2021屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit10Money課時作業(yè)10b北師大版必修4

課時作業(yè)10MoneyⅠ.閱讀理解(2019·武漢外國語學(xué)校月考)Hospitalsemploymanytherapeutic(治療的)methods,suchasmedication(藥物治療),massage(按摩)therapyandmusictherapy.Andmusictherapyisgrowinginpopularity.SandraSiedlieckiisaSeniorScientistattheNursingInstituteofClevelandClinicinOhio.Shesaysmusicisalow-costtreatment.Andshesaysscientistshavedonealotofresearchonmusic'seffectonpain.DrMarianGooddidalotofstudieslookingatsurgery(外科)patientsandtheuseofmusic.Inherstudies,patientsjustlistenedtorelaxingmusic.DrGoodfoundthathersurgerypatientstookfewerpainkillersaftertheylistenedtomusic.Musichadagoodeffectonshort-termpain.However,chronicpain,thekindthatrecurs(復(fù)發(fā))continually,changedalittleundertheeffectofmusic.DrLindaChlanwasstudyingsomethingdifferent.Shewasnotinterestedinpatients'pain,butinstead,theiranxiety.Shespentalotoftimewithpeoplewhowereinhospitalbecausetheiranxietywassogreatthattheycouldn'tbreathe.Peoplewiththisconditionoftenhavetousebreathingmachines.DrChlansaidthatthemachinessometimesdidlittletoimprovetheircondition.Sometimestheyevenmadethingsworse.Thepatientswouldbecomemoreanxious.DrChlanletnursestellpatientsthatmusicwasagoodchoicetomakethemfeelbetter.Theyalsoplacedsignsnearthepatients'beds—Listentomusicatleasttwiceaday.Thepeoplewholistenedtomusichadareduction(減少)intheamountofmedicationtheyreceived.Inaddition,theiranxietyreducedbyabout36percent.Bothdoctorshadsimilarexplanationsforwhymusicwassohelpful.Musiccanbeaverypowerfuldistracter(干擾)inthebrainwhenwe'relisteningtomusicthatispleasingandthenitinterruptsstressfulthoughts.本文通過介紹兩位醫(yī)生的調(diào)查研究，告訴我們音樂可以減輕病人的疼痛以及緩解人們的壓力。1．DrMarianGood'sstudiesshowthatmusictherapy________.A．canhelppatientsrecoverfastB．cannottaketheplaceofmedicationC．doesn'tworkwellonallpatientsD．ischeaperthanmassagetherapyandmedication答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容可知，音樂療法對于短期疼痛療效顯著，但是對于慢性疼痛則收效甚微，即音樂療法并不適用于所有的病人。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．DrGoodandDrChlandidn'tagreewitheachotheronmusic'seffect.B．Patientswillforgettheirillnessescompletelywhilelisteningtomusic.C．Patientswithgreatanxietywouldnotrecoveraftertakingmedicine.D．Listeningtoenjoyablemusicisagoodwaytorelieveanxiety.答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中所講的DrLindaChlan的研究結(jié)果以及最后一段中的“Musiccanbeaverypowerfuldistracter(干擾)inthebrainwhenwe'relisteningtomusicthatispleasingandthenitinterruptsstressfulthoughts.”可知，愉快的音樂可以分散大腦的注意力，從而緩解人們的緊張情緒。故選D項。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Thebrain. B．Music.C．Stress. D．Medicine.答案：B解析：代詞指代題。畫線詞it所在的句子的意思是“音樂是一種強有力的可以分散大腦注意力的東西，愉快的音樂可以緩解人們的緊張情緒”。由此可知it指代音樂。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toshowthatmusictherapyisuseful.B．Toencourageallpatientstolistentomusic.C．Totellhowtoreducepainandanxiety.D．Toexplainhowmusicreducespainandanxiety.答案：A解析：寫作目的題。作者通過介紹兩位醫(yī)生的調(diào)查研究，告訴我們音樂可以減輕病人的疼痛以及緩解人們的壓力。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2019·人大附中月考)WhatIThinkofBoxingasaSportBoxingisapopularsport.Newspapers,magazinesandsportsprogrammesonTVfrequentlycoverboxingmatches.Itcouldbethetoughestofallsportstosurvive.Ittakesboxershoursinthegymandyearstodevelopthespecificcharacteristicsneededtobeagreatboxer.__1__Itseemstomethatsomepeople,especiallymen,finditappealingbecauseitisanaggressivesport.Whentheywatchaboxingmatch,theycanidentifywiththewinningboxer.Thisgivesthemthefeelingofbeingawinnerthemselves.__2__Theydothatbecausetheboxercomesfromtheirowncountry,andif“their”boxerloses,theyoftenfeelasiftheyhavelostafightthemselves.Itisafactthatmanypeoplehavefeelingsofaggressionfromtimetotime,buttheycannotshowtheiraggressionintheireverydaylives.Watchingaboxingmatchgivesthemawayofexpressingit.__3__Althoughboxerswearglovesduringthefights,andamateurboxersevenhavetowearhelmets,akindofstronghardhat,therehavefrequentlybeenaccidentsinbothprofessionalandamateurboxing,sometimeswithdramaticconsequences.Boxershavesufferedfromheadinjuries,and,occasionally,fightershaveevenbeenkilledasaresultofbeingknockedoutinthering.__4__Theyareusuallyintheformofseriousbraindamage,evenifaboxerhasneverbeenknockedout.Toconclude,Iampersonallynotatallinfavorofaggressivesportslikeboxing.__5__Wecancelebratemoremenandwomenfromnon-aggressivesportsasourheroesinoursociety.Ibelievethattheworldhasbeenaggressiveenoughalready!Ofcourse,peoplelikecompetitivesports,andsodoI,butIthinkthathittingotherpeopleinanaggressivewayisnotsomethingthatshouldberegardedasasport.A．However,boxingcanbeaverydangeroussport.B．Sometimesfansarerootingforaparticularboxer.C．Inboxing,fightersarerequiredtohitamovingtarget.D．Manyfansaredrawntothesportbecausetheylovethecompetition.E．Perhapsthatisthereasonwhysuccessfulboxersaretreatedasbigheroes.F．IthinkitwouldbebetteriflesstimewasgiventoaggressivesportsonTV.G．Besides,studieshaveshownthatthereareoftenlong-termeffectsofboxing.1．E解析：分析該空前一句話，再結(jié)合各個選項中的句子，可選出E為此空的答案。2．B解析：根據(jù)本空后的They可知，這個They指代的是那些拳擊手的粉絲，結(jié)合各個選項，可馬上選出B，因為它的主語是fans。3．A解析：做好此題，關(guān)鍵是抓住這一句后面所講的內(nèi)容。分析可知這段所講的是打拳擊的一些危險的事，故A為正確答案。4．G解析：根據(jù)分析可知這段所講的是打拳擊的一些危險的事，作為這段的收尾，應(yīng)選G。5．F解析：此處應(yīng)該用一個作者表達(dá)自己觀點的句子，故選F。Ⅲ.語法填空(2019·河南信陽模擬)Thinkfast:Howclosedoyoulivetoyourlocalgrocerystore?Mostofusdon'tknow.Aslongasit'sclosetohome,it'snotaproblem.Butwhenyoudon'thavealocalgrocerystore,oryouhaveonebutit'stoofarawaytogetto__1__transportation,figuringouthowyou'llbuyyourgroceries__2__(become)abigproblem.Forthepastdecade,Americanshavedriven__3__averageof6milesbetweenhomeandtheirclosestgrocerystore.ForruralAmericans,__4__(especial)thoseintheSouth,thetripcanbemuch__5__(long)—forexample,inthefoodlandscapeoftheLowerMississippiDelta,you'lllikelyfindonesupermarket__6__(serve)a190.5-square-milearea.There,residentscouldexpect__7__(drive)30milesormorefromhometostore.Thisphenomenon__8__(call)afooddesert.Thetermdatesbackatleastadecade__9__itwasusedtodescribehowurbansupermarketsintheUnitedKingdomwerereceding(退去)intothesuburbs.Butsincetheimbalanceoffood__10__(choose)isn'tlimitedtooneregionoftheworld,theexpressionisnowusedtodescribetheoccurrencearoundtheglobe,includingareasofNorthAmerica,LatinAmerica,AsiaandAustralia.本文是一篇說明文。介紹了食物沙漠的概念。1．without解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指沒有交通工具便很難到達(dá)雜貨店，故填without。2．becomes/will_become解析：考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。本文時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，此處可以用一般現(xiàn)在時，或者是一般將來時，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”原則；又因為動詞-ing形式作主語，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。3．a(chǎn)n解析：考查冠詞。過去十年里，美國人平均開6英里的車程以往返于家和最近的雜貨店。anaverageof“平均”。4．especially解析：考查副詞。此處指特別是住在南方的美國鄉(xiāng)下人，especially“特別；尤其”。5．longer解析：考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)上下文語境及空前的“much”可知，此處指美國鄉(xiāng)下人，特別是住在南方的美國鄉(xiāng)下人去購物的旅途更遠(yuǎn)，故使用比較級形式。6．serving解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，find為謂語動詞，onesupermarket與serve之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式作后置定語。7．to_drive解析：考查動詞不定式。動詞expect后接不定式作賓語。expecttodosth.“期待做某事”。8．is_called解析：考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為食物沙漠。本文為一般現(xiàn)在時，故本句用一般現(xiàn)在時；又因為Thisphenomenon與call之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故使用被動語態(tài)。9．when解析：考查定語從句。adecade為先行詞，表示時間，后面是定語從句，句中缺少時間狀語，故填when。10．choice(s)解析：考查名詞。食物選擇的不均衡性并不局限在世界某個區(qū)域?？涨坝忻~作定語，空處作介詞of的賓語，故空處應(yīng)用名詞形式。choice“選擇”既可為可數(shù)名詞，又可為不可數(shù)名詞，故填choice(s)。Ⅳ.短文改錯(2019·山東菏澤調(diào)研)IcomeacrosstheolddustmannearlyeverymorningIgotoschool.EverytimeImeethim,hegreetsmewithsmile.Maybeitissixo'clockinthemorningorevenearlywhentheoldmanbeginstoworking.Helooksatleastinthesixtiesandisalwaysdressingindarkblue.Inmyopinion,theoldmanisveryworthrespecting.Althoughheisold,hedoesn'tdependonotherforaliving;inthesametime,heprovidesuswithcleansurroundings.Hisoptimisticattitudestolifeisinspiresmetoworkhardtoachievemyowndream.答案與解析IcomeacrosstheolddustmannearlyeverymorningIgotoschool.EverytimeImeethim,hegreetsmewitheq\o(∧,\s\do15(a))smile.Maybeitissixo'clockinthemorningoreveneq\o(early,\s\do15(earlier))whentheoldmanbeginstoeq\o(working,\s\do15(work)).Helooksatleastineq\o(the,\s\do15(his))sixtiesandisalwayseq\o(dressing,\s\do15(dressed))indarkblue.Inmyopinion,theoldmaniseq\o(very,\s\do15(well))worthrespecting.Althoughheisold,hedoesn'tdependoneq\o(other,\s\do15(others))foraliving;eq\o(in,\s\do15(at))thesametime,heprovidesuswithcleansurroundings.Hisoptimisticeq\o(attitudes,\s\do15(attitude))tolifeeq\o(is,＼)inspiresmetoworkhardtoachievemyowndream.1．smile前加a考查冠詞。smile為可數(shù)名詞，前面要加不定冠詞。2．early→earlier考查形容詞比較級用法。前面有sixo'clock，后面說“甚至比這還要早”，因此應(yīng)該是比較級。3．working→work考查非謂語動詞。begintodo意思是“開始做某事”，to為不定式符號。4．the→his考查介詞搭配。表示“某人六十幾歲”用inone'ssixties。5．dressing→dressed考查動詞短語。bedressedin為固定搭配，意思是“穿著……”。6．very→well考查副詞。worth前可以用well修飾，而不可以用very修飾。7．other→others考查代詞。others這里指“其他人”，因此是復(fù)數(shù)形式。8．in→at考查介詞短語。atthesametime意思是“同時”，為固定搭配。9．a(chǎn)ttitudes→attitude考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?！皩ι畹膽B(tài)度”，attitude應(yīng)該是單數(shù)。從后面的謂語動詞我們也可以知道，這里應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。10．去掉is考查語態(tài)。后面有me作賓語，說明inspire在這里用主動形式，因此本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。Ⅴ.書面表達(dá)(2019·河北石家莊檢測)假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國筆友Steve來信說他計劃收藏一些有代表性的關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化的讀本，請你推薦兩本經(jīng)典中文啟蒙讀本。根據(jù)下表提供的信息，請你給他寫一封回信。讀本《千字文》《三字經(jīng)》收字250句，994字474句，1