2018高考真題英語 全國(guó)3卷(答案)

2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)ID卷）

英語

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的

答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱?/p>

選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間

將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有

關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是Co

1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?

A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.

2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.

B.Brotherandsister.

C.Teacherandstudent.

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3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?

A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的

A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱

讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每

段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.

7.WhatwillMaxdonext?

A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?

A.Goingtoaconcert.

B.Watchingamovie.

C.Playingacomputergame.

9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?

A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.C.Takeawalk.

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聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?

A.Red.B.Green.C.Blue.

11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?

A.Toeattheminasafeplace.

B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.

C.Tomaketheirownershappy.

12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?

A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhoisMacy?

A.Ed'smother.B.Ed'steacher.C.Ed'sfriend.

14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.

15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?

A.Tellingstories.

B.Singingsongs.

C.Playingwithothers.

16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?

A.He'sclever.B.He'squiet.C.He'sbrave.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?

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A.Five.B.Six.C.Nine.

18.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?

A.Toworkforadanceschool.

B.Toperformatadancetheater.

C.Tolearncontemporarydance.

19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?

A.Shewastoooldtodance.

B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.

C.Shelostinterestinit.

20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?

A.She'spleased.

B.She'sregretful.

C.She'supset.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。

WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens

VisitorInformation

HowtoGettoHolker

ByCar:FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36,M6.Approximatetravel

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times:Windermere—20minutes,Kendal—25minutes,Lancaster_45

minutes,Manchester_1hour30minutes.

ByRail:TheneareststationisCark-in-Cartmelwithtrainsto

Carnforth,LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&

airports.

OpeningTimes

Sunday一Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00am一4:00pm,30th

March一2ndNovember.

AdmissionCharges

Hall&GardensGardens

Adults:￡12.00￡8.00

Groups:￡9.00￡5.50

SpecialEvents

Producers'Market13thApril

Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meetthe

producersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.

HolkerGardenFestival30thMay

Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowofthevery

bestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.

NationalGardenDay28thAugust

Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.For

justasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.

WinterMarket8thNovember

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Thisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshops

sellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.

21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfrom

Manchester?

A.20minutes.B.25minutes.

C.45minutes.D.90minutes.

22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisitHall&

Gardens?

A.￡12.00.B.￡9.00.C.￡8.00.D.￡5.50.

23.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?

A.Producers5MarketB.HolkerGardenFestival.

C.NationalGardenDay.D.WinterMarket.

B

Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearby

portorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoand

naturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,

isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsits

populationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcities

developslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothing

almostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness（荒

野）.Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneof

thelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.

Dawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslike

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LondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledover

snow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.The

pathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfall

withoutwarning.Anavalanche（雪崩）onceclosedthepath,killing63people.

FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththe

difficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.

About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.

Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.

Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthat

Dawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwith

disappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheard

therewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquickly

astheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo-toseewherethe

Canadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawson

City-itspresentpopulationis762.

24.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?

A.Itsbusinessculture.

B.Itssmallpopulation.

C.Itsgeographicalposition.

D.Itsfavourableclimate.

25.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?

A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.

B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.

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C.Almosteveryonegaveup.

D.Halfofthemdied.

26.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?

A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.

B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.

C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.

D.Theywereshortoffood.

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theriseandfallofacity.

B.ThegoldrushinCanada.

C.Journeysintothewilderness.

D.TourisminDawson.

C

Whilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsof

landmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNational

CenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsare

makinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.

Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-old

Chinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize一whichis

oftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture一onFebruary28.Heis

thefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.

WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChina

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AcademyofArt（CAA）.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus（校園）

oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthe

campusarehisoriginalcreations.

ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChinese

universities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspace

andabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves（曲線）ofthebuildingsperfectly

matchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview.

Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.

Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksinto

walls,roofsandcorridors.Thiscreationattractedalotofattentionthanks

toitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements（元素）.

Wang'sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureand

agoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreateda

newtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995

PritzkerPrize.

Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesat

museums.<sThatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,Mhesaid.

“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.They

thinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsorefers

tothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,whe

said.

“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheories

ratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabout

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traditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,“saidWang.

Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice.Otherwise,

therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.

28.Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare

A.followingthelatestworldtrend

B.gettinginternationalrecognition

C.workingharderthaneverbefore

D.relyingonforeignarchitects

29.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?

A.Itshillyenvironment.B.Itslargesize.

C.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.

30.WhatmadeWang'sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?

A.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.

B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.

C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.

D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.

31.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?

A.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.

C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.

D

Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydo

weoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheir

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belongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthan

Ididhowtolivemorewithless.

Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrento

donateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughter

Georgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemother

wasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafew

largerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoney

intoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousabout

becomingadoctor).

Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowe

makeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlive

with,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,

determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwith

onlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoy

wouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosea

redrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoput

itinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.It

wastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassed

anditwastimetomoveontolunch.

Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.Hehad

myfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingle

objectworkedforbothofus.

32.Whatdothewords“moreismore“inparagraph1probablymean?

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A.Themore,thebetter.B.Enoughisenough.

C.Moremoney,moreworries.D.Earnmoreandspendmore.

33.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?

A.Savingupforherholiday.B.Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.

C.Addingthemoneytoherfund.D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother.

34.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?

A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparenfslove.

C.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby.

35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TakeItorLeaveItB.ALessonfromKids

C.LiveMorewithLessD.ThePleasureofGiving

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)

中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.

Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,and

everythingelseinbetween.

36WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthand

seatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofill

thetime.

“Iadoredancing,saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudio

inIowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmyBridgesruns

danceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.37Ifs

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greattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,ifsawayofmeetingpeopleand

havingasociallife.w

38"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,saysBridges.

“They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlow

spiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.39”

So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,

healthier?AndreaHilliersays,4tDance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,

islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.40

Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive.^^

A.Sowhydowedance?

B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.

C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.

D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.

E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.

F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.

G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.

第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出

可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknown

person,weusuallysay“sorry,41number!”andmoveon.Butwhen

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DennisWilliams42atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedid

something43.

OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext44himthatacouplehe

didn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy.

^Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,Dennis46

Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere47quicklyfromthe

overjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher48,shedidn'tseemtorealize

thatshewas49thebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger.uWell,I

don't50youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby,^^

repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew51werein.

Muchtothefamily'ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis52!Heturned

upatthehospital53giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbaby

boy.Lindsey'shusbandwastotally54bytheunexpectedvisit.<4Idon't

thinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe55itandthe

gifts.”

Teresa56aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworking

website57bythetouchingwords:"Whata58thisyoungman

wastoourfamily!Hewasso59andkindtodothis."Theposthas

sincegainedthe60ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receiving

morethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.

41.A.unluckyB.secretC.newD.wrong

42.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed

43.A.reasonableB.specialC.necessaryD.practical

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44.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.warning

45.A.wake-upB.recoveryC.growthD.arrival

46.A.respondedB.interruptedC.predictedD.repeated

47.A.cominginB.settingoutC.passingdownD.movingaround

48.A.opinionB.anxietyC.excitementD.effort

49.A.comparingB.exchangingC.discussingD.sharing

50.A.acceptB.knowC.believeD.bother

51.A.parentsB.doctorsC.patientsD.visitors

52.A.dreamB.promiseC.agendaD.principle

53.A.bearingB.collectingC.openingD.making

54.A.discouragedB.relaxedC.astonishedD.defeated

55.A.admitB.needC.appreciateD.expect

56.A.foundB.selectedC.developedD.posted

57.A.confirmedB.simplifiedC.clarifiedD.accompanied

58.A.pityB.blessingC.reliefD.problem

59.A.smartB.calmC.sweetD.fair

60.A.sympathyB.attentionC.controlD.trust

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Pmnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla（大猩猩）

thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestin

theCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,Fmface-to-facewiththe

gorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesher

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babyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63

(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestand

chargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64

(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65(challenge).

MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma66(science)whostudiesanimals

suchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewestern

lowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,and

mycolleaguesandIwereworried.

WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind

68(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal

69(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:"I'mkingofthisforest,

andhereisyourreminder!^^Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme

70(stay)andwatch.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)

第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以

下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一

個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

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注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjustbegin.Everyone

wassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandher

paragraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclass

activity;otherswerenervousandanxious.Ihaddonemyselfhomework,but

I