專題5七選五專題突破導學案-高三英語二輪復習

2024年新高考英語二輪復習【突破專案】專題1閱讀理解之七選五【七選五專題突破】1.題型回顧2.近年高考考情3.實用解題妙招4.高考真題再練5.名校好題強化【直擊高考】【學習任務】高考英語七選五題型常見設空位置有_____________、_____________、_____________、__________。你所采用的七選五的解題方法有哪些？七選五丟分原因（知識/技能）：______________B.________________C.________________【近年高考考情】卷別體裁話題命題角度段首/小標題段中段末主旨概括過渡銜接細節(jié)支撐2023新高考全國Ⅰ卷說明文自我寬恕411222023新高考全國Ⅱ卷說明文藝術(shù)之旅的好建議1311222023全國甲卷說明文變得耐心的一些方法2023全國乙卷說明文種植室內(nèi)植物321222022年新高考Ⅰ卷說明文如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴411132022年新高考Ⅱ卷說明文寫文章的技巧141222022年全國甲卷說明文外出就餐時要知道的一些重要事情2022年全國乙卷應用文五種維系異地友誼的方法3112122021年新高考Ⅰ卷記敘文巴黎居住的感受141312021年新高考Ⅱ卷說明文幫助提高閱讀速度的建議1221222021年全國甲卷說明文舊衣服的分類和處理2021年全國乙卷說明文使自己在宴會上變得有趣2211222020·全國卷I說明文自我接納的小技巧2020·全國卷II說明文表情符號以及在工作交流所帶來的優(yōu)勢2020·全國卷III說明文喬遷聚會的目的，禮物的選取，活動安排和名稱的由來。2019·全國卷I說明文新鮮空氣的好處。2019·全國卷II說明文怎樣設定具體目標的一些方法2019·全國卷III說明文在網(wǎng)絡課堂上，如何與教授建立健康的交流模式【實用解題妙招】 利用設空位置、選項句子特點，快解閱讀七選五依據(jù)詞匯線索，巧解閱讀七選五依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，化解閱讀七選五一依據(jù)設空位置、句子特點線索典例（2023·新高考I卷37題）...Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday....A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日記或紙上寫上“個人優(yōu)點”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個性中的優(yōu)點。選項B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點)”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點。故選B。典例（2022·新高考I卷36題）FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___36___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)petition.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.根據(jù)前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”O(jiān)nereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉?！?”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和別人一起訓練，你會更努力。)”符合上下文語境。故選C。典例（2021·新高考Ⅱ卷16題）Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.____16____A.Stoptohavearestnowandthen.B.Spendafewminuteslookingthroughthebook.C.Thisdependsonthetypeofbookyouarereading.D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtolearnsomethingbyheart.G.Keeptheroomcoolratherthanwarmtoavoidfeelingsleepy.根據(jù)上文“Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyoureadprobablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealforstudy,youwillappreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.（如果你唯一的閱讀是小說或雜志，那么你閱讀的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必須大量閱讀來學習，你就會感激能夠更快地閱讀的好處。）”可知，接下來要介紹提高閱讀速度的方法。D項：Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.（這里有一些幫助提高閱讀速度的建議。）符合語境。故選D。典例（2022·全國乙卷39題）·Practiseempathy(共情)___38___.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakedaytodaymunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.A.RememberimportantdatesB.pensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofmunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【38題詳解】下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriendwholeft”和“theonewhowasleftbehind”分別對應下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”和“Thefriendwhoisremaining”，所以G項符合題意。故選G項。【39題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.”（周年紀念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項。小結(jié)：看設空位置定“句形”。1.小標題處設空，所選句子與其他小標題形式一致；2.列舉要點的文章，第一段末尾設空常選____________開頭的句子；3.段首題常選_________句，概括段落中心，或者承上啟下；4.注意排比句二依據(jù)詞匯線索技巧1代詞指代（2023·新高考I卷39題）Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談談是什么讓你們每個人都與眾不同，以及你們個性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習)”符合語境，C項中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時選項C和下文“Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.(事實上，不要等到你犯了錯誤才去嘗試這個——這是一個在任何時候都能增強自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故選C。（2023·全國甲卷17題）●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學的研究員葉麗說：“表達感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力?！?”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。小結(jié)：英語表達中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的________或__________概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的__________差異可以準確而快速地解題。技巧2同義詞/近義詞（2023·新高考I卷40題）It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學習，而是從他們的錯誤中學習，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實是，這是真的)”可知，作者認為人是從錯誤中學習。選項G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語境，G項中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學習，錯誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過錯誤來成長。故選G。（2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷18題）Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.___18___Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Weletotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.A.Getoutofyourfortzone.B.Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C.Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D.Shareyourworkifyoufeelfortabledoingso.E.You’llhitroadblocks,andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F.Evaluateyourperformanceand,ifneeded,redefineyourrole.G.You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlyeswithrepetition.分析設空處，空處位于第二句，此處應是對前一句的進一步解釋，并同時引出后文，根據(jù)前文“Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.(不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己，嘗試新事物)”以及后文“Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.(藝術(shù)的成長可能會有點痛苦)”可知，A項“Getoutofyourfortzone.(走出你的舒適區(qū))”是對前句的進一步說明，和后文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系。故選A項。小結(jié)：英語前言后語之間往往有___________、____________、____________的重復使用，這是我們解題的一個很好的判斷線索。技巧3同疇詞（2022年全國乙卷36.39.40題）...·SetaregulardateLonglastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.___36___....·___39___Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakedaytodaymunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone___40___,butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendfacetofacetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.pensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.FriendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofmunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind【36題詳解】上文“Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.”（平日繁忙，很難抽出時間打。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打，D項“盡量找個雙方都有空的時間去打，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打這個問題的方法，符合題意。故選D項?！?9題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標題。下文“Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlongdistancefriendships.”（周年紀念日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀念日和生日等重要的日子對于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項?！?0題詳解】設空處所在句子的后半句“butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.”（但是異地友誼——甚至是關(guān)系親密的友誼——可能需要更加自覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設空處形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項“朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句“requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)折，而且其中的“socialmedia”呼應了該段的小標題“Don’trelyontechnologyalone”（不要僅僅依賴技術(shù)）中的“technology”。故選F項。小結(jié)：上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者_________了后者，或可以說后者是前者的一個子集。利用前后句中這樣的特殊的同義關(guān)系常?？梢院茌p松地解題技巧4詞語復現(xiàn)（2023·新高考I卷40題）It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.(大多數(shù)人不是從他們的成功中學習，而是從他們的錯誤中學習，這是陳詞濫調(diào)。但事實是，這是真的)”可知，作者認為人是從錯誤中學習。選項G“Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.(不管你犯了什么錯誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合語境，G項中的“isn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality”和空后內(nèi)容“We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.(我們一直在改變和學習，錯誤是一種積極的發(fā)展和成長的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯錯并不是性格中固有的一面，我們是通過錯誤來成長。故選G。（2023全國甲卷19.20題）●___19___.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“___20___.”You’llthengraduallybeemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我們中的許多人都認為舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，當我們經(jīng)歷舒適區(qū)之外的事情時，我們會對環(huán)境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒適是我們唯一能容忍的狀態(tài)，結(jié)合前文的小標題都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨與接受不舒適相關(guān)，C選項中unfortable對應后文fortable。故C選項“接受不舒服”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你應該學會對自己說……)”以及后文“You’llthengraduallybeemorepatient.(然后你會逐漸變得更有耐心)”結(jié)合本段主要說明的是不舒服的狀態(tài)，可知，本句為對自己所說的話與接受不舒服相關(guān)，故F選項“這僅僅是不舒服，而不是無法忍受”符合語境，故選F。（2022·新高考I卷39.40題）...Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbeemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【39題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的號碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefityourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbeemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會受益——你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。)”可知，要學會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。小結(jié)：作者或說話人在談論某個話題或主題時，與主題相關(guān)的詞語必定會以原詞、同義詞或近義詞等形式在上下文中重復出現(xiàn)，這種現(xiàn)象叫詞語復現(xiàn)。同一個詞的重復出現(xiàn)叫原詞復現(xiàn)；以同義詞的形式重復出現(xiàn)，叫同義復現(xiàn)；以近義詞或近義表達(意思相近，表達方式不同)的形式重復出現(xiàn)，叫近義復現(xiàn)；以詞義相同而詞性不同的形式重復出現(xiàn)，叫同根復現(xiàn)。還有上義詞與下義詞的復現(xiàn)(adult是teacher,parent的上義詞，而teacher,parent就是adult的下義詞)。三依據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系因果關(guān)系（2021·新高考I卷36題）MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.Sothefirstthingwedidwasrentafantasticallyexpensivesixthfloorapartmentthesizeofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.A.Notallthecustomersaretourists.B.ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequallyexcellent.C.Therewasanicekitchenandafortablebed.D.Theamazingfoodismainlyconsumedbylocalfarmers.E.That’snottheonlyreasontheFrencheatlessthanwedo.F.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittomakeyouhappy.考查段中空。解題語句：前后句。分析題目可知，空后的So表明該空與空后句為因果邏輯關(guān)系，又根據(jù)空前句作者夫婦在法國度過了一周，可知，他們的目的是想體驗法國當?shù)厝说纳?，所以他們租了一間公寓。故選F。在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來進一步確認答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有asaresult結(jié)果，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此……以至于等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（2021年1月八省聯(lián)考16題）Apps(shortforapplications)arebeingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,municatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.____16____Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.A.Iremendit.B.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C.No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E.Probablynot,sowhydosoinyournewlanguage?F.Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.根據(jù)上文“Apps(shortforapplications)arebeingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit’skeepingfit,municatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.(如今，應用程序正變得越來越流行，這是有原因的。他們可以在你生活的方方面面幫助你，無論是保持健康，與朋友交流，甚至是學習一門語言)”以及后文“Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.(以下是你在一款語言學習應用程序之前應該考慮的事情)”可知，上文提到了應用程序的好處，后文則提到在之前應該考慮一些事情，故本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明需要知道如何正確使用應用程序才能真正受益。G選項中them指代上文Apps。故G選項“然而，你需要知道如何正確地使用它們才能真正受益”符合語境，故選G。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：however然而等。例證關(guān)系（2023全國甲卷16題）TricksToBeingAPatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveinmon?There’soneanswer.___16___.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveinmon?There’soneanswer.(這里有一個謎語：交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期開始有什么共同之處？答案只有一個)”可知，本句說明上文謎語答案，結(jié)合“交通堵塞、排長隊和等待假期”這些情況可知都需要耐心。故G選項“在這些情況下，我們都需要一點額外的耐心”符合語境，故選G。前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過程無非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點）和推理（從觀點到例子）。遞進關(guān)系（2023全國甲卷17題）...●Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.___17___.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheunfortableD.AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyunfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience根據(jù)上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有很多好處：研究表明，感恩讓我們更快樂，壓力更小，甚至更樂觀)”以及后文““Showingthankfulnesscanfosterselfcontrol,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州大學的研究員葉麗說：“表達感激可以培養(yǎng)自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的諸多好處，可知本句繼續(xù)說明感恩的好處：它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心。E選項中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E選項“它還可以幫助我們練習更多的耐心”符合語境，故選E。遞進關(guān)系主要指英語行文中后句對前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的層進關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個遞進的句子。表示遞進關(guān)系的連詞有：also也,而且,further另外(的),furthermore而且，此外等。平列關(guān)系（2022年新高考Ⅱ卷16題）Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.___16___Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaperThenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect....Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F.Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriplespace.空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.(當你第一次想寫一篇文章的時候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學會不間斷地寫，D選項“Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.(首先，學習不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。常見邏輯關(guān)系表示列舉關(guān)系的有：firstly第一,首先secondly第二,thirdly第三inthefirstplace第一，首先foronething首先等。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如however,but,although,though,while,instead,等表示因果關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如so,therefore,hence,consequently,then,thus等表示解釋關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如inotherwords，infact,forexample,actually等表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如also,besides,inadditionto,whatismore,inaddition,等表示比較關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如similarly,like,likewise,inthesameway,equally等表示對照關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand等表示總結(jié)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞如sofar,altogether,overall,inshort,tosumup等【高考真題再練】 【名校好題強化】二輪復習新坐標針對性訓練（一）【學生用書P117】+（二）【學生用書121】真題專區(qū)：練真題，明方向；練技巧，提能力；練速度，提分數(shù)！01（2023·新高考I卷）PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman.36Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.38Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.39Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don’twaituntilyou’vemadeamistaketotrythis—it’sagreatwaytoboostselfconfidenceatanytime.It’ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it’strue.40We’reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleselfforgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn’tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat’shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn’tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.C20.G【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章鼓勵人們練習自我寬恕，并提供了一個簡單的寫作練習來增強自信。通過列出個人的優(yōu)點和善良的行為，人們可以學會原諒自己的錯誤，并從中成長。【16題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon’tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯)ishuman.(為錯誤承擔責任是積極的一步，但不要因此而自責。人孰能無過)”可知，作者認為人都會犯錯，勇于承擔責任固然重要，但是也不要因此而過于自責。結(jié)合空后“Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.(你可以使用下面的寫作練習來幫助你做到這一點)”中的“dothis”以及下文內(nèi)容可推斷，空處應該內(nèi)容和“不要太自責”相似。選項D“It’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.(寬恕自己也同樣重要)”與“不要太自責”語意相近，起承上啟下的作用。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”(在日記或紙上寫上“個人優(yōu)點”)”以及空后內(nèi)容“Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon’thavetobeworldchanging,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou’reproudof.(你有愛心嗎？有創(chuàng)造力嗎？你慷慨嗎？是一個好的傾聽者？與人相處很有趣嗎？它們不一定要改變世界，只要你個性中讓你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空處指的是列出一些你個性中的優(yōu)點。選項B“Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.(現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡的自己身上的特點)”符合上下文內(nèi)容，下文內(nèi)容具體解釋那些是優(yōu)點。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.”O(jiān)nthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou’vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.(在第二頁的頂部，寫上“善舉”的標題。在這張單子上，列出你為別人做過的所有積極的事情。它可能是當你幫助朋友做作業(yè)的時候，當你沒有被要求卻主動熨衣服的時候，或者當你在家人累了一天之后烤餅干的時候)”可知，本段主要講述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。選項F“Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.(不管是什么，不管它看起來有多小，都要把它寫下來)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都記下來。故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.(這樣，你們就可以交換意見，談談是什么讓你們每個人都與眾不同，以及你們個性中閃光的方面)”可知，空處提到了某種方式，這種方式會使得你和朋友們一起交換意見等。選項C“Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.(他們甚至可能想試一試做練習)”符合語境，C項中的“they”與空前的“Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.(你可以讓朋友或家人幫你增加你的列表內(nèi)容。)”中的“afriendorfamilymember”保持一致，同時選項C和下文“Inf