山東省鄄城縣2023-2024學(xué)年高二年級上冊1月月考英語試卷(含答案)

山東省拜城縣第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月月考英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

Today'smoderntravelersarejourneyingfurthertoexploreEuropeoffthebeatentrack,

andbringinghomenewskillsandexperience.Hereare4ideasforanunusualholidayin

Europe.

VolunteerinTransylvania

TransylvaniaisatopchoiceforanunusualEuropeancitybreak,withwonderfully

preservedmedieval（中世紀(jì)的）townsandcastlesthatinspiredthefamousnovelDracula.In

addition,youcantakeyourunusualholidayexperienceevenfurtherbyvolunteeringin

EasternEurope'slargestbearreserveandworkingwithbears.

TeachskiinginAustria

AustriaisoneofEurope'stopskiingdestinations.Ifyou'relookingforamoreunusual

waytospendwinterholiday,whynotconsidertrainingtobeaskiinstructorthere?You'll

gainaqualificationthatisrecognizedworldwide,andthisprogramincludesaguaranteed

paidinstructorjobataskiresortonceyouhavefinishedyourtraining.

GodivinginSpain

ForaEuropeanholidaywithadifference,takepartinaplasticcleanupprojectbasedin

Barcelona,helptoemptyplasticwasteintheMediterraneanSeaandmakeadifferenceas

youtravel.Thisvolunteerprojectcombinesdivingwithcollectingplasticorotherwastefrom

thewater,alongsidegivingyouthechancetoexplorethecity.

ExploreTuscanyonhorseback

Tuscany,oneofthebestplacesinEuropetoexploreonhorseback,haswitnessedasharp

increaseintravelers.Therearevariousactivitiesthatcombinesightseeingwithbasichorse

ridinglessonsandyoucanstayinRenaissancevillas（文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格的另U墅）andfarmhouses.

Youdon'tneedtohaveanyexperienceforhorseridingholidays,andtheyareabrilliant

alternativetoyourtypicalguidedtour.

1.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestdoinginTransylvania?

A.Visitingitsmodernbuildings.B.Findingajobinthecastle.

C.ReadingthenovelDracula.D.Helpingtocareforbears.

2.Wherecanyouearnmoneywhiletraveling?

A.Transylvania.B.Tuscany.C.Austria.D.Spain.

3.WhatdoweknowabouthorseridingholidaysinTuscany?

A.Theysuitexperiencedriders.B.TheyareuniquetoTuscany.

C.Theyaregrowinginpopularity.D.Theyfeatureatypicalguidedtour.

LocalauthoritiesandfirefightersintheUnitedStatesarealwaysonthelookoutfornew

andcreativemethodstohelpcontrolwildfires.Especiallyduringthehotanddrysummer

months,thousandsofwildfirescausedamagetoforestseveryyear.ThecityofWest

SacramentoinNorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththis

phenomenon:goats.

Thesefriendlyanimalshavebeenassistingthecitywithwildfirepreventionandfirerisks

byeatingweeds,drygrassanddeadtrees.Whenthegoatseatthethingsthatarelikelyto

catchfire,theypreventtheproblemfromhappening.

Wildfiresoccurnaturallywhendryplantsareignited（點燃）bythesun'sheatandcatchon

fire.However,mostwildfiresarecausedbyhumancarelessness,includingunattended

campfires,cigarettesandotherflammableobjects.Thebeststrategytobattlethefiresand

minimizethedamageistoattempttoremovethefuelthatenablesthespreadoftheflames,in

thiscasethedryweeds,treesandplants.Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfireare

gone,thefireislesslikelytospread.

Theloveablegoatsareabletoreachdifficultareasthatpeoplearenotabletoaccess.

About400ofthesegoatscancleartwoacresperday.Theyevenfertilize（使月巴沃）thearea,a

naturalandfreesideeffectofeatingallthosedryplants.Firefightersandgovernment

officialscannotbehappierwiththeresults.

“Forus,thecombinationofturningtogoatsforhelpwiththequickfireresponseisan

effectivemethodofkeepingourneighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,“saidassistantFire

ChiefKhariHelae.^^Withclimatechangeandthefactthatourvegetationisbeingaffected

becauseofclimatechange,it'snecessarytofocusonourfuelreductionprogram.

4.Howdogoatsassistthecityindealingwithwildfires?

A.Byidentifyingthefuelinforests.B.Byconsumingdryplants.

C.Byleadingfirefighterstofiresources.D.Byeatingupgreentreeleaves.

5.Whatcanwesayaboutthenewmethod?

A.Itiscomplexbutrewarding.B.Itcausesdamagetolocalland.

C.Itiswellacceptedworldwide.D.Itisenvironmentally-friendly.

6.WhatcanbelearnedfromKhariHelae'swords?

A.Hespokehighlyofthenewmethod.

B.Hewasdissatisfiedwithfireresponses.

C.Hewasoptimisticaboutclimatechange.

D.Heconsideredfuelreductionimpractical.

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GoatsHelpKeepWildfiresUnderControl

B.FirefightersAreBeingGraduallyReplaced

C.DisastrousWildfiresNeedtoBeControlled

D.AnimalsAreFightingAgainstClimateChange

Whenyoustartworkingonsomethingbutdon'tfinishit,thoughtsoftheunfinishedwork

continuetojumpintoyourmindevenwhenyou'vemovedontootherthings.Psychologists

refertothispsychologicalphenomenonastheZeigamikeffect.Theeffectwasfirstobserved

byaRussianpsychologistnamedBlumaZeigarnik.Whilesittinginabusyrestaurantin

Vienna,shenotedthewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,

however,thewaitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.

Inoneofherstudies,participantswereaskedtocompletesimpletaskssuchasputting

togetherpuzzles,orsolvingmathproblems.Halfoftheparticipantswereinterruptedhalfway

throughthesetasks.Afteranhour-longdelay,Zeigarnikaskedtheparticipantstogivean

accountofwhatthey9dbeenworkingon.Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheirwork

interruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewhohad

actuallycompletedthetasks.

Wecanusethiseffecttoouradvantage.Forexample,ifyou9restrugglingtomemorize

somethingimportant,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Rather

thansimplyremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthen

takeabreak.Whileyou'refocusingonotherthings,you'llfindyourselfmentallyreturningto

theinformationyouwerestudying.

Weoftenputofftasksuntilthelastmoment,onlycompletingtheminarushatthelast

possiblemoment.Unfortunately,thistendencycanleadtoheavystressandevenpoor

performance.OnewaytoovercomethisistoputtheZeigarnikeffecttowork.Startbytaking

thefirststep,nomatterhowsmall.Onceyou'vebegun,butnotfinishedyourwork,you'll

findyourselfthinkingofthetaskuntil,atlast,youfinishit.Youmightnotfinishitallatonce,

buteachsmallstepyoutakeputsyouclosertoyourfinalgoal.

8.WhatdoestheZeigarnikeffectreferto?

A.Waiterstendtohavegoodmemories.

B.Onceinterrupted,onewillforgetthingseasily.

C.Mostpeoplecan'tfocusononethingforalongtime.

D.Peoplerememberunfinishedtasksbetterthancompletedones.

9.Whatwerealltheparticipantsrequiredtodointhestudy?

A.Describetheirtasks.B.Expresstheirfeelings.

C.Testtheirintelligence.D.Designsimpleactivities.

10.HowshouldwestudyaccordingtotheZeigarnikeffect?

A.Repeatoverandoveragain.B.Divideupourstudysession.

C.Focusonseveraltasksatatime.D.Haveenoughrestbeforestudying.

11.Whafsthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Howtogetridofheavystress.

B.Whyweshouldsetafinalgoal.

C.Howtobreakthehabitofdelayingwork.

D.Whywealwayscompletetasksinarush.

Thereseemstobealotoftalkthesedaysaboutwhatisfair,andwhatisnot.Mostpeople

tendtobelievelifeshouldbefair.Someofthe99%seemtobelievelifehassomehowtreated

themunfairly,andsomeofthe1%feellifehasn'ttreatedthemfairlyenough.Myquestions

arethese:Whatisfairness?Islifefair?Shouldlifebefair?

Weclearlyhavenochoiceabouthowwecomeintothisworld.Wehavelittlechoiceearly

inlife.Butaswegrowolder,choicesabound.Ihavelongbelievedthatwhilewehaveno

controloverthebeginningofourlife,themajorityofushavetheabilitytoinfluencethe

outcomesweattain.Fairnessisastateofmind,andmostoften,anunhealthystateofmind.

Ourstateinlifecannot,oratleastshouldnot,beblamedonourparents,ourteachers,orour

society-it'slargelybasedonthechoiceswemake,andtheattitudesweadopt.

Lifeisfullofexamplesoftheuneducated,thementallyandphysicallychallengedpeople

bornintowar-tornareas,whocouldhavecomplainedaboutlifebeingunfair,butwhoinstead

choseadifferentpath.Regardlessofthechallengestheyfaced,theyhadthecharacterto

choosecontributionovercomplaint.

Iagreethatchallengesexist.Iagreethatmanyhaveanuphillbattleduetotheseverityof

thechallengestheyface.WhatIdisagreewithistheattempttousefairnesstosolveall

problemsintheworld.Rulesandordersdon'tcreatefairness,butpeople'sdesireand

determinationcanworkaroundmostlifechallenges.

Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouarebomwithasilverspoon,plasticspoon,ornospoonatall.A

friendofminecametothiscountryfromAfricainhislateteens,barelyspokethelanguage,

droveacabwhileworkinghiswaythroughcollege,andisnowthepresidentofatechnology

servicesfirm.Storiessuchasthisareallaroundus-theyarenotmiracles,noraretheytherare

exception.Theydo,however,demonstrateblindnesstothemindsetofthefairness.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abound“inParagraph2mean?

A.Changefully.B.Remainthesame.

C.Existinnumbers.D.Disappearcompletely.

13.Whatopiniondoesthewriteragreewith?

A.Mostofuscaninfluencetheresultsweachieve.

B.Ourbackgrounddeterminesourchoices.

C.People'sdesireanddeterminationcreateunfairness.

D.Weshoulddependonfairnesstosolveallproblems.

14.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthetext?

A.Topromoteeffortsovercomplaint.

B.Tostresstheimportanceoffairness.

C.Toshareaninspiringstoryofafriend.

D.Toprovethatfairnessisastateofmind.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FairnessIsJusticeB.LifeIsNotFair-DealWithIt

C.FairnessComesFirstD.FairnessCreatesChances

二、七選五

16.Somepeoplecryduringmovies,whileothersonlytearupforverysadorhappy

moments.Sometimes,weevencryrandomly.①Eachhasitsownjobandflows

fromyourtearducts(淚腺)foradifferentreason.

②Butifyoutearupfrequentlyfornoreason,itmightbeasignofaserious

condition.Ifyounoticethatyou'recryingeverydayduringnormalactivities,youmayhave

depression.Ifyouthinkyouhavedepression,talktoyourdoctorrightawaytofindtheright

treatmentforyou.

Ifsomeonebeginstocryinfrontofyou,yourreactionmaycomefromthediscomfort

youfeelinthissituation.Thoughyoumaynotmeanto,yourresponsecouldcausetheperson

whoiscryingtofeelweak,embarrassed,orlessunderstood.Insteadofrushingtocheera

crieruporofferimmediatehelp,sometimesit'sbesttogiveapersonspacetocry.(3)

Ifyou'rearoundsomeonewhoiscrying,respecttheirtears.Letthemrelease（釋放）their

feelingsandshowthemyoucare.Don'trushtoofferadviceortosayanythingatall.Give

themspacetoprocessandreleasetheirtears.（4）Letthemthinkandorganizetheir

thoughts.Acceptthewaytheyrespondinthemoment.Don'tpushthemtofeeladifferentway.

It'sbestnottoholdinemotionsallthetime.⑤Ifyouneedtocontrolacry,try

toholdbackyourtearsjustuntilyou'reinabetterplaceforthem.Thiswayyouwon't

suppress（壓抑）youremotionsaltogether.

A.Don'ttalktoomuch.

B.Wecrydifferenttypesoftears.

C.Thenhowcanwedealwithcrying?

D.Cryingcanbenormalincertainsituations.

E.Sometimestearsareneededtoprocessemotion.

F.Weshouldpayattentiontoyouremotionalproblems.

G.However,sometimesit'simportanttoholdbacktears.

三、完形填空（15空）

Thetrainhadbeenlongdelayed.Runningoutof1Andyputdownhisbookand

lookedout.Hefoundthe2atonce:itwasraininghard.

Helaydownandfellasleepbutwassoonwokenupbyawoman.Shehandedhimhis

bagand3thatithadslippedtothefloor.Hegratefullytookitbackandopenedit,4

toseehismother'sscarfandsomesandwichesinside.

Andy'sthoughtsdrifted（飄）towhenhewas5.Hismotherhadinsistedonputting

herscarfin."Ifitrains,itmaygetcold."Herememberedfeeling6andhadtakenitout.

Butitwasstillhere.

7Andyrealizedhewasburningwithfever.Feelinghelpless,hecalledhismum.

“Takea8Ihaveputinmedicine,just9Jshesuggested.Touchedbyhismother's

10hetookthemedicineandsoonfelldeepasleepinthe11ofthescarf.

Andywokeuplaterfeelingmuchbetter.Thenhenoticedthewoman,who9d12him

earlier,13holdingababyinherarms,bothshaking.Theirclothesdidlittleagainstthe

coldwind.

Withoutthinkingtwice,Andywrappedhismother'sscarfaroundthebaby.Tohis

14thechildsoonfellasleepintheloveofnotone,buttwo15

17.A.luckB.patienceC.timeD.energy

18.A.trainB.truthC.causeD.notice

19.A.insistedB.explainedC.apologizedD.admitted

20.A.surprisedB.readyC.thankfulD.expecting

21.A.checkingB.leavingC.planningD.packing

22.A.hurtB.annoyedC.ashamedD.puzzled

23.A.LatelyB.FinallyC.SuddenlyD.Instantly

24.A.lookB.pillC.restD.sandwich

25.A.forsafetyB.onpurposeC.incaseD.byaccident

26.A.calmnessB.confidenceC.comfortD.care

27.A.warmthB.memoryC.smellD.touch

28.A.helpedB.pleasedC.disturbedD.greeted

29.A.comfortablyB.safelyC.gentlyD.tightly

30.A.reliefB.amazementC.mindD.advantage

31.A.armsB.scarfsC.passengersD.mothers

四、短文填空

32.LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwenttoCanadatovisittheircousinsinHalifaxon

theAtlanticcoast.Beforestartingout,theyspentacoupleofdaysinVancouver,seeingthe①

(sight).Onthemorningofdeparture,thetwogirlsaroseearly②(take)

thetraintoLakeLouise,(3)(pass)throughtheCanadianRockies.Theyspentthe

night,andthentook④coachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.

FromJasper,theycaughtthetraintowardsToronto.Oneofthetrain'sfirststops(5)

(be)inEdmonton.FromEdmonton,thetrainheadedsoutheastacrossthegreat

CanadianPrairie.Theywentthroughtwowheat-growingprovinces,(6)theysaw

abunchoffarmsthatcoveredaverylargearea.Afteranotherdayonthetrain,⑦

(eventual)theywerebackinthecityofWinnipeg.Fromthere,theytravelledthroughthe

night,andwokeupinOntario.

Thetrain?(thunder)on,throughtherollinghills.Nightcameagain,andthe

trainturnedsouthtowardsToronto.Whentheywokeupthenextmorning,theycouldseethe

widestretchofLakeHuron.Itwasnotuntil9:30a.m⑨t(yī)heyfinallyreachedthe

capitalofOntario,Toronto.Allinall,⑩(they)tripfromVancouvertoToronto

hadtakenadurationoffourdays.

五、單詞拼寫

33.Snows（懷疑）thatthewaterpumpwastoblame.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

34.E（接觸）toanothercultureanditspeoplecangiveexchangestudentsgreatinsights

intotheworld.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

35.Freshairisf（基礎(chǔ)的；根本的）togoodhealth.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

36.Theresultswerec___（相反的）tomyexpectation.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

37.Peoplewered___（拼命地）seekingshelterfromthegunfire.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

38.Theworldhasalready（承諾）toestablishingaClimateAdaptationFund.（根

據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）一

39.Moreeffortswillbemadetoensuretheirs.（安全）（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

40.Childrenunder14mustbea（陪伴）byanadult.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

41.Henoddedina.（贊同）（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）

42.Yuanwasc（相信）thattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.（根

據(jù)中英文提示單詞拼寫）

六、書面表達

43.假定你是李華，你的美國朋友John發(fā)來郵件，提到他對中國所取得的科技成就感

到無比欽佩，想了解一些中國科學(xué)家的事跡。請你用英語給他寫一封郵件，為他介紹

一位你最喜歡的中國科學(xué)家，內(nèi)容包括：

①科學(xué)家簡介；

②主要成就；

③對你的影響。

注意：①詞數(shù)80左右；

②可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

DearJohn,

Sincerelyyours,

LiHua

七、讀后續(xù)寫

44.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Nomatterhowsmallyouare,youcanalsogivehelporsupporttoothers.Ididn't

understandthesewordsuntilIsawmygrandfatherweepthatday.

IgrewupinSouthernCalifornia,andmyfamilyoftenwenttoDisneyland,Knott'sBerry

Farm,andSeaWorld.Thehighlightofthoseparkvisitsformewasalwaystheevening

activities,whentherewouldbefireworks.

AsIgrewolderandmoreobservant,Inoticedthatmygrandfatherwouldgomissingjust

beforethefireworkswerescheduledtostartandreappearshortlyaftertheyfinished.Iasked

mymotheraboutthisandwastoldthatGrandpadidn'tliketohearthenoiseoftheexplosions.

Theyremindedhimofthewarandhisfellowswhodiedinthewar.Soeverytimetherewas

fireworks,hewouldgoinsidethebathroomsuntiltheyweredone.Ifeltsurprisedbecausemy

grandfatherwassuchastrongman.

Onesummernight,somewherenearmytenthbirthday,myfamilyandIexitedaridejust

intimetohearovertheloudspeakers,"Inonlytwominutes,thelightswillbeturnedoff

aroundtheRiversofAmerica,andDisneylandwillpresenttheirfireworksintheskiesover

thepark."Atthismoment,Grandpawasjustinfrontofme,andwhenheheardthe

announcement,hestartedjoggingaheadwithoutawordtoanyone.Withoutreallythinking,I

tookoffafterhim,againsttheordersofmymother,whorepeatedlycalledaftermetostay

withtherestofthefamily.Grandpa,unawarethatIwasbehindhim,trieddesperatelytowalk

throughthemassesofpeoplewhowerestoppedinthestreetwaitingfortheshowtobegin.

Ashetriedtoreachtherestrooms,thefirstshell（煙花彈）brokeintheskiesaboveus.

Grandpapausedandlookedup,justlookingasifhehadbeenhitbyashot.Andthenhekept

movingforward.Asshellaftershellburstoverhead,hestruggledforward,andalmostfell

overbeforehecouldsitontoabenchnearby.

注意：

L續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Instantly,Iwentforwardandwasbyhisside.

Whenthefireworksshowended,hestraightenedsuddenlyandwipedthetears.

參考答案

1.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteerinTransylvania中的“Inaddition,youcantakeyour

unusualholidayexperienceevenfurtherbyvolunteeringinEasternEurope'slargestbear

reserveandworkingwithbears.（此外，你可以在東歐最大的熊保護區(qū)做志愿者，并與熊

一起工作，從而讓你的不同尋常的假期體驗更進一步。）”可知，作者建議游客在特蘭

西瓦尼亞旅行時去東歐最大的熊保護區(qū)做志愿者，幫忙照顧熊。故選D。

2.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TeachskiinginAustria中的"You'11gainaqualificationthatis

recognizedworldwide,andthisprogramincludesaguaranteedpaidinstructorjobataski

resortonceyouhavefinishedyourtraining.（你將獲得一個世界公認(rèn)的資格證書，這個項

目包括一旦你完成培訓(xùn)，在滑雪場有一份帶薪的教練工作。）”可知，在奧地利，你可

以邊旅行邊賺錢。故選C。

3.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)ExploreTuscanyonhorseback中的“Tuscany,oneofthebest

placesinEuropetoexploreonhorseback,haswitnessedasharpincreaseintravelers.（托斯

卡納是歐洲騎馬探險的最佳地點之一，游客數(shù)量急劇增加。廣可知，托斯卡納是騎馬

度假的勝地之一，來這個地區(qū)游玩的游客數(shù)量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡納的騎馬度

假越來越受歡迎。故選C。

4.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thebeststrategytobattlethefiresandminimizethe

damageistoattempttoremovethefuelthatenablesthespreadoftheflames,inthiscasethe

dryweeds,treesandplants.Ifthethingsthataremostlikelytocatchfirearegone,thefireis

lesslikelytospread.（與火災(zāi)作斗爭并將損失降至最低的最佳策略是試圖移除使火焰蔓延

的燃料，在這種情況下是干燥的雜草、樹木和植物。如果最容易著火的東西都沒有

了，火勢就不太可能蔓延。）”可知，山羊會吃掉可能會引發(fā)火災(zāi)的干枯的植物，從而

防止野火發(fā)生。故選B。

5.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyevenfertilize（使肥沃）thearea,anaturalandfree

sideeffectofeatingallthosedryplants.（它們甚至?xí)o該地區(qū)施肥，這是食用所有這些干

燥植物的自然而免費的副作用。）”可推斷，這個方法對環(huán)境是有益的。故選D。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。通讀最后一段KharHelae所說的話“Forus,thecombinationof

turningtogoatsforhelpwiththequickfireresponseisaneffectivemethodofkeepingour

neighborssafefromdisastrouswildfires,（對我們來說，向山羊?qū)で髱椭c快速火災(zāi)反應(yīng)

相結(jié)合，是保護我們的鄰居免受災(zāi)難性野火傷害的有效方法，）”可知，KharHeae認(rèn)為

將依靠山羊控制野火和快速應(yīng)對野火相結(jié)合是一個有效的方法，面對氣候變化，人類

更應(yīng)該著眼于減少火源。由此可推斷，KhanHelae高度贊揚依靠山羊控制野火這一創(chuàng)

新的方式。故選A。

7.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是文章第一段“ThecityofWestSacramentoin

NorthCaliforniahasfoundacreativesecretweapontohelpdealwiththisphenomenon:

goats.（北加州西薩克拉門托市發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種創(chuàng)造性的秘密武器來幫助解決這一現(xiàn)象：山

羊。）”可知，文章主要介紹了山羊是如何幫助控制野火的。所以“GoatsHelpKeep

WildfiresUnderControl（山羊有助于控制野火）”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中WhilesittinginabusyrestaurantinVienna,shenoted

thewaitershadbettermemoriesofunpaidorders.Oncethebillwaspaid,however,the

waitershaddifficultyrememberingtheexactdetailsoftheorders.（當(dāng)她坐在維也納——家繁

忙的餐館里時，她注意到服務(wù)員對未付訂單有更好的記憶。然而，一旦賬單被支付，

服務(wù)員就很難記住訂單的確切細(xì)節(jié)。）和第二段的Shediscoveredthatthosewhohadtheir

workinterruptedweretwiceaslikelytorememberwhattheyhadbeendoingasthosewho

hadactuallycompletedthetasks.（她發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些工作被打斷的人比那些實際完成任務(wù)的人

更有可能記住他們所做的事情）可推斷，蔡加尼克效應(yīng)指人們對于尚未處理完的事比已

處理完成的事情印象更加深刻。故選D。

9.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Afteranhour-longdelay,Zeigarnikaskedthe

participantstogiveanaccountofwhatthey5dbeenworkingon.可知，Zeigarnik要求參與者

描述他們一直在做什么。故選A。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的ifyou'restrugglingtomemorizesomething

important,momentaryinterruptionsmightactuallyworktoyouradvantage.Ratherthan

simpleremembertheinformationoverandoveragain,reviewitseveraltimesandthentakea

break.（如果你在努力記住一些重要的東西，短暫的中斷實際上可能對你有利。不是簡

單地一遍又一遍地記住信息，而是復(fù)習(xí)幾遍，然后休息一下.）可推斷，我們應(yīng)該分幾

個時間段學(xué)習(xí)。故選B。

11.答案：C

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的OnewaytoovercomethisistoputtheZeigamik

effect。work.（克服這一問題的一種方法是使蔡加尼克效應(yīng)發(fā)揮作用。）以及下文講

述的實施過程可知，本段主要告訴我們?nèi)绾斡行Ю貌碳幽峥诵?yīng)來改善拖延癥。故

選C。

12.答案：C

解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段前幾句"Weclearlyhavenochoiceabouthowwecome

intothisworld.Wehavelittlechoiceearlyinlife.Butaswegrowolder,choicesabound.“可

知，我們無法選擇自己如何出生,早期生活也幾乎沒有選擇。但是隨著我們長大,我們有

了很多選擇。該段最后一句中的"it'slargelybasedonthechoiceswemake,andthe

attitudesweadopt”也說明我們可以做出很多選擇。

13.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“themajorityofushavetheabilitytoinfluencethe

outcomesweattain”可知，我們大多數(shù)人可以支配自己取得的結(jié)果。又根據(jù)第四段中的

“WhatIdisagreewithistheattempttousefairnesstosolveallproblemsintheworld.“可知，

作者反對用公平解決一切問題。

14.答案：A

解析：寫作意圖題。綜合全文，尤其是根據(jù)第三段中的“Regardlessofthechallengesthey

faced,theyhadthecharactertochoosecontributionovercomplaint.”可矢口,A項符合本文的

寫作目的。

15.答案:B

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中的"fairnessisastateofmind,andmostoften,an

unhealthystateofmind.”,第四段中的"WhatIdisagreewithistheattempttousefairnessto

solveallproblemsintheworld.”和最后——段中的“Theydo,however,demonstrateblindness

tothemindsetofthefairness.”可知，作者反對一味追求公平,試圖用公平解決所有問題的

思維模式;再從文中最后一段第一句"Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouarebomwithasilver

spoon,plasticspoon,ornospoonatall.“可知，每個人的出生條件可能不一樣，但作者用朋

友的例子說明要直面生活中的不公平。

16.答案：①-⑤BDEAG

解析：本文是一篇說明文。人們會因為不同的原因而流淚，在某些情況下，哭泣是正

常的。但如果你經(jīng)常無緣無故地流淚，這可能是一種病情嚴(yán)重的征兆。那么應(yīng)該如何

對待流淚呢？本文提出了一些行之有效的方法。

①根據(jù)上文"Somepeoplecryduringmovies,whileothersonlytearupforverysadorhappy

moments.Sometimes,weevencryrandomly.（有些人會在看電影時哭泣，而有些人只會在

非常悲傷或快樂的時候流淚。有時候，我們甚至?xí)S意地哭泣）”以及后文"Eachhasits

ownjobandflowsfromyourtearducts（淚腺）foradifferentreason.（每一種都有自己的功

能，并且出于不同的原因從你的淚腺流出）”可知，空前講有時候我們會莫名其妙地

哭；空后講每種（眼淚）都有自己的職責(zé)，并出于不同的原因從你的淚腺流出。故B項”

我們會流出不同類型的眼淚"承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。

②根據(jù)后文"Butifyoutearupfrequentlyfornoreason,itmightbeasignofaserious

condition.Ifyounoticethatyou'recryingeverydayduringnormalactivities,youmayhave

depression.Ifyouthinkyouhavedepression,talktoyourdoctorrightawaytofindtheright

treatmentforyou.（但如果你無緣無故地頻繁流淚，這可能是一種嚴(yán)重狀況的跡象。如果

你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己每天在正常活動時都在哭，你可能患有抑郁癥。如果你認(rèn)為自己患有抑郁

癥，請立即與你的醫(yī)生交談，以找到適合你的治療方法）”可知，空后講但如果你經(jīng)常

無緣無故地流淚，這可能是病情嚴(yán)重的一種征兆。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己每天日常生活中都

在哭泣，你可能患有抑郁癥。故D項”在某些情況下，哭泣是正常的"引出下文，符合

語境。故選D。

③根據(jù)上文"Ifsomeonebeginstocryinfrontofyou,yourreactionmaycomefromthe

discomfortyoufeelinthissituation.Thoughyoumaynotmeanto,yourresponsecouldcause

thepersonwhoiscryingtofeelweak,embarrassed,orlessunderstood.Insteadofrushingto

cheeracrieruporofferimmediatehelp,sometimesit'sbesttogiveapersonspacetocry.（如

果有人開始在你面前哭，你的反應(yīng)可能來自你在這種情況下感到的不適。雖然你可能

不是故意的，但你的反應(yīng)可能會讓哭泣的人感到虛弱、尷尬或不太被理解。與其急于

讓哭泣的人振作起來或立即提供幫助，有時最好給一個人哭泣的空間）”可知，空前講

有時候，不要急著讓一個哭的人高興起來或立即提供幫助，最好給他哭的空間。故E

項”有時候情緒是需要用眼淚來處理的”承接上文，符合語境。故選E。

④根據(jù)上文"Ifyou'rearoundsomeonewhoiscrying,respecttheirtears.Letthemrelease（釋

放）theirfeelingsandshowthemyoucare.Don'trushtoofferadviceortosayanythingatall.

Givethemspacetoprocessandreleasetheirtears.（如果你身邊有人正在哭泣，尊重他們的

眼淚。讓他們釋放他們的感受，并表示你的關(guān)心。不要急于提出建議或說任何話。給

他們處理和釋放眼淚的空間）"以及后文"Letthemthinkandorganizetheirthoughts.Accept

thewaytheyrespondinthemoment.Don'tpushthemtofeeladifferentway.（讓他們思考并

組織自己的思想。接受他們當(dāng)時的反應(yīng)。不要強迫他們有不同的感覺）”可知，空前講

給他們空間來處理和緩解他們的眼淚；空后講讓他們思考和組織他們的想法。故A項”

不要說太多話"承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。

⑤根據(jù)上文"心bestnottoholdinemotionsallthetime.（最好不要一直壓抑自己的情緒）"

以及后文"Ifyouneedtocontrolacry,trytoholdbackyourtearsjustuntilyou'reinabetter

placeforthem.Thiswayyouwon'tsuppress（壓抑）youremotionsaltogether.（如果你想控制

自己的哭泣，試著忍住眼淚，直到你在一個更好的地方去面對它們。這樣你就不會完

全壓抑自己的情緒）”可知，空前講最好不要總是壓抑（自己的）情緒；空后講如果你需要

控制哭泣，試著忍住眼淚，直到你找到更適合（哭泣）的地方。故G項"然而，有時候忍

住眼淚是很重要的"承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。

17.答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：安迪忍無可忍，放下書往外看。A.