Unit-3-Message-of-the-land市公開課一等獎省賽課微課金獎?wù)n件

Unit3Messageoftheland1/93GlossaryBarter(v).Toexchangegoods,property,service,ectforothergoodswithouttheuseofmoney.以貨易貨。Phrase:bartersthforsth/barterwithsbforsthEg.Theyhavebeenbarteringwheatforcottonandtimer.他們一直在用小麥交換棉花和木材。Thatgaybarteredapaperclipforone-year'suseofamansion.那個家伙用一個曲別針活了一棟別墅一年使用。（exchangefan換客）2/93Barter（n).Theexchangeofgoodsforothergoodswiththeuseofmoney.Eg.Barterhasbeenappearedamongthepoorandthenotsopoor.窮人和不太窮人之間出現(xiàn)了物物交換。3/93Breeze(n).Alightgentlewind.微風Eg.alovelycoolbreeze宜人涼風Thebannerflutteredinthebreeze.旗幟在微風中飄揚。(2)(infml)athingthatiseasytodo；easyjob(task)輕而易舉事Eg.FlyingisabreezecomparedtodrivinginShanghai.與在上海開車相比，開飛機可算輕易工作。Makesth.Abreeze做某事易如反掌4/93BreezeV.(1)(spoken)blowlightly吹微風，拂輕風Eg.Thesouthwindbreezedoverthefields.南風拂過田野。(2)(V.+Adv./prep.)tomoveinacheerfulandconfidentwayinaparticulardirection輕盈而自信走Eg.Shebreezedalong,smilingateveryone.她婀娜輕盈地向前走去，一邊對著每個人微笑5/93BreezeWeatherbroadcast0級:Calm無風1級:Lightair軟風2級:Lightbreeze輕風3級:Gentlebreeze微風4級:Moderatebreeze和風5級:Freshbreeze清風6級:Strongbreeze強風7級:Moderategale疾風8級:Freshgale大風9級:Stronggale烈風10級:Wholegale狂風11級:Storm暴風12~17級:Hurricane颶風6/93Wind,zephyr,breeze,squall,storm,whirlwind,blow,gale,blasthurricane,typhoon,cyclone,tornado,waterspout,anticyclone,monsoon,tradewind,westerly,easterly,Boreas,Notos(souther)northwester.7/93Colorful(adj)havingalotofcolorsoralotofdifferentcolors;(aperson)interestingandamusing.(astory)fullofexcitingdetails.Eg.Themalebirdsaremorecolorfulthanthefemaleones.雄鳥比雌鳥顏色愈加艷麗。Daisyisthemostcolorfulpersonintheclass.黛西是班里最有意思一個人。ThestoryshetoldwascertainlycolorfulandextendedoverherlifeinEngland,GermanyandSpain.她講述故事確實生動，包含了她在英國、德國和西班牙生活。8/93ColorfulConjugate:Adj:colored,colorlessN.Colorist,coloring，colorationV.Colorsth,colorize(oilpainting,watercolor.)9/93ComplainV.Toexpressdissatisfactionorannoyance.埋怨Complain(tosb)aboutsth;complainthatShenevercomplains,butobviouslysheisexhausted.她從來不會埋怨，但顯然精疲力盡。ThecouplecomplainedaboutthehighcostofvisitingEurope.這對夫妻埋怨了游覽歐洲高昂花費。Hecomplainedbitterlythathehadbeenunfairlytreated.他憤懣埋怨自己所受到不公正待遇。10/93ComplainComplainof,tosaythatyoufeelillorsufferingfromapain.Hecomplainedaheadache.他說他頭疼。Complainofaninjustice訴冤。11/93ComplainSynonym：grumble,whineabout,,railagainst(大聲嚷嚷).Conjugate：complaintcomplainant(原告)；complainer(老愛埋怨人)。12/93Condemn(v)（1）Tocriticize;tocensure（usuallyformoralreasons）訓斥Condemnsb/sth(for/assth)Theeditorofthenewspaperwascondemnedaslackingintegrity.這個編輯被訓斥缺乏公正性。(2)tosaywhatsb'spunishmentwillbe.宣判；判處某人某種刑罰CondemnsbtosthHewascondemnedtolifeimprisonment.他被判處終生監(jiān)禁。Shewascondemnedtohangforkillingherhusband.她因殺害親夫被判絞刑。13/93Condemn(4)toforcesbtoacceptadifficultorunpleasantsituation.Theirlackofqualificationscondemnedthemtoalifelongboringorpoorly-paidwork因為經(jīng)驗缺乏，迫使他們一輩子做事情大歐式單調(diào)乏味，通常工資很低工作。(4)ToshoworsuggestsbisguiltyofsthSheiscondemnedoutofherownmouth.她自己說話證實了她有罪。14/93CondemnSynonyms:Sentence，denounce,deploreConjugate:condemnatory(處罰，非難，定罪)condemnable(該受處罰；應(yīng)受訓斥；)condemnation（訓斥；定罪；處罰）15/93Crab(n).蟹Whale鯨魚seal海豹walrus海象dolphin海豚shark鯊魚seaturtle海龜shrimp海蝦seahorseorhippocampus海馬sealion海獅starfish海星octopus章魚lobster龍蝦seaurchin海膽scallop扇貝oyster牡蠣sardine沙丁魚prawn對蝦salmon鮭魚squid魷魚Carp鯉魚chub鰱魚crucian鯽魚crayfish小龍蝦otter水獺duckbill/plantypus鴨嘴獸beaver河貍frog青蛙giantsalamander娃娃魚alligator美洲鱷；短尾鱷crocodile非洲鱷（thetearsofthecrocodile虛偽眼淚）16/93Dusk(n)aftersunset,earlyeveningwhenitisnotyetdark.黃昏Atdusk黃昏時分，黃昏時刻。Eg.Theduskisgathering.暮色漸濃。Theywentoutatdusk.他們在黃昏時候出去了。Shewasinvisibleintheduskoftheroom.她在昏暗房間里，他人看不見她。17/93Employment(n.)havingpaidwork.雇傭，受雇。Employmentagency,abusinessthatmakesmoneybyfindingjobsforpeople.職業(yè)介紹所。Eg.Graduatesarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttofindemployment.畢業(yè)生們發(fā)覺工作越來越難找。Employmentcondition/pension/terms/policy18/93Employment(n.)thesituationinwhichpeoplehavework.就業(yè)。EgThegovernmentisaimingatfullemployment.政府在致力于到達全方面就業(yè)。Takingitbyandlarge,theconditionsofemploymentaregood.從大致上來說，就業(yè)條件是好。19/93Evil(n).sththatisveryharmfulorverybadEg.(1)Theevilthathedidcanneverbeundone.他做壞事永遠不會被抹掉。(2)Canalloureffortstowardsmoralityprevailovertheforcesofevil?我們?yōu)樘岢珎惱淼赖滤雠δ軌驊?zhàn)勝邪惡力量嗎？Thelesseroftwoevils兩害之較輕者20/93EvilAdj.1.(ofpeople)morallybadandcruel;havingthenatureofvice惡毒；邪惡Eg.anevilgrin獰笑2.Havingaharmfuleffectonpeople;harmful有害；道德敗壞Eg.Heneverlearnedtodifferentiatebetweengoodandevil.他從未學會分辨善惡。

Synonyms:wicked,immoral,vicious,demonic21/93ExhaustedAdj.(1)verytired;drainedofenergyoreffectiveness筋疲力盡；疲憊不堪Eg.Shewastooexhaustedanddistressedtotalkaboutthetragedy.她太累了，而且無比悲傷，沒法談?wù)撃菆霰瘎　?2)Completelyusedorfinished;runningout用完；耗盡；枯竭Eg.~foreignreserves用盡外匯貯備~resource耗盡資源22/93ExhaustedConjugate:Exhaust(V.)Exhaustion(N.)exhausting(Adj.)Exhaustive(Adj.)23/93Fashionable(Adj.)stylish,modernEg.(1)Shewearsafashionablehairstyleprevailinginthecity.她發(fā)型是這個城市流行款式。(2)Washed-outjeanswereveryfashionableatthattime.水洗牛仔褲很時髦。24/93Fate(N.)apowerthatsomepeoplebelievecontrolsanddecideseverythingthathappens,inawaythatcannotbepreventedorchanged命運；天數(shù)Eg.Heseemsforamomenttobeagainholdingthefateofthecountryinhishands...他似乎在一瞬間又一次將國家命運握在了手中。25/93Fateanevent(oracourseofevents)thatwillinevitablyhappeninthefuture命中注定事（尤指連環(huán)事件）Eg.Itwasjustoneofthosetimeswhenyouwonderwhetherthefatesconspireagainstyou.有些時候，你會懷疑是不是造化弄人，現(xiàn)在就是如此。26/93FateSynonyms:destiny;fortune;predetermination;predestinationConjugate：Fatal(Adj.)fatalism(N.)fatalistic(Adj.)27/93Fertile(Adj)(1)(landorsoil)abletosupportthegrowthofalargenumberofstronghealthyplants肥沃Eg.Thelandisnotfertileenoughtorepaycultivation.這塊土地不夠肥沃，不值得耕種。(2)（usuallybeforenoun)(mindorimagination)abletoproducealotofgood,originalideas想象力豐富Eg.Achessplayermusthaveafertileimaginationandrichsenseoffantasy.一個棋手必須有豐富想象力，并善于奇思妙想(3)（humanoranimal)abletoreproduceandhavebabiesoryounganimals能生育；可繁殖Eg.Theoperationcannotbereversedtomakeherfertileagain.手術(shù)結(jié)果不可逆轉(zhuǎn)，無法讓她恢復生育能力28/93Conjugate：Fertility(N.)fertilize(V.)fertilizer(N.)Synonyms:productive;abundant;prolific;pregnant;creativeAntonyms:infertile;barren;sterile29/93Forefathers(fml.)Yourancestors,especiallyyourmaleancestors;apersoninyourfamilywholivedalongtimeago祖先；祖宗（尤指男性）Eg.1.Theyarethemostpreciousculturallegacyourforefathersleft.它們是我們祖先留下來最寶貴文化遺產(chǎn)。2.Fromancienttimesourforefathershavelaboured,livedandmultipliedonthisland.自古以來，我們祖先就勞動、生息、繁衍在這塊土地上。30/93InfancyN.Earlychildhood;babyhood嬰兒時期；幼兒時期Eg.(1)HecametoEnglandinhisinfancy.他幼年時期來到英國。(2)Formyinfancy,therewasnothinginitremarkable.我幼年時代無甚出奇之處。31/93InfancyTheearlystageofgrowthordevelopmentofsth.早期；創(chuàng)時期Eg.(1)Theirresearchisonlyinitsinfancy.他們研究處于初級階段。(2)M-commerceisstillinitsinfancy,eveninFinland.即使在芬蘭，移動商務(wù)也仍處于襁褓階段。32/93InsultV.sayordosomethingthatisrudeoroffensive欺侮；冒犯Eg.(1)Ididnotmeantoinsultyou.我不是要有意欺侮你。(2)Youwillinsultherifyoudon'tgotoherparty.你要是不去參加她舉行聚會，就對她太無禮了。Synonyms:offend;abuse;humiliate;defame33/93N.arudeexpressionintendedtooffendorhurt;aremarkoranactionthatissaidordoneinordertooffendsb.辱罵；冒犯Eg.Theirbehaviorwasaninsulttothepeopletheyrepresent.他們行為是對他們所代表人們一個欺侮。34/93Litter(v).Toleaverubbishsuchasplasticbags,wastepaper,waterbottles,cigarette,cartons,ect.Onthegroundinapublicplace.亂扔垃圾。eg.Glassfromthebrokenbottleslittersthepavement.人行道上滿是破碎玻璃瓶渣。35/93(1)Littersthwithsth:toleavethingsinaplace,makingitlookuntidy.亂扔。eg.Thefloorwaslitteredwithpapers.地上全都是紙。(2)Belitteredwithsth:tocontainorinvolvealotofparticularthings,usuallysthbad.使包含；使?jié)M布（普通是不好東西。）eg.Eg.Youressayislitteredwithspellingmistakes.你文章里滿是拼寫錯誤。36/93Litter(3)Alitterof:aqualityof(thingslyingdisorganized);agroupof(newbornanimals).一堆；一窩Eg.Alitterofbooks,(newspapers,clothes,emptycups)Alitterofpuppies/kittens一窩小狗、一窩小貓37/93LitterSynonyms:rubbish;debris;scrap；garbage;junk38/93Pierce(v).1Tomakeaholethroughsth.扎，刺破，穿透Pierce（through）sthEgThearrowpiercethroughhisshoulder.箭頭射入他肩膀。IwillhavemyearspiercedonSunday.我星期六要去扎耳洞。39/93Pierce2.（oflightorsound）tobesuddenlyseenorheard.(literary)Eg.Shaftsofsunlightpiercedtheheavymist.縷縷陽光穿透了濃霧。Thecoldwindpiercedhimtothebone.他以為寒風刺骨。40/93Pierce3.Toforceawaythroughabarrier.沖破，突破。EgTheyfailedtopiercethedefence.他們未能突破這道防線。4topierceone'sheart:tomakesbverysad.41/93Ripple(n).Liquidmovinginverysmallamount.波紋；細浪；漣漪EgGleamingripplescutthelake'ssurface閃著微光漣漪打破了湖面寧靜。Theairwassostillthattherewashardlyarippleonthepond'ssurface.空氣靜止不動，池塘水面上幾乎看不到波紋。42/93RippleRippleofsth(asound)thatgraduallybecomeslouderandthenquieteragain./(afeeling)thatgraduallyspreadsthroughapersonorgroupofpeople.Eg.Arippleofapplause/laughterArippleoffearpassedthroughhim.一股恐懼感傳遍了他全身。Theannouncementsentarippleofexcitementthroughthecrowd.這一事件一宣告就在人群里引發(fā)了一陣興奮。43/93Ripplev）.1.Tomoveortomakesthmoveinverysmallwaves.(使)如波浪般起伏波動。Eg.Thesearippledandsparkled.大海波光粼粼。2.Tospreadlikeawave.擴散Eg.Agasprippledthroughthecrowd.人群中傳出一片驚詫之聲。44/93ShimmerV.toshinewithafaint,unsteadylight;hasanunclear,unsteadyappearance發(fā)出微光；閃爍Eg.Thelightsshimmeredonthewater.水面上波光粼粼。Thetreesshimmeredintheafternoonheat.午后熱浪中,樹木閃著微光。45/93N.aweakandtremulouslight閃爍光Eg.Thejewelhasabeautifulshimmer.那顆寶石有漂亮閃光。Thecoloursthatshimmeracrossthesurfaceoftheseaareunbelievable.海面上泛著微光，閃爍著神奇色彩。46/93shimmerSynonym:gleamshineglowsparkleglistenglittertwinkleConjugate:shimmery(Adj.)shimmeringly(Adv.)47/93PartIIBackgroundInformationAuthor——PiraSudhamThailand'sleadingEnglishlanguagewriter,whowasnominatedforthe1990NobelPrizeforLiterature.

Hisliteraryworks—social-economic-politicalchangesoccurringinThailand.hisbook

—expedientvoicetothepoorandthevoiceless.48/93Author——PiraSudhamHiswritingsbegantoappearinliterarypublicationsinNewZealand,HongKongandtheUnitedStatesbeforehisfirstbook,SiameseDrama(entitledTalesofThailandinthelatesteditions)waspublishedin1983,followedbyPeopleofEsarnin1987.

HehaslivedforovertenyearsinAustraliaandtheUnitedKingdom,wherehewroteMonsoonCountry(1988),anditssequel,TheForceofKarma().49/93PiraSudham'sOwnWords:

---"IfIhadnotleftmyvillagethen,Iwouldhavebeensubject,likemostvillagers,tothemercyofnature:floods,drought,disease,ignoranceandscarcity.Withendurance,Iwouldhaveacceptedthemasmyownfate,assomethingIcannotgoagainstinthislife."50/93PiraSudham'sownwords:---"InmymindIcarrymemoriesofchildhood,oflifeinvillages,suchasapregnantwomancarryingachild.Everydaytheseimagesgrow,andIknowthatonedayIshallhavetogivebirthtothemthroughthemediumofwriting.Besides,Idon'twantpeopleinourvillages,sofarremovedfromotherpeoplesbecauseofdistanceandpoverty,tobeborn,sufferandtodieinvain."51/9352/93PreviewQuestions1.Whatdoes“l(fā)and”meantoyou?Whatarethedifferencesamong“l(fā)and”,“soil”and“earth”?2.Whatdoestheword“motherland”or“homeland”associateyourmindwith?3.Doyouthinklandiscarryingsecretmessage?Whatarethey?53/93TextAnalysisGenre——essay（interview）StructureofthetextTheme54/93Lesson3-MessageoftheLandStructureofthetext

PartIthewife’sspeech

(paras.1—3)

(paras.4—7)

PartIIthefarmer’sspeech(paras.8—11)Thewifetellsusbrieflyaboutherfamilyandhowallherchildrenleft.Thispartfocusesonthechangesthatshefindsshecan’tadjustto.Thefarmertellsaboutwhathethinksaretherootofallevilsandwhatjoyshefindsinlifeandfarming.55/93ThemeofthestoryThetexttellsaboutthedeepregretoftheoldpeopleoverthelossoftraditionalvaluesandthewayoflife.Thethemeishiddeninthemessageoftheland.56/93DetailedAnalysisPartI(1-7)thewife’sspeechA(1-3)Para1Thetextbeginswithaword‘yes’,Whatkindofwritingisit?Whydoesthewifestartherconversationwiththetalkabouttheland?57/93Lesson3-MessageoftheLandParaphrase MyhusbandmovedintoourhousesasisthewaywithusinEsarn.(1)(Whenwegotmarried)myhusbandcametoliveinourhouse.ItwasthetraditionhereinEsarnthatthebridegroomshouldcometolivewiththebride’sfamily.“As”introducesadefiningrelativeclauseandfunctionsasitssubject,representingwhatisstatedinthemainclause.58/93Lesson3-MessageoftheLandParaphrase2 Therest,twoboysandtwogirls,wentawayassoonaswecouldaffordtobuyjeansforthem.(1)Ourotherchildren—twoboysandtwogirls—leftassoonaswehadthemoneytobuythemjeans.tohaveenoughmoneytodoappositiveof“therest”

theremainingpeople;theothers59/9360/93AbouttheText

FiguresofSpeech

Asimileisabriefcomparison,usuallyintroducedbythepreposition“l(fā)ike”ortheconjunction“as”,andetc.Simile：Asimileconsistsoftwoparts:tenorandvehicle.Thetenoristheprimarysubject;thevehicleisthethingtowhichthemainsubjectiscomparedto.（明喻）Itislikeaknifepiercingmyheart.61/93AbouttheText

FiguresofSpeechRecords(fell)likeripeapples(onawindyday).Thedataprocessing(isgoingon)as(slow)asasnailsubject/tenorsimilemarkerreference/vehicleExamples:

62/93AbouttheText

FiguresofSpeech

Ametaphorisalsoacomparison.Thedifferenceisthatasimilecomparesthingsexplicitly---thatis,itstatesliterallythatXislikeY.Ametaphorcomparesthingsimplicitly.Readliterally,itdoesnotstatethatthingsarealike;itsaysthattheyarethesamething,thattheyareidentical.Metaphor:（隱喻，暗喻）63/93AbouttheText

FiguresofSpeechsubject/tenorreference/vehiclelife(is)astageHe(is)awolf(insheep’sclothing).Examples:64/93AbouttheText

FiguresofSpeechQ: Canyoufindsomeexamplesoftheusageofsimileinthetext?1. Sometimes,theygetbulliedandinsulted,anditis likeknifepiercingmyheart.2.

Itisnolongerfertile,bleedingyearafteryear, and

likeusgettingoldandexhausted.3. Wheneachofthemhasapairofjeans,theyare off

likebirdsonthewing.65/93Paraphrase3 It’seasierformyhusband.Hehasearswhichdon’thear,amouthwhichdoesn’tspeak,andeyesthatdon’tsee.(2)Newsaboutmychildren’sproblemsdoesn’tmakemyhusbandassadasme.Hedoesn’tbotheraboutwhatishappeningaroundusandtoourchildren.Heneversaysanythingaboutthem.restrictiverelativeclause

parallelstructure66/93Paraphrase4 Hehasalwaysbeenpatientandsilent,mindinghisownlife.(2)presentparticiplephrasefunctioningasadverbialofaccompanyingcircumstancestakecareof;attendto

He’salwaysbeenpatientandtalkslittle.Hejustdoeshisdutyandcarriesonhislife.67/93Paraphrase5Ourpieceoflandissmall,anditisnolongerfertile,bleedingyearafteryearand,likeus,gettingoldandexhausted.(3)personificationOurlandisgettingpoorerwitheachpassingyear,likeuswhoaregettingold,weakandtired.presentparticiplephrasesfunctioningasacause68/93WritingDevicesPersonificationOurpieceoflandissmall,anditisnolongerfertile,bleedingyearafteryearand,likeus,gettingoldandexhausted.(3)Personificationisreallyaspecialkindofmetaphor.

personificationReferringtoinanimate

thingsorabstractionsasiftheywerehuman.69/93WritingDevicesThesoilisnotdifficulttotillwhenthereisalotofrain,butinabadyear,it’snotonlytheploughsthatbreakbutourhearts,too.(3)Zeugma:asinglewordismadetomodifyorgovern

twoormorewordsinthesamesentenceZeugma70/93Lesson3-MessageoftheLandWritingDevicesZeugma:moreexamples

1.Thesenatorpickeduphishat

aswellas

hiscourage.2.COATTAILS:Clothesthatfittheman

and

thetimes.(Advert.InNewYorkTimesMagazine,1980)3.MissBolorosefromthetableconsiderablyagitated,andwentstraighthome,inafloodoftearsandasedanchair.4.Tenminuteslater,thecoffeeandCommanderDana

ofNavalIntelligencearrivedsimultaneously.Zeugmaisacomicfigureofspeech.AtitsbestZeugmaiswittyandamusing,anditincreasesmeaningbyrevealinghiddenconnections.71/93Lesson3-MessageoftheLandParaphrase6…butinabadyear,it’snotonlytheploughsthatbreakbutourheartstoo.(3)…butwhenthereisadrought,thelandissohardthattheploughsbreak.Andwebecomevery,verysad.emphaticstructurezeugma:“break”governsboth“ploughs”and“hearts”.72/93Paraphrase7Shopshavesprungup,filledwithcolorfulplasticthingsandgoodswehavenousefor.(4)Manyshopsappearinashorttime.Intheseshopstherearelotsofcolorfulplasticthingsandthingsthatareuselessforus.pastparticiplephrasefunctioningaspost-modifiertomodify“shops”

appearsuddenly

relativeclause73/93ParaphraseThemen,soakedwithsweatfromanall-nightmarch,immediatelywentintoaction.Thesubstance,discoveredalmostbyaccident,hasrevolutionizedmedicine.Thebook,writtenin1957,tellsofthestruggleoftheminers.Apost-modifyingpastparticiplephrasecorrespondstoanellipticalrelativeclause.74/93Paraphrase8 IfthatkindofthinghadhappenedwhenIwasyoung,thewholevillagewouldhavecondemnedsuchanungratefulson,andhisfatherwouldsurelyhavegivenhimagoodbeating.(6)Inmydayifaboyhadscreamedathismother,thewhol