英語高中高一下學(xué)期七選五質(zhì)量提高試卷(含答案)001

英語高中高一下學(xué)期七選五質(zhì)量提高試卷（含答案）Withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,people’spaceoflifehasspedup.Butnoteveryoneenjoysthefastpaceoflife.Often,themoretightlypeoplescheduletheirtasks,themorelikelytheyaretolosetheiroriginaldirectionandfailtoseetherealmeaningoflife.____1____Firstofall,thefastpaceoflifemakesapersonfeeltootiredtostaysharp.Oncetheyhavejustcompletedatask,anothertaskiswaitingandthiswearsthemout.____2____Bycontrast,aslowpaceoflifeallowspeopletohaveleisure(休閑的)timetorelaxandprepareforthenexttask.____3____Tokeepupwiththecompetition,onehastomeetdeadlinesandraceagainsttime.Inthisway,hewillbeinlowspirits.Butlivingaslowlifeallowspeopletofindthebeautyoflife.Soweshouldadvocateahealthyslowpaceoflife.However,somepeoplethinkthatlivingafastlifeimprovesworkefficiency.Theythinkthatkeepingaslowpaceisjustanexcuseforlazypeoplenottowork,andencouragesprocrastination(拖延).____4____Whatslowlifeadvocatesistoslowdownthepaceoflife,sothatpeoplecanhavetimetothinkandrelaxratherthanprocrastinate.What’smore,wewillbetterunderstandthemeaningoflifeandfacechallengespositively.____5____Readabookanddrinkacupofteaonaleisurelyafternoon,forexample.Sopleasegiveyourselfalittlemoretimetostopandsmelltherosesfromnowon.Let’sbepositiveaboutlife,lovelife,andembracelife!A．Soprocrastinationcan’tbeavoided.B．Afterall,thereisalimittohumans’ability.C．Frommypointofview,thisstatementisone-sided.D．Next,thefastpaceoflifebringsgreatpressuretopeople.E．Finally,theslowpaceoflifeofferspeoplemorefreetime.F．Imaginehowpleasantitwouldbetoenjoyaniceslowlife.G．Inmyopinion,weshouldcalmdownandslowourlifedownManypeoplethinkofsharksasdangerousmonsters.Buthumanbeingscauseafargreaterdangertothemthantheydotous.Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.____6____Whyshouldwesavethesharks?Sharkstakeupthetoppositiononthefoodchainintheocean.Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.____7____Fishthateatalgae(藻類)arealsoincluded.Thiscancausealgaetospreadsomuchthatitdamagescoralreefs.____8____TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.Don’tusesharkproductsFirst,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.____9____Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.Sharkfinsoupisapopulardish.However,theprocessofgettingfinsiscruel.Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.____10____Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.A．Itistimeforchildrentolearnaboutsharks.B．Sharkoilisalsousedinmanypopularbeautyproducts.C．Thenthesharkdiesslowly,sometimesoverseveraldays.D．Actually,thekillingofsharkswillaffectthewholeplanet.E．Peopleinsomecountriesareespeciallykeenonsharkproducts.F．Amongthemaresomeseafishthathumansconsumeeveryday.G．Thisnumberisawarningthatmanykindsofsharksmaydieout.Friendshipscanbringjoyorsorrow.____11____,wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapists(治療師)tolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipweallface.Brokenpromises(違背承諾)Friendsareimportantforourphysicalandhealthbuttheserelationshipsaren’talwayssmoothsailing.____12____.Andamajorwaythishappensisthroughbrokenpromises.Perhapshecanceledplansatthelastminuteorsherefusedtotakepartinanimportantparty.____13____,thefirstthingtodoisrememberthatnooneisperfect,saysJanYager,PhD,friendshipcoach.____14____“Sometimesjealousy(妒忌)showsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.“Healthyenvy(嫉妒)canmotivateyoutobecomebetterandbeinspiredbyyourfriend’ssuccess,”shesays.Shepointsoutthatitcouldbetheotherwayaroundaswell:Yourfriendsmightbejealousofyou.FeelingleftoutThere’snoworsefeelingthanwhenyoucheckFacebookMondaymorningtofindoutthatyourfriendswentonaweekendgetawaywithoutyou.ScottChristnelly,atherapist,says,“Iencourageclientstoexpresstheirfeelingsaboutitbutalsonottojumptoconclusions.”Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto-maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)-toexplainhowyoufeel.____15____.A．ExperiencingenvyB．FriendbreakupscanbejustaspainfulasaromanticbrokeC．Sincethere’snorulebookonwhattodowhenthingsgettenseorgosouthD．ButwhileitmaybepainfulE．Infact,it’scommontoexperiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriendsF．StoppingtofeeljealousofthemG．Maybethroughthatconversation,youcanbrainstormhowyouwillrespondWaystohaveahappyschoollifeYourschooldaysshouldbesomeofthebestandhappiestdaysofyourlife.Howcanyougain(收獲)themostfromthem,andensureyoudonotwastethiswonderfulopportunitytolearn?___16___Don'tsaythingsaredifficultorboring.Beinterestedinschool-lifeandyourschoolsubjects.Joininlotsofactivities.Goroundtheschoolwithabigsmile.Expecttowork.Schoolisnotaholidaycamp.Ifyouarenotworking,youarewastingyourtimeatschool.Teacherscannotmakeeverythingenjoyable.Keepfit.Ifyoudonoteatagoodbreakfast,youwillbethinkingaboutfoodinclass.Ifyougotobedlateanddonothaveenoughsleep,youwillbesleepyinclass.___17___Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday._____18_____Ifyougetbehindtheclass.itisverydifficulttogetbackinfront.Youcannotfinisharaceifyourestallthetime.___19___Everyonewillfailinsometests,losesomematchesandhavebaddays.Don'tmakesmallproblemsseemverybigandimportant.Setstudytargets.IfyourlastgradewasaD,workforaC．____20____Thinkofsmalltargets:"lwillspeakinclassfourtimesthisweek."or"Iwillgettwomoremarksthisweek."Followmyadviceandhaveahappyschoollife!A．Nopainsnogains.B．Bepositiveaboutschool.C．Trytomakeprogressbitbybit.D．Weareexpectedtogetaperfectscore.E．Donotsayyouwilldothingstomorrow.F．Playsomesportstokeepyourbodystrong.G．Don'tbetoodisappointedifthingssometimesgobadly.TheLatestandGreatestWaystoReduceYourCarbonFootprintAtthispoint,weknowthatwe’refacingaclimatecrisis.CO?levelsareattheirhighestin650,000years,whichiswhywe’veheardalotaboutour“carbonfootprint.”___21___Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO?emissions(排放)resultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.Whetheryourealizeitornot,itaffectstheenvironment.So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?___22___Changetosmartlightbulbs(燈泡)You’veprobablyalreadymadethechangefromtraditionallightbulbstoenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.That’sagreatfirststep,butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs.___23___ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.UseanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputerConsidergettinganotebookinsteadofadesktop,becauseituseslessenergy.Specifically,notebooksuseupto80percentlesselectricitythandesktops,usingbetweenone-fifthandone-thirdasmuchenergy.___24___Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapter(適配器)poweroverbatterypower.RethinkyourtransportationstrategyNoteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.___25___Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.Whileonlyafewyearsagothesecarsseemedimaginary,they’renowprettystandard,andelectricchargingstationsaregettingmorecommon.Takingtheseveryworkablestepsisagoodstart.Doingyourparttoprotecttheplanetcanbeaseasyasmakingsmall,strategicchangestoyoureverydayroutine.A．Whatmakesthemsmart?B．Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.C．But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?D．However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.E．Notonlyaretheymoreconvenient,buttheyaremoney-saving.F．Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.G．Makealistofalltheenvironmentallyfriendlythingsyoudo,andalltheunfriendlyones.HowtoTeachAChildtoRideABike?Youneverforgethowtorideabike,butmostofusforgethowharditwastolearn.____26____.Here’swhattokeepinmindwheninstructinglittleonesfromtwofeettotwowheels.Beginwiththerightequipment.Startwithabicyclethat’stherightsize.Anewbieshouldbeabletositontheseatwithbothfeetflatontheground.Ifthechildhasbeenusingabikewithtrainingwheels,removethem.____27____.Longpantsandlong-sleevedshirtsaren’tabadidea,either,topreventinjuryintheeventofafall.____28____.Headtoalocationthathassmooth,flat,openpavementandlittleornotraffictodistractorendangeryourchild.Ithelpsifthere’snoonearound,too,sohewon’tfeelself-conscious.Theidealspot?Aschoolparkinglotontheweekend.Emphasizethebasics.Thefundamentalsofbikingarebalance,coasting,pedaling,andsteering.Tohelpachildlearnthesebasicskills,remembertoshowhowtodothatinthefleshanddaretolethimtry.Nodoubttherewillbemorethanafewstopsandstartsandmaybeevenafallortwo.____29____.Nowpracticealot.Afterafairnumberofdryruns,it’stimetomovetothebigstage.Findabikepathoralittle-travelledstreetinaresidentialneighbourhood.____30____.Bikealongwithhimtocheckthathe’susingpropersafetytechniquesandfeelscomfortablepedalingintraffic.A．FindasafespottolearnB．GotopracticewiththechildC．EncouragehimtoslowdownandgoonD．ShowhimhowtosharetheroadwithcarsE．Agood-quality,well-fittinghelmetisalsoamustF．That’swhytheexperienceofteachingchildrentoridecanbefrustratingG．Buteventually,hewillmanagetorideafairstretchwithoutstoppingorfallingSomepeoplesucceed,whileothersdonot.

___31___

Thefirstthingyoumustrememberisthatinordertosucceed,itisnecessarythatyoushouldbeoptimistic.Youmusthavefaithinyourselfandinyourabilitytosucceed,otherwiseyouarenotverylikelytowin,oreventotry.

___32___.Youneedtoworkwitheveryfibreofyourbeing.Whenyoureallyhaveathirstforsuccess,youputyourperformanceunderthemicroscopetomakesurethateverylittlethingyoudoworkstowardsyourgoal.

___33___.Mostsuccessfulpeoplearenotasconventionalasthepeoplearoundthem.Whereothersseefailure,theyseepossibility.Whereothersseealack,theyseeasurplus(盈余）.___34___.Theyaremorethanjustoptimistictheyseetheworldinadifferentwaythanothersdo,anddothingsinadifferentway.

Tobecomesuccessful,youmayfinditimportanttoreadaboutsuccessfulpeople,toseehowtheyhaveachievedsuccess.___35___

.

Whileeveryone'sroadtosuccessisdifferent,manysuccessfulpeoplehavethesamedriveandthesamequalities.

Practisingisjustasimportantifyouwanttosucceed,becausepracticemakesperfect.Thiswillhelpyoufeelconfidentaboutwhatyoudo.

Ifyouownthequalitiesabove,successisyoursforthetaking!A．Whereothersseeacloseddoor,theyseeanopenwindow.B．Youneedtobeabletolookpeopleintheeyeandbehonest.C．Havingpropermotivationisnotoptionalitisanotherkeytosuccess.D．Thisisbecausesomepeopleowncertainqualitiesthatothersdonothave.E．Theirstorieswillencourageandinspireyouasyouclimbtheladderofsuccess.F．Practiceeverydayatwhatevercareeryouarein,andyouwillseeyourselfbegintogrow.G．Anotherqualitythathelpspeoplesucceedistheabilitytodoandthinkaboutthingsinnewanddifferentways.Parentscanuseplatform-levelcontrolstosetlimitsonwhichappsyourkidscandownload.Butthosetoolsdon’tallowyoutomanagewhatkidsseeonthoseappsorpreventthemfromcommunicatingwithstrangers.Inthiscase,parentalcontrolscomein.___36___First,twobigimportantrulesparentsshouldfollow:___37___Appscontaindefault(默認(rèn)的)settingsthatprovideprotectionsbasedonthedeclaredageoftheuser.Dohavecontinuingopenconversationswithyourchildrenaboutkeepingsafeonline.___38___Then,withthoseinmind,here’swhattoknowaboutsocialmediaparentalcontrolsandhowtousethem(takeTiktokforexample):Wheretostart:ReadTikTok’scomprehensiveGuardian’sGuide.Defaultsettings:Forteensages13to15,accountsareautomaticallysettoprivate.Otherteenscanchangetheiraccounttopublicbuttheirvideoswouldbeshownonlytofriends.___39___It’salsounavailablebydefaultfor16-and19-year-oldsbuttheycanchangethesettingtoallowmessagingwithfriends.Optionalsettings:WithaTikTokaccount,parentscanlimitthetimetheirteensspendonTikTok,restrictage-inappropriatecontentandsetmessagingrestrictions.Parentscanalsodeterminewhethertheirteen’saccountisprivateorpublic.___40___A．Directmessagingisunavailableforteensages13to15.B．Thesettingsaresecuredwithpasswords,soteenscan’tchangethem.C．Hereisaguideforusingtheparentalcontrolsinthesocialmediaapps.D．Don’tlieaboutyourkids’ageswhensigningupforapps,orletthemdoit.E．Thisisuselessifyou’rehandingyourphoneoverforyourchildrentoplaywith.F．Afterall,parentalcontrolsaren’tperfect,andkidscanfindwaystodisablethem.G．TikTokallowskidsunder13tobeontheapp,butinamorecontrolledenvironment.HowtoFocusonStudyingUnlessyouhaveastrongdesiretolearntheinformationordevelopaskill,itcanbehardtofocusallofyourattention.Herearesomeofthebesttricksthathelpyouincreaseyourfocusonstudying.____41____Chosearightspot.And,inordertoconcentrate,youmustremovethethingsdistracting(分心)you.Putawaymobiledevices.TurnofftheTV.Sitawayfrompeoplemakingloudnoises.Comeprepared.____42____Havepens,paper,textbooksoranythingnecessaryathand.Youshouldtakecareofeverythingoutsideofstudyingbeforeyousitdowntofocus.Ifnot,you’lljustendupgettinguprepeatedly.Makeaschedule.Aimtoworkfor30-60minuteperiodswith5-10minutebreaksinbetween.Itisaloteasiertopushyourselfforasetperiodoftime,ifyouknowyouhaveabreakcomingup.____43____Studyingthesamethingfortoolongisaninvitationtoboredom(枯燥).Makelistsandbreakdowntasks.Writedownyourstudygoalsforthatday.Makesurethetaskiswithinyourability.Itworksforanytasklikereadingabook,studyingforatest,orwhatever.Andifyouneedtowrite10pagesinaweek,scheduleyourselftowrite2pagesadayfor5days.____44____Varyyourstudytechniques____45____Varietywillkeepyouinterestedinyourstudiesandmakeyourtimemoreefficient.Bystudyingwithdifferenttechniques,yourbrainwillprocesstheinformationdifferently,thusincreasingthechanceofkeepingtheinformation.A．Findasuitableplace.B．Getridofdistractions.C．Breakthetaskintomanageableparts.D．Don’tlimityourselftoonestudymethod.E．BesuretohaveallthematerialsneededtoworkF．Setascheduletomakefulluseofyourstudytime.G．Besides,scheduleyourselftostudydifferentsubjects.Whetherit’stoimproveyourfitness,healthorenvironment,takingupbicycleridingcanbeoneofthebestdecisionsyouhaveevermade.Savetheplanet____46____.Twentybicyclescanbeparkedinthesamespaceasonecar.Ittakesaround5percentofthematerialsandenergyusedtomakeacartobuildabike,andabikeproduceszeropollution.____47____.Cyclingjust20milesaweekreducesyourriskofheartdiseasetolessthanhalfthatofthosewhotakenoexercise.StudiesfromPurdueUniversityintheUShaveshownthatregularcyclingcancutyourriskofheartdiseaseby50percent.EnjoyhealthyfamilytimeCyclingisanactivitythewholefamilycandotogether.It’skindonyourjoints,andthere’snothingtostopgrandparentsjoiningintoo.Moreover,yourridinghabitcanbesowingtheseedsforyourkids.____48____.Putsimply,ifyourkidsseeyouridingregularly,theywillthinkit’snormalandwanttofollowyourexample.IncreaseyourbrainpowerDoyouwanttobesmarterandincreaseyourbrainpower?____49____.That’sbecausecyclinghelpsbuildnewbraincellsinthehippocampus—thepartresponsibleformemorywhichgoesworsefromtheageof30.____50____.Itincreasesbloodflowandoxygentothebrain.MakeyouhappyEvenifyou’renotinagoodmood,justthree30-minuteridesaweekcanbeenoughtogivepeoplethelifttheyneed.A．ThenjustgocyclingB．KeepyourheartstrongC．MakecreativebreakthroughsD．BicyclescansavealotofspaceE．ThebenefitsofcyclingisbeyondwordsF．CyclingthroughthemileswillliftyourspiritsG．Theyareinfluencedbytheirparents’exercisechoices【參考答案】***試卷處理標(biāo)記，請(qǐng)不要?jiǎng)h除1．無1、G牝2、B牝3、D牝4、C牝5、F【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了當(dāng)下人們快節(jié)奏的生活以及產(chǎn)生的消極影響，號(hào)召人們放慢生活節(jié)奏，找到生活的意義。牝1、根據(jù)上句“Often,themoretightlypeoplescheduletheirtasks,themorelikelytheyaretolosetheiroriginaldirectionandfailtoseetherealmeaningoflife.(通常，人們把自己的任務(wù)安排得越緊，就越有可能失去原來的方向，看不到生活的真正意義)”可知，此處講述快節(jié)奏的生活導(dǎo)致的不良后果，因此下句會(huì)講述如何應(yīng)對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象。選項(xiàng)G“Inmyopinion,weshouldcalmdownandslowourlifedown(在我看來，我們應(yīng)該冷靜下來，放慢我們的生活節(jié)奏)”符合語義，故選G項(xiàng)。牝2、根據(jù)上句“Oncetheyhavejustcompletedatask,anothertaskiswaitingandthiswearsthemout.(一旦他們剛剛完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，另一項(xiàng)任務(wù)正在等待，這讓他們精疲力竭)”可知，在快節(jié)奏的生活模式下，人們一個(gè)接一個(gè)的做任務(wù)，因此下句會(huì)進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明人的精力有限，所以不能一直保持這樣的快節(jié)奏。選項(xiàng)B“Afterall,thereisalimittohumans’ability.(畢竟人的精力有限)符合語義，故選B項(xiàng)?！标?、根據(jù)下句“Tokeepupwiththecompetition,onehastomeetdeadlinesandraceagainsttime.(為了跟上競爭，一個(gè)人必須趕在最后期限前完成任務(wù)，與時(shí)間賽跑)”可知，這句在解釋快節(jié)奏的生活的一個(gè)原因是競爭，而快節(jié)奏生活會(huì)伴隨著競爭壓力，因此上句會(huì)講述快節(jié)奏的生活會(huì)帶來巨大的壓力。并與上一段中首句“Firstofall(首先)”前后呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)D“Next,thefastpaceoflifebringsgreatpressuretopeople.(其次，快節(jié)奏的生活給人們帶來了巨大的壓力)”符合語義，故選D項(xiàng)。牝4、根據(jù)上句“Theythinkthatkeepingaslowpaceisjustanexcuseforlazypeoplenottowork,andencouragesprocrastination(拖延).(他們認(rèn)為步調(diào)緩慢只是懶人不工作的借口，并鼓勵(lì)拖延)”可知，人們認(rèn)為放慢生活節(jié)奏是鼓勵(lì)拖延，以及下句“Whatslowlifeadvocatesistoslowdownthepaceoflife,sothatpeoplecanhavetimetothinkandrelaxratherthanprocrastinate.(慢生活提倡的是放慢生活節(jié)奏，讓人們有時(shí)間去思考和放松，而不是拖延)”此處觀點(diǎn)與設(shè)空處上一句是沖突的，因此設(shè)空處會(huì)提出作者對(duì)人們觀點(diǎn)的不完全認(rèn)同，才會(huì)引出下句新補(bǔ)充的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)C“Frommypointofview,thisstatementisone-sided.(從我的觀點(diǎn)來看，這種說法是片面的)”符合意義，故選C項(xiàng)。牝5、根據(jù)下句“(Readabookanddrinkacupofteaonaleisurelyafternoon,forexample.)”可知，此處列舉的讀書，喝咖啡是兩種慢節(jié)奏的生活方式，而這種方式能讓人放松，讓人開心愉悅，因此設(shè)空處會(huì)概括性的描述慢節(jié)奏的生活方式，能讓人身心愉悅，進(jìn)一步呼吁人們放慢生活節(jié)奏。選項(xiàng)F“Imaginehowpleasantitwouldbetoenjoyaniceslowlife.(想象一下，享受一種美好的慢節(jié)奏生活該有多愉快)”符合語義，故選F項(xiàng)。6、G牝7、F牝8、D牝9、B牝10、C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章講述為什么要保護(hù)鯊魚以及如何保護(hù)鯊魚。牝6、根據(jù)上文“Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.(雖然鯊魚襲擊事件確實(shí)發(fā)生，但卻非常罕見，然而，據(jù)估計(jì)，人類每年殺死1億只鯊魚)”可知，人類每年殺死1億只鯊魚，下文“Whyshouldwesavethesharks?(為什么我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)鯊魚)”提到我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)鯊魚，所以G項(xiàng)“這個(gè)數(shù)字是一個(gè)警告，許多種類的鯊魚可能會(huì)滅絕”符合語境，G項(xiàng)中“Thisnumber”指代上文的“100million”，故選G項(xiàng)。牝7、上文“Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.(隨著鯊魚的死亡，鯊魚所食用的動(dòng)物的數(shù)量將會(huì)增加。反過來，這就意味著這些動(dòng)物吃的生物數(shù)量會(huì)減少)”提到鯊魚數(shù)量減少會(huì)使其引以為食的動(dòng)物數(shù)量增加，這些動(dòng)物引以為食的生物數(shù)量就會(huì)減少，結(jié)合下文“Fishthateatalgae(藻類)arealsoincluded.(吃藻類的魚也包括在內(nèi))”中的also可知，空處應(yīng)是提到數(shù)量減少的生物包括哪些，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“其中有一些是人類每天食用的海魚”符合語境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“them”指代上文的“thecreatures”，故選F項(xiàng)。牝8、根據(jù)下文“TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.(海洋不僅產(chǎn)生的氧氣比地球上所有熱帶雨林的總和還要多，而且還從大氣中消除了一半的人為溫室氣體。一旦鯊魚滅絕，全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將被破壞，影響到包括人類在內(nèi)的所有生物)”可知，本段是講述鯊魚數(shù)量減少對(duì)全球的影響，D項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，捕殺鯊魚會(huì)影響到整個(gè)地球”統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。牝9、根據(jù)上文“First,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.(首先，鯊魚的部分可以制成維生素能量飲料和皮革制品)”及下文“Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.(此外，鯊魚肉在世界各地銷售，有時(shí)會(huì)被冠以誤導(dǎo)性的名字，如巖鮭或白魚)”可知，本段是描述鯊魚制品，B項(xiàng)“鯊魚油也被用于許多流行的美容產(chǎn)品中”符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。牝10、根據(jù)上文“Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.(漁民割下鯊魚的魚鰭，然后把還活著的鯊魚扔回水中)”可知，被割掉魚鰭的鯊魚被扔回海里，結(jié)合下文“Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.(鯊魚通過游泳呼吸，所以不會(huì)游泳的鯊魚會(huì)死亡)”可知，沒有魚鰭的鯊魚不會(huì)游泳，所以幾天就會(huì)死亡，C項(xiàng)“然后鯊魚慢慢死去，有時(shí)會(huì)持續(xù)幾天”符合語境，故選C項(xiàng)。11、C牝12、E牝13、D牝14、A牝15、G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何管理一段友誼，使友誼更加長久。牝11、根據(jù)空后的逗號(hào)可知，空處為從句?？蘸髢?nèi)容“wetalkedtoresearchers,authors,andtherapists(治療師)tolearnhowtomanagethecommonrelationshipweallface.(我們采訪了研究人員、作者和治療師，學(xué)習(xí)如何管理我們都面臨的共同關(guān)系。)”講述的是采訪了一些專業(yè)人士來學(xué)習(xí)管理友誼。選項(xiàng)C“Sincethere’snorulebookonwhattodowhenthingsgettenseorgosouth(因?yàn)楫?dāng)事情變得緊張或惡化時(shí)，并沒有規(guī)定要怎么做)”形式上為原因狀語從句，意義上解釋了為什么要采訪那些人的原因。故選C項(xiàng)。牝12、根據(jù)空后“Andamajorwaythishappensisthroughbrokenpromises.(發(fā)生這種情況的一個(gè)主要方式就是違背諾言。)”可知，空處需要提到“this”所指代的內(nèi)容，且應(yīng)該是違背諾言帶來的后果。選項(xiàng)E“Infact,it’scommontoexperiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriends(事實(shí)上，受到朋友的嚴(yán)重傷害是很正常的)”中提到的“experiencesomeserioushurtfromyourfriends”正是下文的this。故選E項(xiàng)。牝13、根據(jù)空后的逗號(hào)可知，空處為從句。根據(jù)空后的“thefirstthingtodoisrememberthatnooneisperfect,saysJanYager,PhD,friendshipcoach.(要記住沒有人是完美的，友誼教練JanYager博士說。)”可知，空處提到的應(yīng)該是不好的事情發(fā)生的時(shí)候，我們應(yīng)該記住人無完人。選項(xiàng)D“Butwhileitmaybepainful(雖然它可能是痛苦的)”形式上為讓步狀語從句，內(nèi)容上也與下文一致。故選D項(xiàng)。牝14、空處為段首句，為本段中心句。下文““Sometimesjealousy(妒忌)showsourdeepestdesires,”saysDr.Yager.“Healthyenvy(嫉妒)canmotivateyoutobecomebetterandbeinspiredbyyourfriend’ssuccess,”shesays.(Yager博士說:“有時(shí)候嫉妒顯示了我們內(nèi)心深處的欲望。”她說:“健康的嫉妒可以激勵(lì)你變得更好，并從你朋友的成功中受到鼓舞?！?”可知，本段講述的是嫉妒在一段關(guān)系中的必要性。選項(xiàng)A“Experiencingenvy(經(jīng)歷嫉妒)”與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選A項(xiàng)。牝15、根據(jù)空前“Thenfindsomeoneelsetotalkto-maybeafamilymember,oraclosefriend(notonewhowentonthetrip)-toexplainhowyoufeel.(然后找其他人傾訴——可能是家人，或者是親密的朋友（不是去旅行的人）——解釋你的感受。)”講述的是當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)朋友們?nèi)ザ燃俣鴽]有帶上你時(shí)，要找人傾述內(nèi)心的感受。選項(xiàng)G“Maybethroughthatconversation,youcanbrainstormhowyouwillrespond(也許通過這次談話，你可以想出一下如何應(yīng)對(duì))”中的“thatconversation”指的正是上文的“talk”，內(nèi)容上是上文的延續(xù)，解釋了找人傾述的好處。故選G項(xiàng)。16、B牝17、F牝18、E牝19、G牝20、C【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述的是如何過快樂的校園生活的六種主要的方法。牝16、根據(jù)下文Don'tsaythingsaredifficultorboring．Beinterestedinschool-lifeandyourschoolsubjects不要說事情很困難或無聊。對(duì)學(xué)校生活和你的學(xué)校科目感興趣；可知積極地對(duì)待學(xué)校；所以B選項(xiàng)是正確的。牝17、根據(jù)上文Ifyoudonoteatagoodbreakfast,youwillbethinkingaboutfoodinclass.Ifyougotobedlateanddonothaveenoughsleep,youwillbesleepyinclass.（如果你不吃好早餐，你會(huì)在課堂上想著食物。如果你晚睡，沒有足夠的睡眠，你會(huì)在課堂上昏昏欲睡。）可知要注意保持健康；這樣才能專注于學(xué)習(xí)。故F選項(xiàng)“做一些運(yùn)動(dòng)來保持你的身體強(qiáng)壯?！狈险Z境。故選F項(xiàng)。牝18、根據(jù)上文Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.（今日事今日畢。）可知今天的事情要今天就完成，不要說你明天會(huì)去做。故選E項(xiàng)。牝19、根據(jù)下文Everyonewillfailinsometests，losesomematchesandhavebaddays（每個(gè)人都會(huì)在一些測試中失敗，輸?shù)粢恍┍荣悾性愀獾娜兆?。）可知每個(gè)人都會(huì)有不如意的事情，所以如果事情有時(shí)變得很糟糕，不要太失望。故選G項(xiàng)。牝20、根據(jù)下文Thinkofsmalltargets："Iwillspeakinclassfourtimesthisweek.（定一個(gè)小目標(biāo)，我這周要在課堂上講四次）；可知通過制定和實(shí)現(xiàn)小的目標(biāo)來試著一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地進(jìn)步。所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的。21、C牝22、F牝23、A牝24、B牝25、D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了日常生活中減少碳足跡的最新和最好的方法：使用智能燈泡，使用筆記本電腦，以及改變交通方式。牝21、根據(jù)后文“Essentially,yourcarbonfootprintistheamountofCO?emissionsresultingfromeachofyourdailyactivities,aswellastheproductsyouconsume.(從本質(zhì)上講，你的碳足跡是指你日?；顒?dòng)中產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳排放量，以及你消費(fèi)的產(chǎn)品。)”可知，后文對(duì)術(shù)語“carbonfootprint”進(jìn)行了解釋，由此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是對(duì)此術(shù)語提出了疑惑。選項(xiàng)C“But,whatexactlyisacarbonfootprint?(但是，究竟什么是碳足跡?)”在句意上與后文銜接緊密，“But”作為轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，與上一段構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)緊密。故選C項(xiàng)。牝22、根據(jù)前文“So,howcanwereduceourcarbonfootprint?(那么，我們?cè)鯓硬拍軠p少碳足跡呢?)”提出了如何減少碳足跡的問題，設(shè)空句應(yīng)對(duì)此回答；同時(shí)設(shè)空句應(yīng)對(duì)后文提出的“Changetosmartlightbulbs(換成智能燈泡)”，“Useanotebookcomputerinsteadofadesktopcomputer(用筆記本電腦而不是臺(tái)式電腦)”等一系列居家生活措施進(jìn)行總結(jié)。選項(xiàng)F“Makingsomesmallchangesinyourdailylifecanmakeadifference.(在你的日常生活中做一些小的改變會(huì)讓你的生活有所不同。)”總結(jié)概括了后文的措施，回答了前文提出的問題，前后銜接緊密，符合語境分析。故選F項(xiàng)。牝23、根據(jù)后文“ThesebulbscanwirelesslyconnecttotheInternetandmostimportantly,yoursmartphone,enablingyoutoturnonthelightsorchangethecoloreasily.(這些燈泡可以無線連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，最重要的是，你的智能手機(jī)，使你可以輕松地打開燈或改變顏色。)”講述了智能燈泡是如何智能的，因此可推知，設(shè)空句對(duì)“smartbulbs”提出了疑問。選項(xiàng)A“Whatmakesthemsmart?(是什么讓它們變得智能？)”對(duì)其“智能性”提出了疑問，符合句意分析，且句中的“them”呼應(yīng)前文“…butyoucandoonebetterbychangingtosmartLEDbulbs(……但你可以做得更好，換智能LED燈泡)”中“smartLEDbulbs”，前后銜接緊密。故選A項(xiàng)。牝24、根據(jù)后文“Notebookcomputersareanadditional20percentmorepowerefficientwhenrunningonACadapterpoweroverbatterypower.(筆記本電腦在使用交流適配器供電時(shí)，比電池供電的效率高出20%。)”具體講述了筆記本電腦的另一個(gè)低碳好處，因此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)包含遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過渡詞，同時(shí)引出后文。選項(xiàng)B“Besides,anaddedbenefitexists.(此外，還有一個(gè)額外的好處。)”包含過渡遞進(jìn)詞匯“Besides(此外)”，“anaddedbenefit”對(duì)應(yīng)后文具體解釋，前后銜接緊密。故選B項(xiàng)。牝25、前文“Noteveryonehastheoptionofwalking,biking,ortakingpublictransportationtowork,butifyoudo,thosearethebestwaystoreduceyourtransportation-relatedcarbonfootprint.(不是每個(gè)人都有步行、騎自行車或乘坐公共交通工具去上班的選擇，但如果你這樣做了，這些是減少與交通有關(guān)的碳足跡的最好方法。)”提及了與交通有關(guān)的減少碳足跡的方法，后文“Ifthisisthecase,youmaywanttoconsiderusinganelectriccar.(如果是這樣的話，你可以考慮使用電動(dòng)汽車。)”提到了使用電動(dòng)汽車減少與交通有關(guān)的碳足跡方法，由此可推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折句，以說明前文提及的一系列方式不適合，同時(shí)便于引出后文的“電動(dòng)汽車”方法。選項(xiàng)D“However,inalotofplaces,thissimplyisn’tpossible.(然而，在很多地方，這是不可能的。)”出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折副詞“However”，“this”呼應(yīng)前文內(nèi)容，符合語境分析。故選D項(xiàng)。26、F牝27、E牝28、A牝29、G牝30、B【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了怎樣教孩子騎自行車。牝26、上文“Youneverforgethowtorideabike,butmostofusforgethowharditwastolearn.(你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記如何騎自行車，但我們大多數(shù)人都忘記了這是多么困難的學(xué)習(xí)。)”說明學(xué)習(xí)騎自行車是一件困難的事情，選項(xiàng)F“這就是為什么教孩子騎自行車會(huì)讓人沮喪的原因”承接上文，說明這種困難甚至?xí)斐山毯⒆域T車的人很沮喪。通順合理。故選F項(xiàng)。牝27、下文“Longpantsandlong-sleevedshirtsaren’tabadidea,either,topreventinjuryintheeventofafall.(長褲和長袖襯衫也不錯(cuò)，可以防止摔倒時(shí)受傷。)”建議為了防止受傷，穿什么樣的衣服，選項(xiàng)E“一頂質(zhì)量好、尺寸合適的頭盔也是必須的”建議為了防止受傷，戴什么樣的頭盔。選項(xiàng)和下文都談到學(xué)騎車的穿戴，語義一致。故選E項(xiàng)。牝28、下文“Headtoalocationthathassmooth,flat,openpavementandlittleornotraffictodistractorendangeryourchild.(去一個(gè)有平滑，平坦，開放的人行道，很少或沒有交通分散或危及你的孩子。)”建議要去一個(gè)沒有危險(xiǎn)的地方學(xué)騎車，選項(xiàng)A“找一個(gè)安全的地方學(xué)習(xí)”概括引領(lǐng)下文，建議找一個(gè)安全的地方學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項(xiàng)。牝29、上文“Nodoubttherewillbemorethanafewstopsandstartsandmaybeevenafallortwo.(毫無疑問，會(huì)有不止幾次的停止和啟動(dòng)，甚至可能會(huì)跌倒一兩次。)”說明學(xué)習(xí)過程中會(huì)有停止甚至摔倒的可能，選項(xiàng)G“但最終，他將設(shè)法在不停止或摔倒的情況下平穩(wěn)地騎完一段距離”承接上文，轉(zhuǎn)