遼寧省葫蘆島市高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）

遼寧省葫蘆島市2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）考生注意：1.試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.本考試分設(shè)試卷和答題紙。試卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷兩部分。3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上按要求填寫信息，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。作答必須涂或?qū)懺诖痤}紙上，在試卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必須涂在答題紙上相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必須寫在答題紙上與試卷題號對應(yīng)的位置。第Ⅰ卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisBobnow?A.InTokyo.B.InParis.C.InNewYork.2.Whatdoesthemanplantodohere?A.Tutorastudent.B.Haveameeting.C.Prepareforalecture.3.WhatisTomdoing?A.Makingamodelplane.B.Playingputergames.C.Organizingapetition.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whentovisitthecity.B.Whichpostcardtopick.C.WhattobuyforJim'ssister.5.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shemissedherbus.B.Shelosthercellphone.C.Shecan'tfindherchild.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whatmakesthemanexcited?A.Apayrise.B.Avacation.C.Apromotion.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Friends.C.Acouple.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewomantodo?A.Repairherbike.B.Takesomepictures.C.Teachherbasketball.9.Whatwillthewomantake?A.Aguitar.B.AniPad.C.Acellphone.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10.WhatisJason'sfavoritesubjectnow?A.Math.B.Science.C.History.11.WhoisgoingtolearnChinese?A.Marisa.B.Jean.C.Jason.12.HowdoesTonyfindhistory?A.boring.B.Interesting.C.Difficult.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Visitsickkids.B.Gotoseeadoctor.C.Collecthospitalstories.14.Whenwillthewomangotothehospital?A.At7:00.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.15.Whatdoesthemanvolunteertodo?A.Cleanupcityparks.B.Keeporderatthestation.C.Helppolicemenwiththetraffic.16.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17.InwhichmonthistheSeaWorldclosed?A.February.B.March.C.April.18.Wherecanvisitorsseetheshortfilmaboutthesea?A.Inthehalls.B.Inthediningroom.C.IntheVisitorCenter.19.Whatisthechildren'sfavoriteshow?A.Thewhaleshow.B.Theturtleshow.C.Thedolphinshow.20.Howmuchisaticketfora6yearoldkid?A.￥60.B.￥80.C.￥160.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AGreatActivitiesforNatureLoversHikingOneoftheeasiestandmostaccessiblewaystogetclosetonatureisbysettingoutonagoodoldfashionedhike.Hikinggenerallydoesn’trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.Thisactivitycanbeasrelaxingasyoumakeit.BackcountryCampingWhylimityourselftojustadayhikewhenyoucanhaveafullweekend(orlonger)adventure?Backcountrycampinginvolvespackingyourtent,sleepinggear,food,andwateronyourbacktosetupcampinaremotelocation.Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerandcamper,thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness.MountainandRoadBikingUnlikelonghikesthroughthewoods,bikingallowsyoutocovermoregroundandtravelfartherinnature.Mountainbikingtypicallyinvolvesridingupanddownsteepslopes,betweentrees,andoverrocks.Ifthissoundstoointenseoryourtiresaren’tsuitedforruggedterrain,considertakingaroadbikeonpavedtrailsthroughforestpreservesoralongcountryroads.GardeningContrarytopopularbelief,youdon’thavetotravelbeyondyourownbackyardtoexperiencethebeautyofnatureeveryday.Ifyourpersonalityislessadventurousoryourmobilityrestricted,considerplantingagardentogrowyourownvegetables,fruits,herbs,orflowers.There’ssomethingtrulysatisfyingaboutmixingupasaladwithfreshingredientsyougrewyourself.Oneofthebestpartsaboutspendingtimeinnatureisthatitdoesn’thavetobreakyourbudgetandanyonecandoit.1.Whatdoeshikingneedforhikers?A.Aworldmap. B.Astrongdesire.C.Practicalskills. D.Necessaryequipment.2.Wherewillyougotoshowyoursurvivalpotentialinthewild?A.Toabackyard. B.Toaforest.C.Toamountain. D.Toadistantplace.3.Whichofthefollowingcantakeyoutotravelfarthest?A.Hiking B.BackcountryCampingC.Gardening. D.MountainandRoadBiking【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾種親近大自然的戶外活動。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Hikinggenerallydoesn’trequireanyfancyequipmentorspecialskills,justapieceofmapandathirstforadventure.”（徒步旅行一般不需要任何花哨的設(shè)備或特殊技能，只要一張地圖和對冒險(xiǎn)的渴望。），可知徒步旅行需要對冒險(xiǎn)強(qiáng)烈的欲望。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Backcountrycampinginvolvespackingyourtent,sleepinggear,food,andwateronyourbacktosetupcampinaremotelocation.Ifyou’reanexperiencedhikerandcamper,thisisanexcellentwaytotestyoursurvivalskillsandexplorethewilderness.”（野外露營包括在你的背上打包你的帳篷，睡具，食物和水去一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地方露營。如果你是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的徒步旅行者和野營者，這是一個(gè)測試你的生存技能和探索荒野的好方法。），可知在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的地方可以展示你在野外生存的潛力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Unlikelonghikesthroughthewoods,bikingallowsyoutocovermoregroundandtravelfartherinnature.”（與穿越森林的長途遠(yuǎn)足不同，騎自行車可以讓你在大自然中經(jīng)過更多的土地和走更遠(yuǎn)的距離。），可推斷出山地和公路自行車旅行可以讓你旅行到很遠(yuǎn)的地方。故選D項(xiàng)。BChinaisoneofthefirstcountriestobreedamedicalculture.InparisonwithWesternmethods,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)adoptsavastlydifferentapproach.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinfightingallsortsofdiseases,thereforeformingauniquemedicaltheoryundertheguidanceofancientChinesephilosophies(哲學(xué)).ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence(結(jié)果)ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(針刺療法)meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial(表面的)structuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYinYangbalance.Itisoftenacpaniedbymoxibustion(艾灸療法),whichinvolvesburningmugwortonorneartheskinatanacupoint.ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.AndTCMisgraduallygainingworldwiderecognition.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.In2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionoftraditionalChinesemedicinewereaddedtotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybytheUNESCO.Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.4.WhatisthekeyfeatureofTCM?A.Itadoptsdifferentmedicalapproaches. B.It'sbasedonancientChinesephilosophies.C.Ithelpstorestorebody'sselfbalance. D.It'sgainedexperiencethroughrichpractice.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanonfromthetext?A.Itdistinguishesacupuncturefrommoxibustion.B.It'safoundationofworldmedicalresearch.C.itstressestheimportanceofusingacupoints.D.ItgreatlycontributestothedevelopmentofTCM.6.Whydoesthewriterwritethistext?A.ToreviewthedevelopmentofTCM. B.TointroduceTCMtotheworld.C.TotellTCMandWesternmedicineapart. D.ToargueforTCMinfightingCOVID19.7.Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthetext?A.HowTCMhelpsinthecurrentsituation. B.WhyTCMisgainingpopularity.C.WhyTCMgetsrecognitionfromWHO. D.HowothercountriesadoptTCM.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了，中國傳統(tǒng)的中醫(yī)文化，它與西醫(yī)不同，有著獨(dú)特的理論和治療體系，針灸引起了國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)注。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence(結(jié)果)ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.”（中醫(yī)學(xué)的核心是人體的生命是陰陽平衡的結(jié)果。陽的功能是保護(hù)我們免受外界的傷害，而陰是儲存和提供能量的內(nèi)在基礎(chǔ)。當(dāng)這兩方面的平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會生病。）和第三段中的“OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(針刺療法)meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial(表面的)structuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYinYangbalance.”（針灸是中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)之一，是指將針頭插入身體的淺表結(jié)構(gòu)，通常在穴位處恢復(fù)陰陽平衡。），可知身體陰陽平衡被打破時(shí)，人們就會生病，而中醫(yī)（例如針灸）的核心就是通過中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的自我平衡，達(dá)到陰陽平衡。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段“ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.”（已知的第一個(gè)明確提到針灸之類的東西的著作是《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》。它是中醫(yī)學(xué)最早、最重要的著作，被認(rèn)為是我國最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作。），可知《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》是我國最基本、最具代表性的醫(yī)學(xué)著作，說明《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》在中國醫(yī)學(xué)史上占有重要地位，肯定也為后來中醫(yī)的發(fā)展提供了基礎(chǔ)，為中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段引入“不同于西醫(yī)的中國醫(yī)學(xué)——中醫(yī)學(xué)”，第二段講“中醫(yī)的核心就是通過中醫(yī)技巧恢復(fù)身體的陰陽平衡”，第三段講“中醫(yī)傳統(tǒng)技藝——針灸”，第四段講“為中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)的著作《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》”，第五段講“針灸已引起國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣，中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可”，可知文章主要向讀者介紹了中醫(yī)，因此作者寫這篇文章的目的是向世界介紹中醫(yī)藥。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.”（針灸已引起國際醫(yī)學(xué)界的興趣。中醫(yī)藥正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可。世衛(wèi)組織在2002年發(fā)布了一份文件，呼吁180多個(gè)國家在其醫(yī)療政策中采用中醫(yī)藥作為替代品。）和“Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.”（目前，中醫(yī)藥因其在提高COVID19治愈率方面的有效性而重新成為新聞，自從COVID19在2020年1月爆發(fā)。），可知中醫(yī)藥的價(jià)值正逐漸得到世界的認(rèn)可，而中醫(yī)藥在提高COVID19治愈率方面的有效性更佐證了它的價(jià)值，文章接下來可能就中醫(yī)如何幫助解決目前的情況來展開。故選A項(xiàng)。CItusedtobemostlythemilitarythatusedsmall,unpilotedaircraft,called"drones".Thelittleplaneswereverycostly.Butastheyhavedroppedinpricemorepeoplehavebeguntousethem.Rescueworkersandfarmersareamongthenewusers.Thefastrateofthedevelopmentofputertechnology,imagesensingdevices,satellitenavigationandsmartphoneshasledtolowerpriceddrones.Researchersanddevelopershavelearnedhowtobuildsmallerandlesscostlydrones,Moviemakersareusingdronestofilmfromthesky.Historiansusethemwhentheyexploreancientbuildings.Rescueworkersusethemtolookforpeople.Andnowfarmersareusingthemtowatchovertheircrops.RomainFarouxisaFrenchbusinessmanwhostartspanies.Hisfatherwasafarmer.Hebelieveddronescouldhelpfarmers.Hehelpedcreateapanythatdevelopedasmalldronethatcouldbecontrolledbypeopleontheground.Theycalledit"Agridrone".Itusesaspecial"opticalsensor"toexaminecrops.Thetechnologyusedissimilartothatusedbysmartphonesexceptithaswings.Aputerprogramdirectsthedronetoflyoverthecrops.Thesensoronthedronerecordsfourdifferentcolored"bands"ofsunlightthatarereflectedoffthecrops.JeanBaptisteBruggemanisafarmer.Hesaysthedronefliesoverhiscropsatdifferenttimesoftheseason.Hesaysthisprovidesalotofinformationabouthiscrops.Thedronepicturesshowhimtheexactamountoffertilizerthecropsneed.Italsoshowsexactlywherethefertilizerisneeded.RomainFarouxsaysfarmersuseinformationcollectedbytheAgridronetoplacefertilizeronlyinareaswhereitwasneeded.Thissavesmoneyandreducespollution.Beforetheyusedthedrones,farmerswouldputthesameamountoffertilizereverywhere.Dronesalsosavetimebecausefarmerscanexamineuptothreehectareinaboutaminute.8.Whydorescueworkersandfarmersbegintousedrones?A.Dronescanmonitortheircattle. B.Drones'priceshavedropped.C.Dronescanhelpthemgetmorebusiness. D.Drones'sizesbeesmaller.9.WhatcanthedronesdevelopedbyRomainFarour'spanydo?A.Exploreancientbuildings. B.Putfertilizeronthecrops.C.Helpfarmersexaminetheircrops. D.Helprescueworkerslookforpeople.10.Whatcanthesensoronthedronedo?A.Helpthesunlightshinethecrops. B.Directtheplanetoflyoverthecrop.C.Examinethedifferentcolorsofthe. D.Recordthesunlightreflectedoffthecrops.11.Accordingtothetext,theuseofthedroneis_________.A.environmentfriendly B.wasteful C.costly D.safe【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。無人機(jī)曾是軍方專用的飛行器，但是現(xiàn)在它被應(yīng)用于越來越多的領(lǐng)域。文章介紹了一位法國商人創(chuàng)建了一家公司，開發(fā)了一種可以由地面人員控制的小型無人機(jī)，可以幫助法國農(nóng)民檢查莊稼，同時(shí)這種無人機(jī)還可以給農(nóng)民提供施肥信息，更加環(huán)保?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butastheyhavedroppedinpricemorepeoplehavebeguntousethem.Rescueworkersandfarmersareamongthenewusers.(但隨著價(jià)格的下降，越來越多的人開始使用它們。救援人員和農(nóng)民都是新用戶)”可知，救援人員和農(nóng)民開始使用無人機(jī)，是因?yàn)闊o人機(jī)的價(jià)格下降了。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hehelpedcreateapanythatdevelopedasmalldronethatcouldbecontrolledbypeopleontheground.Theycalledit"Agridrone".Itusesaspecial"opticalsensor"toexaminecrops.(他幫助創(chuàng)建了一家公司，該公司開發(fā)了一種可以由地面人員控制的小型無人機(jī)。他們稱之為“農(nóng)業(yè)無人機(jī)”。它使用一種特殊的“光學(xué)傳感器”來檢測農(nóng)作物)”可知，RomainFarour公司研發(fā)的無人機(jī)能幫助農(nóng)民檢查他們的莊稼。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesensoronthedronerecordsfourdifferentcolored"bands"ofsunlightthatarereflectedoffthecrops.(無人機(jī)上的傳感器記錄農(nóng)作物反射的四種不同顏色的“波段”陽光)”可知，無人機(jī)上的傳感器能記錄農(nóng)作物反射的陽光。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“RomainFarouxsaysfarmersuseinformationcollectedbytheAgridronetoplacefertilizeronlyinareaswhereitwasneeded.Thissavesmoneyandreducespollution.Beforetheyusedthedrones,farmerswouldputthesameamountoffertilizereverywhere.Dronesalsosavetimebecausefarmerscanexamineuptothreehectareinaboutaminute.(RomainFaroux說，農(nóng)民利用農(nóng)業(yè)無人機(jī)收集的信息，只在需要化肥的地方施肥。這節(jié)省了資金，減少了污染。在使用無人機(jī)之前，農(nóng)民會在各地撒同樣數(shù)量的肥料。無人機(jī)還可以節(jié)省時(shí)間，因?yàn)檗r(nóng)民可以在大約一分鐘內(nèi)檢查三公頃的土地)”可推知，無人機(jī)的使用是環(huán)保的。故選A。DAcrossBritain,burnttoastwillbeservedtomothersinbedthismorningasoldersonsanddaughtersrushtodelivertheirsupermarketbunchesofflowers.But,accordingtoanewstudy,weshouldbeplacingahighervalueonmotherhoodallyear.Mothershavelongknownthattheirhomeworkloadwasjustasheavyaspaidwork.Now,thenewstudyhasshownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas$172,000ayear.Thestudylookedattherangeofjobsmothersdo,aswellasthehourstheyareworking,todeterminethefigure.Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyine$30,000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns.Byanalysingthenumbers,itfoundtheaveragemotherworks119hoursaweek,40ofwhichwouldusuallybepaidatastandardrateand79hoursasovertime.Afterquestioning1,000motherswithchildrenunder18,itfoundthat,onmostdays,mumsstartedtheirroutineworkat7amandfinishedataround11pm.Tocalculatejusthowmuchmotherswouldearnfromthatlabour,itsuggestedsomeoftherolesthatmumscouldtakeon,includinghousekeeper,parttimelawyer,personaltrainerandentertainer.Beingaparttimelawyer,at￡48.98anhour,wouldprovetobethemostprofitableofthe“mumjobs”,withpsychologist(心理學(xué)家)aclosesecond.Italsoaskedmothersaboutthechallengestheyface,with80percentmakingemotionaldemandasthehardestthingaboutmotherhood.Overathirdof.mumsfelttheyneededmoretrainingandaroundhalfsaidtheymissedgoingoutwithfriends.ThestudyshowsmothersmatterallyearlongandnotjustonMother’sDay.Theemotional,physicalandmentalenergymothersdevotetotheir,childrencanbeneverending,butchildrenarealsosourcesofgreatjoyandhappiness.Investing(投入)intimeforparentingandraisingrelationshipsismoneywellspent.12.HowmuchwouldamotherearnayearifworkingasthePrimeMinister?A.￡30,000. B.￡142,000.C.￡172,000. D.￡202,000.13.Thebiggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom.A.emotionaldemand B.lowpayforworkC.heavyworkload D.lackoftraining14Whatisstressedinthelastparagraph?A.Mothers’importanceshowsinfamilyallyearlong.B.Thesacrificesmothersmakearehugebutworthwhile.C.Mothers’devotiontochildrencanhardlybecalculated.D.Investingtimeinparentingwouldbringafinancialreturn.15.Whatcanweconcludefromthestudy?A.Mothers，workinghoursshouldbelargelyreduced.B.Mothersshouldbalancetheirtimeforworkandrest.C.Mothers’labourisofahighervaluethanitisrealised.D.Mothersshouldbefreedfromhouseworkforsociallife.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。母親是偉大的，人們對母親的重視不應(yīng)該只局限于在母親節(jié)這天給母親買鮮花禮物上。調(diào)查表明母親在日常生活中的付出如果用錢來支付的話她們能掙到多達(dá)每年￡172,000，所以人們要尊重母親，要每天都感恩母親。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段thenewstudyhasshownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas￡172,000ayear.現(xiàn)在，新的研究表明，如果他們的父母工作得到報(bào)酬，他們一年能掙172，000美元。和第三段Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyine￡30,000morethanthePrimeMinisterearns.這將使他們的年收入比首相多3萬英鎊?？芍偫淼墓べY應(yīng)該是￡172,000￡30,000=￡142,000，故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段Italsoaskedmothersaboutthechallengestheyface,with80percentmakingemotional(情感的)demandasthehardestthingaboutmotherhood.可知，調(diào)查還詢問了母親們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，80%的人認(rèn)為情感需求是做母親最大的需求。所以大多數(shù)母親面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是來自情感的需求，故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段Theemotional,physicalandmentalenergymothersdevotetotheir,childrencanbeneverending,butchildrenarealsosourcesofgreatjoyandhappiness.Investing(投入)intimeforparentingandraisingrelationshipsismoneywellspent.可知，母親為孩子們付出的情感、身體和精神上的能量是無窮無盡的，但孩子們也是巨大的快樂和幸福的源泉。把時(shí)間花在養(yǎng)育子女和培養(yǎng)關(guān)系上是值得的，由此判斷出最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)母親做出的犧牲是巨大的，但也是值得的。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Now,thenewstudyhasshownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas$172,000ayear.現(xiàn)在，新的研究表明，如果他們的父母工作得到報(bào)酬，他們一年能掙172，000美元?，F(xiàn)在，新的研究表明，如果他們的父母工作得到報(bào)酬，他們一年能掙172，000美元。根據(jù)第四段Byanalysingthenumbers,itfoundtheaveragemotherworks119hoursaweek,40ofwhichwouldusuallybepaidatastandardrateand79hoursasovertime.Afterquestioning1,000motherswithchildrenunder18,itfoundthat,onmostdays,mumsstartedtheirroutineworkat7amandfinishedataround11pm.通過分析這些數(shù)字，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，母親平均每周工作119小時(shí)，其中40小時(shí)通常按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工資支付，79小時(shí)為加班費(fèi)。調(diào)查了1000名18歲以下的母親后發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)情況下，母親早上7點(diǎn)開始日常工作，晚上11點(diǎn)左右結(jié)束。由此推斷出母親的勞動價(jià)值比人們想象的要高。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Misinformationcanspreadthroughphonetextsandsocialmediaasfastasavirus,sometimesevenfaster.___16___?Herearesomeofthemosteffectivestepstoidentifyandstopit.Checkthesource___17___.Itiswhymisinformationtravelsfastonsocialmedia,whereeveryonesaystheyhearditfromafriendofafriend.Becarefulofsuchhearsaysandrefertosuchreliablesourcesasgovernmentagenciesortrustednewspaperwebsitesbeforeitcanbetakenseriously.Also,becarefulofinformationfromunknownorlittleknowngroupsornewsorganizations.___18___Anyonesearchingfortrueinformationneedstoactalittlelikeareporter.Rememberthereisadifferencebetweennewsandstories.Newsshouldbesupportedbyevidencetobedependable.___19___.Picturesaresaidtobeworthathousandwords.Butevenphotographscanbeeditedandchanged.Evenuntouchedimagescanbefalse.Forexample,oldimagescanbepresentedasnew.Again,ithelpstolookforthesource.Google'simagesearchcanhelpfindwhereaphotocamefrom.DonotimmediatelyrepostwhatyouseeA2018Twitterstudyfoundthatfalsenewstravelsfasterthanrealnews,oftenmuchfaster.Thatisbecausethesestoriesoftenuselanguagedesignedtocreatestrongemotionalreaction.___20___.ItisalsofoundthatmisinformationspreadsquicklybecausepeopleretweetstoriesbasedonheadlinesSoreadthewholestory,investigatethesourceandconsidercarefullybeforerepostingtopreventthespreadoffalseinformation.A.ActlikeajournalistB.HowtosearchfortrueinformationC.AlsobecarefulthatevenimagescanlieD.HowcanweseparatewhatistrueandwhatisnotE.TheyalwaysseektoconnectwithpublicfearorangerF.EmotionalreactionplaysnopartwhenpeoplepostinformationG.Humannaturemakesusmorelikelytobelievethingsourfriendstellus【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.C20.E【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)識別虛假網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息并阻斷其傳播的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Misinformationcanspreadthroughphonetextsandsocialmediaasfastasavirus,sometimesevenfaster.(虛假網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息在短信和社交媒體上的傳播速度可以和病毒一樣快，有時(shí)甚至更快)”以及后文“Herearesomeofthemosteffectivestepstoidentifyandstopit.(以下是一些最有效的識別并阻斷其傳播的方法)”可知，本句起承上啟下作用，指出該如何區(qū)分真假信息的問題。故D選項(xiàng)“我們怎樣才能區(qū)分什么是真的，什么不是真的呢？”符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itiswhymisinformationtravelsfastonsocialmedia,whereeveryonesaystheyhearditfromafriendofafriend.(在社交媒體上，虛假信息傳播主要是靠朋友間口口相傳，所以傳播得特別快)”可推知，本句是在說明虛假信息通過朋友傳播特別快的原因，故G選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)槿藗儍A向于相信自己的朋友”符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Anyonesearchingfortrueinformationneedstoactalittlelikeareporter.Rememberthereisadifferencebetweennewsandstories.Newsshouldbesupportedbyevidencetobedependable.(任何想要獲得真實(shí)信息的人都需要像記者一樣行動。記住，新聞和故事是有區(qū)別的。新聞必須有證據(jù)支持才能可靠)”可知，這一小節(jié)主要是強(qiáng)調(diào)了受眾應(yīng)該像記者一樣學(xué)會甄別信息中的論據(jù)及圖片等的真實(shí)性，后文中actalittlelikeareporter.與A選項(xiàng)Actlikeajournalist相對應(yīng)。故A選項(xiàng)“像記者一樣行動”符合小標(biāo)題。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Picturesaresaidtobeworthathousandwords.Butevenphotographscanbeeditedandchanged.Evenuntouchedimagescanbefalse.Forexample,oldimagescanbepresentedasnew.(據(jù)說圖片勝過千言萬語。但即使是照片也可以編輯和修改。即使是未經(jīng)編輯的圖像也可能是假的。例如，舊圖像可以作為新圖像顯示)”可知，后文主要說明了圖片也可能傳播錯(cuò)誤信息。后文中images與C選項(xiàng)中images相對應(yīng)。故C選項(xiàng)“還要注意，即使是圖像也會說謊”符合語境。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thatisbecausethesestoriesoftenuselanguagedesignedtocreatestrongemotionalreaction.(這是因?yàn)檫@些故事經(jīng)常使用激發(fā)強(qiáng)烈情感的語言)”可知，本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明使用能夠激發(fā)人們強(qiáng)烈情感的語言的故事所產(chǎn)生的影響，且E選項(xiàng)中They指代上文thesestories。故E選項(xiàng)“它們試圖激發(fā)公眾的恐慌或憤怒”符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ZwickhadbeenflyingfromOrlandotoPhiladelphiawithher11montholddaughterLucyearlierthisweek.Sincethebabysufferedfromlungdisease,thetwoofthemwereheadingtotheChildren'sHospitalofPhiladelphiafor____21____."Iwaspushingasuitcase,hadadiaper(尿布)bagonmyarmandwasalsodragginganoxygenmachineformydaughter,"wroteZwickinanopenFacebook____22____tothepassenger.Astheysatdownontheirseats,however,Zwickwas____23____toseeaflightattendantbyaflightattendantwhosaidamaninfirstclasswantedto____24____seatswithher."Notabletoholdback____25____,Icriedmywayuptheaisle(過道)."wroteZwick."Ismiledandthankedyouasweexchangedbutdidn'tgettothankyou____26____.So…thankyou.Notjustfortheseatitselfbutfor____27____.Forseeingusandrealizingthatmaybethingsarenotalways____28____."Zwick'sFacebookletterwassharedhundredsofthousandsoftimesuntilAmericanAirlinesfinallyfoundthe____29____man:46yearoldJasonKunselman.KunselmansaysthathehimselfwasbroughttotearswhenhesawZwickandLucyboardingtheplanewithalloftheirmedicalequipment."I____30____toseeherinthefrontsinceshehadtheoxygenmachinewithher____31____whenIboardedshewasintheback.SoIaskedtheflightattendantifshethoughttheyoungladywiththebabywouldbemore____32____inmyseat."Kunselmansaysthathedidnotthinkmuchofthegooddeeduntilhiswife____33____Zwick'sFacebookpostdayslater.AmericanAirlineshassince____34____thetwopassengersonsocialmediasotheycouldexpresstheirappreciationforeachother,andtheairlinesaysthattheysoonplanonformallythankingKunselmanforhis____35____behavior.21.A.advice B.help C.support D.treatment22.A.email B.note C.letter D.message23.A.disappointed B.surprised C.nervous D.worried24A.switch B.check C.link D.share25A.laughs B.fears C.voices D.tears26.A.properly B.casually C.immediately D.normal27.A.caring B.helping C.noticing D.respecting28.A.right B.fair C.happy D.easy29.A.brave B.mysterious C.polite D.modest30.A.wanted B.hoped C.expected D.demanded31.A.but B.and C.so D.or32.A.satisfied B.fortable C.difficult D.embarrassed33.A.received B.understood C.saw D.recognized34.A.connected B.greeted C.thanked D.visited35.A.honest B.smart C.careful D.generous【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了46歲的男子JasonKunselman出于好心在飛機(jī)上主動提出將自己頭等艙的位置換給了帶孩子去看病的Zwick，事后Zwick把這件事發(fā)布到了Facebook上，感謝Kunselman。這封Facebook信被分享了數(shù)十萬次，直到美國航空公司最終找到了Kunselman，美國航空公司在社交媒體上聯(lián)系了這兩名乘客，他們互相表達(dá)了感謝之情。美國航空公司表示，他們計(jì)劃很快正式感謝Kunselman的慷慨行為?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于嬰兒患有肺病，他們兩人前往費(fèi)城兒童醫(yī)院接受治療。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.support支持；D.treatment治療。結(jié)合上文“Sincethebabysufferedfromlungdisease,thetwoofthemwereheadingtotheChildren'sHospitalofPhiladelphiafor”可知嬰兒得了肺病，所以是去兒童醫(yī)院治療的。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我推著一個(gè)行李箱，胳膊上挎著一個(gè)尿布袋，還為我女兒拖著一個(gè)氧氣機(jī)，”Zwick在Facebook上給這位乘客公開的信中寫道。A.email郵件；B.note筆記；C.letter信；D.message信息。對應(yīng)后文“Zwick'sFacebookletterwasshared”可知Zwick在Facebook上寫了封信。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)他們坐到座位上時(shí)，Zwick驚訝地聽到一位空乘人員說，頭等艙的一名男子想和她換座位。A.disappointed失望的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.nervous緊張的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)后文可知Zwick與這個(gè)男子并不認(rèn)識，但是男子卻要和Zwick換座位，所以Zwick對此感到驚訝。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)他們坐到座位上時(shí)，Zwick驚訝地聽到一位空乘人員說，頭等艙的一名男子想和她換座位。A.switch切換；B.check檢查；C.link連接；D.share分享。根據(jù)后文“seatswithher”以及“asweexchanged”可知男子是要和Zwick換座位。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Zwick寫道：“我忍不住流下眼淚，一路哭著走過過道?！盇.laughs笑；B.fears害怕；C.voices嗓音；D.tears眼淚。根據(jù)后文“Icriedmywayuptheaisle”可知面對陌生人的好心，Zwick忍不住留下了眼淚。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們交換座位時(shí)，我微笑著感謝你，但我沒有正式地好好地感謝你?！盇.properly適當(dāng)?shù)兀籅.casually隨便地；C.immediately立即；D.normal正常的。結(jié)合上文“Ismiledandthankedyouasweexchangedbutdidn'tgettothankyou”可知Zwick只是在換座位時(shí)，用微笑向?qū)Ψ奖硎玖烁兄x，所以是指沒有好好地正式地給對方道謝，properly符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不只是為了座位本身，而是為了你對我的注意。A.caring關(guān)心；B.helping幫助；C.noticing注意到；D.respecting尊重。對應(yīng)后文“Forseeingus”Zwick為對方注意到了自己的處境而感謝對方。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你看到了我們，意識到我們很不容易。A.right正確的；B.fair公平的；C.happy快樂的；D.easy容易的。對應(yīng)第二段中“Iwaspushingasuitcase,hadadiaperbagonmyarmandwasalsodragginganoxygenmachineformydaughter”Zwick當(dāng)時(shí)拿了很多東西艱難地走過過道，所以是指意識到我們很不容易。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Zwick的這封Facebook信被分享了數(shù)十萬次，直到美國航空公司最終找到了這位神秘男子：46歲的JasonKunselman。A.brave勇敢的；B.mysterious神秘的；C.polite禮貌的；D.modest謙虛的。結(jié)合上文可知Zwick之前并不知道和自己換座位的是誰，直到美國航空公司最終找到了這位神秘男子：46歲的JasonKunselman。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我本來以為會看到她坐在頭等艙，因?yàn)樗龓е鯕鈾C(jī)，但是當(dāng)我登機(jī)時(shí)，看到她坐在后排。A.wanted想要；B.hoped希望；C.expected期待；D.demanded要求。結(jié)合后文“toseeherinthefrontsineshehadtheoxygenmachinewithher”可知，Kunselman看到Zwick帶著氧氣機(jī)，本以為她會去頭等艙坐下。故選C。【31題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我本來以為會看到她坐在頭等艙，因?yàn)樗龓е鯕鈾C(jī)，但是當(dāng)我登機(jī)時(shí)，看到她坐在后排。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.so所以；D.or或者。結(jié)合前后文語境，可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：于是我問空服員，她是否認(rèn)為抱著孩子的年輕女士坐在我的座位上會更舒服。A.satisfied滿意的；B.forta