定語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)典完整版課件

什么是定語(yǔ)？定語(yǔ)是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子，漢語(yǔ)中常用“……的”表示。單詞作定語(yǔ)一般前置,句子或短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)則必須后置.句子作定語(yǔ)則叫定語(yǔ)從句.ablueseaahandsomeboy第1頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.第2頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Theman

wholivesnexttous

sellsvegetables.先行詞放置于名詞之_____，修飾名詞的從句關(guān)系詞連接作用1.2.在從句中充當(dāng)成分后3.代替先行詞第3頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)關(guān)系詞1.關(guān)系代詞2.關(guān)系副詞1.指人2.指物3.指某一情況thatwhowhomwhosethatwhichwhosewhichas不能放于句首放于句中或句首“正如”whenwherewhy(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ))(狀語(yǔ))第4頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句的位置:1.緊跟在先行詞的后面:YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.2.定語(yǔ)從句后移/分隔式定語(yǔ)從句Thedaysaregonewhenpeoplesufferedalot.3.as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可前移Asweallknow,theearthisround.第5頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句Jointhefollowingsentences:1.Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.amachinethemachineamachinethat/which關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指,that/which代指先行詞machine。第6頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Thinkandconclude

1.意義：定語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)修飾名詞的句子.2.寫(xiě)法：①找出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的共有成分；②將從句中的共有成分去掉；③用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)剩下的從句，并緊接在被修飾詞之后．第7頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.ThegirlisMary.ThegirlisMary.wesawheryesterdaywho/thatwesawyesterday關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的復(fù)指，who/that代指先行詞thegirl。第8頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)IprefertherobotcanplaytheguitarwhichtherobotTherobotb.Howtomakeit?第9頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Thecarwhichmyunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.2.ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.定義：修飾名詞或代詞的從句。先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞。關(guān)系詞/連接詞：連接主句和定語(yǔ)從句的連詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，一定要在從句中充當(dāng)成分。第10頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句:

關(guān)系代詞(作主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)):1.who/whom(that)2.which(that)3..that不能放在介詞的后面4.whose=ofwhich或ofwhom5.as關(guān)系副詞(作狀語(yǔ))

:1.where=介詞+which2.when=介詞+which3.why=for+which4.way的特殊用法

thewayhelives.thathelives.inwhichhelives.關(guān)系詞的作用:1)連接；2)代替先行詞；3)在定從中作成分。第11頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)一、關(guān)系代詞1.Thenumberofpeople____losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.whenA1.who作定從的主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)指人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不可省略指代先行詞第12頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.Theboy_____wesawyesterdaywasJohn'sbrother.A.whomB./C.whichD.whenAB2.whom作定從的賓語(yǔ)指人可省略指代先行詞第13頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.Spielbergwonaprizeforashortfilm_____hemade.A.whichB.whoC./D.whereAC3.which作定從的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)指物作賓語(yǔ)可省略指代先行詞第14頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)4.It'saboutabigshark____attacksswimmers___arespendingtheirholidaysinasmallvillage.A.whereB.whoC.thatD.whichE./4.that作定從的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)指物或人作賓語(yǔ)可省略指代先行詞CDBC第15頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)5.Spielberg,_____motherwasamusicteacher,wasbornin1946.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.thatC5.whose作定從的定語(yǔ)指物或人不可省略指代先行詞=sb's/sth's第16頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Ioncelivedinahouse____wasbroken.A.whoseroofB.whichroofC.ofwhichtheroofD.theroofofwhichACD5.whose＋n＝ofwhich/whomthe+n=the+n+ofwhich/whom她父母不想把女兒嫁給一個(gè)家境貧窮的男人。Herparentsdon'twanttomarrytheirdaughtertoaman_________ispoor.

whosefamily=thefamilyofwhom=ofwhomthefamily

theroofofthehouse第17頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)關(guān)系副詞和定語(yǔ)從句第18頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Istillremembertheday..

=when(1)(2)onthedayIcamehere=onwhich我仍然記得（我來(lái)到這里的）那天。

(1)我仍然記得這天。(2)在這天我來(lái)到這里。

第19頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Doyouknowthedate___Lincolnwasborn?A.whichB.onwhichC.whenD.where1.whenBC作定從的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)指時(shí)間,在從句中表示"在...時(shí)間"=in/on...+which先行詞為時(shí)間名詞第20頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)

Thisisthehouse.lastyear.

=inwhich=whereIlivedinthehouse

(1)(2)

就是這所（我去年住過(guò)的）房子。

(1)就是這所房子。(2)我去年在這所房子住過(guò)。

第21頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.Thefarm_____wepickedcottonwas90kilometersaway.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.onwhichBD2.where作定從的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)指地點(diǎn),在從句中表示"在...地點(diǎn)"=in/on...+which先行詞為地點(diǎn)名詞(situation,business,case,point,surroundings,environment,scene等為地點(diǎn)概念的名詞)第22頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Hegaveareason.

=forwhich

=why(1)(2)

forthereason.peoplelikemusic(1)他給了一個(gè)原因(2)因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因人們喜歡音樂(lè)。

他給了一個(gè)（人們喜歡音樂(lè)的）原因。

第23頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.Idon'tknowthereason____helooksunhappy.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD./BC3.why作定從的原因狀語(yǔ)指原因,在從句中表示"因?yàn)?..原因"=forwhich先行詞為reasonIdisapprovethereasons____hecameupwith.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD./AD因此先行詞雖然為reason,但如果連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ),則只能用that/which第24頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason___________________hegaveus.

when(which/that)where(which/that)why(that/which)幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞inwhichinwhichforwhich第25頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)4.以way為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句問(wèn)題。Idon'tliketheway____hetalkedtohismother.Idon'tliketheway____hechosetodoit.A.thatB.inwhichC./D.howABCACway方式，方法1.連接詞如果在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用that或者inwhich且可以略。2.連接詞如果在從句作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用that或which

第26頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)指人指物主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)thatwhichwhowhom關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：何時(shí)可以省略？第27頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)指人指物主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)that

whichwhowhom√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略第28頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)解題方法和技巧1.首先是確定關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。若是作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，則在關(guān)系代詞中選擇。若是作狀語(yǔ)，則在關(guān)系副詞中選擇。2.其次是看先行詞是人還是物；是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是reason,way。第29頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.ShelookedatJeff___waswavinghisarms.2.Thegirl____legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital.3.Andthereshesawawallofwater___wasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which1、判斷關(guān)系詞在定從中的成分是關(guān)鍵；2、再看先行詞。ABCBD第30頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞既可是人也可以是物，whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)：whose+n=the+n.+of+which/whom.

=ofwhich/whom+the+n.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisblack.請(qǐng)把封面是黑色的書(shū)拿給我看看。=Pleaseshowmethebook____________________________isblack．Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.

=Thisisthescientist____________________isknownallovertheworld.=the

nameofwhomofwhomthe

namethecoverofwhich=ofwhichthecover第31頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句使用中的特殊情況一、只能用that的情況：1.先行詞既有物又有人時(shí)。Hespokeofthepersonsandthings

thathehadseenabroad.2.先行詞something,anything,everything，all,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)或被修飾時(shí)。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?3.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThisisthefirstplacethatIvisitedlasttime.第32頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)定語(yǔ)從句使用中的特殊情況４.在疑問(wèn)詞who、which、what開(kāi)頭的句子中。Whoisthemanthatisspeakingoverthere?５.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。Heisnolongertheboythathewas10yearsago.６．當(dāng)先行詞前有all,thevery,theonly,thejust修飾時(shí)Thisthevery(正好，恰好)pursethatyoulost.第33頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)二、不用that的情況：1.介詞后指代人用whom,指物用which.不用關(guān)系詞that。Iheardoftheman,aboutwhomhetalked.DoyoulikethebookfromwhichIlearnedmuch.定語(yǔ)從句使用中的特殊情況aboutthat(X)fromthat(X)第34頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句里指代人用who,whom,指物用which.不用關(guān)系詞that。Betty,

whohasneverbeenabroad,isreadingnow.Betty,whomyoumetisreadingnow.Shewaslateagain,whichmademeunhappy.that(X)第35頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.that,whichorwho?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat第36頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格theEnglishofthestudents=theEnglishofwhomTheteacherpraisedthestudent,theEnglishofwhom(ofwhomtheEnglish)isthebestinourclass.難用的whose第37頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken=thewindowofthehouse=thewindowofwhich第38頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)二、不用that的情況：1.介詞后禁用關(guān)系詞that。Iheardoftheman,aboutwhomhetalked.2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Shewaslateagain,whichmademeunhappy.定語(yǔ)從句使用中的特殊情況aboutthat(X)that(X)第39頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)三,介詞＋關(guān)系代詞的問(wèn)題。第40頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第41頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第42頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第43頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第44頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?第45頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin×

×

Arethesetwosentencesright?可見(jiàn),who、that不能用與介詞之后第46頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況2Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin第47頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況3Helivesinalonelyvillage.Atthebackofitisahill.Helivesinalovelyvillage,atthebackof______isahill.Hehasthreesisters.Allofthemareabroad.Hehasthreesisters,allof________areabroad.whichwhomJointhefollowingsentences:第48頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞1.由先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配或根據(jù)先行詞的需要Thespeedatwhichlighttravelsis300,000kmpersecond.Theroominwhichthereisablackboardistheirclassroom.介詞可能是從句謂語(yǔ)的一個(gè)部分,或動(dòng)詞所需要的搭配Don’tbringchildrentoseetheanimalsofwhichtheyareafraid.Thisisthejobatwhichtheylaughed.第49頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.表示所有關(guān)系或整體的一部分,常用ofwhichChinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.Ihavemanyfriends,___somearebusiness.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhomSome,any,several,many,most,all,both,neither,none,half,one等和形容詞比較級(jí),最高級(jí)之后接ofwhom/whichD第50頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)TheNorthIslandisfamousforanareaofhotsprings,someofwhichthrowhotwaterhighintotheair.Therearealtogether11booksontheshelf,___fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhichThereare2buildings,___standsnearly100feethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhichCD第51頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.

在固定短語(yǔ)中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?3.固定動(dòng)詞或介詞短語(yǔ)搭配第52頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.

Doyoulikethebook

shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook

shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook

shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook

sheoftentalks?5.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.7.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況練習(xí)第53頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

whypeopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

ontheday=onwhich=wheninthehouse=inwhich=whereforthereasons=forwhich=whyintheway=that=inwhich關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞第54頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Fillintheblankswith“prep+whom/which”.Theteacher___________IlearntmostwasMrs.Zhu.What’sthenameofthesport___________yougoinaboat?Mathematicsisthesubject_____________Iammostinterested.Thisisthequestion________________wehavehadadiscussion.Thisisthehouse___________________Iwasborn.fromwhominwhichaboutwhichinwhichinwhich第55頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Thisisthepen_______________Iwrotetheletter.Isthatthegirl________________youlentyourbicycle?Hereistheaddress______________youshouldwriteThesearethethings_______________Ispokejustnow.Isthatthefish______________youaskedthewaiter?withwhichtowhichtowhichaboutwhichforwhich第56頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Themoonisaball_____________therearenolivingthings.Waterisveryimportanttofish,____________itcan'tlive.Welovethevillage______________weworkfortwoyears.Peter,____________IplayedtennisonSundays,wasstrongerthanI.onwhichwithoutwhichinwhichwithwhom第57頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)介詞＋關(guān)系代詞的問(wèn)題。1.ofwhich/whom結(jié)構(gòu)很多時(shí)候表示“其中Class14has75students,ofwhom35studentsaregirls.=35studentsofwhomaregirls.2.when/why/where很多時(shí)候可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞+關(guān)系代詞。ThisisthehousewhereIlive.Everyoneknowsthereasonwhyhesucceeded.IrememberthedaywhenIvisitedthetemple.inwhichforwhichonwhich第58頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Onherbirthday,shereceivedfromherparentsanicepresent_____anotewasattached,_____“Weloveyousomuch”.A.that,sayingB.towhich,sayingC.towhich,saidD.inwhich,said

Alecaskedthepoliceman_______heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.WithhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom第59頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason___________________hegaveus.

when(which/that)where(which/that)why(that/which)幾種易混的情況及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞inwhichinwhichforwhich第60頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句第61頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：此時(shí)無(wú)論它在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分它都不能省約，也不能換為that1)和主句之間的關(guān)系不密切，只起附加說(shuō)明作用：Wealllikethebook,whichwaswrittenbyLuXun.2)用來(lái)代替整個(gè)先行分句的內(nèi)容。這時(shí)它所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后：Bushwaselectedpresidentagain,whichmadeJimverysad.

一.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞who/whom/whose/which/where/when/why/as來(lái)引導(dǎo),不能用that第62頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)二.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.as具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞是固定的,如：asyouknow/see/planned/asweexpected/understand/think/believe也可以將它們用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中:asisknown/seen/planned/expected第63頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_________isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.______isknowntoall_________theearthisround.______isknowntoallis_________theearthisround.Itwhich/asAsIt定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,it為形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句thatWhatthatwhat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句第64頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用于下列固定句型中1).Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.2).Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書(shū)。(定語(yǔ)從句)這本書(shū)如此有趣，大家都喜歡它。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)as第65頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用于下列固定句型中as3)Thisisthesamebag_____

Ilostyesterday.4)Thisisthesamebag_____

Ilostyesterday.同類異物that這就是家我丟的那個(gè)包包。同物這個(gè)包包和我丟的那個(gè)一樣。第66頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)三.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.5.Hehastwosons.Bothof___________

areteachers.6.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.This/Itwhichthemwhomthemthat1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.which

×whom××引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，一律不能省略4.Hefailedintheexam;_______madehisparentsangry.this/it第67頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1.which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放于逗號(hào)后面。2.as引導(dǎo)的從句可前可后，常用于asissaidabove（如上所述),asweknow（我們都知道),asiswellknown,asisoftenthecase（正如往常一樣），asisreported,asweexpect等結(jié)構(gòu)中，as含有“正如，正像”之意。第68頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)四.限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:①限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于修飾和限定先行詞，與先行詞之間的關(guān)系非常密切。它所修飾的詞代表一個(gè)（些）或一類特定的人或東西。如果刪去，則剩下的部分意思就會(huì)含糊不清。如：Thisisthemanwhogavemethemoney．這就是給我錢的那個(gè)人。

上句如刪去從句whogavemethemoney，則成了Thisistheman．（這是那個(gè)人。）完全失去了整個(gè)句子的意思，因而不能刪掉

第69頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)②

非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，在意義上，它是先行詞的一個(gè)附加修飾語(yǔ)，是對(duì)先行詞的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。如果刪去它，不影響整個(gè)句子的基本意思。如：WangDong，whoisintheroom，wantstoaskyousomequestions．王東，他在房間里，想問(wèn)你幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。

上述主句是WangDongwantstoaskyousomequestions，如果刪去從句（whoisintheroom），并不影響整個(gè)句子基本意思的表達(dá)。

第70頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)③

另外，在意思上，有時(shí)限定性和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別還是較大的。如：Intheirclass，therearefifteenstudentswhocanspeakEnglishwell．在他們班上有十五位英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好的學(xué)生。（可以看出他們班學(xué)生要多于十五位）Intheirclass，therearefifteenstudents，whocanspeakEnglishwell他們班上有十五位學(xué)生,他們英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好。（可以看出他們班上共有十五名學(xué)生，他們英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)都好。）（限定性定語(yǔ)從句）(非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）第71頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)形式作用翻譯限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句插入成分修飾限定補(bǔ)充解釋能不能….的能否省略第72頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)先行詞為situation,case,point時(shí),usingwhereCanyouthinkofasituationwhereyoucanusetheword?第73頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)解題方法和技巧1.首先是確定關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作什么成分。若是作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，則在關(guān)系代詞中選擇。若是作狀語(yǔ)，則在關(guān)系副詞中選擇。2.其次是看先行詞是人還是物；是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是reason,way。第74頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Isthisthefactory____hisfathervisitedlastyear?2.Isthisthefactory____hisfatherworkedlastyear?A.whichB.thatC./D.whereE.inwhich對(duì)比訓(xùn)練ABCDE第75頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Iwillneverforgetthetime____Ispentwiththevillagers.2.Iwillneverforgetthetime____Istayedwiththevillagers.A.whichB.thatC./D.when對(duì)比訓(xùn)練ABCD第76頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Idon'tbelievethereason___hegaveforhisabsence.2.Idon'tbelievethereason___hewasabsent.A.whichB.thatC./D.whyE.forwhich對(duì)比訓(xùn)練ABCDE第77頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Itisthisshop____Iboughtallthesethings.2.Itisinthisshop____Iboughtallthesethings.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD./對(duì)比訓(xùn)練BCA第78頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Itwas1949___PRCwasfounded.2.Itwasin1949___PRCwasfounded.A.whenB.inwhichC.thatD.where對(duì)比訓(xùn)練AC第79頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.All____Idoisforyou.2._____Idoisforyou.A.thatB.whatC./D.which對(duì)比訓(xùn)練ACBwhat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ).what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.第80頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)對(duì)比訓(xùn)練1.Itissodifficultaquestion____noonecansolveit.2.Itissodifficultaquestion____noonecansolve.A.thatB.as1.____isannounced,themeetingwasputoff.2.____isannouncedthatthemeetingwasputoff.A.ItB.AsABBA第81頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)3.as和which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1).which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放于逗號(hào)后面2).as引導(dǎo)的從句可前可后，常用于asissaidabove（如上所述),asweknow,asiswellknown,asisoftenthecase（正如往常一樣),asisreported,asweexpect等結(jié)構(gòu)中，as含有“正如，正像”之意。3).as還可以用語(yǔ)下列固定句型中:so/such/as/thesame……as….第82頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)1.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,____shewantedtobe.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whichThefamousfootballstar,___triedtomakeagoal,succeeded.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoD本句中which指代先行詞alawyer（律師身份).有逗號(hào)，不用that。D第83頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)2.Theresultofthegamewasgood,____wehadn'texpected.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what3.___Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.A.WhenB.AfterC.AsD.WhichC本句中which指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容，譯為“這”。有逗號(hào)，不用that。本句中as指代后面整句話的內(nèi)容，譯為“正如...一樣”。位于句首，不用which。C第84頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)4.Ilikethesameprogramme____youlike.A.thatB.asC.whichD.whenB本句中as指代先行詞programme，因?yàn)橄刃性~被thesame修飾，故選as。as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句常與主句構(gòu)成的thesame...as;as....as;such/so....as結(jié)構(gòu)。第85頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)5.____isreported,Tomwonthefirstprize.A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.ThatB本句中as指代后面Tomwonthefirstprize的事實(shí)。譯為“正如所報(bào)道的那樣”。位于居首，不用which。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)可位于居首。第86頁(yè)/共94頁(yè)五.定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致：

試對(duì)比：Iboughtabookyesterday．Itwasveryinteresting．＝ThebookwhichIboughtyesterday______veryinteresting．

Iboughtsomebooksyesterday．Theywereveryinteresting．

＝ThebookswhichIboughtyesterday————veryinteresting．定語(yǔ)從句中如果連接詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與連接詞的數(shù)即先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。