高考英語全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)27Unit3Careersandskills牛津譯林版選擇性

Unit3CareersandskillsⅠ.閱讀理解A[2022·武漢市高三供題]Asachild,PaoloFanciulliwasattractedbyunderwaterabandonedships,particularlythefishandseagrassthatlivedinthem.Butinthepastdecade,hisjobasafishermanhasgrownharder,astrawling(用拖網(wǎng)捕魚)nearthecoasthasbeendestroyingtheMediterraneanecosystem.“Thenetsareweigheddownwithheavychainstobedraggedontheseabottom,sotheyuproottheseagrassthatiskeytotheMediterraneanecosystem，”hesaid.WhileItalianlawbanstrawlingwithin5.5kilometresofthecoast,it'ssoprofitablethatit'snotuncommonforboatstocarryonillegallyatnight.In2006,adesperateTuscangovernmentdroppedconcreteblocksintotheseatointerruptthetrawlers.Fanciullisaidtheydidn'tworkastheyweretoofarapartandthenetssimplydraggedbetweenthem.Hethenbegantowonder:whatif,insteadofdroppingconcreteblocksintothewater,hedroppedart?HeaskedamineinnearbyCarraratodonatetwomarble(大理石)blockstomakesculptures.Theydonated100instead.Throughwordofmouth,contributionsandonlinecrowdfunding,FanciullipersuadedartistsincludingGiorgiaButiniandBeverlyPeppertocarvesculpturesfromthemarble.Thenhetookthemtoseaandloweredthemin.Theunderwatersculpturescreatebothaphysicalbarrierfornetsandauniqueunderwatermuseum.The“museum”appearstobehavingsomeeffectsgradually.Although10yearsagotheseagrasswasdisappearing,itisnowgrowingback.Thestatuesalsodeservecreditforhelpingtopreservethefishingindustrybyprotectingthefishresourcesbecausethenurseryareasofvariouscommercialfishspeciesarebelowthecoast.Allkindsofundersealifeappearstobereturning.Seagrasscoversthestatues,shellfishhastakenupresidence,andmoredolphinshavebeenseen.Fanciullihopestobuildonthemuseum'ssuccess.“Weputinthefirststatuesin2007butourgoalistoreach100，”hesaid,sensinganopportunity.1．WhathasmadeFanciulli'sjobgrowharder?A．Anillegalfishingpractice.B．Thedecliningfishingindustry.C．Theconcreteblocksunderwater.D．Theincreasingnumberoffishermen.2．WhatdoesFanciullimeanby“droppedart”inParagraph3?A．Establishinganartmuseum.B．Removingtheconcreteblocks.C．Appealingforartists'donation.D．Layingsculpturesunderthesea.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFanciulli'smeasure?A．Fruitless.B．Doubtful.C．Conventional.D．Rewarding.4．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Benefitsbroughtbyfineart.B．Harmtrawlingdoestomarinelife.C．Effortsbyafishermantoprotectsealife.D．Attemptsbyartiststopreservebiodiversity.B[2022·武漢部分學(xué)校高三起點質(zhì)量檢測]WhenJosephCookfirstlandedontheGreenlandicesheetin2010,hewasexpectingtoseeaprimitivewhiteenvironment.Whathefoundwasa“colorfulmix”—fromblackandgraytogreen,purpleandbrown,withneon(霓虹)bluemeltstreamscuttingthroughtheice.TherainbowcoloursCookencounteredarecreatedbyacollectionoftinylifeformsthatreproduceonthesurfaceoftheicesheet.Biodiversityisusuallyconsideredagoodthing,butinthiscasetheabundanceoftinylifeisspeedingupicemelting,andlikelycausingglobalsealeveltorisefasterthanscientistshavepredicted.Cooksaysthetinylifeformshestudiesarecontributingtotheproblem.Oneoftheseorganismsisanalga(海藻)thatgrowsinthethinlayerofwateronthesurfaceoftheice.Itproducesapurple-brownpigment(色素)whichacts“l(fā)ikeanaturalsunscreen”，saysCook,protectingthealgaefromthefullforceoftheArcticsunlight.Thepigmentalsocausestheicetoheatupandmelt.“IfyougooutonahotdaywearingablackT-shirt,yougetwarmerthanifyougooutonahotdaywearingawhiteT-shirt.Thesamethinghappensontheice，”saysCook.“Thesealgae,liketheblackT-shirtfortheglacier,arecausingittowarmupinthesunandmeltfaster.”Cook'sresearchonapartoftheGreenlandicesheetcovering3,900squaremilesrevealedthatalgaeareresponsibleforupto13%oftheicemelting.Insomelocalizedareas,thealgaeboostedmeltingbyupto26%.Glacieralgaearenotanewphenomenon—therearerecordsoftheminthediariesofpolarexplorersfromthe1870s,accordingtoCook.What'sbecomingclearisthaticesheetsaresurprisinglydynamicandcomplexenvironments.“Therearesomanyquestionstoanswer，”saysCook.“It'skindoflikeathemeparkforascientistbecausethere'sjustsomuchtodo.”5．Whatisquickeningtheicemelting?A．Thealgae.B．Humanactivities.C．Globalwarming.D．Neonbluemeltstreams.6．WhyistheexampleofwearingablackT-shirtmentioned?A．Toclarifyarule.B．Toexplainthephenomenon.C．Toaddhumour.D．Tomakeaconclusion.7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Scientistswillavoidexploringpolarregions.B．Cookfeelsproudofthecurrentresults.C．Athemeparkwillbebuiltonicesheets.D．There'salongwayforresearchintoicesheets.8．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Anewsreview.B．Atravelbrochure.C．AChinesetextbook.D．Asciencemagazine.Ⅱ.完形填空[2022·煙臺市高考診斷性測試]FivedaysbeforeChristmas,policeofficerLimawassenttoalocalStopandShopforareportedtheft.Theaccusationwasthattwofemaleswerescanning(掃描)someitemsattheself-checkoutbut__1__otheritemsandbaggingthoseitems.Thetwofemalesandtwochildrenwerealready__2__byLossandPreventionoverthere.Limahadtwogirlshimself,similarinagetothetwogirlsthere,soit__3__himalittlebit.Lima__4__thereceiptfortheitemstheyhadpaidfor.Therewasnothingelselikehealthandbeautyitemsonit.Theitemswereall__5__—thingsboughtjusttostuffthemselves.Thenheaskedanemployeewheretheotheritemswerethattheyhadplannedtotakeandwasinformedtheywereputbackonthe__6__.Obviously,thisfamilywasinrealneed.WhileLimafirmly__7__followingthelaw,hedecidedtocutthemabreakandnotto__8__.Thetwofemales,__9__，wereverygratefulbutkindof__10__becausegenerally,inthatsamesituationtherewouldprobablybeadifferent__11__andthey'dbearrested.Limatookthingsastepfurtherinaneffortto__12__thefamily.Hegavethema$200giftcard,tellingthemnottogetthingsinillegalwaysanymore.“Ipurchasedthegiftcardclosetothevalueofwhatwouldhavebeen__13__，”saidLima.“IdidwhatIfeltwas__14__.Ijusttriedtoshowalittle__15__totheextentpermittedbylaw.”1．A.labelingB．damagingC．sortingD．bypassing2．A.misunderstoodB．heldC．toleratedD．unemployed3．A.confusedB．disappointedC．struckD．a(chǎn)ttracted4．A.deniedB．checkedC．filledD．questioned5．A.luxuriesB．drinksC．presentsD．foods6．A.shelvesB．countersC．checkoutD．lockers7．A.stoodB．resistedC．believedinD．putoff8．A.maketroubleB．takeresponsibilityC．playtricksD．presscharges9．A.consequentlyB．fortunatelyC．graduallyD．incredibly10．A.ashamedB．shockedC．a(chǎn)nxiousD．innocent11．A.lessonB．outcomeC．choiceD．excuse12．A.aidB．controlC．remindD．reward13．A.returnedB．exchangedC．takenD．ordered14．A.eye-catchingB．risk-takingC．privateD．right15．A.politenessB．courageC．mercyD．a(chǎn)dmirationⅢ.應(yīng)用文寫作[2022·濟寧市高三模擬]假定你是校英文報編輯李華，你報擬舉行以三牛精神為主題的征文活動。請用英語為本活動寫一份征稿啟事，內(nèi)容如下：1．活動目的；2．稿件要求；3．截稿日期及投稿方式。注意：詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。參考詞匯：三牛精神thespiritoftheoxContributionsWanted________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________EditorialSectionMarch12,2022課時作業(yè)(二十七)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自然——人與環(huán)境——一名漁民關(guān)注海洋保護的故事【語篇解讀】PaoloFanciulli少年時被水下沉船吸引，尤其是沉船里的魚和海草。而現(xiàn)在由于拖網(wǎng)捕魚這種非法行為，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到極大破壞，所以他想出了一個新辦法：在水下擺放雕塑，既能保護生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，也等同于建一個水下博物館。1．答案與解析：A考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“hisjobasafishermanhasgrownharder，astrawling(用拖網(wǎng)捕魚)nearthecoasthasbeendestroyingtheMediterraneanecosystem”可知，用拖網(wǎng)捕魚這種違法行為毀壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，使得漁民工作艱難。2．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。由第三段可知在海中拋擲“混凝土塊”不能阻礙這種拖網(wǎng)捕魚。再根據(jù)下文中的“whatif,insteadofdroppingconcreteblocksintothewater...tomakesculptures.”可知，F(xiàn)anciulli想把雕塑放入海里。故答案為D。3．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theunderwater...auniqueunderwatermuseum.”和第五段中的“Although10yearsagotheseagrasswasdisappearing,itisnowgrowingback...Allkindsofundersealifeappearstobereturning.”可知，他的措施是令人滿意的。4．答案與解析：C考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。第一段講了Paolo作為漁民，工作變得艱難的原因；第三段內(nèi)容是為應(yīng)對拖網(wǎng)捕魚這種行為人們的做法以及Paolo想出的辦法。第四、五段是采取這種新措施的過程及人們對新措施的評論；最后講述了Paolo進一步的設(shè)想。因此全文在講一位漁民為保護海洋生物及海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所付出的努力。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——研究發(fā)現(xiàn)——藻類會加速冰融化【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了像夏日的黑T恤衫更吸熱一樣，藻類會加快冰蓋融化的速度。5．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“theabundanceoftinylifeisspeedingupicemelting”和第二段中的“Oneoftheseorganismsisanalga(海藻)”可知藻類是加速冰融化的微生物之一。故A項正確。6．答案與解析：B考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thesealgae,liketheblackT-shirtfortheglacier,arecausingittowarmupinthesunandmeltfaster.”可知，作者之所以提及夏日的黑T恤衫是為了便于讀者理解藻類加速冰川融化的現(xiàn)象。故B項正確。clarify“使更清晰易懂；闡明”。7．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Therearesomanyquestionstoanswer...somuchtodo.’”可以推斷，對于冰蓋的研究科學(xué)家還有很多工作需要去做。故D項正確。8．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)文章大意可知，本文講述了一項科學(xué)研究——藻類會加速冰蓋融化，這樣的文章一般出自科學(xué)雜志。故D項正確。Ⅱ.完形填空語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——人文關(guān)懷——警官Lima人性化地處理了一起盜竊案【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了警官Lima被派去處理一起盜竊案，當(dāng)他了解了事情的真相后，在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)，人性化地處理了這起案件并進行了資助，使當(dāng)事人感激不已的故事。1．答案與解析：D考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“forareportedtheft”可知，警官Lima因一起盜竊案被派到了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患疑痰辏豢馗娴氖窃谧灾浙y處結(jié)賬的兩位女士，她們沒有將一些商品掃描就裝入了袋中。D項意為“繞過，避開”，符合語境。故選D。2．答案與解析：B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，兩名女士因為故意偷竊已和她們的兩個孩子一起被損失預(yù)防所拘留了。B項意為“拘留”，符合語境。故選B。3．答案與解析：C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，Lima有兩個女兒，跟這兩個女孩年紀相仿，因此這個場面讓他有點震驚。C項意為“給予(一擊)”，符合語境。故選C。4．答案與解析：B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，Lima檢查了她們的付款收據(jù)。B項意為“檢查”，符合語境。故選B。5．答案與解析：D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“thingsboughtjusttostuffthemselves”可知，她們購買的全都是食物。D項意為“食品”，符合語境。故選D。6．答案與解析：A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，商店員工已經(jīng)把那些未付款的東西放回到了貨架上。A項意為“架子”，符合語境。故選A。7．答案與解析：C考查動詞(短語)辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，盡管Lima堅信要遵守法律，但他決定給她們一個寬限。C項意為“相信”，符合語境。故選C。8．答案與解析：D考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，Lima決定給她們一個寬限，不起訴她們。D項意為“起訴”，符合語境。故選D。9．答案與解析：A考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“hedecidedtocutthemabreakandnotto__8__”可知，Lima沒有起訴這兩位女士，因