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固定化微生物對滲濾液DTRO出水中氨氮降解的研究Title:StudyontheDegradationofAmmoniaNitrogeninDTROEffluentbyImmobilizedMicroorganismsAbstract:Thedisposalofwastewatercontaininghighlevelsofammonianitrogenhasbecomeamajorenvironmentalconcern.ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatethepotentialofusingimmobilizedmicroorganismstodegradeammonianitrogeninDTRO(Dual-stagereverseosmosis)effluent.Theresearchbeginswiththecharacterizationoftheimmobilizationmatrixtodetermineitssuitabilityformicrobialattachmentandgrowth.Subsequently,thestudyevaluatestheperformanceoftheimmobilizedmicroorganismsinammonianitrogenremovalthroughbatchexperimentsandcontinuousflowreactorsetups.Theresultsdemonstratetheefficacyofimmobilizedmicroorganismsinammonianitrogendegradation,offeringapromisingsolutionforthetreatmentofDTROeffluent.1.Introduction(150words)Waterscarcityandpollutionhavepushedwastewatertreatmenttotheforefrontofenvironmentalchallenges.Thedischargeofammonianitrogen-richeffluentsposesseriousthreatstoaquaticecosystems.ThisstudyaimstoexplorethepotentialofusingimmobilizedmicroorganismstomitigateammonianitrogenpollutioninDTROeffluent,therebyofferingasustainablesolutionforwatertreatment.2.MaterialsandMethods(200words)2.1.ImmobilizationMatrixCharacterization:Thematrixmaterialischaracterizedforitsporosity,mechanicalstrength,andsurfaceproperties.Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andenergydispersiveX-rayspectroscopy(EDS)areemployedforstructuralandcompositionalanalysis.2.2.MicroorganismImmobilization:Selectorganismswithhighammonianitrogendegradationcapacityarecultivated,andtheirimmobilizationonthematrixisachievedthroughphysicalorchemicalmethods.Theimmobilizationefficiencyandmicrobialviabilityaredeterminedthroughcellcountingandmorphologicalobservations.2.3.BatchDegradationExperiments:ImmobilizedmicroorganismsareexposedtoDTROeffluentunderdifferentconditions(pH,temperature,andinitialammonianitrogenconcentration).Ammonianitrogenremovalratesaremeasuredovertimetoassesstheefficiencyofimmobilizedmicroorganisms.2.4.ContinuousFlowReactorSetup:Acontinuousflowreactorisdesignedtosimulatethereal-worldtreatmentprocess.Thereactorisfilledwithimmobilizedmicroorganisms,anditsperformanceinammonianitrogendegradationismonitoredbymeasuringinfluentandeffluentconcentrations.3.ResultsandDiscussion(400words)3.1.ImmobilizationMatrixCharacterization:SEMimagesrevealaporousstructurewithahighsurfacearea,promotingmicrobialattachmentandgrowth.EDSanalysisconfirmsthepresenceofchemicalelementsfavorableformicrobialinteractions.3.2.MicroorganismImmobilization:Physicalandchemicalmethodsexhibitdifferentimmobilizationefficienciesandmicrobialviability.Resultsindicatethatthephysicalmethodachieveshigherimmobilizationefficiencyandsuperiormicrobialviability.3.3.BatchDegradationExperiments:Thedegradationofammonianitrogenincreasesastheinitialconcentrationdecreases.TemperatureandpHalsosignificantlyaffectthedegradationprocess.Theimmobilizedmicroorganismsdemonstrateconsistentandeffectiveammonianitrogendegradationovermultiplebatchcycles.3.4.ContinuousFlowReactorSetup:Thecontinuousflowreactoreffectivelyreducesammonianitrogenlevels,andtheimmobilizedmicroorganismsdisplaystableperformance.Anoptimalflowrateandreactorconfigurationareidentifiedtomaximizethedegradationefficiency.4.ConclusionandFutureDirections(250words)ThestudyconfirmstheefficacyofimmobilizedmicroorganismsinthedegradationofammonianitrogeninDTROeffluent.Resultsdemonstratethattheimmobilizationmatrixprovidesasuitableenvironmentformicrobialattachmentandgrowth.Theimmobilizedmicroorganismsdisplaystableperformanceandhighdegradationefficiencyinbatchexperimentsandcontinuousflowreactorsetups.TheresearchfindingssuggestthepotentialapplicationofimmobilizedmicroorganismsasasustainabletechnologyforammonianitrogenremovalinDTROeffluent.Futureresearchcanfocusontheoptimizationofimmobilizationconditions,theexplorationofmicrobialcommunitydynamics,andtheassessmentoflong-termstabilityandperformanceunderfieldconditions.Inconclusion,thisstudyshedslightontheapplicationofimmobilizedmicroorganismsasapotentialsolutionforthedegradationofammonianitrogeninDTROeffluent.Itdemonstratesthefeasibilityandeffi

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