考博英語范文經(jīng)典十10篇

考博英語范文總結(jié)十篇

一、TelevisionProgramandTheirEffectonchildren

Televisionprogramsregularlyentertain,educate,effectandevenfrightenthe

majorityofourchildren.Mostchildrenareallowedtowatchwhateverprogramison,

withlittlethoughtontheeffectthatparticularshowwillhaveonachild.Most

programscanbeclassedasbeneficialorharmful,accordingtowhateffectthe

programmighthaveonachild.

Thebeneficialtelevisionprogramsaremainlythousethateducatetheyoung.There

areoftenspecialsonanimallife.Afewregularchildren'sprogramsdevelopthe

child'sinterestinschool-typelearningbystressingnumbersandthealphabit,andthat

encourageshimorhertobecreative.Thebeneficialcommercials,suchasthoseon

anti-smoking,anti-litter,andhealth,shouldbeincludedinthiscategory.

Ontheoppositesidearetheshows,whicharegenerallyharmfultochildren.Many

commercials,especiallythosesponsoringthechildren'sprograms,aredeliberately

writtentocreateadesireforanunnecessaryproductsuchassugarcoatedcerealsand

candy.Alladultprogramsthatincludeviolenceorsexscenescanatbestfillachild's

mindwithconfusingormisleadingideas,andcouldpossiblyhardenthechildto

violence.

Thoughtfulparentswilldefinitelynotallowtheirchildrentoviewthebadprograms.

Achild9sviewingtimeshouldbelimitedtowatchingeducationllybenefical

programs.

二、“Theyoungergenerationknowsbest”

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesame

commentsaremadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasnever

beentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmore

moneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotso

dependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccept

theideasoftheirelders.Events,whichtheoldergenerationremembersvividly,are

nothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationis

differentfromtheoneprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhave

beenaroundabitlonger.Theydon'tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestioned

orthreatened.Andthispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningthe

assumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Theytakeleaveto

doubtthattheoldergenerationhascreatedthebestofallpossibleworlds.Whatthey

rejectmorethananythingisconformity.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmore

thanenforcedslavery.Wouldn'tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencomplete

freedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenin

theworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweturnourmindsto

moreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthrough

conventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whosaidthathumandifferencescanbest

besolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whosaidthathuman

differencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?

Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolventheirproblems?Why

aretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmean

ambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananything

berightwiththerat-race?Haven'ttheoldlosttouchwithallthatisimportantin

life?

Therearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordover

thepastfortyyearsorsohasn'tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghave

turnedtotheireldersforguilance.Today,thesituationmightreversed.Theold-if

theyarepreparedtoadmitit—couldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneof

thebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisa

principleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyour

workandenjoyyourleisuretoshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongto

liveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentis

onlytobeexpressedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb:

theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebe

surprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthat

bequeathedit?

三、HowtoSolvetheHousingProbleminBigCities

Withthedevelopmentofmodernindustryu,moreandmorepeopleareflowinginto

bigcities.Accordingly,thehousingprobleminbigcitiesisbecomingmoreandmore

serious.

Peoplehaveofferedmanysolutionstothisproblem.Ithinkbuildingsatellitecities

inthesuburbsismorepractical.Thefreshairandbeautifulsecneryinthesuburbswill

beappealingtothecitycitizens,whosufferfromairpollution,noises,etc.inthe

overcrowdedcity.Withmorepeopleleavingthecity,morespacewillbeavailablefor

thoseremaining.Thehousinmgprobleminbigcitieswillthusbesolved.

四、PublicTransportation

Aspartofdomesticmodernization,publictransportationneedstobedeveloped

urgentlyinChina.Icanillustratesomeexamples.

Theredoesnotonlyexistserioustrafficjamsbutalsocrowdedbuses,underground

andrailways.Commutersfindithardtogettoworkontimeduetoovercrowded

busesortubes.Travelerscouldhardlygetonbusesinbigcitiesduringweedends

owingtofewerbusesandmorepeople.WhenSpringFestivalisdrawingnear,thereis

muchgreater-ressureonpublictransportationsinceithastodealwithalargenumber

oftravelersrushinghome.Andtravelersneedspecialarrangementstogohome.Ina

word,publictransportationhasbecomebottlenecktotheadvancofChineseeconomy.

Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblems,thedepartmentsconcernedshouldcarry

outthefollowingsteps:tobuildmoreroads,highwaysorrailwaysandtoaddbusesor

trainstotheoriginallines.Buttherfundshavetoberaisedbothfromthegovernment

andthepublic.

Therearethreesourcesforfundraising.Oneistoraisethefaresforallkindsofall

transportationvehicles.Anotheristoincreasethepricesforvariousvehiclesonsale.

Thethirdistoraisethepricesofpetrolanddieseloilinaddtiontothegovernmental

funds.Ifallthismoneytoraisethepricesofpetrolanddieseloilinaddtiontothe

governmentalfunds.Ifallthismoneycollectedisusedtoimprovetransportation

services,thesituationwillbebetteredandfavorable.

Thethirdsteptotakeistointroducenewtechnologyinordertoraisetheefficiency

ofvehicles.Forinstance,thespeedoftrainscanbeincreasedasmuchastwotimesso

thattwotimesasmanypeoplecanbeheld.Inthisway,thepressureonpublic

transportationcanbedramaticallyalleviated.Soinaword,weneedtointroducenew

technologytoraisethespeedofvehicleswhilehavingbuiltevenwiderroadsand

addedmoreefficienttrainsandbuses.

五、HumanEducation

Theotherday,aprofessorfromPekingUniversitygavealecture"Chinese

IntellectualsandWrittenCulturalText”.Inhislecture,heheldthatChinese

intellectualshavelostthewrittenculturaltextsincetheMay4thmovement.His

opinionsetusthinkingthatthelossoftraditionalhumaneeducationresultedina

crisisofculturaleducation.

Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,thelivingstandardoftheChinesepeople

hasimprovedalotintermsofmaterialwealth.Inaperiodwheneconomicstake

priority,peoplepaymoreanedmoreattentiontoprofit.Atpresent,moneymakingand

pleasureseekingarebecomingapopularfashion.Ontheotherhand,thereappearsa

barrenfieldofspiritintoday'ssociety.Ithasbecomeunexpectedlyhardtorebuildthe

paradiseoftraditionalculture.Ideologicalconfusion,moraldeclineandachaotic

culturalmarket,allthisshowsthatitisthehightimetohavesomethingdoneinorder

totackletheproblemofculturalorientation.Ourtimescallforanidealhumane

education.

ItisunwisetodiscardtraditionalChinesecultureasawhole.Someoftheelements

ofthisculturecanbemadeuseofinthereconstructionofourspiritualcivilizaiton

directlyorwit5hsomeadaptation.Ourattitudetowardstraditionshouldbe

"discardingthedrossandselectingtheessence”.Thehumaneeducationofthepast

canserveasasupplementtoourMarxisteducation.Itshouldstartfromprimary

school.Inthisway,ourchildrenwillgeteducatedsoastobepossessedofaperfect

personality.Thenationalmoralewillbedeeplyrootedinpeople'smind,andwillhelp

pushforwardthegrowthofeconomy.

Tosumup,wecanfinditbadlynecessarytobuildupanidealhumaneeducation.

Weshouldfindanefficientwaytodevelopourhumaneeducationanddigout5more

resourcesformtraditionalChineseculture.

六、CriticismonTelevision

Alotofpeoplebelievethattelevisionhasaharmfuleffectonchldren.Afewyears

ago,thesamecriticismsweremadeofthecinema.Butalthoughchildpsychoilogists

havespentagreatdealoftimestudyinghisproblem,thereisnotmuchevidencethat

televisionbringsaboutteenager'scrimes.

Forpeopleinthemodernworldssharetheviewsofparentsahundredyearsago.In

thosedays,writersforchildrencarefullyavoidedanyreferencetosexintheirbooks,

buthadnotinhibitionsaboutincludingscenesofviolence.

Theevidencecollectedsuggests,however,thatneitherthesubject,northeactionin

itselffrightenschildren.Thecontextinwhichcruelyorviolenceoccursismuchmore

important.

Agoodguidetowhatispsychologicallyhealthyforasmallchildistherefore

providedbyatelevisionseriesinwhichaboyandagirlaresupposedtobeexploring

distantplanetswiththeirparents.Ineachstory,theyencounterstrangemonstersand

findthemselvesindangeroussituationsbuttheparentsarereassuringandsensible,as

achild'spaprentsshouldbeinreallife.Thereisanadultcharacterwhoisacoward

andliar,butboththechildrenarebraveand,ofcourse,everystoryendshappily.

Inmyview,childrenshouldbeexposedtotheproblemsofreallifeassoonas

possible,buttheycannonthelpseeingthesethroughnewsprograms.Whentheyare

beingentertained,thehealthiestatmosphereisonewhichtheheroandheroineare

childrenlikethemselveswhobehavenaturallyandconfidentlyinanysituation.

七、theonlythingpeopleareinteresedintodayisearingmoremoney

Onceuponatimetherelivedabeautifulyoungwomanandahandsomeyoungman.

Theywereverypoor,butastheyweredeeplyinlove,theywantedtogetmarried.The

youngpeople'sparentsshooktheirheads."Youcan'tgetmarriedyet.^^Theysaid.

Waittillyougetagoodjobwithgoodprospects.Sotheyoungpeoplewaiteduntil

theyfoundgoodjobswithgoodprospectsandtheywereabletogetmarried.They

werestillpoor,ofcourse,theydidn'thaveahousetoliveinoranyfurniture,butthat

did'tmatter.Theyyoungmanhadagoodjobwithgoodprospects,solarge

organizationslenthimthemoneyheneededtobuyahouse,somefurniture,allthe

latestelectricalappliancesandacar.Thecouplelivedhappilyeverafterpayingoff

debtsfortherestoftheirIves.Andsoendsanothermodernromanticfable.

Weliveinamaterialisticsocietyandaretrainedfromourearlistyearstobe

acquistive.Ourpossessions,yoursandmineareclearlylabeledfromearlychildhood.

Whenwegrowoldenoughtoearnaliving,itdoesnotsurpiseustodiscoverthat

successismeasuredintermsofthemoneyyouearn.Wespendthewholeofourlives

keepingupwithourneighbors,theJoneses.Ifwebuyanewtelevisionset,Jonesis

boundtobuyabiggerandbetterone.Ifwebuyanewcar,wecanbesurethatJones

willgoonebetterandgettwonewcars:oneforhiswifeandonefbrhimself.The

mostamusingthingaboutthisgameisthatJonesesandalltheneighborswhoare

strugglingfranticallytokeepupwiththemarespendingborrowedmoneykindly

provided,atasuitablerateofinterest,ofcourse,byfriendlybanks,insurance

companies,etc.

Itisnotonlyaffluentsocietiesthatpeopleareobsessedwiththeideaofmaking

moremoney.Consumergoodsaredesirableeverywhereandmodernindustry

deliberatelysetsouttocreatenewmarkets.Gonearethedayswhenindustrialgoods

weremadetolastforever.Thewheelsofindustrymustbekeptturning.Built-in

obsolescenceprovidesthemeans;goodsaremadetobediscarded.Carsgettinnier

andtinnier.Younosooneracquirethisyear'smodelthanyouarethinkingaboutits

replacement.

Thismaterialisticoutlookhasseriouslyinfluencededucation.Fewerandfewer

youngpeoplethesedaysacquireknowledgeonlyfbritsownsake.Everycourseof

studiesmustleadsomewhere,i.e.toabiggerwagepacket.Thedemandforskilled

personnelforexceedsthesupplyandbigcompaniescompetewitheachotherto

recruitstudentsbeforetheyhavecompletedtheirstudies.Temptingsalariesand

“fringebenefits^^areofferedtothem.Recruitingtacticsofthiskindhaveledtothe

braindrain,theprocessbywhichhighlyskilledpeopleoffertheirservicestothe

highestbidder.Thewealthiernationsdeprivetheirpoorerneighborsoftheirmostable

citizens.WhileMammonisworshippedasneverbefore,therichgetrichersandthe

poor,poorer.

八、CommunicationandLanguage

Oneofthefirstthingswethinkaboutwhenwehearthewordcommunication

language.Therearethousandsoflanguagesspokenaroundtheworldtoday.Infact,

linguistissaythattheremaybeasmanyas10000.

Speakingwithothersisanimportantmeansofcommunication,butwecanalso

communicatewithoutusingwords,thatisbynonverbalcommunication.Nonverbal

communicationincludesvoicequality,eyesmovement,facialexpressionandbody

movementssuchasgesturesandchangeinbodyposition.Butmanypeopledonot

realizethateveryoneusesnonverbalcommunication.Sometimes,we"say"morewith

ourfaceandgesturesthatwedowithourvoices.

Books,magazines,newspapers,radio,television,areothermeansof

communication.Todaywecanalsocommunicateoverlongdistancewiththehelpof

communicationssatellites.Somescientistssaythatsoonmachineswillbedeveloped

forsendingmessagethroughtheearth.Thetechnologynecessarytobuildthese

machinesisverycomplex.Butthelanguagewespeakeverydayismuchmore

complexthanthemostmoderncommunicationtechnology.

九、CooperationGoeswithCompetition

Inourtimes,cooperationandcompetitionspreadovertheworld.Bothofthem

speedupthewheelofeconomyandenrichtheintelligenceofmankind.Itispossible

toaccomplishacomplicatedprogrambyonlyonepersonnow.Asweknow,themore

cooperationacompanydependson,themoreefficientitwillbecomeinbusiness.

Furthermore,wecan'tavoidcompetitioninourexchanges.Fromtimetotime,we

compareourselveswithothers,expectingtocatchupwithothers.Thisisthespiritof

competition,bywhichwepursuethehighestgoal.Itisonlybycompetitioninthe

marketthatacompanycanraiseitsreputation.Wereitnotfbrcompetition,say,allof

uswouldnotenjoywhatwehaveachieved.

十、theRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection

Intellecturalpropertyscarcelyexistedinthevocabulariesofacademicresearchers

andadministratorseven15yearsago.Nowitisanever-presentpartofdiscussionson

researchpoliciesanddirections.Thisnewimportanceofintellectualpropertyin

academiareflectsachangingviewontherrelationshipsofresearchatuniversitiesto

thesurroundingsociety.Untilrecently,researchatuniversitieshasbeenrelatively

isolatedfromdemandsofeconomicutility,andeducationofgraduatestudentshas

emphasizedacareerinacademicresearchasthefinalgoal.

NowalmostallresearchuniversitiesintheUnitedStateshavetechnologylicensing

operations.ThenumberofU.S.patentsgrantedtoAmericanuniversitiesinayear

rosefromabout300in1980toalmost2000in1995.Thedirecteconomicimpactof

technologylicensingontheuniversitiesthemselveshasbeenrelativelysmall.In

contrast,theimpactofuniversitytechnologytransferonthelocalandnational

economieshasbeensubstantial,andleadstotheconcusionthattheLicensingAct()is

oneofthemostsuccessfulpiecesofeconomicdevelopmentinrecenthistory.Ithas

beenestimatedthatmorethan200000jobshavebeencreatedintheUnitedStatesin

productdevelopmentandmanufacturingofproductsfromuniversitylicenses,with

thenumberincreasingfairlyrapidlyasthelicensesmature.

Intellectualpropertytermshavebecomevitallyimportant.Thecompanywantsto

beassuredthatitcanusetheresultsoftheresearch-andthattheseresultswillnotbe

availabletotheircompetitors.Butmostuniversitiesinsistthattransferofresearch

resultsiskeytotheiridentityandmissionandwillnotagreetokeeptheproject

resultssecret.Thekeytoresolvingthisdilemmanistograntpatents:theuniversity

willpublishtheresults,butwillfirstagreetofilepatentsthatwillprotectthe

company'sprivilegeinthecommercialmarketplace.

1.Directions:

Womenmakeagreatcontributiontotheprogressofmodernsociety.Buttherearestill

somepeoplewhodon'tagreewithit.

Therehasbeenadiscussionrecentlyontheissueinanewspaper.Writeanessayto

thenewspaperbasedonthefollowingoutline.

1.Roleofwomeninmodemsociety

2.Prejudicesanddiscriminationagainstwomen

3.Mycomment

Youshouldwriteabout200wordswithin40minutes.

Womenplayanimportantpartinmodernsociety.Nowmanywomenaregoinginto

professions,suchasmedicine,lawandengineering.Theycomprisealargepartofthe

workersinofficesandfactories.Manyjobstheyareengagedinareinlinewiththeir

specialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Inaddition,someofareworkinguptoimportant

positionswhichusedtobeheldmainlybymen.Thereareevensomebusinesses

whichareruncompletelybywomen.Itisobviousthatwomenaremakingan

outstandingcontributiontotheprogressofmodemsociety.

Thereare,however,stillsomepeoplewhoassertthatmenaresuperiortowomenin

manyways.Inthefirstplace,manyjobsmendocanhardlybedonebywomen,who

arephysicallynotstrongenough.Theybelievethatwomenaretheweakersex-

bothphysicallyandemotionally.Thus,womenarenaturallysuited,muchmoreso

thanmen,totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Accordingtothem,awoman's

placeiswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Secondly,mostofthe

world-famousscientistsandstatesmenarefoundtobemales.Finally,thewhole

societyseemstohavealwaysbeendominatedbymenonly.Intheiropinion,men

shouldenjoymorerightsthandowomen.

Personally,I'mfirmlystandingonthesideofthosewomenrightdefenders.Since

bothmenandwomenareequallyimportantinhumanactivities,theyshouldbeonan

equalfooting.(242words)

2.Directions:Inthispart,youaretowriteanessayofabout200wordswithin40

minutes.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedon

theinformationgiveninthetable.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.

Outline:1.Changesinpeople'sdailyexpansesinthepastfiveyears

2.Possiblereasonsforthechanges

3.Myownconclusion

YearItem19971998199920002001

Food65%60%48%42%35%

Clothing5%7%10%13%15%

Recreation3%5%7%8%13%

Others24%26%33%36%38%

Total100%100%100%100%100%

Inthepastfiveyears,therehavebeengreatchangesinpeople'sdailyexpensesinXX

city.Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,theamountofmoneyspentonfood

decreasedgradually,accountingfor35percentin2001.However,therewasarapid

increaseinclothingexpenses,whichmadeup15%in2001.Inaddition,thetable

showsanupwardtendencyinrecreationexpenses.Thesamewasthecasewithother

expenses.

Whatcausedtheseremarkablechanges?Inmyopinion,thereareatleastthreegood

reasons.Tobeginwith,withtherapiddevelopmentofagricultureinChina,theoutput

ofgrain,fruit,vegetablesandmilkhassharplyincreased,whichcontributestothe

declineintheirprices.Secondly,thefamilyincomesofpeoplebothinthecityandin

thecountryhavegreatlyrisensothatpeoplenowcanaffordexpensiveclothingand

someofthemevenwanttodressinthelatestfashion.Finally,asthelivingconditions

improve,thedemandfbravarietyofrecreationsisgrowingsteadily,too.

Inshort,withtheincomescontinuingtorise,peoplewillnolongerresignthemselves

tolivingadull,monotonouslife.Theyareeagertomaketheirlifeinterestingand

exciting.Therefore,Iamsurethatpeoplewillspendmoremoneyonclothingand

recreations.(219words)

3.Directions:Migrantworkers(夕卜地民工)havemadeagreatcontributiontothe

prosperityofcities.Inthispart,youaretowritewithin40minutesacompositionof

200wordsabout“TheRoleofMigrantWorkersn.Youcanagreeand/ordisagree,

completelyorpartiallytoabovestatement.Butnomatterwhichpositionyoutake,

youshouldsupportingreasons.

Asisknowntoall,migrantworkershavemadeagreatcontributiontotheprosperity

ofcities.Theyareanindispensablepartofourworkforce.Mostofthemworkon

constructionsites.Thereisnodoubtthatwithoutmigrantworkersmanyof

constructionprojectswouldhavetobeheldupfbrlackofmanpower.Inaddition,a

largenumberofmigrantworkersareabeneficialfactor,whichenhancesthe

consumptionoffoodanddailyitems.Thisinturnhelpstodevelopfoodindustryand

servicetradesincites.Allthesearepositiveaspectsofmigrantworkersincities.

However,asapopularsayinggoes,“Everythinghastwosides”.Thesameisthecase

withmigrantworkers.Firstly,mostofthemarenotwelleducatedandprofessionally

trained.Someofthemhavehadverylittleschooling.Asyouknow.Illiteratepeople,

whoareusuallyignorantofthelaw,tendtomaketrouble,thusendangeringsocial

order.Secondly,mostofthemigrantworkersswarmintobigcitiesjusttomake

money.Beingilliterateorunskilled,someofthemwouldstopatnothingtogetwhat

theyareambitiousfor.Therefore,theyareapotentialthreattothepeaceandstability

ofsociety.

Inmyopinion,intheappraisalofmigrantworkers,itisone-sidedtoaffirmeverything

ortonegateeverything.Weshouldappreciatethegreatcontributionmadebythem,

andatthesametimepayenoughattentiontotheproblemscausedbythem.(244

words)

博士研究生考試復(fù)習(xí)英語范文

作者：maxlong發(fā)布日期：2007226查看數(shù):231出自：

InformationandMyLife

Asyouknow,informationplaysanimportantroleinourmodernsociety.Someone

?ysthatoursisasocietyofinformation.Iagreewithhim.Infact,informationis

expandingatanincreasingrate.Asamemberofmodernsociety,Iamfullyawareof

thesignificanceofinformationtomylife.Itaffectsnearlyeveryaspectofmylife.

Thenhowtoobtainanddealwithinformationseemstobeofutmostimportance.

Asforme,thefirstwaytoobtaininformationistogotolibrary.Ourlibraryissolarge

thatitcoversawiderangeofsubjects.Variouskindsofinformationcanbegotinit.

Informationaboutsociety,economy,politicsandscienceswillgiveyouafreshmind.

Ofcourse,libraryisn*ttheonlysourceofinformation.Icanlearnmuchinformation

byothermeans.EvenwhentalkingwithmyfriendsIcangetalotofuseful

information.

Butinformationissoimmensethatwehaven11ampleenergyandtimetodealdeeply

with*it.Moreover,someoftheinformationmightnotbetrue.So,howtoselect

informationisalsosignificanttome.Listentoall,trustonlythreetenths.Toobtain

accurateinformationandtothrowoffthefalsepartofitshouldbeourgoal.

Informationshouldbemadefulluseinmylife.Rightnow,Itrytouseinformation

mostlyonmystudies.WhenIgetintosocietyseveralyearslater,informationwill

probablybecomemoreandmoreimportant

Today'sLuxuriesAreTomorrow'sNecessities

By"luxury”，wemeannapleasantandoftenexpensivethingthatisnotnecessaryn.

Fromahistoricalpointofview,thingswhichWerealuxurywhentheyfirstcameinto

beingallbecamenecessitieslater.Whentheelectricbulbwasfirstinventedinthe

U.S.,itwassuchaluxurythatonlygovernmentbodiescouldaffordtouseit.

Nowadays,however,ithasreachedeverypartoftheworld.Itisthesamecasewith

telephone,TV,andalotofothers,whichwereallluxuriesyearsago.

Anything,nomatterhowluxuriousitis,willbecomeanecessitywhenitiswidely

used.Thisistrueofmanyofthepresentluxuries,includingmobilephones,cars,

computersandmanyotherthings.Itisknowntoallthatthepurposeofthe

developmentofscienceistomakethingseasyfbrthemankind,notfbronlyasmall

numberofpeople.Therefore,thefirstthingtodoafteranewinventionoccursisto

spreaditsoastobenefitasmanypeopleaspossible.Inthecourseofthespread,the

luxurybecomesdecreasinglyluxuriousuntilintheenditbecomesanecessity.Thisis

anobjectivelaw,nothingcanbeanexception.

Withthequickdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theprocessfbrmanythingsto

becomeanecessityfromaluxurywillbegreatlyshortened.Anythingthatcanbe

imaginedwillbeinventedandinnotimebecomesanecessityaccessibletoordinary

people.

ValueofKnowledge

IntheInformationAge,publicawarenessofthevalueofknowledgecriticallyaffects

theeconomicgrowthofanation.Theschematicdiagramclearlyshowshowthevalue

ofknowledgeevolvedinChinainthepast50years.

Theschematicdiagrammainlyconsistsofthreeparts.From1950to1966,thecurve

wasroughlyastraightlineslightlyabovezero,showingthatChinawasa

poorly-educatednationthen.In1966,thecurvedrasticallydroppedbelowzero,

movingdownhopelesslyinthenext11years.Thisperiodcoincidedwiththe"Culture

Revolution".Oursocietywentmadthen,bookswereburned,schoolswereclosedand

allkindsofacademicactivitieswerebanned.Knowledgeinflicteditsmastersnothing

butdisasters.LifewasanightmareforChineseintellectuals,includingfamous

scholarsaswellascommonpeoplewhoreceivedhighereducationorwhose

professionhadanythingtodowithknowledge.Itwasatimewhenignorancewasa

virtueandknowledgewasacrime.