2022年高考英語真題和模擬題分類匯編專題03非謂語動(dòng)詞和交際用語

專題03非謂語動(dòng)詞&交際用語一、2022年高考真題（2022年全國(guó)甲卷語法填空）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___61___(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot....Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers___69___Xi’antoKashgaronSept.20,____70____(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.（2022年全國(guó)甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.（2022年全國(guó)乙卷語法填空）ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63（address）theopeningceremony."...Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66（share）futureformankind,"hesaid.68（strengthen）theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,69（invite）twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.3.（2022年全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò)）Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon'tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.(2022年全國(guó)高考新高考I卷語法填空)TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).__56___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___57___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.二、2022屆模擬題1.（2022·河南新鄉(xiāng)·二模語法填空）Thefirstcreature____31____(orbit)ourplanetwasjust2yearsold.HernamewasLaika.Shewasagooddog....Ourfirststepsintospacebegan.Laika____37____(follow)intoorbitfouryearslaterbythefirsthuman,YuriAlekseyevichGagarin....Thathasn’tstoppedpeoplefromsigningupandblastingoff.NASA’sApolloprogramhadended____39____privatecompaniesarereadyingtheirownspaceprograms.Acompany______40______(name)SpaceXishopingtolandcivilianastronautsonMars.Maybeyou’llbeamemberofthem.Don’tforgettobringyourdog.2.（2022·山東·模擬預(yù)測(cè)語法填空）___7___(aim)torecalltradition,thedesignteamappliedthe___8___(pattern),colors,andtechniquesofYi'sculture___9___theircontemporaryfashiondesign,includingT-shirts,jackets,shirtsandotheressentials.3.（2022·廣東梅州·一模語法填空）WhileIwasconcentratedonphotographingthis____4____(amaze)thing,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched....Mylegsstartedshaking.SomehowIforcedmyfinger____8____(press)thebutton.4.（2022·福建省福州第一中學(xué)三模）Itisestimatedthatbytheendofthisyear,thenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89million,withtotalsales___2___(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.___3___(satisfy)thediversetastesoftoday’syouth,sellersareputtingfancydecorationsonthisancientcostume.Butotherssaidclothingwithfancyandmoderndecorationscan’tbeseenashanfuatall.5.（2022·湖南·二模語法填空）Inthiscity,thereisthePu'erMonumenttotheNationalUnityOath,knownas"theNo.1MonumentofNewChinaforNationalUnity",MenglianXuanfusiDepartment___14___(reflect)thehistoryandcultureoftheDainationality,andabatchofnationaldancesandsongsenjoyinggreat___15___(popular)including"TrothPlighting"and"AwaPeopleSingNewSongs".6.（2022·廣東梅州·二模語法填空）Inrecentyears,“MadeinChina”has____22____(increasing)beenrecognizedastherepresentationofChineseculture____23____(offer)byhomegrownChinesebrands,orsimply“China-Chic.”...Theeye-catchingcolorsandstylescreatedavisualfeastthatmanyhaveneverseenbefore,quickly____28____(turn)thecollectionsintobestsellers.7.（2022·甘肅蘭州·一模語法填空）China’saccumulatedexperienceinreducingfoodlossandwasteisbeingsharedwiththeworld.Thisknowledgewillhelpmanycountriesimprovetheirability___31___(reduce)foodlossandensurefoodsecurity,expertsandofficialssaid.AccordingtotheFAO,over155millionpeopleexperiencedseriousfoodinsecurityin2020,the___34___(high)numberinthepastfiveyears.Thiswascausedbyconflict,extremeweathereventsandeconomicshocks___35___(relate)toCOVID-19.8.（2022·陜西·寶雞市渭濱區(qū)教研室模擬預(yù)測(cè)語法填空）Youareinthecaronthewaytowork.You’realittlenervous,___41___(fear)thatyoumightbelate....Intheearly20thcentury,HenryFord,thefounderoftheHenryFordMotorCompany,probablyneverimagined___46___hisproductionsystemwouldmeantotheworld.Whilehehopedtomakeautomobiles___47___(access)totheaverageAmericans,helikelyneverdreamedtheworld___48___(reach)thepointithastoday.Thereareoveronebillionautomobilesinourworldnow.9.（2022·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·二模語法填空）NinaMistryhasturned30andherlifeisnotwhereshewantsittobe.Sheisnothappywithherjobas____1____journalistandhasgrownapartfromherfriendsandcolleagues.Shehasnochoice____2____tolivewithherparents.Suddenlyitseemsto____3____(they)thatNinahasbecomean____4____(extreme)unhappyteenagerwholacksdirectionratherthananadultlivingherownlife.____5____(see)theiraimlessdaughtereveryday,theyareverydisappointed.ThenNinarunsacrossaselfhelpbook,30ThingsILoveAboutMyself,____6____(write)byRadhikaSanghani.ThebookhasinspiredNina____7____(spend)thenextyeartryingtobecomeherownbiggestfanandwritingaboutthe____8____(thirtieth)thingsthatsheistrulyproudaboutherself.10．（2021·四川·成都外國(guó)語學(xué)校模擬預(yù)測(cè)短文改錯(cuò)）Sheshoutedthattwochildreninthedeeperwaterappearedtobeingindanger....Afterrescuingthem,myfatherwasverytiring,butwheninterviewed,hesaidwhathedidwasrealnormal.11．（2022·四川·涼山彝族自治州教育科學(xué)研究所二模短文改錯(cuò)）IlikesurfingtheInternetanddosports.12．（2022·安徽馬鞍山·一模短文改錯(cuò)）Itofferedusachancetogetclosetonature，andmadeusknowtheimportanceofprotecttheenvironment.13．（2022·新疆師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)一模短文改錯(cuò)）Onesummerday,myfatherandIwaswalkingourdogthroughourneighborhood.Halfanhourlateron,ourdogbecamethirsty.Wehavetocutourwalkshorttogohomeandgetitadrink.That'swhenwegottheideatobuildthewaterstationinourfrontyardfortheneighborhooddogstousing.14．（2022·四川·綿陽中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè)短文改錯(cuò)）Beforetheholiday,Ithoughtaboutdoingsomethingmeaningfully.Suddenly,IrememberedthattherewasalotofprimaryschoolstudentsputtingupsmallshopsandsellredbagsonthestreetlastSpringFestival.專題03非謂語動(dòng)詞&交際用語一、2022年高考真題（2022年全國(guó)甲卷語法填空）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___61___(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot....Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers___69___Xi’antoKashgaronSept.20,____70____(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.61.【答案】tojourney【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，一名來自北京的盲人徒步40天來到西安，作為“一帶一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子結(jié)合句意可知，journey為動(dòng)詞，表示“旅行”，step前面有序數(shù)詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填tojourney。69.【答案】from【解析】考查介詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步返回到西安。根據(jù)句意和Xi’antoKashgar可知，此處表示“從西安飛往喀什”，應(yīng)用介詞from，固定搭配from…to…表示“從……到……”。故填from。70.【答案】planning【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：9月20日，他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什，計(jì)劃在五個(gè)月內(nèi)徒步返回到西安。分析句子可知，已有謂語動(dòng)詞flew，所以動(dòng)詞plan(計(jì)劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動(dòng)。故填planning。（2022年全國(guó)甲卷短文改錯(cuò)）Iwasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoolate.【詳解】5.【答案】talk前面加to【解析】考查短語。句意：我不愿意和他交談，經(jīng)常違反他讓我不要在外面待到很晚的規(guī)定。bewillingtodo意思為：愿意做，為固定短語。故在talk前面加to。6.【答案】stay→staying【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。of為介詞，后面的動(dòng)詞stay用動(dòng)名詞形式staying作賓語。故將stay改為staying。（2022年全國(guó)乙卷語法填空）ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety63（address）theopeningceremony."...Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha66（share）futureformankind,"hesaid.68（strengthen）theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,69（invite）twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.addressed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：中國(guó)文化促進(jìn)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)在開幕式上致辭。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時(shí)。故填addressed。66.shared【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這有助于構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語來修飾名詞future。非謂語動(dòng)詞share和名詞future之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。故填shared。68.Tostrengthen【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表達(dá)“為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系”，需要用不定式作目的狀語。故填Tostrengthen。69.inviting【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來自世界各地的29名茶葉專業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，邏輯主語theevent與invite之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填inviting。3.（2022年全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò)）Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon'tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnotcauseairpollution.4.【答案】Whether→If或Whether→When【解析】考查狀語從句連接詞。句意：當(dāng)你騎自行車的時(shí)候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，該句闡述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，需用if或when引導(dǎo)；位于句首，注意首字母大寫。故將Whether改為If或改為When。5.【答案】they→you【解析】考查代詞。句意：所以你不會(huì)制造出二氧化碳，也不會(huì)造成空氣污染。根據(jù)前一句中的人稱you可知，這里假設(shè)“你”騎自行車，前后人稱應(yīng)保持一致。故將they改為you。6.【答案】cause→causing【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：所以你不會(huì)制造出二氧化碳，也不會(huì)造成空氣污染。本句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故將cause改為causing。(2022年全國(guó)高考新高考I卷語法填空)TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).__56___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___57___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__58___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___59___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.56.【答案】Covering【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中以及有一謂語動(dòng)詞作非謂語“willbe”，且無連詞，動(dòng)詞cover需要用非謂語的形式。cover和句子的邏輯主語theGPNP為邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。本句句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國(guó)家公園的三倍，將成為中國(guó)首批國(guó)家公園之一。故填Covering。57.【答案】the【解析】考查冠詞。本句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/length...)＋ofB，表示“是B（大小/重量/長(zhǎng)度...）的多少倍。本句句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國(guó)家公園的三倍，將成為中國(guó)首批國(guó)家公園之一。故填the。58.【答案】were【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為asignificantnumberofareas，先行詞在從句中作主語，根據(jù)“previously(之前地)”可知從句講的是過去未受保護(hù)，所以要用一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語復(fù)數(shù)形式。本句句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。故填were。59.【答案】toincrease【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞“willextend”，剩下的這個(gè)“increase”作非謂語，由句意可知，increase在此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的不定式的形式。本句句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。故填toincrease。二、2022屆模擬題1.（2022·河南新鄉(xiāng)·二模語法填空）Thefirstcreature____31____(orbit)ourplanetwasjust2yearsold.HernamewasLaika.Shewasagooddog....Ourfirststepsintospacebegan.Laika____37____(follow)intoorbitfouryearslaterbythefirsthuman,YuriAlekseyevichGagarin....Thathasn’tstoppedpeoplefromsigningupandblastingoff.NASA’sApolloprogramhadended____39____privatecompaniesarereadyingtheirownspaceprograms.Acompany______40______(name)SpaceXishopingtolandcivilianastronautsonMars.Maybeyou’llbeamemberofthem.Don’tforgettobringyourdog.31．【答案】toorbit【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：第一個(gè)繞地球運(yùn)行的生物才兩歲。動(dòng)詞的修飾名詞或代詞前面有序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，應(yīng)用不定式，作后置定語。故填toorbit。37．【答案】wasfollowed【解析】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：萊卡進(jìn)入太空四年后，第一個(gè)人類尤里·阿列克謝耶維奇·加加林(YuriAlekseyevichGagarin)也被送入軌道。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處要填謂語動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)文意，此處要用一般過去時(shí)；句子主語Laika與所填動(dòng)詞follow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填wasfollowed。39．【答案】but【解析】考查連詞。句意：美國(guó)宇航局的阿波羅計(jì)劃已經(jīng)結(jié)束，但是私人公司正在為他們自己的太空計(jì)劃做準(zhǔn)備。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)該填連詞；根據(jù)句意，空格前后句有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。40．【答案】named【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一家名為SpaceX的公司希望將平民宇航員送上火星。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處要填非謂語動(dòng)詞，在句中作定語，修飾前面的名詞SpaceX；所填詞name與該名詞之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，意為“被稱作”。故填named。2.（2022·山東·模擬預(yù)測(cè)語法填空）___7___(aim)torecalltradition,thedesignteamappliedthe___8___(pattern),colors,andtechniquesofYi'sculture___9___theircontemporaryfashiondesign,includingT-shirts,jackets,shirtsandotheressentials.【答案】7．a(chǎn)iming8．patterns9．to【解析】7．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了喚起傳統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)將彝族文化的圖案、色彩和技術(shù)運(yùn)用到他們的當(dāng)代服裝設(shè)計(jì)中，包括T恤、夾克、襯衫和其他必需品。thedesignteam與aim之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語，表主動(dòng)，故填A(yù)iming。8．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：為了喚起傳統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)將彝族文化的圖案、色彩和技術(shù)運(yùn)用到他們的當(dāng)代服裝設(shè)計(jì)中，包括T恤、夾克、襯衫和其他必需品。pattern在此為可數(shù)名詞，且與colors和techniques并列，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填patterns。9．考查介詞。句意：為了喚起傳統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)將彝族文化的圖案、色彩和技術(shù)運(yùn)用到他們的當(dāng)代服裝設(shè)計(jì)中，包括T恤、夾克、襯衫和其他必需品。apply…to…是固定搭配，表示“將……應(yīng)用于……”。故填to。3.（2022·廣東梅州·一模語法填空）WhileIwasconcentratedonphotographingthis____4____(amaze)thing,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched....Mylegsstartedshaking.SomehowIforcedmyfinger____8____(press)thebutton.【答案】4．a(chǎn)mazing8．topress【解析】4．考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)我集中精力拍攝這一驚人的事情時(shí)，我突然有一種被監(jiān)視的感覺。根據(jù)后文名詞thing可知，此處應(yīng)用amaze以ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，作定語，修飾事物。故填amazing。8．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：不知怎么的，我強(qiáng)迫我的手指按下了按鈕。forcesb/sthtodosth“強(qiáng)迫某人或某物干某事”是固定句式，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填topress。4.（2022·福建省福州第一中學(xué)三模）Itisestimatedthatbytheendofthisyear,thenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89million,withtotalsales___2___(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.___3___(satisfy)thediversetastesoftoday’syouth,sellersareputtingfancydecorationsonthisancientcostume.Butotherssaidclothingwithfancyandmoderndecorationscan’tbeseenashanfuatall.【答案】2．expected3．Tosatisfy【解析】2．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，到今年年底，全國(guó)使用漢服產(chǎn)品的人數(shù)將達(dá)到689萬人，總銷售額預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到101.6億元。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。名詞totalsales與動(dòng)詞expect是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)詞過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填expected。3．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了滿足當(dāng)今年輕人多樣化的口味，賣家們?cè)谶@身古裝上添加了花哨的裝飾。分析句意可知，這里是表目的用，所以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“為了”。故填Tosatisfy。5.（2022·湖南·二模語法填空）Inthiscity,thereisthePu'erMonumenttotheNationalUnityOath,knownas"theNo.1MonumentofNewChinaforNationalUnity",MenglianXuanfusiDepartment___14___(reflect)thehistoryandcultureoftheDainationality,andabatchofnationaldancesandsongsenjoyinggreat___15___(popular)including"TrothPlighting"and"AwaPeopleSingNewSongs".【答案】14．reflecting15．popularity【解析】14．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在這座城市里，有被稱為“新中國(guó)民族團(tuán)結(jié)第一紀(jì)念碑”的普洱民族團(tuán)結(jié)誓詞紀(jì)念碑，反映傣族歷史文化的孟連宣福寺，以及一批深受歡迎的民族歌舞，包括《長(zhǎng)跑》和《阿華人唱新歌》。MenglianXuanfusiDepartment與reflect在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語。故填reflecting。15．考查名詞。enjoy后接名詞popularity作賓語。故填popularity。6.（2022·廣東梅州·二模語法填空）Inrecentyears,“MadeinChina”has____22____(increasing)beenrecognizedastherepresentationofChineseculture____23____(offer)byhomegrownChinesebrands,orsimply“China-Chic.”...Theeye-catchingcolorsandstylescreatedavisualfeastthatmanyhaveneverseenbefore,quickly____28____(turn)thecollectionsintobestsellers.【答案】22.increasingly23.offered28.turning【解析】22．考查副詞。句意：近年來，“中國(guó)制造”越來越被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)本土品牌提供的中國(guó)文化的代表，或簡(jiǎn)稱為“中國(guó)風(fēng)”?？崭裉幱酶痹~修飾動(dòng)詞recognized，increasing的副詞是increasingly，意為“越來越多地”，故填increasingly。23．考查過去分詞。句中謂語是“has_____(increasing)beenrecognized”，空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，由by可知，空格處用過去分詞offered表被動(dòng)，故填offered。28．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：引人注目的色彩和風(fēng)格創(chuàng)造了許多人從未見過的視覺盛宴，迅速將這些系列變成暢銷書。句中謂語是created，空格處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，前面描述的事情和turn之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞turning表主動(dòng)，故填turning。7.（2022·甘肅蘭州·一模語法填空）China’saccumulatedexperienceinreducingfoodlossandwasteisbeingsharedwiththeworld.Thisknowledgewillhelpmanycountriesimprovetheirability___31___(reduce)foodlossandensurefoodsecurity,expertsandofficialssaid.AccordingtotheFAO,over155millionpeopleexperiencedseriousfoodinsecurityin2020,the___34___(high)numberinthepastfiveyears.Thiswascausedbyconflict,extremeweathereventsandeconomicshocks___35___(relate)toCOVID-19.【答案】31.toreduce34.highest35.related【解析】31．考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這一知識(shí)能幫助很多國(guó)家來提升他們減少食物損失的能力，并且能確保食物安全。此處做theability的定語，“做某事的能力”表達(dá)為theabilitytodosth.，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式做定語，故填toreduce。34．考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：根據(jù)FAO，超過15億5000萬人在2020年經(jīng)歷了嚴(yán)重的食物不安全問題，是過去五年內(nèi)最高值。根據(jù)此空前定冠詞the可知，此處表示“近五年來最高值”，故應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)，故填highest。35．考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意：這是由沖突、極端氣候和與新冠相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)沖擊引起的。此處做economicshocks的定語，economicshocks與relate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，故填related。8.（2022·陜西·寶雞市渭濱區(qū)教研室模擬預(yù)測(cè)語法填空）Youareinthecaronthewaytowork.You’realittlenervous,___41___(fear)thatyoumightbelate....Intheearly20thcentury,HenryFord,thefounderoftheHenryFordMotorCompany,probablyneverimagined___46___hisproductionsystemwouldmeantotheworld.Whilehehopedtomakeautomobiles___47___(access)totheaverageAmericans,helikelyneverdreamedtheworld___48___(reach)thepointithastoday.Thereareoveronebillionautomobilesinourworldnow.【答案】41.fearing47.accessible48.toreach【解析】41．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你有點(diǎn)緊張，害怕遲到。此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作伴隨狀語，You與fear之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，故填fearing。46．考查賓語從句。句意：20世紀(jì)初，亨利·福特汽車公司的創(chuàng)始人亨利·福特可能從未想過他的生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)對(duì)世界意味著什么。此處為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，指物，故填what。47．考查形容詞。句意：雖然他希望讓普通美國(guó)人可以使用汽車，但他可能從未想到世界能達(dá)到今天的程度。此處為“make+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，用形容詞accessible作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填accessible。48．考查不定式。句意同上，dreamsbtodo夢(mèng)想到某人會(huì)做某事，不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填toreach。9.（2022·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·二模語法填空）NinaMistryhasturned30andherlifeisnotwhereshewantsittobe.Sheisnothappywithherjobas____1____journalistandhasgrownapartfromherfriendsandcolleagues.Shehasnochoice____2____tolivewithherparents.Suddenlyitseemsto____3____(they)thatNinahasbecomean____4____(extreme)unhappyteenagerwholacksdirectionratherthananadultlivingherownlife.____5____(see)theiraimlessdaughtereveryday,theyareverydisappointed.ThenNinarunsacrossaselfhelpbook,30ThingsILoveAboutMyself,____6____(write)byRadhikaSanghani.ThebookhasinspiredNina____7____(spend)thenextyeartryingtobecomeherownbiggestfanandwritingaboutthe____8____(thirtieth)thingsthatsheistrulyproudaboutherself.1．考查冠詞。句意：作為一名記者，她對(duì)自己的工作不滿意，與朋友和同事之間的距離也越來越遠(yuǎn)。根據(jù)句型分析可知，journalist前需要加冠詞，且表泛指概念。故填a。2．考查連詞。句意：她別無選擇，只能和父母住在一起。此句考查havenochoicebuttodo表“別無選擇除了做……”,為固定句型。故填but。3．考查代詞。句意：在他們看來，Nina突然變成了一個(gè)極度不快樂的青少年，她缺乏方向，而不是一個(gè)過著自己生活的成年人。此處考查itseemstosb.that表“在某人看來”，為固定句型，其中sb應(yīng)用賓格人稱代詞形式。故填them。4．考查副詞。句意見上題解析。由空后的“unhappy”可知，此空應(yīng)填副詞修飾后面形容詞。故填extremely。5．考查非謂語。句意：每天看到漫無目的的女兒，他們都很失望。根據(jù)句型分析可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)形式，且they和see為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填Seeing。6．考查非謂語。句意：然后Nina偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本由拉迪卡·桑哈尼（RadhikaSanghani）寫的自助書《我愛自己的30件事》。根據(jù)句型分析可知，此空應(yīng)填非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)形式，且book和write為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填過去分詞作狀語。故填written。7．考查非謂語。句意：這本書激勵(lì)Nina在接下來的一年里努力成為自己最大的粉絲，并寫下她真正為自己感到自豪的30件事。此處考查inspiresb.todosth.表“鼓舞某人做某事”，為固定短語搭配。故填tospend。8．考查數(shù)詞。句意見上題解析。根據(jù)此空后面的名詞復(fù)數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式things可知，前面應(yīng)用基數(shù)詞。故填thirty。9．考查名詞。句意：寫作計(jì)劃并不容易，但她的讀者跟隨她踏上了自我接納和自信的征程。根據(jù)句型分析可知，此空應(yīng)和and前self-acceptance為并列關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填名詞結(jié)構(gòu)形式，且confidence為不可數(shù)名詞。故填confidence。10．考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)Nina發(fā)現(xiàn)自己真正想要的生活時(shí)，她的成長(zhǎng)也引發(fā)了父母和周圍其他人的變化。根據(jù)句型分析可知，這句是賓語從句，且從句中缺賓語，指代物，所以應(yīng)用連接代詞what。故填what。10．（2021·四川·成都外國(guó)語學(xué)校模擬預(yù)測(cè)短文改錯(cuò)）Sheshoutedthattwochildreninthedeeperwaterappearedtobeingindanger....Afterrescuingthem,myfatherwasverytiring,butwheninterviewed,hesaidwhathedidwasrealnormal.【答案】1.being→be。2.tiring→tired。3.real→really?！窘馕觥?.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她大喊著兩個(gè)深水區(qū)的孩子好像有危險(xiǎn)。這里appear后跟不定式，appeartodo/be意為“好像……”，being應(yīng)改為原形be。故把being改為be。2.考查形容詞化的分詞。句意：救下他們后，我父親累得不行。此處形容詞作表語，描述主