學(xué)士學(xué)位英語精講1-單詞語法

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

1、形式:主語+動詞原形/am/are+其他

Ioftengetupearlyinthemorning.我通常早晨起床很早

主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+動詞（s）+其他

Heoftengetsupearlyinthemorning.他通常早晨起床很早

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

【動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則】

①一般情況+s：play一plays

②以s、x、ch、sh和o結(jié)尾+es：go-goes

③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i+es：study-studies

④特殊情況不規(guī)則：have—has

Learnwatchkissdotrycarry

Learnswatcheskissesdoestriescarries

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

2、用法：

①現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為。

Heoftengetsuplate.

句子中出現(xiàn)always、usually、often>sometimes>never>everyweek(day,

year,month--?),onceaweek,onSundays常用一般現(xiàn)在時

WeusuallylearnEnglishtheseweeks.

時態(tài)復(fù)習一般現(xiàn)在時

2、用法：

②表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。

Iamateacher.我是一名老師

Wearehappytogether.我們在——起很開心

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

2、用法：

③表示永恒（客觀真理、名言警句）。

Theearthisround.地球是圓的

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)

Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

3、變否定、疑問句:

Heishappy.YoulikeEnglish.HelikesEnglish.

Heisnothappy.YoudonotlikeEnglish.HedoesnotlikeEnglish.

Ishehappy?DoyoulikeEnglish?DoeshelikeEnglish?

Howishe?Whatdoyoulike?Whatdoeshelike?

時態(tài)復(fù)習般現(xiàn)在時

5、否定形式：①am/is/are+not②don't/doesn't+動詞原形

e.g.Iamtwenty.Iamnottwenty.

Ifinishmyhomework.Idon'tfinishmyhomework.

HelikesEnglish.Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.

6、疑問形式：①is/am/are放句首②do/does放句首，動詞變原形

e.g.Iamtwentyyearsold.Areyoutwentyyearsold?

Ifinishmyhomework?Doyoufinishyourhomework?

ShelikesEnglish?DoesshelikeEnglish?

時態(tài)復(fù)習——一般現(xiàn)在時

workworkswatchwatchescrycries

readreadsdodoescatchcatches

cleancleanshavehasmeetmeets

writewritesareisthinkthinks

teachteachesgivegiveswinwins

washwashesstudystudiesplayplays

guessguessesflyflies

時態(tài)復(fù)習——一般現(xiàn)在時

.We-(go)toschoolateightevery

day.

2?Mymotherusually___(get)upearlyinthe

morning.

3.Theboyis(be)shortandthin.Hisnameis(be)Jack.HehaS^have)

twobigeyes.

4.Myparentsf(love)mevery

much.

5.TheEarthis(be)round.Itmns(run)aroundthesun.

時態(tài)復(fù)習般過去時

1、用法：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);

完全發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)

過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。

Shehadaboyfriend.

2、形式：①be(was,were)動詞Tomwasastudent.

Shewasoutgoinginthepast.

Theywerestudentstwoyearsago.

②動詞(V-ed------動詞過去式)

ShewantedtogotoShanghaiyesterday.

時態(tài)復(fù)習般過去時

3、句式變化:

否定：(l)was/werenot②didn't+do(動詞原形)

疑問：①was/were提前置句首②did置句首

Shewasoutgoinginthepast.——Shewasnotoutgoinginthepast.

----Wassheoutgoinginthepast?

ShewantedtogotoShanghaiyesterday.——ShedidnotwanttogotoShanghaiyesterday.

——DidshewanttogotoShanghaiyesterday?

時態(tài)復(fù)習般過去時

4、常用搭酉己：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month...),in

1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago

e.g.Iwasaboythreeyearsago.

Shewenttotheparkwithhermotherlastweek.

Isawhersmilingatmejustnow.

時態(tài)復(fù)習般過去時

5、動詞過去式規(guī)則變化

①+ed：want-wanted,work-worked

②以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加d。如：like-----liked,live—lived

③以一個元音字母加一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，先雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字

母,再加-ed。如：stop一stopped

④以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，先把y變成i,再加-ed。如：study—studied

時態(tài)復(fù)習般過去時

].TomandMaryvame(come)toChinalast

month.

didn'tgogot

2.Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight,soI

(get)uplate.

read

3.Mary(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.

was

4.There(be)noonehereamomentago.

5I-HCQ](call)Mikethis

morning.

時態(tài)復(fù)習——一般過去時

began

6.Tom(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.

picked

7.Lastweek,we(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.

8，Mymother__L___出出時)S4碗&頓t±#y.

.Shewatchestveveryevening,butshent_(not

9watch)TVlastnight.

10.yourfather(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?

11.一Whattimeyou(get)toBeijingyesterday?

-We__r___~_^__T____(get)toBeijingat9:00inthe

evening.

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

WhenJackDavis,9,looksupatthenightsky,hedoesn51seejustthestars.Heseeshis

future.ThefourthgraderfromNewJerseyhasadeepinterestinouterspaceandthealien（夕卜

星的）beingshethinksmightlivethere.

26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJackDavis?

A.MatureC.Talented.

B.Curious.D.Honest

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

WhenJackDavis,9,looksupatthenightsky,hedoesn'tseejustthestars.Heseeshis

年級興趣外太空

future.ThefourthgraderfromNewJerseyhasadeepinterestinouterspaceandthealien（夕卜

星的）beingshethinksmightlivethere.

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

當9歲的杰克?戴維斯抬頭仰望夜空時，他看到的不僅僅是星星，他還看到了自己的未

來。這個來自新澤西的四年級學(xué)生對外太空和他認為可能居住在那里的外星人有著濃

厚的興趣。

InJuly,JackheardthatNASAwaslookingfbranewplanetaryprotectionofficeranddecidedhewasthe

rightpersonforthejob.Theposition,whichfocusesonpreventingastronautsfromaccidentallybringing

extremelysmall,potentiallydangerousalienlife-formsbacktoEarthandensuringthatastronautsdonot

takeEarth-basedgermswiththemintospace,paysfrom$124,406to$187,000peryear.

27.Whatisthejobresponsibilityoftheplanetaryprotectionofficer?

A.Toensurethementalandphysicalhealthoftheastronauts

B.ToprotectEarthfrompossiblealienattacksinthefuture

C.TokeepharmfulsubstancesformspreadingbetweenEarthandouterspace.

D.TostudytheunknownsubstancesastronautsbroughtbacktoEarth

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

尋找行星的

InJuly,JackheardthatNASAwaslookingforanewplanetaryprotectionofficerand

聚隹

decidedhewastherightpersonforthejob.Theposition,whichfocusesonpreventing

宇航員偶然地極其地潛在地

astronautsfromaccidentallybringingextremelysmall,potentiallydangerousalienlife-forms

確保微生物

backtoEarthandensuringthatastronautsdonottakeEarth-basedgermswiththeminto

space,paysfrom$124,406to$187,000peryear.

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

今年7月，杰克聽說美國宇航局正在尋找一名新的行星保護管，他認為自己就是這項

工作的合適人選。這個職位主要是防止宇航員意外地將極其微小的、具有潛在危險的

外星生命體帶回地球，并確保宇航員不會將地球上的細菌帶進太空，每年的薪水為

124406美元到187000美元。

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

JackwrotealettertoNASA,notinghisqualificationsforthejob.atMysistersaysIaman

alien,Jackwrote,pointingoutthatsinceheisyoung,hecan"learntothinklikeanalien.”

Hesignedtheletter“JackDavis,GuardianoftheGalaxy.^^.

28.Inthisletter,Jackexplainsthathisstrengthliesinhis

A.personalityC.hobby

B.appearanceD.age

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

注明資格

JackwrotealettertoNASA,notinghisqualificationsforthejob.“MysistersaysIaman

指出

alienJJackwrote,pointingoutthatsinceheisyoung,hecan“l(fā)earntothinklikeanalien.”

守衛(wèi)者銀河系

Hesignedtheletter"'JackDavis,GuardianoftheGalaxy.^^.

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

杰克給美國宇航局寫了一封信，提到他可以勝任這份工作的條件?！拔医憬阏f我是外

星人，”杰克寫道，他指出，因為他還年輕，他可以“學(xué)會像外星人一樣思考”。他

在信上署名“杰克?戴維斯，銀河系的守護者?！?/p>

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

Withindays,JackreceivedapersonalletterfromNASA'splanetarysciencedirector,James

L.Green."Wearealwayslookingforbrightfuturescientistsandengineerstohelpus,“

Greenwrote.^^Ihopeyouwillstudyhardanddowellinschool.Wehopetoseeyouhereat

NASAoneofthesedays!”.

29.Inhisresponsetotheboy,JamesGreen.

A.encouragesJacktobeafutureNASAscientistc.tellsJackNASA'srequirementsforscientists

B.invitesjacktovisitNASAassoonaspossibleD.offerstoprovidetrainingfbrJackatNASA

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

Withindays,JackreceivedapersonalletterfromNASA'splanetarysciencedirector,James

L.Green."Wearealwayslookingforbrightfuturescientistsandengineerstohelpus,“

Greenwrote.^^Ihopeyouwillstudyhardanddowellinschool.Wehopetoseeyouhereat

NASAoneofthesedays!”.

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

幾天之后，杰克收到了一封來自美國宇航局行星科學(xué)主任詹姆斯?格林的私人信件。

“我們一直在尋找聰明的未來科學(xué)家和工程師來幫助我們，”格林寫道?！拔蚁Ｍ?/p>

能努力學(xué)習，在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)出色。我們希望有朝一日能在美國宇航局見到你。”

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

Jacksaidhewas“shocked“whenGreen'sresponsearrived.4CIshouted,IgotaletterfromNASA!”

Greensayshelovestoanswerlettersfromchildren.Hecallshisresponsea“gravityassist.”

Spacecraftusegravityassistancefromobjectslikeplanetsandmoonstohelppowerthecraft

towardanothercelestial（天上的）body.Greenhopesareplycaninfluenceaperson飛pathinlifein

asimilarway.

30.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto.

A.supportGreenforusinggravityassistinprojects.C.guideyoungpeoplebygivingthemagravityassist

B.introducetheconceptofgravityassistD.explainhowGreen'sletterservesasagravityassist

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

Jacksaidhewas“shocked“whenGreen'sresponsearrived.t4Ishouted,Igotaletterfrom

NASA!”Greensayshelovestoanswerlettersfromchildren.Hecallshisresponsea

重力輔助物品

“gravityassist."Spacecraftusegravityassistancefromobjectslikeplanetsandmoonsto

helppowerthecrafttowardanothercelestial（天上的）body.Greenhopesareplycan

道路

influenceaperson'spathinlifeinasimilarway..

01閱讀理解——2018第三篇

杰克說，當他收到格林的回信時，他感到很“震驚”。“我喊道，我收到一封來自美

國宇航局的信！”格林說他喜歡回復(fù)孩子們的來信，他吧他的反應(yīng)成為“重力輔助”。

航天器用來自行星與衛(wèi)星等物體的重力，向飛船提供動力幫助飛船飛向另一天體。格

林希望他的回復(fù)能以同樣的方式影響一個人的人生道路。

|02時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在進行時

時態(tài)過去現(xiàn)在將來

一般昨天，我愛你今天，我愛你明天，我愛你

進行昨天這時，我在想你現(xiàn)在，我正在想你明天這時，我還在愛你

3粒伸捌現(xiàn)物某生個0捌1翎銅竹0捌

02時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在進行時

1、形式：am/is/are+doing

2、用法：

①表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的事情

WearestudyingEnglishnow.

Listen!Thegirlsaresinging.

②表示確定要發(fā)生的將來

Iamcomingtoseeyou.

Theoldmanisdying.

02時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在進行時

3、動詞+ing規(guī)律

①一般情況下直接+ing；如：playing；

②以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾（輔音字母+e結(jié)尾的）單詞，去掉e+ing；如：make-making

以元音+e結(jié)尾的單詞,+ing；如：see-seeing；

③以字母ie結(jié)尾的單詞，改ie為y,+ing如：lie-lying,tie-tying,die-dying；

④以輔音、元音、輔音字母結(jié)尾的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母+ingnm?running；

⑤如果結(jié)尾是元音字母加輔音字母組合，就直接加-ing。如:drawing,playing。

02時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在進行時

4、否定形式：am/is/are+not;

5、疑問形式：am/is/are提前

e.g.1.1amreadingausefulbook.Iamnotreadingausefulbook.

2.Now,sheisdrawingapicture.Now,sheisnotdrawingapicture.

Areyoureadingausefulbook.

Now,isshedrawingapicture.

02時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在進行時

練習:

①Theboy

為Listen,somegirls___________________(sing)

?intheclassroom.(drawYapicture

now.

③Theyarenotwatering(notwater)theflowersnow.

02時態(tài)講解——過去進行時

一、形式：was/were+doing

二、用法：過去特定時間正在干的事情

例如：Shewasreadingabookat11:00lastnight.

Iwasstudyingat5:00intheafternoonyesterday.

三、句型變化

1.否定：was/were+not

2.疑問：was/were提前句首

|02時態(tài)講解——過去進行時

1-1

2____

”(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.

、、人〔「?，一?一

.M4aryw-as&0cing°(,go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.

Johnan

weredpingwerewatching

3.What出(do)atthattime?We(watch)TV.

Peterb(do)thesamething.

4.TheyvvVIeuutm_(notmake)amodelship

whenIsawhim.

Wasrainingwas

5.it(rain)whenyouleftschool?Yes,itwas[(No,』wasn't|)

02時態(tài)講解——過去進行時

四、補充

一件事情持續(xù)進行，另一件事出現(xiàn)把它打斷（當?…的時候，怎么樣了）

①While從句+進行時，主句+一般時/進行時

②When從句+一般時/進行時，主句+進行時

Whileyouweresleeping,athiefsneaked.

Iwascookingyesterday,whenmyfriendcalledme.

WhileIwasstudyingEnglishyesterday,afriendknockedatthedoor.

|02時態(tài)講解——過去進行時

.,&1,,?人，八werereadingwasplaying.、L

1.TItwasquitelateatnight.George(lead)andAmym(zplay)her

computerwhenthey嗎(hear)aknockatthe

door.--------------------

didn'twantwereallworking

2.SheI—」(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers(all,

work)inthefieldsyesterday.

3-Whenthebelh*ang,jenny_______

FL§_(wait)inherseat.

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

1、形式：have/has+done

2、用法：完成？

①現(xiàn)在全部完成

現(xiàn)在的以前

②現(xiàn)在部分完成

3、例子

①Hehasleft.他已經(jīng)走了現(xiàn)在全部完成

②我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)習英語十年了

現(xiàn)在部分完成

WehavelearnedEnglishfortenyear.

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

4.1、否定式：

主語+havenot/hasnot+動詞的過去分詞+賓語

①Hehasleft.

Hehasnotleft.

4.2、疑問句：

Have/Has+主語+動詞的過去分詞+賓語（或者其他）？

①Hehasleft.

Hasheleft.

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

3、時間狀語：recently,lately,since（后跟一般過去時），for+一段時間,

over/inthepastfewyears,already,yet,sofar,

e.g.l.TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.

2.1havewatchedthismovie.

3.Hasitstoppedrainingyet?

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.

現(xiàn)在完成時

have/has+

+done

already已經(jīng)

ever曾經(jīng)

never從不

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybetheywhafshappenedtohim.

A.knew

B.haveknown

C.mustknow

D.willknowB

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

2.—Ourcountryalotsofar.

一Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven.

A.haschanged;well（adj身體健康/adv.好）

B.changed;good

C.haschanged;betterc

D.changed;better.

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

3.Thefamouswriteronenewbookinthepasttwoyears.

A.iswriting

B.waswriting

C.wrote

D.haswritten

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

4.WeXiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.know

B.hadknown

C.haveknown

D.knew.c

時態(tài)講解——現(xiàn)在完成時

5.—youyourhomeworkyet?

一Yes.Iitamomentago.

A.Did;do;finished

B.Have;done;finished

C.Have;done;havefinished

D.will;do;finish.

|02時態(tài)講解——過去完成時

、形式：had+done

二、用法：過去的之前

例如：Before8:00yesterday,she______(finish)

homework.

Whenhegotthere,she"2Z___(leave).Shewasnot

there.

E、巡變魚+not

2.疑問：had提前句首

|02時態(tài)講解——過去完成時

四、補充

i.過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別

過去的之前現(xiàn)在的之前

Itis10:00.1「匕e_?1二(wait)for2

hours.-11

nadwAIted

Itwas10:00.1_____(wait)for

2hours

02時態(tài)講解——過去完成時

四、補充

2.過去完成時與一般過去時區(qū)別

一前一后發(fā)生的事

Theplanewaslate.......

Afewhoursearlier,someonehadtoldthepolice.

他打開書包、他走進教室

03時態(tài)真題201747

myexperimentreportallthemorningandhaven'tfinishedyet.

A.write

B.waswriting

C.haswritten

D.havebeenwriting

03時態(tài)真題201646

Scientistsestimatethatabout530,000otherobjects,toosmalltodetectwithradar,

theEarthtoo.

A.beingcircled

B.arecircling

C.aretobecircling

D.arebeingcircled

03時態(tài)真題201636

ExperimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjectsinboththeUnitedStatesand

Europewellbefore1990.

A.hadbeenconducting

B.wereconducting

C.hadbeenconductedc

D.areconducted

03時態(tài)真題201671

Ineedthejobbadly,asmymoneyoutbytheendodthenextmonth.

A.hasrun

B.willrun

C.willhaverun

D.willberunning