英語（江蘇浙江特供卷）-2024年高考英語考前押題密卷（全解全析）

第第頁2024年高考考前押題密卷英語·全解全析（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項:1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．WhatisJanegoingtodothisevening?A．Workintheoffice. B．FlytoNewYork. C．HavedinnerwithKevin.【答案】B【原文】M:Jane,whyareyouhereintheoffice?IthoughtyouwereleavingforNewYorktoday.W:Yes,butmyflightisnotuntilthisevening.M:Isee.ThenIcangiveyouaridetotheairportafterwork.W:Thankyou,Kevin.That’sveryniceofyou.2．Whatkindofmoviesdoesthewomanlikebest?A．Musicals. B．Actionmovies. C．Documentaries.【答案】C【原文】W:Whattypeofmoviesdoyoulike?M:Ilikeallsortsofmovies,primarilysciencefictionandactionmovies.Whataboutyou?W:Akindoflikemusicals,butmyfavoriteisdocumentaries.3．Howmuchdoesthekeyboardcostnow?A．$40. B．$50. C．$20.【答案】A【原文】W:Pardonme,whatisthepriceofthiskeyboard?Isitonsale?M:Itisusuallyfiftydollars,butitis20%offuntilthefifteenthofthismonth.4．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Keepthewindowclosed.B．Gooutforfreshair.C．Turnonthefan.【答案】A【原文】M:Weneedtohavesomefreshair.Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?W:Asamatteroffact,I’mfeelingabitcold.5．WhereisMichaelnowprobably?A．Inthegarage. B．Inthegarden. C．Inthebedroom.【答案】C【原文】M:WhereisMichael,mum?Heshouldputhisbikeinthegaragebutit’sleftinthegarden.W:Hehasgonetobedbecauseheisnotfeelingverywell.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話或獨白后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。【聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Wheredoesthewomanlive?A．InApartment205. B．InApartment305. C．InApartment503.7．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Herfridgedoesn’tworkagain.B．Herairconditionerisoutoforder.C．Shedoesn’tknowhowtocook.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】M:Hello.W:Hello.misterWarner.ThisisLucyLocke.M:AhmissLocke.inapartment205?W:No.inapartment305.M:Ohyes,whatcanIdoforyou?Doesyourfridgeneedfixingagain?W:No,it’stheairconditionerthistime.M:Ohsowhat’swrongwithit?W:WellIthinkthetemperaturecontrolneedstobechecked.Itdoesn’tcooldownatall.M:Really?okay,I’llgotolookatitrightaway.W:Thanksalot,Mr.Warner.【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。】8．Wherearethespeakers?A．InJanice’sapartment. B．Inamovietheater. C．Inabookstore.9．WhatdoweknowaboutJanice?A．Sheishopefulaboutherfuture.B．Shehasn’tfinishedhernovel.C．Shehasbeenrejectedbytenpublishers.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:HeyJanice,Ihaven’tseenyouforagessinceyoumovedoutoftheapartment.Fancymeetingyouhereinthecinema.How’severythinggoing?W:Notbad.IthinkIhavealmostachievedmydream.M:Whatdoyoumeanbyalmost?W:I’vefinishedmynovelandI’vesubmittedittotenpublishers.Ibelievegoodluckwillcomeuponmesoon.M:That’sgreattohear.I’llkeepmyfingerscrossedforyou.【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．WhereisLisa?A．Liverpool. B．London. C．Paris.11．WhatkindofpeopledoesLondonWeekneed?A．Reporters. B．Salesrepresentatives. C．Advertisers.12．HowmuchdidLisaearnmonthlyinherlastjob?A．3,500pounds. B．3,000pounds. C．2,500pounds.【答案】10．A11．B12．C【原文】M:Hey,IthinkIfoundajobthatmightinterestLisa.Whereisshe?W:ShewenttoLiverpoolvisitingfriends,Ithink.Whatisit?M:Well,it’sfromLondonWeek,whichclaimstobetheonlynewspaperforvisitorstoLondon.W:Whatdotheywant?Areporter?M:No,it’swhattheycallasalesrepresentative.W:Hmm.Couldbeinteresting.Howmuchdoesitpay?M:Notbad.Threethousandpoundsamonth.That’sfivehundredpoundsmorethanwhatshemadeinherlastjob.W:Notbadatall.Anyrequirement?M:Salespeoplewithnolessthantwoyearsofexperience,notnecessarilyinadvertising.Lisa’sgotplentyofthat.W:Anyotherdetailsaboutthejob?M:No,justthepaidtripstoParisontopofthesalary.W:Well,let’stellLisa.She’llbebacktomorrowIexpect.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?3．What’swrongwiththeman?A．Hehasaheartache. B．Hehasarunningnose. C．Hehasachestpain.14．Whendidthesymptomsbegin?A．Thismorning. B．Threedaysago. C．Lastweek.15．Whatdoesthewomanarrangefortheman?A．Anonlineconsultation. B．Amedicaltest. C．Anurgentoperation.16．Whatdidthemanplantodotonight?A．Haveabigmeal. B．Orderaticket. C．Bookarestaurant.【答案】13．C14．B15．B16．A【原文】W:Michael!WhatcanIdoforyoutoday?M:Well.Ms.Green,IfeellikeI’mdying!Idon’tknowifI’mjusttiredorwhat,butI’mnotmyself!I’vehadrandomchestpains.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?Doyouhavearunningnose?M:No,Ithinkit’ssomethingelse.Ihavefeltsickforthepastthreedays.W:Well,itcouldbeheartburn.Dofattyfoodsordrinkslikecoffeesetitoff?M:No,Idon’tknow.Butthesechestpainshavemeworried!Doyouthinkitcouldbecancer?W:Ithinkweneedtodosomescansandbloodworktonarrowthisdown.I’llbookyouforanappointmenttomorrow.Anddon’teatanythingbeforetomorrow’stest.M:ButI’mgoingoutforabuffettonight!Ialreadyboughttheticketslastweek.I’vebeenlookingforwardtoitforalongtime.W:No,notanymore.Doctor’sorders!【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題?！?7．WhatdoweknowaboutVikings’beliefsaboutteeth?A．Theyvaluetheteethalot.B．Theythinkteetharegoodweapons.C．Theythinkteethshouldn’tbeburied.18．WhydoesthespeakermentionoldEuropeantraditions?A．ToshowtheconnectionbetweenVikingsandtoothcare.B．Toshowtheconnectionbetweenteethandgoodluck.C．Toshowtheconnectionbetweenteethandanimals.19．HowmanyanimalsdoesthespeakermentionrelatedtotheToothFairytale?A．Three. B．Four. C．Five.20．HowcantheToothFairytalehelpchildrenaccordingtothespeaker?A．Itcanentertainthem.B．Ithelpsthemtaketoothcareseriously.C．Itmakeschildrenlovethestory.【答案】17．A18．B19．C20．B【原文】AStudydoneintheUnitedStatesfoundthattheaveragechildreceives$3.70pertooth.oftenthestorygoessomethinglikethis:childrenputtheirlostteethunderapillowandreceivemoneyinexchange.TodaywewilldiscusssomedifferentaspectsoftheToothFairy.InearlyEuropeantraditionsachild’slosttoothwasburied.Familiesbelievedthatthiscouldsavetheirchildfromahardlifeintheirnextlife.Vikingsusedtotaketheirchildren’slostteethinbattleforgoodluckandsomepeopleburiedtheirteethoutoffearofwitches.Theseweresomeearlierideasthatconnectedteethwithgoodluck.ThecurrenttaleofaToothFairyusuallyinvolvesananimal.Therearemanydifferentversionsdependingoncultureandtime.Themostcommonthemeisassociatedwithamouseorarabbit,butothersincludecats,dogs,andevensquirrels.Thereasonsforthedifferentanimalsvary.Forexample,amousehasbeenconnectedtotheToothFairytalebecauseitsteethcontinuetogrowfortheentirelife.RegardlessofthebackgroundoftheToothFairy,itprovidesgreateducationforchildrentotakecareoftheirteeth.Italsohelpspeoplepayattentiontotoothcareinapositiveandfunway.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEveryyear,young,talented,andambitiousnatureconservationistsfromallovertheworldparticipateinthepresentationoftheFutureForNature(FFN)Award,anhonorableinternationalaward.TheFutureForNatureaimsto:?Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildlife.?Encouragewinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.·?Helpwinnerstoraisetheirprofiles,extendtheirprofessionalnetworkandstrengthentheirfundingbasis.Benefits?Thewinnerseachreceive50,000eurosandmaymaketheirowndecisiontospendthemoneyintheserviceofnatureconservation.?FFNoffersthewinnersaplatformandbringstheirstoriestotheattentionofconservationists,financiersandawideaudience,allowingthemtoincreasetheirimpactandgainmoreaccesstofunds.?FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.QualificationsThecandidate(候選人):?Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe28thofAugust2005.?Isabletoexplainhis/herconservationworkinfluentEnglish(writtenandspoken)?Hasachievedsubstantialandlong-termbenefitstotheconservationstatusofoneormoreanimalorplantspecies.?Mustbedeterminedtocontinuehis/herconservationwork,astheAwardaimstostimulatethewinner’sfuturework.Itisnotan“endofcareer”prize.AdditionalRemarksForthe2024FutureForFutureAwards,weareagainsearchingfornaturalleaders,whohaveproventhattheycanmakeadifferenceinspecies’survival.Fromallapplications,6to10nominees(被提名者)willbeselected.Theseapplicantswillbeaskedtoprovideadditionalinformation,whichwillbeusedtoselectthefinalAwardees.Ultimately,threeinspiringwildlifeheroesareselectedasthewinners.ApplicationProcess:ApplyonlinethroughtheApplyNowlink.ApplicationDeadline:28thAugust,202321．WhichisoneoftheaimsoftheFutureForNature?A．Toaidmoregreengroups B．Tofundacademiceducation.C．Toinspireconservationefforts. D．Toraiseenvironmentalawareness.22．Thewinnerswillgetthechanceto_______.A．consulttopspecialists B．meetthosewhoareofthesameambitionC．benefitthelocalcommunity D．promoteself-createdplatforms23．Toapplyforthe2024FutureForNatureAwards,candidatesmust________.A．meettheagerequirement B．a(chǎn)pplyviamailbythedeadlineC．turnintheapplicationinEnglish D．provideadditionalpersonalinformation【答案】21．C22．B23．A【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了“自然未來獎(FFN)”的目的，益處，資格和申請候選人等相關(guān)信息。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheFutureForNatureaimsto部分“?Rewardandfundindividualsfortheiroutstandingeffortsintheprotectionofspeciesofwildlife.(?獎勵和資助在保護野生動物物種方面做出杰出努力的個人)”和“?Encouragewinnerstosustaintheirdedicatedwork.(?鼓勵獲獎者堅持他們的敬業(yè)精神)”可知，F(xiàn)FN的目標之一是激勵保護工作。故選C。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Benefits部分“?FFNisbuildingagrowingfamilyofwinners,dedicatedpeoplewhoformacommunityofpeoplewiththesameinterest.FFNoffersthemtheopportunitytomeeteachotherandcontinuetolearnwitheachotherinordertocontinuetheirfightfornatureasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible.(?FFN正在建立一個不斷壯大的贏家家庭，他們是有奉獻精神的人，組成了一個有著相同興趣的人的社區(qū)。FFN為他們提供了見面和繼續(xù)相互學習的機會，以便盡可能高效地繼續(xù)為自然而戰(zhàn))”可知，獲勝者將有機會認識志同道合的人。故選B。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Qualifications部分“Thecandidate:?Mustbebornonorafterthe31stMay1988andbeforethe28thofAugust2005.(候選人:?必須出生于1988年5月31日或之后至2005年8月28日之前)”可知，要申請2024年自然未來獎，候選人必須符合年齡要求。故選A。BIknewitwasgoingtobeabadfireworksseasonthisyearwhenIsawsomanydifferenttentssellingthemtothepublic.Iwasright.Thebangsandbooms(噼啪聲)startedbeforethefirstofJanuaryandlastedwaypastthefourth.IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.ItwasthenthatalocalfairsetoffahugeshownearourhouseandIsawhowthenoiseterrifiedourdogs.Isatonthefloorwiththemduringthewholeshow,holdingtheirshakingbodies.Iknowalotofpeopleenjoythecolorfullightshowsthefireworkscanputonattimes.Theycanbebrightandbeautiful.Still,IfindthatIpreferthegentlerlightsofsummertothesenoisyones.Iloveseeingthemoonrisingabovethehillsintheevening.Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.Theshinningstarsalsoalwayslooksoheavenlyandwonderfulwhenyoutakethetimetolookupintotheskiesandwatchthemshine.Ialsolovethebeautiful,blinking(眨眼的)lightsofthefirefliesthistimeoftheyear.Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.Oursocietyseemstopraiseandadmirethosewhocomeoffasboomingandbrash(自以為是的).24．Whydoestheauthormentionhischildhood’sexperience?A．Toshareanoldstory.B．Toexplainhistirednessoffireworks.C．Tostressajoyfulatmospherewithfireworks.D．Toremindusofthedangeroffireworks.25．Whydoestheauthorpreferlightslikethemoonlight?A．Becausetheyarebright,andbeautiful.B．Becausetheygivehimpleasantfeelings.C．Becausetheydon’tscarehisdogsanymore.D．Becausetheykeephimfreefrombeingmonitored.26．Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenseeingthefireflies?A．Grateful. B．Joyful. C．Determined. D．Beloved.27．Whatwouldtheauthorwriteaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Whygentlerlightsarebetterthannoisyones.B．Whatgentlerlightswillreallybringtoourlife.C．Howwecanmaketheworldagentlerplace.D．Whenwecanstopgreatnoisessuchasfireworks.【答案】24．B25．B26．B27．C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者首先講述了童年時對煙花的厭惡，然后描述了他對柔光的喜愛，并倡導建設一個更加柔和的社會。24．推理判斷題。從第一段中的“IhaveneverbeenabigfanoffireworkssinceIwasaboy.(我從小就不太喜歡看煙花)”可知，作者不喜歡煙花，作者講述童年的經(jīng)歷是為了解釋他不喜歡煙花的原因，故選B項。25．細節(jié)理解題。從第二段最后一句“Itsgentle,smilingfacealwaysremindsmethatsomeonelovesmeandiswatchingovermefromabove.(它溫柔的笑臉總是讓我想起有人愛著我，從上面看著我)”可知，作者喜歡像月光一樣溫柔的光，是因為這能給他被愛、被關(guān)注的美妙感覺，故選B項。26．推理判斷題。從第三段第三句“Seeingtheirlovely,littlelightsastheyflyaroundalwaysfillsmyheartwithlightanddelightaswell.Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(當它們飛來飛去時，看到他們可愛的小燈光，總是讓我的心充滿光明和喜悅。它溫暖了我的靈魂，提醒我，我們生活在一個多么完美的世界)”可知，作者看到螢火蟲時心情是愉快的，故選B項。27．推理判斷題。從文章最后一段第一句“Ithinkweallmightdobettertogrowthegentlerlightswithinourselves.(我想我們都可以做得更好，在我們自己的內(nèi)心種下更溫和的光)”，并結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Itwarmsmysoulandremindsmeofwhataperfectworldwelivein.(它溫暖了我的靈魂，提醒我，我們生活在一個多么完美的世界)”可知，作者接下來要介紹如何建設一個更柔和的社會，故選C項。CMorethan80percentofglobalheatisabsorbedbytheocean,whichhasamassivecapacitytostoreandgiveoffheat.Highsea-surfacetemperaturesarecausinglong-termdamagetocoralreefs(珊瑚礁).Coralsaredying.TheIPCC(政府間氣候變化專門委員會)projectsthatupto90percentofcoralreefscoulddisappearifglobalwarmingreaches1.5℃.Anotherreasoncoralsareintroubleisbecauseofoceanacidification.Highercarbondioxidelevelshaveshiftedthechemistryoftheocean,makingitmoreacidic,andcoralsandseacreatureshavetroublegrowinginacidicconditions.Whenoceanwaterwarms,itexpandsinvolume.Thisisamajorcauseoftheriseinsealevels,alongwiththewateraddedtotheoceanbythemeltingofland-basedglaciers(冰川).Thesealevelhasrisenbyanaverageof20centimeterssincethelate19thcentury,andtheresearchbyscientistsstudyingthelast25yearsofsatellitedatafoundthattheoceanwaterisrisingfasterandfaster.Ifitcontinuesatitscurrentrate,theriseinsealevelby2100willbemorethandoublethecurrentestimates.Sealevelriseleadstothedestructionofcoastalwetlands,floodinganddamagetowaterecosystems.Temperatureandprecipitation(沉淀)arekeyelementsofclimate.Awarmerclimatemeansthatmorewaterrisesfromboththelandandocean,andawarmeratmosphereholdsmoreofthatwater.Scientistshavenoticedthattherearemoreheavyrainfallevents.Additionally,higherwatertemperatureinstreams,lakes,andriversleadtolowerlevelsofdissolvedoxygeninthewater,whichimpactsthesurvivalandpopulationsoffishandothersealife.Especiallytroublingaretheextremeweathereventsthatarehappeningmoreoftenaroundtheworld.Hurricanesarerampingupinintensity,particularlyinNorthAtlantic.Theyear2017wasabusyoneforAtlantichurricanes.Meanwhile,inthewesternUnitedStates,thestateofCaliforniahashadrecord-settingdroughtconditions,whichbeganin2012.28．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph1?A．Globalwarminghaslittledamagetotheland. B．Oceanacidificationaffectstheseatemperature.C．Coralreefsareindangerofdisappearing. D．Coralsandseacreaturesneedcriticalsurroundings.29．WhatcanbeknownfromParagraph2?A．Sealevelrisehaspositiveeffectonseaanimals.B．By2100thesealevelwillrise20centimeters.C．Globalheatingisthedirectcauseofwetlandsdestruction.D．Theriseofsealevelisbeyondourimagination.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rampingup”inlastparagraphmean?A．Increasing. B．Failing. C．Appearing. D．Changing.31．Whichisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．HighSea-surfaceTemperaturestoCreatures B．GlobalWarming,WhatDamagesItCausesC．WaystoStopHighSea-surfaceTemperatures D．ExtremeWeatherEventsandGlobalWarming【答案】28．C29．D30．A31．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球變暖對海洋環(huán)境的危害以及對全球氣候的影響。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheIPCC(政府間氣候變化專門委員會)projectsthatupto90percentofcoralreefscoulddisappearifglobalwarmingreaches1.5℃.Anotherreasoncoralsareintroubleisbecauseofoceanacidification.Highercarbondioxidelevelshaveshiftedthechemistryoftheocean,makingitmoreacidic,andcoralsandseacreatureshavetroublegrowinginacidicconditions.(政府間氣候變化專門委員會預測，如果全球變暖達到1.5℃，高達90%的珊瑚礁可能會消失。珊瑚陷入困境的另一個原因是海洋酸化。更高的二氧化碳水平改變了海洋的化學成分，使其更具酸性，珊瑚和海洋生物在酸性條件下難以生長)”可知，珊瑚礁處于消失的危險中。故選C。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesealevelhasrisenbyanaverageof20centimeterssincethelate19thcentury,andtheresearchbyscientistsstudyingthelast25yearsofsatellitedatafoundthattheoceanwaterisrisingfasterandfaster.Ifitcontinuesatitscurrentrate,theriseinsealevelby2100willbemorethandoublethecurrentestimates.(自19世紀末以來，海平面平均上升了20厘米，科學家對過去25年的衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)進行研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，海水上升的速度越來越快。如果以目前的速度繼續(xù)下去，到2100年海平面的上升幅度將是目前估計的兩倍多)”可知，海平面上升的速度超乎人們的想象。故選D。30．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Especiallytroublingaretheextremeweathereventsthatarehappeningmoreoftenaroundtheworld.(尤其令人不安的是世界各地越來越頻繁發(fā)生的極端天氣事件)”以及后文“Theyear2017wasabusyoneforAtlantichurricanes.(2017年是大西洋颶風頻發(fā)的一年)”可知，颶風的強度在增加。故劃線詞意思是“增加”。故選A。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Morethan80percentofglobalheatisabsorbedbytheocean,whichhasamassivecapacitytostoreandgiveoffheat.Highsea-surfacetemperaturesarecausinglong-termdamagetocoralreefs(珊瑚礁).(全球80%以上的熱量被海洋吸收，海洋具有巨大的儲存和釋放熱量的能力。高海面溫度正在對珊瑚礁造成長期損害)”以及第二段“Whenoceanwaterwarms,itexpandsinvolume.Thisisamajorcauseoftheriseinsealevels,alongwiththewateraddedtotheoceanbythemeltingofland-basedglaciers(冰川).(當海水變暖時，它的體積會膨脹。這是海平面上升的一個主要原因，同時也是陸地冰川融化向海洋中增加的水的主要原因)”結(jié)合文章介紹了全球變暖對海洋環(huán)境的危害以及對全球氣候的影響。故B項“全球變暖，它造成了什么損害”最能概括全文，適合作文章標題。故選B。DAbouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.KyleChayka,awriterforTheNewYorker,discussesthistopicinhisbook,Filterworld.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronologicalfeed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe’reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon’tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener’sattention.Despitethestrongpresenceofthesealgorithms,Chaykabelievesthatregulationcouldreducetheirinfluence.HesuggeststhatifMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,wererequiredtoseparateitsvariousservices,likeInstagramorWhatsApp,andmakethemcompetewitheachother,itcouldgiveusersmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirdigitalconsumption.Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocial.mediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka’sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.32．Accordingtothetext,howhavesocialmediaplatformschangedinthepasttenyears?A．Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder.B．Theyprioritizepostsfromfriendsandfamily.C．Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers’needs.D．Theyprovidemorecontenttomeetdifferentneeds.33．WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A．Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers.B．Theyshapeusers’preferencesandbehaviors.C．Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators.D．Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.34．Howdoalgorithmsinfluencemusicians’workondigitalplatforms?A．Byencouragingmusicianstocreatelongersongs.B．Bydiscouragingmusiciansfromusingcatchyhooks.C．Bygivingmusiciansmorecontrolandchoiceovertheirmusic.D．Byrequiringmusicianstocreatetheirworktofittheplatforms.35．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Techcompaniesshouldhavemoredepartments.B．Socialmediaalgorithmsgivecontentcreatorslessopportunities.C．Socialmediaalgorithmsflattenourculturebymakingdecisionsforus.D．Networkplatformshaveincreasedthecommonrecommendationsfor10years.【答案】32．C33．B34．D35．C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如今社交媒體運用算法會根據(jù)用戶的喜好進行相應的推送。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Abouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithmstomatchusers’interests,whetherit’splants,sports,cats,orpolitics.”（大約十年前，登錄Facebook、Twitter或Instagram，看到的大多是朋友和家人發(fā)布的帖子，順序是先后的。如今，這些平臺呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容是多種多樣的，通過算法進行定制，以匹配用戶的興趣，無論是植物、體育、貓還是政治）可知，社交媒體平臺在過去的十年里會根據(jù)用戶的需求進行調(diào)整。故選C項。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.”（這種源源不斷的推薦減少了我們接觸多樣化或具有挑戰(zhàn)性的內(nèi)容，微妙地塑造了我們的偏好和行為）可知，KyleChayka認為算法推薦塑造了用戶的偏好和行為。故選B項。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.”（此外，Chayka還指出，算法還會迫使音樂家和藝術(shù)家等內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者調(diào)整自己的作品，以適應這些數(shù)字平臺）可知，算法要求音樂家創(chuàng)作適合平臺的作品。故選D項。35．推理判斷題。通讀全文且根據(jù)第三段“Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.”（這種源源不斷的推薦減少了我們接觸多樣化或具有挑戰(zhàn)性的內(nèi)容，微妙地塑造了我們的偏好和行為）可知，文章主要介紹了社交媒體運用算法會根據(jù)用戶的喜好進行相應的推送，但推送的內(nèi)容因為缺乏挑戰(zhàn)和多樣性，進而使我們的文化更加扁平化。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Askanyonehowthey’refeelingthesedaysandchancesarethatthey’llreplywithsomeversionof“exhausted”.We’retiredofoperatingamiduncertainty.We’retiredofbalancingchildcarewithwork.36Theydirectourfocustothemostreadilyavailableinformationtohelpusmakedecisionsquicklywithoutproperlyconsideringallthevariables.Theresultisthatwearewiredtomovetowardthingsthatmakeusfeelgoodandawayfromthingsthatmakeusfeeluncomfortable.37Theydefault(默認)towhatfeels“normal”.Thosenetworksaresodeepinourthinkingthatwhenwe’retravelinganewandchallengingpath,ourwheelsdefaultbacktotheworn-ingrooves(凹槽).So,howdowedohardthingswhenourbrainsareconstantlytellingustoavoideffort?38A2016studyfoundthatwhenpeopleareupset,they’relesslikelytotrytodohardthings.Whenthey’refeelingupbeat,however,they’remorelikelytotakeonthehard-but-essentialtasksthatultimatelymakelifebetter.Onewaywecangetourselvesintherightmindsetistodowhat’scalled“reappraisal”,inwhichwecreateashiftinourbrainsofhowweperceiveatask.Moreover,wemustgiveourbrainstherightamountofautonomy.Whenwehaveachoice,ourbrainsoftenwanttoprogrammesomethingeasy.39Putitintoaworkcontext:DoIwanttoexperimentwithanewprojectmanagementtoolthatmightmakethingseasierformyteamnextweek,ordoIwanttostickwiththesamesheetthataformeremployeeestablishedthatnoneofusfeelgreataboutanyway?40Butbyunderstandingwhat’sgoingoninyourbrain,youcanworktowardaccomplishinghardthingsandmanageyourfearsbetter.A．Tacklethemwhenwe’reinagoodmood.B．Doingthingslikehardworkcanseemabnormal.C．Ourbrainslabeleffortasbadbecauseit’shardwork.D．Weshouldbecreativeandopen-mindedwhendoingtasks.E．Thisiscalledmindsetfault,thetendencytodorightthings.F．Whenwefeellikethis,ourbrainswanttosavementalenergy.G．Butwecanreducetheresponsebychallengingourselvestobeinnovative.【答案】36．F37．C38．A39．G40．B【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文從科學的角度分析了為什么人們有畏難情緒，并且給出了相應的解決措施。36．根據(jù)上文“Askanyonehowthey’refeelingthesedaysandchancesarethatthey’llreplywithsomeversionof“exhausted”.We’retiredofoperatingamiduncertainty.We’retiredofbalancingchildcarewithwork.(問任何人最近感覺如何，他們很可能會回答某種形式的“筋疲力盡”。我們厭倦了在不確定的情況下運作。我們厭倦了平衡照顧孩子和工作)”以及后文“Theydirectourfocustothemostreadilyavailableinformationtohelpusmakedecisionsquicklywithoutproperlyconsideringallthevariables.(它們將我們的注意力引導到最容易獲得的信息上，以幫助我們快速做出決定，而無需適當?shù)乜紤]所有變量)”可知，上文提到大腦有厭倦感，可推知本句承接上文，解釋為什么會有這種感覺。故F選項“當我們有這種感覺時，我們的大腦想要保存精神能量”符合語境，故選F。37．根據(jù)后文“Theydefault(默認)towhatfeels“normal”.Thosenetworksaresodeepinourthinkingthatwhenwe’retravelinganewandchallengingpath,ourwheelsdefaultbacktotheworn-ingrooves(凹槽).So,howdowedohardthingswhenourbrainsareconstantlytellingustoavoideffort?(他們默認感覺“正?！?。這些網(wǎng)絡在我們的思維中如此之深，以至于當我們走在一條新的、充滿挑戰(zhàn)的道路上時，我們的車輪默認回到了磨損的凹槽。那么，當我們的大腦不斷告訴我們要避免努力時，我們?nèi)绾稳プ隼щy的事情呢？)”可知，后文提到大腦會告知我們避免努力，本句說明原因。故C選項“我們的大腦認為努力是不好的，因為它是辛苦的工作”符合語境，故選C。38．根據(jù)后文“A2016studyfoundthatwhenpeopleareupset,they’relesslikelytotryto