高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語北師大版必修五Unit15Learning

Unit15Learning一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)rrown． 箭2．oxygenn. 氧氣，氧3．tickvt. 打勾做記號4．oxn. 牛，公牛5．spellingn. 拼寫6．jarn. 罐子，壇子7．*lumpn. 塊，團(tuán)8．throatn. 咽喉，喉嚨[第二屏聽寫]9．postagen． 郵費(fèi)10．a(chǎn)irmailn. 航空郵政11．usern. 使用者12．a(chǎn)lphabetn. 字母表13．drilln. 練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練14．motton. 座右銘，格言15．looseadj. (指言行等)不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?，放蕩?6．looseconduct 行為不檢點(diǎn)，品行不端[第三屏聽寫]17．receivern． 接收者18．backwardsadv. 由后向前地19．a(chǎn)nglen. 角20．trianglen. 三角形21．a(chǎn)tomn. 原子22．powdern. 火藥23．flamen. 火焰，火舌24．spitvi. 吐痰，吐口水[第四屏聽寫]25．statusn． 現(xiàn)狀；社會地位26．chiefadj. 最高級別的27．sayingn. 格言，諺語28．dragvt. 拖，拉29．a(chǎn)cidn. 酸30．onionn. 洋蔥31．spyn. 間諜，特務(wù)32．gluen. 膠，膠水[第五屏聽寫]33．fellown． 同伴34．fellowstudents 同學(xué)35．bureaucraticadj. 官僚的36．kingdomn. 王國37．biochemistryn. 生物化學(xué)38．choirn. 合唱隊(duì)，合唱團(tuán)39．*imagen. 比喻；景象，形象40．civilisationn. 文明Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第六屏聽寫]1．correctionn． 改正，改進(jìn)2．simplifyvt. 簡化3．secureadj. 穩(wěn)定的；無憂無慮的4．*franklyadv. 真誠地，坦率地5．frankly_speaking_ 坦率地說6．lay_off_ 裁員；解雇7．blankadj. 空白的8．suspectv. 懷疑[第七屏聽寫]9．instructv． 指導(dǎo)，教導(dǎo)10．a(chǎn)sideadv. 在一邊，向一邊11．a(chǎn)side_from 除……之外12．buryvt. 埋葬13．distinguishvt. 區(qū)別，辨別14．conservativeadj. 保守的，舊式的15．a(chǎn)ssignmentn. 作業(yè)；工作，任務(wù)16．a(chǎn)lternativeadj. 非傳統(tǒng)的；另類的[第八屏聽寫]17．punishmentn． 懲罰，處罰18．reputationn. 名聲，名譽(yù)19．slightadj. 微小的，少量的20．obeyvt. 服從，聽從21．mildadj. 溫和的22．pacen. 速度，步速23．outstandingadj. 杰出的，優(yōu)秀的24．reflectvt. 反映；反射[第九屏聽寫]25．selectvt. 挑選26．to_a_certain_extent 在某種程度上27．misunderstandvt. 誤解28．set_off 使爆炸；引發(fā)29．lackvt. 缺乏，沒有30．a(chǎn)ccessn. (使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利31．worthwhileadj. 值得努力的32．a(chǎn)cquirevt. 獲得，得到[第十屏聽寫]33．be_accustomed_to 習(xí)慣于34．thinking_n. 思考，考慮35．worthyadj. 值得的36．religionn. 宗教37．defence_n. 保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)38．tend_to 傾向于，往往會39．ignorevt. 忽視，不顧40．unwillingadj. 不情愿的[第十一屏聽寫]41．a(chǎn)ssumptionn． 假定，假設(shè)42．a(chǎn)pprovev. 贊成；認(rèn)可；滿意43．a(chǎn)pprove_of 贊成，贊許44．urge_vt. 力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求45．inspirev. 啟發(fā)，鼓舞46．conventional_adj. 傳統(tǒng)的，保守的47．vital_adj. 極其重要的48．beneficial_adj. 有益的，有用的[第十二屏聽寫]49．a(chǎn)ssumevt. 假定，假設(shè)50．a(chǎn)daptvt. (使)適應(yīng)51．a(chǎn)s_a_whole 總的來說52．a(chǎn)ppreciationn. 欣賞53．swellv. 被充滿；膨脹，腫脹54．rankn. 職銜55．pourvt. 灌，倒56．shadown. 陰影，影子57．*facilityn. (供特定用途的)場所；設(shè)備二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點(diǎn)再過基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.drilln．練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練2.motton.座右銘，格言3.receivern.接收者4.anglen.角5.trianglen.三角形6.atomn．原子7.spitvi.吐痰，吐口水8.spyn.間諜，特務(wù)9.kingdomn.王國10.biochemistryn.生物化學(xué)11.choirn．合唱隊(duì)，合唱團(tuán)12.oxygenn.氧氣，氧13.spellingn.拼寫14.throatn.咽喉，喉嚨15.postagen.郵費(fèi)表達(dá)單詞1.adaptvt.使適應(yīng)2.conventional_adj.傳統(tǒng)的，保守的3.worthyadj.值得的4.punishmentn.懲罰，處罰5.lackn.缺乏，沒有6.distinguishvt.區(qū)別，辨別7.accessn.(使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利8.buryvt.埋葬9.unwillingadj.不情愿的10.swellv.被充滿；膨脹，腫脹11.facilityn.(供特定用途的)場所；設(shè)備12.shadown.陰影，影子13.rank_n.職銜14.pourvt.灌，倒15.blankadj.空白的16.reputationn.名聲，名譽(yù)17.obeyvi.服從，聽從18.outstandingadj.杰出的，優(yōu)秀的19.acquirevt.獲得，得到[語境活用]1.Hewasburied(埋葬)inthechurchyardofStMary's.2.Ourexperimentprovesthatthehormoneoxytocincanraisepeople'sabilitiestodistinguish(區(qū)別，辨別)differentsocialinteractions.3paredwithhome-madehandicrafts,machine-madeproductslack(缺乏)thepersonaltouch.4.Withmuchattentiontopublichealth,peoplenowhaveeasyaccess(機(jī)會)toanti-poison,sothenumberofdeathshasdecreasedalot.5.Oprahbehavedbadlyinhergrandmother'scarebecauseshewasunwilling(不情愿的)tolivewithhergrandmother.6.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapt(使適應(yīng))tothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.7.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs'death,smart-phonesdefeatedconventional(傳統(tǒng)的)PCsinsales.8.ShebelievedthatasanAmericantreasuretheWhiteHousewasworthy(值得的)ofcareandimpressivepresentation.9.BeforeIhadmyson,Ispenttwoyearsworkingwithchildrenwithdisabilities.Ilearnedthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishment(懲罰)wouldresultinadisaster.拓展單詞1.ignorevt.忽視，不顧→ignorancen．無知2.suspectv．懷疑→suspiciousadj.可疑的→suspicionn．懷疑，嫌疑3.simplifyvt.簡化→simpleadj.簡單的，易懂的4.urgevt.力勸，強(qiáng)烈要求→urgentadj.緊急的5.instructvt.教導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)→instructionn．教育，指導(dǎo)→instructiveadj.有益的；有教育意義的6.reflectvt.反映；反射vi.思考→reflectionn．反射；反省；想法7.worthwhileadj.值得努力的→worthyadj.值得的→worthadj.值得……的n．價(jià)值8.defencen．保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)→defendv．防御，保衛(wèi)9.assumptionn．假定，假設(shè)→assumevt.假定，假設(shè)10.inspirev．鼓舞；啟發(fā)→inspirationn．靈感，鼓舞(激勵)人心的人/事→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的11.beneficialadj.有用的，有益的→benefitv．對……有益，受惠n.利益12.appreciationn．欣賞→appreciatevt.重視，鑒賞，感激13.approvev．贊成；認(rèn)可；滿意→approvaln．贊成；認(rèn)可；滿意[語境活用]1.Ifyouwanttoliveasimplelife,youneedtosimplifyyourmind.(simple)2.Icarriedthesmalllanternandwalkedaroundtheriver.Thelightwasreflectedintheriver.Thereflectionlookedsobeautiful.(reflect)3.Theyassumedthattherewouldbeasubstitutefortheearthbuttheassumptionseemedimpossible.(assume)4.Cyclingishighlybeneficialtoourhealth.Thatistosay,wecangetmuchbenefitfromcycling.(benefit)5.Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucangivemeahandagain.Meanwhile,Iwanttoexpressmyappreciationtoyouforyourhelpingmebefore.(appreciate)6.Whenaskedwheretheinspirationofhernovelcamefrom,shesaidherfather'sinspiringwordsinspiredhertowriteit.(inspire)7.ItisworthwhiletotraveltoBeijing,becausemanyplacesofinterestarewellworthvisiting.TheGreatWallisparticularlyworthyofbeingvisited.(worth)8.Theteacherinstructedthatallthestudentsshouldattendtheinstructivelecture,fortheprofessor'sinstructionwouldbeofgreathelptoourstudy.(instruct)(二)常用短語寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.lay_off裁員；解雇2.aside_from除……之外3.set_off使爆炸；引發(fā)；出發(fā)，動身4.be_accustomed_to習(xí)慣于5.approve_of贊成，贊許6.as_a_whole總的來說7.switch_off關(guān)閉8.to_a_certain_extent在某種程度上9.tend_to往往會，傾向于10.frankly_speaking坦白地說，老實(shí)說11.go_up上漲，上升12.to_start_with首先，第一13.put_forward提出14.in_conclusion最后，總之15.go_blank(腦子)一片空白，怎么也想不起來1.I'vebeen_accustomed_tothelifeinAmerica.Youknow,I'vebeenhereforfiveyears.2.Hewouldn'twinthematch.To_start_withhelackedexperience.3.Herfatherwillnever_approve_ofhermarriagetoJason.4.Frankly_speaking,_Idon'tthinkit'sagoodidea.5.Shecanspeakfiveforeignlanguagesaside_fromEnglish.6.ThenorthernpeopleofChinatend_toeatmorenoodles,whilethesouthernpeopleeatmorerice.7.Wewillset_offinthedirectionofthemountaintomorrowmorning.8.Ifyoudon'tchangeyourattitudetowardsthejob,youwillbelaid_off.9.Lilywassonervousthathermindalmostwent_blankduringtheCollegeEntranceExamination.10.Theproposalput_forwardbyDobrindtaimstostoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficrules.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.NowI'mabouttograduatefromtheSchoolofContinuingEducationatQinghuaUniversitywithaBachelor'sDegreeinputerEngineeringbydistancelearning.如今通過遠(yuǎn)程教育我就要從清華大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院畢業(yè)了，并會獲得該院計(jì)算機(jī)工程學(xué)的學(xué)士學(xué)位。beabouttodo...“正要做……”，通常與when連用。我正要放棄這時(shí)我父親過來鼓勵我繼續(xù)。Iwas_about_to_give_up_whenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeepgoing.2.Inthepast,ifsomeonelikemehadfailedtogetintouniversitythroughthecollegeexam,hewouldhavehadnochanceofgettingadegree.在過去，如果像我這樣未能通過大學(xué)考試上大學(xué)，那么他就沒有機(jī)會獲得學(xué)位了。if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。如果你來得早些，你就能趕上那輛公共汽車了。Ifyouhadeearlier,youwould_have_caughtthebus.3.IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.我覺得該是我成為因特網(wǎng)用戶的時(shí)候了。Itis/wastime(that)...did/shoulddo...“是……的時(shí)候了”。是當(dāng)?shù)卣扇〈胧┍Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境的時(shí)候了。It's_time_thatthelocalgovernmentshould_take/took_measurestoprotecttheenvironment.4.Somanypeoplethinkthatafteryouretire,allyoucandoisswitchoffyourbrainandburyeverythingyou'veeverlearnt.許多人認(rèn)為一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大腦關(guān)閉，把你曾經(jīng)所學(xué)的東西埋掉。不帶to的動詞不定式作表語。在我看來，我們所能做的一切就是耐心等待。AsfarasI'mconcerned,all_we_can_do_is_just_waitpatiently.5.SometimesIwishIcouldphonehimandaskforhisopinion！有時(shí)我真希望能給他打個問問他的意見！wish后的從句常用虛擬語氣。另外，我多么希望班里沒有太多的學(xué)生。Besides,Iwish_there_would_not_betoomanystudentsinaclass.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯類——勤覽1.haveproblemsindoingsth.做某事有困難2.haveproblemswith在某方面有問題3.havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難4.havetroublewithsth.在某方面有麻煩/困難5.keepfit保持健康6.kindof有點(diǎn)兒1.a46-year-oldhusbandandfather一位46歲的丈夫和父親2.sixteen-year-olds十六歲的青少年3.athree-hourwalk步行三個小時(shí)的距離4.wordbyword逐字逐句地5.thesecrettolanguagelearning語言學(xué)習(xí)的秘密6.picksb.up接某人1.rockband搖滾樂隊(duì)2.countrymusic鄉(xiāng)村音樂3.costumeparty化裝舞會4.helpyourselfto隨便吃/拿……5.五種感官系動詞look/seem看起來sound聽起來feel摸起來taste嘗起來smell聞起來一、過重點(diǎn)單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點(diǎn))1．suspectv．懷疑；猜疑(通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí))n．[C]嫌疑犯，可疑分子[教材原句]Isuspectthattheylaidmeoffbecausethepanywasnotdoingthatwellbutitstillbroughtalumptomythroatandmademewanttocry.我懷疑他們裁掉我是因?yàn)楣窘?jīng)營得不是很好，但這仍然使我喉嚨哽咽，并且想哭。(1)suspectsb./sth.tobe＋n．/adj. 懷疑/猜想某人(某物)為……suspectsb.of(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做過)某事(2)suspiciousadj. 可疑的，令人懷疑的besuspiciousof/aboutsth. 對某事懷疑(3)suspicionn. 懷疑，猜疑[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thebosssuspectedhimoftakingtheputerawayfromthepany.②DeerElk,suspectedofconducting(conduct)aseriesofdeadlybombingsinAlgierslastyear，wasarrestedbythepolicelastweek.③Someofhiscolleaguesatworkbecamesuspicious(suspect)ofhisbehaviour.單句改錯④Theysuspecthimforgivingfalseevidenceandwanttoaskhimthereason.for→of句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑤Isuspectthatheisthepickpocket.→Isuspecthimtobethepickpocket.2．instructvt.指導(dǎo)，教導(dǎo)；指示，命令；告知，通知[教材原句]IgotmygrandsontoinstructmeonhowtoemailandusetheInternetandIreallyenjoythespeedatwhichmymessagesgetsentandanswered.我讓我外孫教我如何發(fā)電子郵件和使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我確實(shí)喜歡那種傳送信息和得到答復(fù)的速度。(1)instructsb.todo... 命令某人做……instructsb.insth. 教授/傳授某人某事instructthatsb.(should)dosth. 命令某人做某事(2)instructionn.[C]用法說明，操作指南；指示；命令；[U]指導(dǎo)；講授(3)instructiveadj.有益的，有教育意義的；指導(dǎo)性的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Hewasinstructedto_act(act)withextremecaution.②Greateffortisneededtoinstructchildren_inroadsafety.③Itisthemostinstructive(instruct)lecturethatIhaveattendedsinceIcametothisschool.單句改錯④Readtheinstructiononthebottlebeforeyoutakethemedicine.instruction→instructions⑤Heinstructedthatawallmustbebuiltaroundthecity.must→should或去掉must一句多譯經(jīng)理命令我快速把文檔打印出來。⑥My_manager_instructed_me_to_type_the_document_quickly.(instructsb.todo)⑦M(jìn)y_manager_instructed_me_in_typing_the_document_quickly.(instructsb.in)⑧My_manager_instructed_that_I_(should)_type_the_document_quickly.(instructthat)3．distinguishvt.區(qū)別，辨別；使具有某種特征[教材原句]Iftheroomhadn'tbeendark,hewouldhavedistinguishedthetwopictures.如果房間不是太暗的話，他就會辨認(rèn)出那兩張照片了。(1)distinguish...from... 將……與……區(qū)別開distinguishbetween...and...(＝tellthedifferencebetween...and)區(qū)分……和……distinguishoneself(as...) (作為……)表現(xiàn)突出(2)distinguishedadj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的bedistinguishedfor(＝befamousfor) 因……而出名distinguishingadj. 有區(qū)別的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Noticethedistinguishing(distinguish)marksofthefemalespider.②Oneofthekeystosuccessfultimemanagementisprioritizingtasksanddistinguishingoptionalactivities_fromtheessential.③Asisknowntous,heisdistinguished_forhisknowledgeofscience.單句改錯④Honestlyspeaking,Iadmireyourdistinguishingachievements.distinguishing→distinguished完成句子⑤Itcouldmakeithardforpeopletodistinguish_between_virtual_reality_and_reality.區(qū)分虛擬的現(xiàn)實(shí)和現(xiàn)實(shí)對人們來說那可能是難的。4．lackvt.缺乏，沒有n.缺乏，不足；短缺的東西[高考佳句]Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltomunicatefacetofacewiththeirfriendsorparents.(2014·重慶高考寫作)他們?nèi)狈w育鍛煉和面對面地與朋友或父母進(jìn)行溝通的技巧。(1)lacksth. 缺乏/少某物(沒有被動語態(tài))lackfor 需要，需求(常用于否定句)(2)(a)lackof... 缺乏……for/throughlackof 因缺乏……(3)lackingadj. 缺少的，不足的(不置于名詞前)belackinginsth. 缺少某物[多角練透]單句語法填空①Controlledbyanxiety,youwillfeelalackofsecurityandconfidence.②Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.單句改錯③ItisobviousthatTomislackingofmonsense.of→in一句多譯因?yàn)槿卞X，他們沒準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。④Lacking_money,_they_could_not_finish_their_work_on_time._⑤Lacking_in_money，they_could_not_finish_their_work_on_time._⑥They_could_not_finish_their_work_on_time_because_they_lack_money.⑦They_could_not_finish_their_work_on_time_for/through_lack_of_money.5．a(chǎn)ccessn．入口，通路；(使用或見到的)機(jī)會，權(quán)利[教材原句]Thethingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhaveaccesstochildren'smindswhentheyareopenandeagertolearn.作為老師，你可以在孩子們心靈頓開、渴望學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)走進(jìn)他們的思想。(1)gain/obtain/get/haveaccessto 有權(quán)進(jìn)入/使用……，擁有……的機(jī)會havenoaccessto 沒有……的機(jī)會；無法接近giveaccessto 接見；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(接近)(2)accessibleadj. 易到達(dá)的，易接近的beaccessibleto 對……而言容易接近的；可靠近的；容易進(jìn)入的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theremotedesertareaisaccessible(access)onlybyhelicopter.②Wecanhaveaccesstovariousinformationweneedthroughthescreen.完成句子③Ihavebeenallowedtogain_access_totheirlivingenvironment.我被獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入他們的居住環(huán)境。④Womenhave_no_access_to_obtaining_educationinolddays.古代女性沒有受教育的機(jī)會。⑤Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereit_is_accessible_to_children.藥品不應(yīng)該放在孩子容易接近的地方。6．worthwhileadj.值得(做)的(可作表語、定語或補(bǔ)語)[教材原句]AndifwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult,thenIknowwhatI'mdoingisworthwhile.如果我作為老師所做的能夠幫助將一個像格雷厄姆這樣的孩子變成一個如此成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。(1)worthwhile常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：It'sworthwhile＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todo,doing))做某事是值得的(2)worth常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：beworth＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(錢價(jià)值數(shù)量詞值多少錢,doing值得做動名詞的主動形式表,示被動意義。表示“很值得”用,well，不用very))(3)worthy常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：beworthy＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofsth.,ofbeingdone,tobedone))……值得做[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theirachievementsareworthyofthehighestpraise.②Qingdaoisabeautifulplace.It'sworthwhilegoing/to_go(go)there.單句改錯③It'sveryworthmakingefforttolearnhowtodrive.very→well④Thepictureisworthyatleasttwentypounds.worthy→worth一句多譯張藝謀拍攝的那部電影很值得看。⑤The_film_produced_by_Zhang_Yimou_is_well_worth_seeing.(beworthdoing)⑥The_film_produced_by_Zhang_Yimou_is_well_worthy_of_being_seen.(beworthyofbeingdone)⑦The_film_produced_by_Zhang_Yimou_is_well_worthy_to_be_seen.(beworthytobedone)⑧It_is_well_worthwhile_seeing/to_see_the_film_produced_by_Zhang_Yimou.(itisworthwhiledoing/todo)7．a(chǎn)pprovevi.贊成；認(rèn)可；同意vt.批準(zhǔn)[高考佳句]Whataboutyouropinion？Doyouapproveofme?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.(2015·重慶高考寫作)你的意見如何？你贊同我的觀點(diǎn)嗎？期待你的答復(fù)。(1)approveof 贊成，贊許approveofsb.doingsth. 同意某人做某事approveof(one's)doing... 贊同/支持(某人)做……approve(doing)sth. 批準(zhǔn)(做)某事(2)approvaln. 同意；批準(zhǔn)meetwithsb.'sapproval 得到某人的批準(zhǔn)win/earnsb.'sapproval 取得某人的同意/贊成giveapprovalto... 批準(zhǔn)[多角練透]單句語法填空①Shewouldneverdoanythingthatwasnotapprovedofbyherparents.②Bydoingwellatschoolhehopedtowin/earnhisparents'approval(approve)．③Iapproveofyourtrying(try)tomakesomemoney,butpleasedon'tneglectyourstudies.單句改錯④Shedidn'tgiveapprovalwithherdaughtergoingoutatnight.with→to⑤Ourschooldoesnotapproveofstudentsweartoolonghair.wear→wearing一句多譯他不同意我今年離開學(xué)校。⑥He_doesn't_approve_of_me_leaving_school_this_year.(approveofsb.doingsth.)⑦He_doesn't_give_approval_to_my_leaving_school_this_year.(giveapprovalto...)⑧I_don't_meet_with_his_approval_to_leave_school_this_year.(meetwithsb.'sapproval)8．urgevt.力勸；催促；強(qiáng)烈要求n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望，沖動[教材原句]Atfirst,peopleapprovedofhisstudiesandurgedhimtocontinue,butlaterwhenheprovedAristotlewrong,theygrewangryandputhiminprison.起初，人們贊同他的研究并力勸他繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，但是后來當(dāng)他證實(shí)亞里士多德是錯誤的時(shí)候，他們就生氣了，把他關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。[練牢基點(diǎn)]寫出下列句中urge的詞性和含義①ThevacationisingandIhaveanurgetotravel.n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望②Weallurgedstickingtothefourfundamentalprinciples.vt.強(qiáng)烈要求③Istronglyurgethatyoushouldgiveupsmoking.vt.力勸[系統(tǒng)考點(diǎn)](1)urgesb.todo/intodoingsth. 強(qiáng)烈要求某人做某事urgesth.on/uponsb. 向某人強(qiáng)調(diào)某事urgethatsb.(should)dosth. 極力主張某人做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth. 堅(jiān)決要求……(2)haveanurgetodosth. 有做某事的強(qiáng)烈欲望(3)urgentadj. 緊急的，緊迫的urgencyn. 緊急的事[練通重點(diǎn)]單句語法填空④Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeothersintovoting(vote)forpetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”．⑤Astudentwhosefriendsaregoodatacademicsmaybeurgedto_study(study)harderandgetbettergrades.⑥Itisurgedthatimmediateaction(should)_be_taken(take)topreventsuchathinghappeningagain.⑦Hehasaconstanturgeto_check(check)fortextmessages—hecheckshisphoneeveryfiveminutes.⑧Theattackaddedanewurgency(urge)tothepeacetalks.句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑨Ourteacherurgesustostudyhardwiththeexamdrawingnear.→Itisurgedthatwestudyhardwiththeexamdrawingnear.9．a(chǎn)ssumevt.假定，假設(shè)；認(rèn)為[教材原句]WhydidAristotleassumethatthesunmovedaroundtheEarth?為什么亞里士多德認(rèn)為太陽繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)？(1)assumesb./sth.tobe 假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為Itisassumedthat... 人們認(rèn)為……(2)assumptionn． 假定；假設(shè)makeanassumption 認(rèn)為；假定ontheassumptionthat... 假定……；在假定……的情況下(3)assuming(that)... 假設(shè)/假定……[多角練透]單句語法填空①Wemustassumehimto_be(be)innocentuntilheisprovedguilty.②Itisgenerallyassumed(assume)thatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.③Ihopetogotocollegenextyear,assuming(assume)thatIpasstheexam.④Weareworkingontheassumption(assume)thateveryoneinvitedwillturnup.單句改錯⑤AlotofpeoplemakeassumptionthatpovertyonlyexistsintheThirdWorld.make后加an_⑥Assumedthatyouareright,we'llmakeagreatdealofmoneyfromtheproject.Assumed→Assuming句式升級⑦Peopleassumethatwhattheydohaslittleeffectontheenvironment.→It_is_assumed_that_what_people_do_has_little_effect_on_the_environment.(用it作形式主語改寫句子)[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]在英語中，有些看上去是現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞的詞，實(shí)際上可直接用作介詞或連詞。這一類詞有：①supposingconj. 假設(shè)；假如②provided/providingconj. 假設(shè)；如果③givenprep. 鑒于；考慮到④consideringprep.&conj. 鑒于；考慮到⑤concerningprep. 關(guān)于⑥includingprep. 包括；包含10．a(chǎn)daptvt.使適應(yīng)；改編，改造[教材原句]Forastart,itwouldbehardadaptingtoanewculture.一開始，適應(yīng)新的文化會有困難。(1)adapt(oneself)to 使……適應(yīng)于……，適應(yīng)(to是介詞)(2)adaptsth.forsth. 改編為adaptsth.from 根據(jù)……改編某物beadaptedfrom 由……而改編(3)adaptationn. 適應(yīng)；改編(本)(4)adaptableadj. 能適應(yīng)的；可修改的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thechildrenarefindingitdifficulttoadapttotheirnewschool.②Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftoliving(live)onmyown.③Theplayisadaptedfromafamousnovel.④AsfarasIknow,heisgoingtoadapthisbookforbeginners.⑤Iholdthefirmbeliefthatshewilldealwiththechangesverywell,becausesheisveryadaptable(adapt)．完成句子⑥Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmustadapt_yourself_to_newmannersandcustom.當(dāng)你到一個新的國家時(shí)，你必須使自己適應(yīng)新的禮儀和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Wecanhaveeasilyaccesstoinformationavailablethanothermessagingtools.2．Thegovernmenturgedthateveryeffort(should)_be_made(make)tobringdownhouseprices.3．Assuming(assume)thatitistrue,weshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestodealwithit.4．AprofessionalEnglishteachercangiveyouone-on-oneinstruction(instruct)thatwillhelpyouunderstandtherulesofEnglish.5．Tomisdistinguished(distinguish)forhisgoodknowledgeofliterature.6．NowthatyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivalisworthyto_be_experienced(experience)．7．What'sworse,ittookmelongtoadaptmyselftothenewenvironment.8．Becauseshewaslacking(lack)oftraining,shewasafraidofmakinganexhibitionofherself.9．Theybecamesuspicious(suspect)ofhisbehaviourandcontactedthepolice.10．HerfatherwillneverapproveofhermarryingtoTom.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Theyallurgedthathewouldapologizetoherforwhathehadsaid.去掉would或would→should2．Wouldyoupleasemakeupatopicworthdiscussintomorrow'sconference？discuss→discussing3．Withhiminstructedus,wefinishediteasily.instructed→instructing4．Isshelackingforwillpowertoachievehergoals？for→in5．Theonlyaccessintothefarmhouseisacrosstheo→toⅢ.完成句子1．Despitehislack_of_experience,_hestillgotthejob.他雖然經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，但還是得到了這份工作。2．Researchsuggeststhatbabieslearntoseebydistinguishing_between_areas_of_light_and_dark.研究表明嬰兒通過辨別光亮和黑暗的區(qū)域來學(xué)會看東西。3．It_is_generally_assumed_thatpeoplearemotivatedbysuccess.大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為成功會推動人的積極性。4．Duringtheone-monthstay,Ihadto_adapt_myself_totheirAmericanlifestyleandhelpthemunderstandthebestpartofChineseculture.在一個月的生活中，我必須適應(yīng)美國的生活方式并幫助他們理解中國文化的精髓。5．It_is_urged_that_immediate_action_(should)_be_takentopreventsuchathinghappeningagain.人們極力主張應(yīng)該立刻采取措施阻止這樣的事情再次發(fā)生。二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．layoff解雇；裁員；停止[教材原句]Threemonthsago,whenmymanagertoldmethatIwouldbelaidoff,mymindwentblankandmyheartswelledwithanger.三個月前，當(dāng)經(jīng)理告訴我我將被解雇時(shí)，我大腦一片空白，怒火滿腔。[歸納拓展]①laydown 放下；聲明，闡述②layaside 把……放在一邊；儲存(某物)待用/備用③layout 展開，鋪開；布置；花費(fèi)④laytheblameon 責(zé)備，責(zé)怪⑤laystresson 強(qiáng)調(diào)[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Thecarfactoryisgoingtolayoffaround150workersbecauseofthedropinsales.由于銷售量的下降，汽車廠打算裁大約150名工人。②Gracelaidouttheknivesandforksatthelunchtable.格雷絲把刀叉擺放在午餐桌上。③Ithinkyou'dbetterlayasidefattyfoodsforawhile.我認(rèn)為你最好暫時(shí)別吃油膩的食物。2．beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(表示狀態(tài))[經(jīng)典例句]Shewasapersonaccustomedtohavingeighthours'sleepanight.(牛津P13)她是那種習(xí)慣每晚睡八個小時(shí)的人。(1)beaccustomed/usedto(doing)sth. 習(xí)慣于(做)某事get/beeaccustomedto(doing)sth. 變得適應(yīng)了(做)某事(2)accustomvt. 使……習(xí)慣于……accustomoneselfto... 使自己習(xí)慣于……[多角練透]單句語法填空①Igetaccustomedto_workinginsidetheroomofnoiseandexcitement.②Asweallknow,Englishpeopleareaccustomed/usedtodriving(drive)ontheleft.③Hequicklyaccustomedhimself(he)tothisnewwayoflife.句式升級Hewasaccustomedtothecustomanddidn'twanttochangeit.④Accustomed_to_the_custom,_he_didn't_want_to_change_it.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)⑤Accustoming_himself_to_the_custom,_he_didn't_want_to_change_it.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫句子)3．setoff出發(fā)，動身；(使)爆炸，引爆；燃放；引發(fā)；襯托[教材原句]Irememberthatheletmepoursomepowderintotherocketandthenanotherstudentlitaflametosetitoff.我記得他讓我把一些粉末倒入火箭，然后讓另一個學(xué)生點(diǎn)火使火箭發(fā)射出去。[一詞多義]寫出下列句中setoff的含義①Wemusttakecaretogettherightkindofframetosetoffthepicture.襯托②Theboysliketosetofffireworks.燃放③Ifyoudropalightedcigarette,itwillsetoffafire.引起，引發(fā)④Ifyouwanttocatchthattrainyou'dbettersetoffforthestationimmediately.出發(fā)，動身[歸納拓展]setaboutdoing...＝setouttodo... 著手做……setoutfor... 動身去……setup 建起，豎起；建立；提出(意見)setaside 擱置一邊；省錢，存錢setdown 寫下，記下Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoutfortherailwaystation.他們一聽到這個消息，就立即出發(fā)去火車站了。Theschoolhassetupaspecialclasstohelpthosepoorlearners.為了幫助那些貧困生，學(xué)校已經(jīng)成立了一個特殊的班級。Assoonasshearrived,shesetabouttidyinguptheroom.她一來到，就著手清理房間。4．Itis/wastime(that)...Idecidedthatit_was_time_I_becameanInternetuser.我覺得該是我成為因特網(wǎng)用戶的時(shí)候了。(1)Itis/was(high/about)time(that)．..“該做……的時(shí)候了”，從句中謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)或“should＋動詞原形”(should不可以省略)。(2)It'stime(forsb.)todosth.該是(某人)做……的時(shí)候了(3)It/Thisis/wasthe＋序數(shù)詞＋time(that)...“這是第一/二/三……次做某事了”，從句用完成時(shí)態(tài)①It'shightimethatwerealized/should_realize(realize)howseriousthepollutionisandtook/should_take(take)actiontostopit.現(xiàn)在到了我們意識到污染的嚴(yán)重性并采取行動阻止污染的時(shí)候了。②Stopchatting!It'stimeforusto_study(study)hard.停止閑談！到我們努力學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間了。③ItisthefirsttimethatIhave_been_scolded(scold)bymyparents.這是我第一次受到父母的責(zé)備。5．wish虛擬語氣SometimesI_wish_I_could_phonehimandaskforhisopinion!有時(shí)我真希望能給他打個問問他的意見！wish后跟賓語從句時(shí)常用虛擬語氣，表達(dá)不太現(xiàn)實(shí)或不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。wish后面賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：從句謂語動詞eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(would/could＋do與將來事實(shí)相反,did/were與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,haddone與過去事實(shí)相反))①HewishesMarywere(be)heretosharehissuccess.他真希望Mary在這里分享他的成功。②Ididn'tlearntoplayanyinstrumentwhenIwasatschool.IwishIhad_learned(learn)toplaytheguitar.當(dāng)我上學(xué)的時(shí)候我沒有學(xué)習(xí)彈奏任何樂器。我真希望我學(xué)彈奏吉他了。③Mymotherwishesthatmyfatherwouldn't_drink(notdrink)anylonger.我母親希望父親不要再喝酒了。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．I'maccustomedtolistening(listen)tosomelightmusicbeforesleep.2．Nicholssetoff_forhisfarmhouseinthecountrysideyesterday.3．IwishthatIwere(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.4．Thepanywasdeeplyindebtandsomeemployeeswerelaidoff.5．Oneday,Iwasabouttodosomeshoppingwhenhetelephonedme.6．It'shightimethatyouwent/should_go(go)hometoseeyourparents.Ⅱ.翻譯句子1．因?yàn)殇N售額的下降，他們下崗了。(layoff)They_were_laid_off_because_of_the_drop_in_sales._2．雖然他住在市中心，但他習(xí)慣了噪音。(beaccustomedto)He_is_accustomed_to_noise,_though_he_lives_in_the_center_of_the_city.3．我多么希望昨晚和你一起看那場電影。(wish虛擬語氣)I_wish_that_I_had_gone_with_you_to_see_the_film_last_night.Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換/句式升級1．Hesetsaboutdoinghishomeworkaftersuppereveryday.→He_setsouttodohishomeworkaftersuppereveryday.2．Nooneasidefromherhusbandknewaboutherjob.→Noonebut/exceptherhusbandknewaboutherjob.3．It'stimeforustotakeactiontoprotectourenvironment.→It's_time_that_we_took/should_take_action_to_protect_our_environment.(用“it'stimethat...”改寫)三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——虛擬語氣Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Withoutelectricity,ourlifewould_be(be)quitedifferenttoday.2．Iamapoormannow.IfIhadmoney,Iwould_buy(buy)alargehouse.3．Ifshehadbeenmorecareful,shewouldn't_have_made(notmake)thesemistakesintheexam.4．Myteachersuggestedthatwe(should)_read(read)moreifwewanttoimproveourEnglish.5．Thepictureexhibitionturnedouttobeveryinteresting;ifonlyIhad_visited(visit)it.6．Mybrothergraduatedfromcollegehalfayearagoanditishightimethathefound/should_find(find)ajob.7．Ifweshouldetomorrow,wewould_meet(meet)thegeneralmanager.8．Wewould_have_put(put)John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.9．Ifyouhad_taken(take)myadvicethen,youwouldn'tbeintroublenow.10．Therequirementisthateverystudent(should)_donate(donate)oneortwobooks.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Ionlywishthehousewasalittlewarmer.was→were2．Ifshewasherethisevening,wewouldplaycards.was→were3．Ifyouhadspokentohimlasttimeyousawhim,youwouldhaveknownwhattodonow.have_known→know4．Werehecaughtthemorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.Were→Had5．Hisproposalthattheytookimmediatemeasuressoundsreasonable.took→takeⅢ.完成句子1．IshouldnothavelaughedifI_had_thought_youwereserious.我本不應(yīng)該笑的，如果想到你是嚴(yán)肅的。2．IfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,hewould_beabletospeakitmuchbetternow.如果他以前花更多的時(shí)間練習(xí)說英語，那么現(xiàn)在他就能說得更好了。3．Iwould_have_esoonerbutIdidn'tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.我本來可以早點(diǎn)來，但我真不知道他們在等我。4．Teachersremendthatparents(should)_not_allowtheirchildrenunder12toridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.老師們建議父母，為了安全不要讓他們12歲以下的孩子騎車上學(xué)。5．IdowishIcould_e_to_attend_your_partytonight.我多么希望能去參加你今晚的晚會啊。(二)課堂微寫作練補(bǔ)寫——讓行文更條理[題目要求]假如你是李華。本學(xué)期你校開設(shè)了英語口語課，由于你不太適應(yīng)外教Chris的授課，你決定給她寫一封求助信。詞數(shù)100左右。[補(bǔ)寫提示]請按提示線索補(bǔ)寫下列習(xí)作的中間段落DearChris，IamLiHua,oneofyourstudentsinOralEnglishclass.Iamwritingtoseekhelpfromyou.告訴她你的困難→求助的內(nèi)容(推薦一些聽力材料