電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版） 課件 Lesson 11 The mobile telephone system (II)

Unit4ElectronicsystemsLesson11ThemobiletelephoneSystem(II)《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Lesson11ThemobiletelephoneSystem(II)

BackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2024/5/292《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》TerminologyTDM時(shí)分復(fù)用FDM頻分復(fù)用PCM脈沖編碼調(diào)制PCS個(gè)人通信系統(tǒng)spreadspectrumcommunication

擴(kuò)頻通信Backgrounds2024/5/293《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》TexttourOutlineD-AMPS-TheDigitalAdvancedMobilePhoneSystemGSM-TheGlobalSystemforMobileCommunicationsCDMA-CodeDivisionMultipleAccess2024/5/294《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》D-AMPSisthesecondgenerationofAMPSFullydigitalInternationalStandard:IS-54andIS-136D-AMPSandAMPSshare…30kHzchannelupstreamchannelsinthe1850–1910MHzrangedownstreamchannelsinthe1930–1990MHzrange D-AMPSdiffersin…

D-AMPS

TheDigitalAdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/295《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》(a)AD-AMPSchannelwith3users.(b)AD-AMPSchannelwith6users.D-AMPS

TheDigitalAdvancedMobilePhoneSystem2024/5/296《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》GSMissimilartoD-AMPSin…cellularsystemFDMisusedtransmittingononefrequencyandreceivingonahigherfrequencyasinglefrequencypairissplitbyTDMintotimeslotssharedbymultiplemobiles.

GSM

TheGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications2024/5/297《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》GSMisdifferentfromD-AMPSin…

theGSMchannelsaremuchwider(200kHzvs.30kHz)holdrelativelyfewadditionalusers(3vs.8)GSMhasamuchhigherdatarateperuserGSM

TheGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications2024/5/298《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》GSMuses124frequencychannels,eachofwhichusesaneight-slotTDMsystem.GSM

TheGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications2024/5/299《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》AportionoftheGSMframingstructure.GSM

TheGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications2024/5/2910《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》CompletelydifferentfromD-AMPSandGSMAnanalogyFDMAis…TDMAis…CDMAis…

AnexamplePracticalconsiderationsforCDMACDMA

CodeDivisionMultipleAccess2024/5/2911《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Vocabularymodulation,approximation,conflict,comparable,random,complement,inverse,spectrum,parallel,scheme,complicateStructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2024/5/2912《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Vocabulary2024/5/2913《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ModulationindictionaryAchangeinstress,pitch,loudness,ortoneofthevoice;aninflectionofthevoice.Thevariationofapropertyofanelectromagneticwaveorsignal,suchasitsamplitude,frequency,orphase.Theprocessbywhichsomecharacteristicofonewaveisvariedinaccordancewithanotherwaveorsignal.Thistechniqueisusedinmodemstomakebusinessmachinesignalscompatiblewithcommunicationfacilities.Amethodofrepresentingdatainmagnetizablesurfacestorage;forexample,“modifiedfrequencymodulation”.2024/5/2914《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ModulationintextOnaD-AMPSmobilephone,thevoicesignalpickedupbythemicrophoneisdigitizedandcompressedusingamodelthatismoresophisticatedthanthedeltamodulationandpredictiveencodingschemes.在D-AMPS移動(dòng)電話上，語(yǔ)音信號(hào)由麥克風(fēng)拾取之后，先進(jìn)行數(shù)字化，然后使用比增量調(diào)制和預(yù)測(cè)編碼更復(fù)雜的模型進(jìn)行壓縮。

2024/5/2915《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Modulationinuse

adaptivedeltamodulation自適應(yīng)增量調(diào)制amplitudemodulation調(diào)幅anglemodulation角調(diào)制(調(diào)頻與調(diào)相)binarypulse-codemodulation二進(jìn)制脈(沖編)碼調(diào)制differentialpulsecodemodulation差值脈沖編碼調(diào)制2024/5/2916《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Modulationinuse

differentialpulsecodemodulation差分脈沖編碼調(diào)制directfrequencymodulation直接調(diào)頻displacementmodulation(脈沖)相位[位移]調(diào)制double-sidebandmodulation雙邊帶調(diào)制2024/5/2917《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Modulationinuse

incidentalphasemodulation寄生調(diào)相pulse-amplitudemodulation脈幅調(diào)制quadraturemodulation正交調(diào)制,直角相位調(diào)制vestigialsidebandmodulation殘留邊帶調(diào)制2024/5/2918《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ApproximationindictionaryTheact,process,orresultofapproximating.

接近Aninexactresultadequateforagivenpurpose.

近似值2024/5/2919《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ApproximationintextToafirst

approximation,GSMissimilartoD-AMPS.Botharecellularsystems.乍一看，GSM和D-AMPS很相似。兩者都是蜂窩系統(tǒng)。2024/5/2920《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Approximationinuse

bestpolynomialapproximation最佳多項(xiàng)式逼近c(diǎn)losestrationalapproximation最近分?jǐn)?shù),最近有理近似法differenceapproximation差分近似differentialapproximation微分逼近digitalapproximation數(shù)值逼近engineeringapproximation工程近似法exponentialapproximation指數(shù)近似2024/5/2921《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Approximationinuse

finite-differenceapproximation有限差分近似leastsquareapproximation最小二乘逼近linearapproximation線性近似,線性逼近lumpedparameterapproximation集中參數(shù)近似rationalfunctionapproximation有理函數(shù)逼近2024/5/2922《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》MultiplexindictionaryRelatingto,having,orconsistingofmultipleelementsorparts:

復(fù)合的Relatingtoorbeingasystemofsimultaneouscommunicationoftwoormoremessages

onthesamewireorradiochannel.

多路傳輸?shù)腁building,especiallyamovietheaterordwelling,withmultipleseparateunits.

復(fù)合式建筑Tosendmessagesorsignals

simultaneouslyusingamultiplexsystem.

多路傳輸Tosendsimultaneouslyusingamultiplexsystem.

多路傳輸2024/5/2923《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》MultiplexintextWithmobiletelephonythereisahugegainfromdoingdigitizationandcompressioninthehandset,somuchsothatinD-AMPS,threeuserscanshareasinglefrequencypairusingtimedivisionmultiplexing.

對(duì)于移動(dòng)電話而言，在電話機(jī)內(nèi)完成數(shù)字化并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)壓縮有很大好處——這樣一來，3個(gè)D-AMPS用戶可以通過時(shí)分復(fù)用共用一對(duì)頻率。

2024/5/2924《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Multiplexinuse

code-divisionmultiplex碼分多路通信frequencymultiplex頻率多工通信frequency-divisionmultiplex頻分多路復(fù)用spacedivisionmultiplex空分多路通信stereomultiplex立體聲多路傳輸2024/5/2925《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Multiplexinuse

Simplex

單工通信Atermappliedtoacircuitormethodofworkinginwhichdataistransmittedinonlyonepre-assigneddirection.Duplex

雙工通信(fullduplex,halfduplex)Indatacommunication,pertainingtoasimultaneoustwo-wayindependenttransmission

inbothdirections.Complex2024/5/2926《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ConflictindictionaryAstateofopen,oftenprolongedfighting;abattleorwar.

戰(zhàn)役或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)Astateofdisharmonybetweenincompatibleorantitheticalpersons,ideas,orinterests;aclash.

沖突

Apsychicstruggle,oftenunconscious,resultingfromtheoppositionorsimultaneousfunctioningofmutuallyexclusiveimpulses,desires,ortendencies.

心理掙扎Oppositionbetweencharactersorforcesinaworkofdramaorfiction,especiallyoppositionthatmotivatesorshapestheactionoftheplot.

（戲劇或小說）沖突2024/5/2927《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ConflictintextTheoretically,992channelscanbesupportedineachcell,butmanyofthemarenotavailable,toavoidfrequencyconflictswithneighboringcells.理論上講，每個(gè)蜂窩小區(qū)可以支持992個(gè)信道；但為了避免和鄰近蜂窩小區(qū)發(fā)生頻率沖突，許多信道并不能使用。

2024/5/2928《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Conflictinuse

conflictcontestcombatfightaffray Thesenounsdenotestrugglebetweenopposingforcesforvictoryorsupremacy.

Conflictappliesbothtoopenfightingbetweenhostilegroupsandtoastruggle,oftenaninnerstruggle,betweenantitheticalforcesContestcanrefereithertofriendlycompetitionortoahostilestruggletoachieveanobjective:anarcherycontest;aspellingcontest;2024/5/2929《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Conflictinuse

conflictcontestcombatfightaffrayCombatmostcommonlyimpliesanencounterbetweentwoarmedpersonsorgroups:Fightusuallyreferstoaclash,physicalorfigurative,involvingindividualadversaries:Afightwasscheduledbetweentheworldboxingchampionandthechallenger.

Affraysuggestsapublicfightorbrawl:2024/5/2930《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ComparableindictionaryAdmittingofcomparisonwithanotherorothers:

可比較的Ourhouseisnotcomparablewithyours.Afireiscomparablewiththesun;bothgivelightandheat.Similarorequivalent:

相似或相當(dāng)：AcomparablecarwouldcostfarmoreinEurope.Nohorsehasaspeedcomparabletothatofhis.2024/5/2931《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ComparableintextTDMiscomparable

tothepeoplebeinginthemiddleoftheroombuttakingturnsspeaking.FDMiscomparabletothepeoplebeinginwidelyseparatedclumps,eachclumpholdingitsownconversationatthesametimeas,butstillindependentof,theothers.CDMAiscomparabletoeverybodybeinginthemiddleoftheroomtalkingatonce,butwitheachpairinadifferentlanguage.2024/5/2932《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》RandomindictionaryHavingnospecificpattern,purpose,orobjective:

沒有明確形式、目的或內(nèi)容的：randommovements;arandomchoice.Oforrelatingtothesameorequalchancesorprobabilityofoccurrenceforeachmemberofagroup.

隨機(jī)的2024/5/2933《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》RandomintextThus,thekeytoCDMAistobeabletoextractthedesiredsignalwhilerejectingeverythingelseas

randomnoise.因此，CDMA的關(guān)鍵在于能夠提取出希望得到的信號(hào)，而把其他信號(hào)當(dāng)作隨機(jī)噪聲而加以抑制。2024/5/2934《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Randominuse

random,haphazard,chance,casualRandom強(qiáng)調(diào)某事不是按計(jì)劃發(fā)生的Theexperimentcannotbesatisfactorybecausehehastousetherandomselectionofspecimens.Haphazard表示說話或使用某物時(shí)不考慮效果Heregrertedhishaphazardremarks.Chance包含著冒險(xiǎn)性或不確定性，或者結(jié)果是不能預(yù)知的Withoutsomethingofthiskind,searchingforintelligenceonotherplanetswouldbeliketryingtomeetafriendinLondonwithoutapre-arrangedrendezvousandabsurdlywanderingthestreetsinthehopeofachanceencounter.Casual表示“隨便的”2024/5/2935《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ComplementindictionarySomethingthatcompletes,makesupawhole,orbringstoperfection.

補(bǔ)充物Thequantityornumberneededtomakeupawhole:

補(bǔ)足Eitheroftwopartsthatcompletethewholeormutuallycompleteeachother.

補(bǔ)數(shù)Ananglerelatedtoanothersothatthesumoftheirmeasuresis90.

余角2024/5/2936《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ComplementintextEachstationisassignedauniquem-bitcodecalledachipsequence.Totransmita1bit,astationsendsitschipsequence.Totransmita0bit,itsendstheone’scomplementofitschipsequence.每個(gè)（移動(dòng)）站分配到唯一的一個(gè)稱為“碼片序列”的m位碼。要傳送比特“1”，就發(fā)送這個(gè)碼片序列；要傳送比特“0”，就發(fā)送這個(gè)碼片序列的反碼。

2024/5/2937《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Complementinuse

One’scomplement二進(jìn)制反碼two’scomplement二進(jìn)制補(bǔ)碼complementofanangle余角complementofanumber余數(shù)complementofaset補(bǔ)集2024/5/2938《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Complementinuse

Complementcompliment

Complementandcompliment,thoughquitedistinctinmeaning,aresometimesconfusedbecausetheyarepronouncedthesame.

Complementmeanssomethingthatcompletesorbringstoperfection.Theantiquesilverwasacomplementtothebeautifullysettable.Complimentmeansanexpressionoractofcourtesyorpraise.Theygaveusacomplimentonourbeautifullysettable.2024/5/2939《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》InverseindictionaryReversedinorder,nature,oreffect.

相反的Oforrelatingtoaninverseoraninversefunction.

相反的

Turnedupsidedown;inverted.

顛倒的；倒置的2024/5/2940《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》InverseindictionaryThereciprocalofadesignatedquantity.

Alsocalled:multiplicativeinverse

倒數(shù)Thenegativeofadesignatedquantity.

Alsocalled:additiveinverse

相反數(shù)2024/5/2941《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》InverseintextAgoodheuristichereisforeachmobilestationtotransmittothebasestationattheinverse

ofthepowerlevelitreceivesfromthebasestation.一個(gè)很好的思路是：每個(gè)移動(dòng)站向基站發(fā)送信號(hào)的功率是接收到的基站信號(hào)功率電平的倒數(shù)。

2024/5/2942《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Inverseinuse

ReverseTransverse2024/5/2943《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》SpectrumindictionaryThedistributionofenergy

emittedbyaradiantsource,asbyanincandescentbody,arrangedinorderofwavelengths.

光譜Thedistributionofatomicorsubatomicparticlesinasystem,asinamagneticallyresolvedmolecularbeam,arrangedinorderofmasses.

能譜Agraphicorphotographicrepresentationofsuchadistribution.

譜圖2024/5/2944《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》SpectrumindictionaryArangeofvaluesofaquantityorsetofrelatedquantities.

范圍Abroadsequenceorrangeofrelatedqualities,ideas,oractivities:

系列，范圍thewholespectrumof20th-centurythought.thewholespectrumofindustry2024/5/2945《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》SpectrumintextIncreasingtheamountofinformationtobesentfrombbits/sectombchips/seccanonlybedoneifthebandwidthavailableisincreasedbyafactorofm,makingCDMAaformofspreadspectrumcommunication(assumingnochangesinthemodulationorencodingtechniques).只要可用帶寬提高至原來的m倍，就可以將發(fā)送信息量從b位/秒提高到mb碼片/秒；這使得CDMA是一種擴(kuò)頻通信的形式（假定調(diào)制和編碼技術(shù)沒有發(fā)生變化的話）。

2024/5/2946《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》Spectruminuseabsorptionspectrum吸收光譜,吸收頻譜electromagneticspectrum電磁波頻譜energydensityspectrum能量密度譜frequencyspectrum頻譜infraredspectrum紅外線譜phasespectrum相位譜powerspectrum能譜,功率譜powerdensityspectrum功率密度譜uppersidebandspectrum上邊帶譜2024/5/2947《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ParallelindictionaryBeinganequaldistanceaparteverywhere平行的Havingcomparableparts,analogousaspects,orreadilyrecognizedsimilarities相似的，相同的，對(duì)等的theparallellivesoftwocontemporaries.Havingthesametendencyordirection

具有相同傾向的parallelmotivesandaims.Denotingacircuitorpartofacircuitconnectedinparallel.并聯(lián)的Oforrelatingtothesimultaneoustransmissionofallthebitsofabyteoverseparatewires同時(shí)輸送的Oforrelatingtothesimultaneousperformanceofmultipleoperations并行的parallelprocessing.2024/5/2948《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ParallelindictionaryOneofasetofparallelgeometricfigures,suchaslinesorplanes.平行線，平行面Onethatcloselyresemblesorisanalogoustoanother相似物Acomparisonindicatinglikeness;ananalogy.類比Theconditionofbeingparallel;nearsimilarityorexactagreementinparticulars;parallelism.類似Anyoftheimaginarylinesrepresentingdegreesoflatitudethatencircletheearthparalleltotheplaneoftheequator.緯線Anarrangementofcomponentsinacircuitthatsplitsthecurrentintotwoormorepaths.Usedchieflyinthephraseinparallel.

并聯(lián)2024/5/2949《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》ParallelintextInprinciple,givenenoughcomputingcapacity,thereceivercanlistentoallthesendersatoncebyrunningthedecodingalgorithmforeachoftheminparallel.從理論上講，假如具備足夠的計(jì)算能力，通過并行運(yùn)行解碼算法，接收機(jī)就能同時(shí)聽到每一個(gè)發(fā)送方。

2024/5/2950《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教程（第5版）》SchemeindictionaryAsystematicplanofaction.

系統(tǒng)性計(jì)劃Asecretordeviousplan;aplot.

陰謀；計(jì)劃Animpracticalorunrealisticplan:

不切實(shí)際的計(jì)劃Anorde