WhatdoBryson’slatestbookandTheBody(2020)haveincommon?A.Theyareeasytoread. B.Theyarebothaboutphysics.C.Theyareintendedforadults. D.Theyarebothbest-sellingbooks.5.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A.Toanalyzethestructureofthebook.B.Toillustratetheattractionofthebook.C.Toshowthescientificvalueofthebook.D.Todisplaythemaincontentsofthebook.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“heavyweather”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Packedwithfacts. B.Weather-related.C.Hardtounderstand. D.Popularandreadable.7.Whatisthetext?A.Anintroductiontoabook. B.Anessayonbiology.C.Anewsreportonscience. D.Abiographyofawriter.CStrategicallyaddingweakpointsalongmicroscopicchainscalledpolymers(高分子聚合物)actuallymakesthemhardertotear,researchersreportintheJune23Science.Polymersareusedincartires,andthereforethefindingscouldhelpreduceplasticpollutionastiresweardownovertime.Whentiresrubagainsttheroad,theydropmicroplasticsofrubberandplasticpolymers,whichpollutewaterwaysandair.Everyyear,tiresreleaseanestimated6millionmetrictonsofthesemicroplasticsintoenvironment.Strongerpolymersthatbreakapartlesseasilycouldlimittheamountofparticlesshedannually.Tomakesuchtoughmaterials,StephenCraig,achemistatDukeUniversity,andcolleaguesaddedmoleculescalledcross-linkerstothepolymers.Thesecross-linkersconnectedthesepolymerchainstotheirmanyneighbors,andtheywerespecificallydesignedtobreakaparteasily.Atthemicroscopicscale,thepolymersactlikeatangle(亂團)ofspaghettiwiththecross-linkersholdingthemalltogetherandhelpingthemkeeptheirshape,saysCraig’scollaboratorShuWang,achemistatMIT.Whentheteamstretchedthepolymerspaghetti,theindividualcross-linkersbrokeeasily,asexpected.Butthelargertanglematerialrequiredmoreforcetobreakthantheyexpected.Thesecrettotheincreasedtoughnessliesinthepaththetearhastotake,Craigsays.Theteargoesthroughtheeasy-to-breakcross-linkersratherthanthroughthetougherpolymerchains.Eachbrokenconnectionfollowsthepathofleastresistancebutavoidingthelongpolymerchainsmeansbreakingmanycross-linkers,whichrequiresmorestretchingforceoverall.Thisisn’tthefirsttimeresearchershaveusedweakconnectorstomakepolymersstronger.Butunlikeinsimilarmaterials,theincreasedtoughnessdoesn’tcomeattheexpenseofotherbeneficialpropertieslikestiffness(風度).Craigsayshehopesthefindingswillhelpextendthelifetimesofcartiresandplastics,potentiallylimitingannualmicroplasticpollution.8.Whatbenefitdoesthenewmaterialbring?A.Itmeetstheroadstandard. B.Itweakensplasticpolymers.C.Itreleaseslessmicroplastics. D.Itreducesthecostofcartires.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthetanglematerial?A.Itfollowsthepatternofspaghetti. B.Itisdesignedtofallaparteasily.C.Thepolymershelpkeepitsshape. D.Thelargertangleishardertobreak.10.Whatistheprimaryfactorthatcontributestotheincreasedtoughness?A.Theweaknessofthecross-linker.B.Thestrengthofthepolymerchains.C.Thenumberofthecross-linkersused.D.Thepaththeteartakesthroughthematerial.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefinding?A.Itinitiallyusesweakconnectors. B.Itsacrificesstiffnessfortoughness.C.Itlengthensthelifespanofcartires. D.Itremovesannualmicroplasticpollution.DEverfeeldisconnectedduringastressfulevent?Thatcouldbeyourbrainprotectingyou.Duringtraumatic(痛苦的)situations,peoplemightexperienceanunexpectedwaveofemotionalindifferenceorfeellikethey’veseparatedfromrealityandarehavinganout-of-bodyexperience.Thesesymptomsofdisconnectdescribedissociation,adefensemechanismthatseparatesthreateningfeelingsandideasfromtherestofsomeone’smind.Butwhydoourmindssometimesdissociatewhenwe’reexperiencingstressfulevents?Typically,thesympatheticnervoussystem,whichisresponsibleforour“fightorflight”response,activateswhenapersonisinupcomingphysicaldanger.Mammals,includinghumans,evolvedtohavethisresponse,asitpushesthemtosurvivebyfightingorescapingfromdanger.Dissociationisanotherwaythenervoussystemisreadytorespondtotraumawhenfightorflightappearstobetoodangerousorimpossible.Dissociationcanprotectsomeoneinthemomentsothattheyarementallyseparatedfromasituationcausingphysicalpain,emotionalpainorboth.Oftentimes,victimsofabusereportdissociationduringtheeventorhavingfoggymemoriesofaneventafterthefactduetodissociation.Nevertheless,problemscanariseifpeoplecontinuetodissociateevenoncethey’reseparatedfromtheintensetrauma,asopposedtorelyingonothercopingmechanisms,forexample,helpfromaprofessional.Manypeoplewhocontinuetodissociateoftenstrugglewithdailystress,likemeetingworkdeadlinesorspeakingwithpeers.Manyfeeldisconnectedintheirrelationshipsandmayfindthemselvesunconcentratedduringwhatusedtobeusualinteractionsortasks.Butthegoalofaddressinglong-termdissociationisn’ttodoawaywithit.Afterall,itcanbeausefulstrategytohelpsurviveadangeroussituation.Butmemoriesofthetraumaticeventareoftendisruptiveandpainful,sohavingsomedistancefromthatcouldmeanabetterqualityoflifeafterthetrauma.12.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Itdefineswhatdissociationis.B.Itemphasizesthevalueofdissociation.C.Itlistsdifferentsymptomsofdisconnect.D.Itexplainswhyweexperiencestressfulevents.13.Howdoesdissociationworkonvictimsofabuse?A.Byerasingtheirmemories.B.Bygettingridoftheiremotionalpain.C.Byprotectingvictimsfromphysicalpain.D.Bydistancingthevictimsmentallyfromthereality.14.Whatmighthappenifpeoplecontinuetodissociate?A.Failingtofocusontasks. B.Meetingworkdeadlines.C.Havingabetterqualityoflife. D.Relyingonothercopingmechanisms.15.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Traumaticeventsareavoidable.B.Dissociationneedstobehandledproperly.C.People’swell-beingisbasedonthedistance.D.There’reenoughcopingstrategiesfortraumas.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Wakingupatthecrackofdawnandgoingforarunmightfeelawfulwhenyoustarttryingtomakeitahabit.Weavingasignificantnewactivitysuchasthisintoyourregularroutineobviouslytakesdeterminationandtime.16Onepopularideasuggeststhatittakes21daystosolidifyahabit.Peopletendtofeelextramotivatedtostartanewhabitorkickanoldone.17YeteveryJanuary21veryfewpeoplecanboastthattheyhavekepttheirresolutions.Everyonehasauniquehabit-buildingtimeline.18Expertssuggestvariousindividualizedwaystopracticefrequently,whicheventuallyturnataskintoanunconscioushabit.19Teachingyourselfacompletelynewskillorprocessobviouslytakeslongerthanrememberingtodrinkmorewaterinthemorning.A2015studyfoundthatnewgym-goershadtoexerciseatleastfourtimesaweekforsixweeksinordertodevelopanexercisehabit.Theresultsshowedthatcreatingahandwashinghabittookafewweeks.20Anyway,handwashingislesscomplexandoffersmoreopportunitiestopractice.Theresearchersalsosuggestedthathabitformationdependsontheeffortthatapersonputsintopracticinganactivityandonthepresenceofenvironmentalcuesthatwouldremindthemtocarryoutthebehavior.A.Thetypeofactivityisalsoafactor.B.Thestrategiesofactivityimpacttheway.C.Peoplewanttoformahabitofexercisingregularly.D.Buthowmuchtimeisreallyneededtomakethathabitstick?E.ItmightsoundeasilyreachabletomakearesolutiononNewYear’sDay.F.Bycomparison,ittookhalfayearforpeopletodevelopanexercisehabit.G.Howeverlongitisforanyindividual,repetitionisthekeytomakingitwork.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Imaginesuddenlywakingupatmidnight,21forair,heartpounding,feelingtenseandexperiencingthisnightafternight.The22ofthelackofsleepwasthe23needtoliedownandfallasleepfor2-3hours.Thiswasmyexperiencethroughoutthesummerof2021.Iguessitmayhavebeeninpartthe24thepandemichadonmymentalhealthaswellasotherworries.Duringthedaylighthours,I25myselfinvariouswaysbutatnightduringsleepmyfearand26wouldcometothesurface.I27Ineededtofindwaystodealwithmyworries.Aftermuch28,Ibegantoseektheassistanceofmedicine,whichwasatoughdecisiontomake.Butit29well.Imadesuretowalkinnatureasmuchaspossibleandcontinuedmyyogapractice.Slowly,Ifoundmywaybacktomyself.However,life30anothercurveballintomylife.InDecember2023,thosenighttimefeelingsthat31meflowedintomydaysagain.Iturnedtofriendsandfamily,whoencouragedmetoseekprofessionalhelp.I32toatherapistspecializedinthisfield,andtogether,weanalyzedtheproblemsandappliedtherelated33tocopingwiththem.Whiletheprocessdidn’tgo34,mysymptomsgraduallydisappearedwithmyeffortsatlast.Inconclusion,thisiswhatIwouldliketosay—whenintrouble,reachoutforhelp,talktofamilyandfriends,yourdoctororacounsellor.Taketimetotakecareofyourself,youareworththe35.21.A.struggling B.searching C.begging D.waiting22.A.cause B.result C.price D.condition23.A.anxious B.practical C.temporary D.urgent24.A.pressure B.emphasis C.effect D.limit25.A.found B.displayed C.occupied D.enjoyed26.A.concern B.surprise C.puzzle D.guilt27.A.suggested B.recognized C.claimed D.guaranteed28.A.complaint B.debate C.preparation D.resistance29.A.went B.worked C.behaved D.reacted30.A.slid B.threw C.rolled D.sank31.A.ignored B.ensured C.robbed D.disturbed32.A.leftout B.pointedout C.reachedout D.passedout33.A.approaches B.disciplines C.assumptions D.patterns34.A.permanently B.potentially C.smoothly D.thoroughly35.A.passion B.freedom C.strength D.effort第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TherearemanyfolkstoriesinChina.Amoregenerally36(accept)legendgoesthathumanswerecreatedbyagoddessnamedNüwa,37hadahumanheadbutthebodyofasnake.Asshetraveled38earth,Nüwabegantofeellonely.Soshetooksomeyellowearth,39(mix)itwithwaterandformedahuman.Thisnewpersonimmediatelybegandancingaboutandshoutingin40(happy).Nüwawaspleasedsoshecontinuedtoformotherpeople41theworldwasfullofhumans.Later,GongGong,thegodofwater,andZhuRong,thegodoffire,hadagreatfight,42(create)amessintheheavensandontheearth.Intheend,GongGonglost.Hewassoangrythathehithishead43BuzhouMountain,whichwasholdingupthesky,andthemountainfell.Astheskybegantofall,alltheplanetsandthestarsstartedtomovetothenorthwest,leavingaholeinthesky.Worriedthatherhumanswouldbekilled,Nuwatookstonesoffivedifferentcolors,meltedthemandthenusedthemtocoveruptheholeinthesky.44(keep)theskyfromfalling,sheputaturtle’slegateachcornertoholditup.Inthisway,humans45(save).第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是李華，請你寫一篇短文向校英文報LaborandHealth欄目投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.一次難忘的家務勞動經(jīng)歷；2.你的收獲和感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。AMemorableHouseworkExperience___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Insecondgrade,whileotherkidsplayedoutside,Istayedbehindatmydeskandcreatedbooksfromconstructionpaper.Usingthelimitedvocabularyofaneight-year-old,Iwrotestoriesanddreamedofonedaybecominganauthor.Mysecond-gradeteacherurgedmyparentstonurture(培養(yǎng))thisdesire,buttheydidn’ttakemydreamseriously.Throughadulthood,thedesiretowriteremained.Thedreamneverdiedbutthereweremorecertainwaystogenerateincome,soIwascontroledindifferentdirections.NoneofthejobsIheldaffordedmetheopportunitytowrite,andraisingtwodaughtersgavemelittlefreetimetopursuebecominganauthor.However,Iheldontothedreamthathadflickered(閃爍)inmeasachild.Attheageoffifty-eight,Icontinuedtomanagetheofficeofmyhusband’sconstructioncompany,butIwaslookingforsomethingthatwouldfillthevoid(空虛感)ofournowemptynest.Writingstoriesandsharingthemonsocialmediafilledsomeofthatvoid,andthestoriesgotquiteafewlikes,butitnevercrossedmymindasIapproachedmysenioryearsthatwritingcouldbeacareerforme.Oneday,Imetafriendfromhighschoolwhowasalsomyfriendonsocialmedia.Wehadn’tseeneachotherinseveralyears,soIwalkedovertogreether.Anticipatingthatherfirstwordswouldconsistofhowlongithadbeensincewe’dseeneachother,Iwasshockedatwhatshespokeout.“Youwanttowrite.Youneedtowrite.”ShehadbeenreadingthestoriesIsharedonsocialmediaandhadalwayscommentedwithencouragingwords.Butnoonehadeverspokenthesewordstome.Ihadneverevenspokenthesewordsoutloudtomyself.Thosesimplewordssheutteredlitaflamethathadonlybeenaflickerforalongtime.Deepinside,IknewIstillwantedtobeanauthor.Iwantedtofollowmyfriend’sadvice.Iwantedtowrite.Ineededtowrite.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Iwenthomethatdayandsetouttowriteastory.Onedayafterayear,Ireceivedane-mailfromthemagazine.2024年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（模擬）英語試題參考答案及評分標準2024.05第一部分閱讀(每小題2.5分；滿分50分)1~3B/CDC4~7ABCA8~11CDDC12~15ADAB16~20DEGAF第二部分語言運用(滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(每小題1分；滿分15分)21~25ABDCC26~30ABDBB31~35DCACD第二節(jié)語篇填空(每小題1.5分；滿分15分)36.accepted 37.