2021屆高中英語寒假暑假輔導專用講義11-閱讀理解(細節(jié)理解題)-拔高練習(解析版)

2021屆高中英語寒假暑假輔導專用講義專題11閱讀理解（細節(jié)理解題）一DearAlfred，Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastooslow,though,withanIQof150at17,I’manythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADIID(注意力缺陷多動障礙).Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.Inhighschool,Ibecamecuriousaboutthecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.WhileIwasexploringmycuriosity,mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn’t.So,IwaskillingmytimeathomeuntilJune2012whenIdiscoveredtheonlinecomputercoursesofyourtrainingcenter.Sincethen,IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceandAdvancedMathematics.Currently,I’mlearningyourProbabilitycourse.Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper,coveredinself-writtennotesfromyourvideo.Thishasgivenmeapurpose.Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.Luckily,Idiscoveredthejob—DataAnalyst—thismonthandhavebeengoingfullsteamahead.IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mycompetitors.Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseI’mdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyou’resavingmylife.Yours,Tanis【文章大意】本文是一篇感謝信，屬應用文。作者雖然患有ADHD，不能正常讀大學；但通過參加Alfred的網絡課程，作者獲得了知識、工作與自信，因此，寫信表達感激之情！1.whydidn’tTanisgotocollegeafterhighschool?A.ShehadlearnedenoughaboutcomputerscienceB.ShehadmoredifficultykeepingfocusedC.ShepreferredtakingonlinecoursesD.Shewastooslowtolearn【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：為什么塔尼斯高中畢業(yè)后沒有上大學？由關鍵詞“college”可將信息定位至第四段的第二句：“mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn’t”，意思是，作者的疾病注意力缺陷多動障礙加重了，高中畢業(yè)之后想上大學，卻不能上。通過該疾病的名稱可知B項正確。2.Asfortheworkingenvironment,Tainsprefers____.A.workingbyherselfB.dealingwiththepublicC.competingagainstothersD.stayingwithADHDstudents【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：關于工作環(huán)境，Tains更喜歡___。根據(jù)關鍵詞“workingenvironment”將信息定位至倒數(shù)第三段的第一句“Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withoutdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.”（去年，我全心全意尋找工作，一份不需要同外界打交道，可以獨自開展，卻仍有個團隊可以交流的工作。）由此可知作者不想處理復雜的人際關系，喜歡獨自工作。所以至于工作環(huán)境，塔尼斯更喜歡獨自工作。故選A項。3.Taniswrotethisletterinorderto_____.A.explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputerB.sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionC.showhowgratefulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofar【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題。題干：Tanis寫這封信的目的是___。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart”（謝謝您，是您給了我希望，讓我可以追隨我的心），以及最后一段“Thisiswhyyou’resavingmylife.”（您拯救了我的生命）可知，C選項符合文意。二MusicOperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,withadditionalperformancesinMarchandSeptember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742..ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,whichoffersseveralconcertsfromMarchthroughJune.Call723-1182formoreinformation..SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300.RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallinsummeratRiverbend./home.asp.CollegeConservatoryofMusic(CCM):Performancesareonthemaincampus(校園)oftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater.CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCM’sPhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodernmusic.StudentswithI.D.cardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183./events/calendar.RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover(pricedifference).Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:232-6220..【文章大意】文章是一篇廣告類短文。共介紹了五個與音樂有關的活動，包括舉辦的地點，舉辦時間，活動內容和聯(lián)系方式等。4.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoseeanopera?A.241-2742.B.723-1182.C.381-3300.D.232-6220.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：如果你想看歌劇，打哪個電話？關鍵詞“opera”將信息定位至第一段，可直接找到電話號碼241-2742。故選A5.WhencanyougotoaconcertbyChamberOrchestra?A.February.B.May.C.August.D.November.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：什么時間可以看室內樂隊音樂會（concertbyChamberOrchestra）。關鍵詞“ChamberOrchestra”將信息定位至第二段。從中找到時間詞“MarchthroughJune”（3月到6月）。故選B。6.WherecanstudentsgoforfreeperformanceswiththeirI.D.cards?A.MusicHall.B.MemorialHall.C.PatriciaCobbettTheater.D.RiverbendMusicTheater.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：學生拿著自己的ID卡可以去哪里看免費演出？由關鍵詞“I.D.cards”將信息定位至第四個活動。本段出現(xiàn)兩個地點“maincampus”和“PatriciaCobbettTheater”。故選C。7.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?A.Ithasseatsintheopenair.B.Itgivesshowsallyearround.C.Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.D.Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。題干：RiverbendMusicTheater同其他地點有什么不同？根據(jù)RiverbendMusicTheater定位到最后一個活動，根據(jù)“Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover”可知，RiverbendMusicTheater是一個露天劇院。A項符合文意。三What’sOn?ElectricUnderground7.30pm－1.00amFreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho’splayinginyourarea?We’rebringingyouaneveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyoumusic.GeeWhizz8.30pm-10.30pmComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He’sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks(快餐).Simon’sWorkshop5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.CharlotteStone8.00pm-11.00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.【文章大意】本文屬于廣告類閱讀，分別介紹了四則廣告ElectricUnderground、GeeWhizz、Simon’sWorkshop、CharlotteStone的具體內容及細節(jié)信息。8.Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.JulesSkye.B.GeeWhizz.C.CharlotteStone.D.JamesPickering.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：如果你想制作音樂，誰能幫到你？由關鍵詞組“haveyourmusicproduced”將信息定位至第一則廣告最后一句He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic（他將討論你如何能找到合適的人為你制作音樂）。這里的he就指代前面一句話里出現(xiàn)的人名“JulesSkye”。故A正確。9.Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatreB.KaleidoscopeC.VictoriaStageD.PizzaWorld【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：各個年齡段的人都可以過得很開心的地方是哪里？由關鍵詞“peopleofdifferentages”和“enjoyagoodlaugh”將信息定位至第二則廣告（ComedyatKaleidoscope）第三句Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest（這個歡樂的節(jié)目能給所有人帶來快樂，從最年輕的人到最老的人）。故B正確。10.WhatdoweknowaboutSimon’sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub.D.ItisheldeveryWednesday.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：關于Simon’sWorkshop，我們知道什么？題干將信息定位到第三段。由于定位范圍比較大，我們根據(jù)選項信息去文中找對應點。A選項提到會員身份；B選項提到每次演出持續(xù)時間；C選項提到喜劇俱樂部；D選項提到周三。第三段沒有提到A、B、C相關信息；提到周三（WednesdaysatVictoriaStage）。故選D。11.WhenwillCharlotteStoneperformhersongs?A.5.00pm-7.30pm.B.7.30pm－1.00am.C.8.00pm-11.00pm.D.8.30pm-10.30pm.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：CharlotteStone什么時候表演歌曲？“CharlotteStone”將信息定位至最后一段。根據(jù)第四則廣告中的“8.00pm–11.00pmPizzaWorld”可知CharlotteStone將在晚上8點至11點之間表演她最受歡迎的歌曲。故C項正確。四NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合條件)forthisprogram.Whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社區(qū)).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(機會)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.【文章大意】文章介紹了省政府及其合作伙伴幫助學生暑期在找到工作所提供的許多項目。12.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：SummerCompany特別的地方是什么？關鍵詞“SummerCompany”將信息定位到“SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswith...awardsofupto＄3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses”（SummerCompany項目給創(chuàng)辦新業(yè)務的學生提供高達3000美元的獎勵金）。B項符合文意。13.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：StewardshipYouthRangerProgram項目的年齡要求是什么？關鍵詞“StewardshipYouthRangerProgram”和“agerange”將信息定位到“Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear”（“符合條件的學生：16歲或17歲的學生，但在今年12月31日之前未滿18歲”）。選項D項符合題意，故選D?！?4.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：哪個項目是針對殘障人士的？根據(jù)關鍵詞“disabled”，將信息定位至SummerEmploymentOpportunities段落中的句子“Whoiseligible:...Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability”（有些職位是針對15至24歲的學生或上至29歲的殘障人士）。D項符合題意，故選D。五Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate（低估）asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction（小部分）ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。哈佛醫(yī)學院科學家MargaretLivingstone帶領他的團隊通過反復實驗得出結論：猴子能算算術，且它們對大數(shù)值的關注勝過小數(shù)值。15.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：研究人員在測試猴子之前會對它們做什么？根據(jù)關鍵詞組“beforetestingthem”，將信息定位至首段前兩句“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0－25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.”(一組研究人員訓練三個獼猴建立26個不同符號同獎勵水滴或果汁滴之間的聯(lián)系。然后他們測試這些猴子如何通過組合這些符號獲得獎勵)。由此可知答案選C。16.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：在實驗中，猴子怎么獲得獎勵？根據(jù)關鍵詞“reward”，將信息定位至第一段和第二段。第一段里出現(xiàn)兩處，分別提到獎勵內容（asareward）和如何獲得獎勵（how）；第二段最后一句（Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample）講到，如果猴子觸摸左邊的屏幕，會被獎勵7滴水或果汁；如果它去圓圈那里，被獎勵的水或果汁的滴數(shù)是圓圈里數(shù)字的總和，這個例子中是17滴?？梢姡镒佑|摸那邊的屏幕，相應屏幕上顯示的數(shù)字或數(shù)字總和就是它被獎勵水或果汁的滴數(shù)。故選B。17.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：關于猴子，Livingstone的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？題干里的“find”同第三段里的indicating相對應，后面的賓語從句就是問題的答案：thattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.（它們不僅僅能記住每次組合，還會計算）。只有A符合該文意。18.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.【答案】D【解析】文章出處題。題干：該文章應該出現(xiàn)在報紙的哪個版塊？根據(jù)全文可知，本文講述了科學家們通過科學實驗得出猴子能夠算算術的結論。由此可知，該文章可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學版上。故選D。六Whileweatherforecasterscanmakefairlyaccuratepredictions,there’salwaystheriskyou’llbecaughtoutwhiledrivingintherain.Butthedaysofhavingtoquicklycloseyoursunroofcouldsoonbeathingofthepast，thankstoJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnology.Thefirmisdevelopingcarsthatcanadaptautomaticallybyclosingwindowsandroofsorstartingtheheateriftheydetectbadweatherisontheway.Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure，humidity(濕度)andlightsensors(傳感器)tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.Carsequippedwiththesystemcouldmakeslightchangestotheairconditioningifitfindstheweatherisgettingwarmerduringajourneyorincreasethecabintemperatureifitwillgetcolder.Theforecastmayindicatethereisapossibilityofoneormoreweatherconditions,suchasrain，withinaperiodoftime，suchasfiveminutes.Thevehiclemaythenadapttothelocalweatherconditions.Inparticular,itmaycloseoneormorewindows，orclosearoofofthevehicleinresponsetoaforecastofrain.Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(電致變色的)glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.Althoughitisunclearwhetherthistechnologywillmakeitswaytoaproductionvehicleanytimesoon,suchasystemwouldbeadvantageousonautonomousvehicles.Sincethere’snohumandriverpresent,thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers，basedoncurrentweatherconditions.Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了捷豹路虎公司最新的一項技術，它的天氣預報系統(tǒng)通過傳感器來預測天氣變化并對車輛自身進行相應的調整。19.HowwillJaguarLandRover’slatesttechnologybenefitdrivers?A．Vehiclescanautomaticallydrivethemselves.B．Vehiclescanfindpositionsandroutesthemselves.C．Vehiclescanactasmobileweatherforecastingstations.D．Vehiclescanopenwindowsandsunroofsautomatically.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：司機們將如何受益于捷豹路虎的最新技術？因為本文的話題圍繞捷豹路虎的最新技術展開，“l(fā)atesttechnology”不是尋找答案信息點的有效關鍵詞。司機也同樣不是有效關鍵詞。我們通過“benefit”將信息定位至第二段第二句里的“help”。這句話“Theweatherforecastingsystemusesasetofairpressure，humidity(濕度)andlightsensors(傳感器)tohelpitsvehiclespredictchangesinconditionsandadapttothem.”的意思是，天氣預測系統(tǒng)可以利用空氣壓、濕度和光感器幫助汽車預測天氣變化，并調整車身以適應變化。C項符合題意。20.Whatisthefeatureoftheglassofavehiclewiththenewtechnology?A．Itcanhelpadjusttheinsidetemperature.B．Itcanstillbeclearinrainydays.C．Itistoostrongtobreakintopieces.D．Itscolourcanchangewiththesunshine.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：采用該技術的汽車的玻璃有什么特點？根據(jù)關鍵詞“glass”，將信息定位至第三段末句“Similarly，windowscouldbedarkenedusingelectrochromic(電致變色的)glasstoimprovevisibilityifbrightsunshineisforecast.”采用新技術的汽車玻璃的顏色會隨著陽光而改變。故D選項正確。21.Whatcanweknowabouttheweatherforecastingsystemfromthetext?A．Itisintelligentenoughtostopraining.B．Itmakesthedrivermorecomfortable.C．Itcan’tpredicttheweatheraccurately.D．Itmakesautonomouscarssaferinbadweather.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：關于天氣預測系統(tǒng)，我們能從文中獲得什么信息？由于全文都是在介紹這個天氣預測系統(tǒng)新技術，用它做關鍵詞不能準確定位答案位置。所以要根據(jù)選項的信息點去文中找對應點。A說該系統(tǒng)能讓雨停；B說它能讓司機舒服；C說它預測天氣不準確；D說它能使自動駕駛汽車更安全的應對惡劣天氣。首先排除嚴重不合情理的A。根據(jù)文中“thesystemwillallowthevehicletomakeitcomfortableforitspassengers（使乘客舒服）”排除B；因為通篇都在介紹該系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點，故排除C。排除法得出答案D。同時，D選項里的safer也對得上文末“Itcanalsomakethevehiclesaferifitknowsrainorsnowiscoming”句子里的safer。22.Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?A．Abookreview.B．Asciencereport.C．Asciencefictionstory.D．Atravelbrochure.【答案】B【解析】文章出處題。題干：該文可能出自哪里？文章介紹了捷豹路虎公司最新的一項科學技術，因此本文應該出自一份科學報道。故B選項正確。七TheNationalAirandSpaceMuseuminWashington,DChasthousandsofobjectsondisplay,includingthe1903WrightFlyer,CharlesLindbergh’sSpiritofSt.Louis,theApolloⅡCommandModuleColumbia,andalunarrockyoucantouch.Inadditiontoourexhibitiongalleries,youmaywanttovisittheAlbertEinsteinPlanetarium,LockheedMartinIMAXTheater,andthePublicObservatoryontheeastend.TherearemanythingstodoattheMuseuminDC.Weofferdailytoursandeducationalactivitiesforbothchildrenandadults.Wealsohavescheduledlecturesandeventsthroughouttheyear.Hours&Admission:OpeneverydayexceptDecember25.Admissionisfree.RegularHours:10:00amto5:30pmExtendedHours:10:00amto7:30pmDecember26—30,2014.March30—April20,2015.FridaysandSaturdays,April24—May16,2015.May17—September7,2015.VISITINGTIPS:LimittheNumberofBags:Allvisitorsarescreenedthroughmetaldetectorsuponentry.ThefeweritemsyoubringinsidetheMuseum,thefasteryourentry.Beforeyouvisit,pleasereviewthelistofprohibiteditems,whichincludepocketknivesandtripods(三腳架).VisitorscarryingprohibiteditemswillnotbeallowedinsidetheMuseum,sopleaseleavethemathomeorinyourcar.NoFoodandDrink:OnlybottledwaterispermittedintheMuseum.YoumayonlyconsumefoodandotherdrinksintheFoodCourt,notintheMuseum.GroupswhobringfoodareencouragedtopicnicontheNationalMall.PleaseTakePhotos:Youarewelcometotakephotosforpersonaluse.However,tripodsandmonopods(單腳架)arenotpermittedwithoutapproval.FirstAid:TheMuseumhasaFirstAidofficeandanurseonduty.PleasecontactthenearestsecurityofficerortheWelcomeCenterforassistance.VisittheWelcomeCenter:AtourWelcomeCenterintheSouthLobby,staffandvolunteerscanansweranyquestionyouhaveduringyourvisit.Open10:00amto5:30pmPhone:202-633-2214E-mail:NASM-VisitorServices@si.edu【文章大意】本文主要介紹了美國國家航空航天博物館的參觀時間和注意事項等。23.Accordingtothepassage,theNationalAirandSpaceMuseumisamuseum______.A.whereonlyadultscantakepartinsomeeducationalactivitiesB.everyonecanpayavisittowithoutbuyingticketsC.whereonecantouchanythinghelikesD.everyonecanvisitwithouttimelimitsalltheyearround【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：根據(jù)本文，美國國家航空航天博物館是一個___樣的博物館？NationalAirandSpaceMuseum不是有效定位詞，我們需要帶著選項去文中找對應點。A提到成人，同“bothchildrenandadults”相矛盾；B提到不需要買票，和文中的“Admissionisfree”相符。故選B。另外，選項C不合情理；選項D，說法太絕對。24.IftheGreensplantovisittheMuseumat6:00pm,itisaccessibleon______.A.December24,2014B.March1,2015C.July6,2015D.September15,2015【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：假如Greens一家計劃下午六點去參觀該博物館，什么時候可以去？題干在問參觀時間。根據(jù)“December26-30,2014.March30-April20,2015.FridaysandSaturdays,April24-May16,2015.May17-September7,2015.”可知，只有C選項在此區(qū)間內,所以選C。25.Avisitortothemuseumcan______.A.eatanddrinkintheMuseumorintheFoodCourtB.takephotoswithtripodsforpersonaluseC.bringfewerbagstogothroughmetaldetectorsD.getsomemedicaltreatmentifhesuddenlyfallsill【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：參觀博物館的人可以___。沒有關鍵詞可以直接定位答案的位置。需要帶著選項去文中找對應點。根據(jù)常識可以直接排除A（在博物館或飲食廳可以吃飯喝水）和B（為個人目的使用三腳架拍照）。C選項說可以帶較少的包包過安檢；D選項說如果突然病了，可以得到醫(yī)療幫助。C選項同“LimittheNumberofBags”意思相近；D選項同“TheMuseumhasaFirstAidofficeandanurseonduty”相符。故選D。26.Thepurposeofthispassageisto______.A.makeanadvertisementforthemuseumB.attractpeopletoexploretheuniverseC.encourageadultstobringtheirchildrenthereD.showwhatisondisplayinthemuseum【答案】A【解析】目的意圖題。題干：本文的目的是____。本文主要介紹了美國國家航空航天博物館的參觀時間和注意事項等,所以本文是一則廣告,故選A。八SanFranciscoFireEngineToursSanFranciscoWineryTourRunning:February1stthroughApril30thThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatthefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohastooffer.(Includedinticketsprice)DepartingfromtheCannery:Tourtimesuponrequest.Duration(時長):2hoursPrice:$90BacktotheFiftiesTourRunning:August16ththroughAugust31stThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco’smostfantasticperiods,the1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:00pmDuration:2hoursPrice:$9SpookyHalloweenTourRunning:October10ththroughOctober31stJoinusforaridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(服裝)isprovidedforyourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pmDuration:1hourand30minutesPrice:AvailableuponrequestHolidayLightsTourRunning:December6ththroughDecember23ndThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancis’smostcheerfulholidayscenes.Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pmDuration:1hourand30minutesAdvancereservationsrequired.【文章大意】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹了在舊金山可乘坐消防車游覽的幾條旅行路線的開設時間、可看到的風景、出發(fā)時間、持續(xù)時長以及價格等信息。27.WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?A.SanFranciscoWineryTour.B.BacktotheFiftiesTour.C.SpookyHallowenTour.D.HolidayLightsTour.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：哪條路線在3月份開放？根據(jù)關鍵詞“March”，將信息定位至第一段（SanFranciscoWineryTour）的“Running:February1stthroughApril30th”。故選A28.WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTours?A.GotoTreasureIsland.B.Enjoytheholidayscenes.C.Havefreeicecream.D.VisitthePresidiodistrict.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：游覽BacktotheFiftiesTours這條路線時，游客可以做什么？快速瀏覽關于“BacktotheFiftiesTour”的信息，可以看到兩個核心名詞“history”和“icecream”。這句話的意思是，當我們帶你游覽舊金山的時候，你可以好好欣賞一下它那有趣的歷史，還可以品嘗免費的冰淇淋。故選C。29.WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?A.Takesomedrinks.B.Setoffearlyinthemorning.C.Wearwarmclothes.D.Makereservationsinadvance.【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：要游覽HolidayLightsTour這條路線的話，需要做什么？快速掃讀關于HolidayLightsTour的信息，文中沒有提到drinks（排除A），沒有提到morning（排除B），也沒有提到clothes（排除C），提到的“Advancereservationsrequired.”同D選項相符。故選D。九Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(監(jiān)控)indifferentways,researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,”saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication—e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消極的),butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激發(fā))onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook,“Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.”【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文。主要介紹了在社交媒體和網絡中，積極信息要比消極消息傳播的更快、更遠。人們不想被朋友認為自己不顧及他人的感受，于是會傳播帶有積極意義的、科學的信息。30.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?A.Newsreports．B.Researchpapers．C.Privatee-mails．D.Dailyconversations．【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干：文中提到的經典法則適用于哪里？由關鍵詞“rules”將信息定位至第一段的第三句：“Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheevening