2021年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)必修3 Unit 2 Healthy eating-B卷

必修3Unit2Healthyeating（B卷）滾動提升檢測(全卷共四大題，滿分100分。請在40分鐘內(nèi)完成)班級____________學(xué)號____________姓名____________得分____________一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)AForyearswehavebeendietingstrictlyaftertheyear-endovereating,afraidthatwhensummercomes,thebiggersizewehaveaccumulatedwillbetrayhowweate.Nowscientistssay,it’salittlebugthatcausesobesity.Astheholidayseasonwithitsabundantfeastingarrives,millionsoffoodloversarekeepinganeyeontheirfigures.ButscientistshavefoundthatweightgainisnotabouttoomuchChristmasturkeyorhotchocolates,butsomebacteriainyourguts(腸).Chinesescientistsrecentlydiscoveredatypeofbacteriaingutsthatmaybetoblameforobesity.AresearchteamledbyZhaoLiping,aprofessorinShanghai,hasidentifiedapreciselinkbetweenaparticularkindofbacteriaandunusualweightgain.“Theendotoxin(內(nèi)毒素)releasedbythebacteriumcanactivate(激活)agenethathelpsproducefat.Anditalsodeactivatesagenethatconsumesfat,”Zhaosays.Scientistshavelongbelievedthatmicroscopicorganismsinthegut,microbiota,mayplayaveryimportantroleinweightgain,buttheyhadneverbeenabletoproveit.In2004,AmericanmicrobiologistJeffreyGordonandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredagenerallinkbetweenobesityandgutmicrobiotainmice.Whilealinkwasbelievedtoexist,provingitwasanothermatter.“Thelistofdiseasesthattheymayplayaroleinisjustgrowingandgrowing,”saysLitaProctor,directoroftheUSNationalInstitutesofHealth.“Buttheproblemisthatwe’reonlyabletolookatassociationsandaren’tyetabletoconductcause-and-effectstudies.”Intheclinicalstudy,researchersfoundagrowthoftoomuchendotoxin-producingbacteria,leadingto35percentofthegutbacteria,inanobesepatientwhoseinitialweightwas175kg.Basedonthisinformation,researcherstriedtocurethepatientbyfeedinghimaspecializednutritionalliquidfoodtodecreasethebacteriainhisgutstoignorableamounts.After23weeks,thepatientlost51.4kg,withhisfattyliverdiseasehavingalmostdisappeared.1.Wedietstrictlyaftertheyear-endovereatingbecause________.A.wewon’tbetrayourselvesB.weeattoomuchturkeyC.therearebacteriainourgutsD.wedon’twanttolookfat2.WhatcanbelearnedfromZhao’sresearch?A.Obesityisrelatedtoakindofbacteria.B.Healthydiethelpsreduceyourfat.C.Chocolatedoesn’tcauseweightgain.D.Toomuchfoodleadstooverweight.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Scientistsdidn'ttrytofindoutthecauseofoverweight.B.Thereisalinkbetweenmice'soverweightandhuman's.C.Litaprovedthelinkbetweenbacteriaandweightgain.D.Scientistsfoundbacteriamayberelatedtomanydiseases.4.Thepatientfinallylost51.4kgofhisweightafter______.A.35percentofhisgutbacteriawerekilledB.theamountofgutbacteriawasdecreasedC.hehadaspecialkindofoperationD.hisfattyliverhaddisappeared5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.People’seatinghabits.B.Healthylifestyles.C.Amedicaldiscovery.D.Theconsequenceofobesity.BGoodhealthisthemostvaluablepossessionapersoncanhave,butonecan’ttakegoodhealthforgranted.Itisimportanttorememberthatthebodyneedspropercareinordertobehealthy.Therearethreethingsthatapersoncandotohelpstayingoodshape:eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly.Propernutritionisimportantforgoodhealth.Yourbodycannotfunctionwellunlessitreceivestheproperkindof“fuel”.Avoidfoodswithlotsofsugarandfat.Eatplentyoffoodshighinprotein,likeleanmeat,fish,beansandnuts.Vegetablesandfruitsareespeciallyimportantbecausetheyprovidenecessaryvitaminsandminerals.However,don’tovereat.Itisnothealthfultobeoverweight.Gettingtheproperamountofsleepisalsoimportant.Ifyoudon’tgetenoughsleep,youfeeltiredandirritable(煩躁的).Youhavenoenergy.Overalongperiodoftimealittleamountofsleepmayevenresultinachangeofpersonality.Besuretoallowyourselffromseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.Ifyoudo,yourbodywillfeelstrongandrefreshed,andyourmindwillbesharp.Finally,getplentyofexercise.Exercisefirmsthebody,strengthensthemusclesandpreventsyoufromgainingweight.Italsoimprovesexerciseprogram,andyouwillprobablyincreaseyourlifespan(壽命).Anykindofexerciseisgood.Mostsportsareexcellentforkeepingthebodyingoodshape.Basketball,swimming,bicycling,gymnasticsandrunningareallgoodexamples.Sportsarenotonlygoodforyourbody,buttheyareenjoyableandinteresting,too.Ifeverybodyweretoeattherightfoodsandgetplentyofsleepandexerciseregularly,theworldwouldbeahappierandhealthierplace.Wewouldalllivetobemucholderandwiser.1.Apersoncanstayingoodshapeifhe_________.A.eattherightfoodsB.getenoughsleepC.exerciseregularlyD.alloftheabove2.Accordingtothepassage,_________.A.propercareisveryimportantforustokeepfitB.ifwe’rehealthy,wecanadventureindoingthingswithlesssleepC.onecaneatalottostayingoodshapeD.oneneedn’tdoanyexerciseifheishealthy3.“Eatingmoreandsleepingless”_________.A.cankeephealthyB.isnogoodforyouC.getsyoumoreenergyD.willkeepyourpersonality4.Theunderlinedword“sharp”means_________.A.havingathincuttingedgeB.irritableC.comfortableD.sensitive5.Thetitleforthepassageshouldbe_________.A.EatingandExercisingB.TheFunctionofVitaminsC.StayingHealthyD.SleepingWell[助讀詞匯]possessionn.財產(chǎn)functionvt.運轉(zhuǎn)personalityn.個性strengthenvt.加強musclen.肌肉refreshedadj.神清氣爽的nutritionn.營養(yǎng)proteinn.蛋白質(zhì)leanmeat瘦肉take…forgranted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的vitaminsandminerals維生素和礦物質(zhì)stayingoodshape保持良好的身體狀況二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)Americanresearchershavediscoveredthatlackofsleepisbadformemoryandtheysuggestpeopletakeashortsleepduringthe1.2madethediscoveryin3.Theykepttherats4for72hours.Duringthistimetheydiscoveredthatsleepdeprivation5stresshormonestogettogetherinapartofthe6,whichinturnmadethegrowthofcellsthathelpednewmemories7.“Weknowthatsleepdeprivationisstressful,andthatitmakessometypesoflearningandmemory8,”aleadresearchersaid.Theresultsare9toearlierstudiesshowingthatsleep-deprivedpeopleare10atrememberinghowtodonewlylearnedtasksthantheyare11.Theresultsarealsosaidtobethefirsttoprovideasystemexplaininghow12ofsleepisbadformemory.Thissuggeststhat13intherighthormonalconditionsisimportant.However,thesleepdeprivation14bytheratsisusuallylong,15tohumanbeing’sstayingawakeforseveralweeks.Sosleepdeprivationisbadfor16,butonly“inextremecases”,scientistsbelieve.Asyouarebusystudyingfor17intouniversitiesandcolleges,youhadbetterget18sleepeveryday.Ifitis19,youshouldsleepforashorttimeafterlunch—perhapstheoutcomemightbe20andunexpected!1.A.duskB.dawnC.daytimeD.night2.A.Researchers B.Chemists C.Physicians D.Scholars3.A.animals B.plants C.rats D.cells4.A.asleep B.annoyed C.awkward D.awake5.A.made B.caused C.weakened D.robbed6.A.heart B.brain C.spirit D.system7.A.slow B.speed C.withdraw D.stress8.A.weak B.strong C.amazing D.abnormal9.A.differentB.limitedC.similarD.beneficial10.A.better B.tougher C.sleepier D.worse11.A.addicted B.consciousC.normal D.relaxed12.A.avoidance B.supply C.lack D.abortion13.A.breathB.recreation C.judgment D.sleep14.A.combinedB.spiedC.digestedD.experienced15.A.different B.equal C.friendly D.accustomed16.A.memory B.motivation C.behavior D.character17.A.possibilityB.entry C.comprehensionD.advantage18.A.deep B.effective C.simple D.enough19.A.poisonousB.possibleC.protectiveD.balanced20.A.surprisingB.obeseC.balancedD.curious[助讀詞匯]researchern.研究人員stressfuladj.有壓力的ratn.田鼠lackof…缺乏……stresshormone壓力荷爾蒙sleepdeprivation剝奪睡眠；睡眠不足inturn轉(zhuǎn)而inextremecases在極端情況下三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)Itisreportedthatover300millionpeopleinChinaaresufferingfromnear-sightedness.1morechildrenhavegoteyetrouble,theirparentshopetocurethediseasebymedicine,equipment2bycorrectingthewaychildrenreadandsit.Butinfactthecare3(give)toone’seyesshouldstartwiththeexerciseonone’sfeet.Threemethodsonhowtoprotectareasfollows:foronething,don’tfastenyourshoestoo4(tight).Trywearinglooseshoesandsocksorwalkingbare-footedathome.Whentraveling,trywearingclothshoessoastomakebloodcirculation5(easy).Foranotherthing,walkingontiptoes(腳尖)willhelpimproveone’seyesightandpreventnear-sightedness.Figurestellthatfewballetperformersarenear-sighted.Inaddition,ropeskippingalsodoesgood6one’seyesight.When7(skip)therope,onehastoreactquickly,8excitesthebrainaswellastheeyes.Besidesfootexercises,9isgoodtopullone’sears.Pullingtheears20timesisfoundtobe10effectivewaytoreducethepressureonone’seyessoon.[助讀詞匯]near-sightednessn.近視bare-footedadj.赤腳的eyesightn.視力figuren.數(shù)字asfollows如下clothshoes布鞋foronething首先foranotherthing其次bloodcirculation血液循環(huán)balletperformer巴黎舞演員inaddition此外ropeskipping跳繩四、短文改錯（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.必修3Unit2Healthyeating（B卷）滾動提升檢測參考答案一、閱讀理解(A)介紹了關(guān)于肥胖現(xiàn)象新的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。1.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段...afraidthatwhensummercomes,thebiggersizewehaveaccumulatedwillbetrayhowweate.可知，人們在年底大吃大喝之后開始節(jié)食，主要是因為害怕夏天來了會暴露出自己臃腫的身材。2.A事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段hasidentifiedapreciselinkbetweenaparticularkindofbacteriaandunusualweightgain.可知，肥胖和某一種特殊的細(xì)菌之間有密切的聯(lián)系。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“Thelistofdiseasesthattheymayplayaroleinisjustgrowingandgrowing,”以及...aren’tyetabletoconductcause-and-effectstudies.可知科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌可能與很多疾病有關(guān)聯(lián)。4.B事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段researcherstriedtocurethepatientbyfeedinghimaspecializednutritionalliquidfoodtodecreasethebacteriainhisgutstoignorableamounts.可知，細(xì)菌數(shù)量的減少可以使體重下降。5.C主旨大意題。從文章多次出現(xiàn)found,discovered可以看出本文主要講的是一項新的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。很多考生選了D，誤選的考生可能他們不知道該文講的是肥胖的原因，而不是肥胖的結(jié)果。(B)本文作者主要告訴我們，吃正確的食物、保持足夠的睡眠和有規(guī)律的運動是保持健康最重要的三種方式。1.D事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)首段Therearethreethingsthatapersoncandotohelpstayingoodshape:eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly.可知選D。2.A事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Itisimportanttorememberthatthebodyneedspropercareinordertobehealthy.可知A項正確。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句However,don’tovereat.Itisnothealthfultobeoverweight.和第三段Ifyoudon’tgetenoughsleep,youfeeltiredandirritable.Youhavenoenergy.Besuretoallowyourselffromseventoninehoursofsleepeachnight.可推知B項正確。4.D猜測詞義題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，如果你自己有足夠的睡眠，那么身體和思維這兩個方面會有什么樣的效果。顯然sharp的感情色彩必須和strongandrefreshed一致。B和C可首先排除；A項是對sharp的基本釋義，并不符合文章語境。故選D符合上下語境。sensitive在此意為“靈敏的，敏銳的”，與sharp一致。5.C主旨大意題。A、B、D都過于片面，只有C項具有總領(lǐng)文章的概括性。根據(jù)文章可知，eattherightfoods,getenoughsleepandexerciseregularly是保持健康(StayingHealthy)的三種方式。故選C合適。二、完形填空本文作者向我們介紹了缺乏睡眠給記憶力帶來的影響并建議我們在午飯后休息一會，以補充睡眠。1.C根據(jù)下文，特別是最后一段中的Ifitis19,youshouldsleepforashorttimeafterlunch可知，研究人員是建議在白天睡個短覺。故選C合適。2.A根據(jù)第一段Americanresearchers或者第三段aleadresearchersaid.可知選A。屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。3.C根據(jù)空后的Theykepttherats可知選C。同樣屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。4.D由上文可知，研究人員為了找出缺乏睡眠對記憶力帶來的影響，他們用田鼠做試驗，他們讓田鼠保持清醒達(dá)72個小時，言下之意是讓田鼠缺乏睡眠，看看會發(fā)生什么樣的情況。同時也通過這個事實發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問題。故選D符合上下語境和邏輯。5.B結(jié)合四個選項和空后的stresshormonestogettogether可知，此處是指：缺乏睡眠使壓力荷爾蒙在一部分腦中聚集。習(xí)慣搭配cause…to…意為“使……發(fā)生/做……”，符合語境。C和D項可首先排除；A項made干擾性較大，但make后常接動詞原形，即：make…do…。6.B根據(jù)下面的helpednewmemories可知此處肯定是指在腦中才能與memories有聯(lián)系。7.A根據(jù)前文中sleepdeprivation5stresshormonestogettoge