2023-2024學(xué)年河南省部分市高三下學(xué)期第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測英語試題(解析版)

高中名校英語試卷PAGEPAGE2河南省部分市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第二次質(zhì)量預(yù)測英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesMikeplantodotonight?A.Watchamovie.B.Attendameeting.C.Workonhispresentation.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:Mike,wouldyoulovetogooutforamoviewithustonight?M:I’dloveto,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtomorrow,soIhavetopreparemypresentationalldaytoday.2.HowwillthewomancontactJohn?A.Byphone. B.Byemail. C.Inperson.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Hello,thisisMargaretShawspeaking.CanyouputmethroughtoJohnplease?M:I’msorrybuthehasjustlefttheoffice.Heshouldbeintomorrowifyouwanttocallback.Wouldyouliketoleaveamessageforhim?W:No,that’sokay.Iwillemailhiminstead.3.WhenwillthespeakersmeetonThursday?A.At3:30p.m. B.At4:00p.m. C.At4:10p.m.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:ProfessorReed,Ihavesomequestionsaboutthefinalexam.AreyouavailableatthreethirtyonThursdayafternoon?M:Iwillbeatameetingthenanditwon’tfinishuntilfouro’clock.TheearliesttimeIcanmeetyouisfourten.Wouldthatworkforyou?W:Yes.Iwillseeyouthen.4.WhywillKathycallAnne?A.Toexpressthanks. B.Tolookforahelper. C.Togivesomeinformation.〖答案〗B〖解析〗M:Kathy,wehavethreelargegroupscominginfordinneratseveno'clockandMeganisinhospital.Doyouknowifanyisavailabletonighttocomeinandwaittables?W:I'mnotsure,butIcancallherandfindout.5.Wherewilltheconferenceprobablybeheld?A.InPittsburgh. B.InAtlanta. C.InKansasCity.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Haveyoudecidedwheretoholdtheconference?W:Notyet,butwehaveonlythreechoices.Pittsburghisthecheapest.KansasCityismorecentral.AndAtlantahasbetterweatheratthattimeofyear.M:Thatistrue.Butatthemomentweshouldfocusonkeepingcostsdown.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whataretheyprobablydoing?A.Takingadrivingtest.B.Doingsomeshopping.C.Playingacomputergame.7.Whatdidthewomanthinkofwhatthemandid?A.Itwasuseless. B.Itwasnotcorrect. C.Itwasunimportant.〖答案〗6.C7.B〖解析〗M:Whereareyou?W:Ihavejustcrossedthebridge.M:Ah.I’mfarahead.W:Butyouarenotcollectingthecoinsasyougoalong,soscoreisgoingtobemuchlowerthantheotherteams.Wearestillnotgoingtomakeittothenextlevel.M:Whocares?Ijustwantustowintherace.Ohno,Ihaverunoutofpetrol.W:Youdidn’tstoptofillthetank.Youdidthisallwrong.YouareluckyweareonthesameteamsoIcangiveyouabitofmine.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whathasthewomandecidedtodo?A.Tryfilmmaking. B.Learnalanguage. C.Studyphotography.9.Whydoesthewomanwanttodevelopanewskill?A.Totravel. B.Tofindajob. C.Togetpromoted.10.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst?A.Buysomecoffee. B.Eatdinner. C.Watchaperformance.〖答案〗8.B9.A10.B〖解析〗W:Ihavedecidedtogotonightschooltolearnanewskill.IhavebeendoingthesamejobforyearsandIneedanewchallenge.M:Youtookphotographyupforawhilebutsoonlostinterest.Areyougoingtotryfilmmakingthistime?W:No.WhatIwasthinkingwastolearnanotherlanguage.MaybeSpanishorFrench.ThenIcanusemynewlanguageskillstodosometravellingwhenIgoonholiday.Ineedtoseemoreoftheworld.M:Enoughdreamingofholidays.Weneedtogetgoingorwewillbelatefortheperformance.Butfirst,let’sgetsomethingtoeat.Bytheway,Ihavebookedatableattherestaurant.W:OK,Iwilljustfinishmycoffee.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Ahost. B.Ateacher. C.Awriter.12.WhatdoesBobsayaboutlifeadministration?A.Itispleasing. B.Itistiring. C.Itisboring.13.WhatdidElizabethadvisethe“administrationavoiders”todo?A.Makeato-dolist.B.Donecessarytasksfirst.C.Avoidmeaninglesstasks.〖答案〗11.A12.C13.A〖解析〗W:Bob,intoday’sprogram,wewilltalkaboutlifeadministration.Lifeadministrationiswhatyouhavetodotomakeyourliferunsmoothly,likedoinghouseworkandpayingabill.M:Well,astudyshowspeoplespendaquarteroftheirdayscarryingoutnecessarytasks,likewaitingforpackagestobedeliveredanddoinghousework.Butinmyopinion,itisnotinterestingatallandcanmakepeoplefeelimpatient.W:Nowexpertshavestudiedhowwecanmakeitlessboring.OneofthemisElizabethEmens,theauthorofTheArtofLifeAdministration:HowtoDoLess,DoItBetter,andLiveMore.M:MyproblemisthatIalwaysputoffdoingthings,probablybecauseIdonotwanttodothem.W:YouarewhatElizabethcallsanadministrationavoider.Shesuggestedhavingawrittenrecordoftasksthatcanbesatisfyingtocrossoffasyoudothem.Shealsomentionedthatweneedtofindthemeaningofdoingthemsowecanseethebenefitofcompletingourtodolist.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatkeepsthegroupgoing?A.Theloveforcreatingartworks.B.Thepleasureofhelpingothers.C.Thewishtoimprovethecommunity.15.Howhasthelocalgovernmenthelpedthegroup?A.Byrentingaroom. B.Byprovidingmoney. C.Bybuildingawebsite.16.Wherecanpeoplebuythebottlesnow?A.Fromthetownhall. B.Intheshops. C.OntheInternet.17.Howmanymembersdoesthegrouphaveatpresent?A.Three. B.Five. C.Eight.〖答案〗14.B15.B16.A17.C〖解析〗M:Rosa,whatdoesyourgroupdo?W:Weworkonoldbottlesandmakeeachbottleintoanindividualworkofartsotheycanbesold.Allthemoneywemakegoestocharity.Itisthejoyofhelpingpeoplethatkeepsusgoing.M:That’ssuchacreativewayofgivingbacktothecommunity.W:Youareright.Weareprovidedmoneybythelocalgovernmentaspartoftheirrecyclingproject.TheyhavejusttoldusthatwewillbegivenanextraroomtoworkinfromSeptember.M:Youhavejusthadyourownwebsitemade.Canpeoplebuybottlesonline?W:I’mafraidnot.Youcanjustseepicturesthere.Thetownhallhasanexhibitionofourstuffwhichisonsalethere.Wehopetosellinsomeshops,butthathasnothappenedyet.M:Howmanypeopleareinvolvedinyourgroup?W:Well,therewerefiveofusatthestart.Asithasbeensuchasuccess,threemorepeoplejoinedlatertoorganizeeverything.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whywilltheshoppingmallmakeachangetothecafe?A.Tooffermoredishes.B.Tomakeitmorecomfortable.C.Toprovideroomformorecustomers.19.Howshouldshoppersbookthe"personalshopper"service?A.Byfillinginaformonline.B.Bygoingandvisitingthestore.C.Bycallingtheinformationdesk.20.Whatisthesecondcookingclassabout?A.Keepingfoodfresh.B.Makinginstantmeals.C.Learningaboutsafetyrules.〖答案〗18.C19.A20.B〖解析〗Thanksforstayingbehindafterwork.Iwilltellyouaboutsomechangestotheservicesourshoppingmallprovidestocustomers.Onemajorchangewillbetoourcafe.We’regoingtomakeitlargersothatmoreshopperscansitdownandhaveacupofcoffeewhenthey’retired.We’realsointroducingapersonalshopperserviceforladiesonly.Wehavealreadyhadquiteafewphonecallsaboutthisservice,soIthinkitwillbeabighit.Customerswillbeabletobooktimewithapersonalshopperbycompletinganonlineform.Theywillhavetogivesomebasicinformationabouttheirsizes,shapesandpreferredstylesandselectapaymentoption.Andstartingnextmonth,wearegoingtorunaseriesofcookingclasses.Wewillstartoffbycoveringthebasicssothefirstclassisonkeepingfoodsafe.Thefollowingclassonquickdinnersshouldbepopularforthosewhoworklonghours.Soarethereanyquestions?第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A※BrownGirlDreamingByJacquelineWoodsonAsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook,inherbook,BrownGirlDreaming,theauthorusespoetrytotellhertruestoryofgrowingupasablackwomaninthe1960sand1970s.Woodson’sbeautifullanguageexploresbigideaswhiledescribingherfamily,hergrowingawarenessofraceandthecivilrightsmovement,andherlifeinSouthCarolinaandNewYorkCity.※WhenYouWereEverythingByAshleyWoodfolkCleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butintheirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everythingchanges.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwogirls’friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstilltryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo’sstoryofsadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8thgraderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.※TheHoundoftheBaskervillesByArthurConanDoyleThefamousdetectiveSherlockHolmesandhisfriendWatsonsetouttolookintoanewcaseinDartmoor,England.Amanisdead,withmanydogpawprintsleadingtohisbody.HolmesandWatsonarriveinDartmoortofindseveralunexplainableeventsandclues.Together,theystarttofigureoutapuzzlethathasdefinedmysteryanddetectivefictioneversince.※TheHobbitByJ.R.R.TolkienThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.It’sanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.Withdwarves(小矮人),hobbits,swordfights,wizardsanddragons,thebook’splotandhumorhavestoodthetestoftime.21.HowisBrownGirlDreamingdifferentfromtheotherbooks?A.Itfocusesoncitylife. B.Itusesclearlanguage.C.Ithaswonmanyawards. D.Ittellshumorousstories.22.WhatisWhenYouWereEverythingmainlyabout?A.Friendshipandgrowth. B.Lostloveandgainedhope.C.Learningtobemoreindependent. D.Dealingwithpressurefromschoolwork.23.Whichbooksuitswhoeverwantstoreadaboutadventures?A.TheHobbit B.BrownGirlDreamingC.WhenYouWereEverything D.TheHoundoftheBaskervilles【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹4本書?！即鸢浮?1.C22.A23.A【21題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BrownGirlDreaming部分“AsawinneroftheNationalBookAward,theCorettaScottKingAward,andaNewberryHonorBook(作為國家圖書獎、科瑞塔·斯科特·金獎和紐伯里榮譽書的得主)”可知，BrownGirlDreaming贏了很多的獎項。故選C?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhenYouWereEverything部分“CleoandLaylahavebeenbestfriendsforyears.Butintheirsecondyearofmiddleschool,everythingchanges.Laylastartshangingoutwithhernewfriends,andthetwogirls’friendshipslowlyends.Cleoisstilltryingtomakesenseofwhathappenedasshetriestomakenewfriends.Toldacrosstwotimelines,Cleo’sstoryofsadnesssurroundingalostfriendshipwillberelevantformany8thgraderstryingtodealwithpastmiddleschoolfrienddramaandlookingforwardtohighschool.(克萊奧和蕾拉是多年來最好的朋友。但到了中學(xué)二年級，一切都變了。蕾拉開始和她的新朋友們一起玩，兩個女孩的友誼慢慢結(jié)束了?？巳R奧在努力結(jié)交新朋友的同時，仍在努力理解所發(fā)生的事情?？缭絻蓚€時間線講述，克萊奧關(guān)于失去友誼的悲傷故事將與許多試圖處理過去的中學(xué)朋友戲劇并期待高中的八年級學(xué)生有關(guān)。)”可知，這本書講述的是關(guān)于友誼和成長的故事。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHobbit部分“ThisstoryisanopenertothelongerandmorechallengingTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.It’sanadventurestorysetinafantasyworld.(這個故事開啟了更長、更具挑戰(zhàn)性的《指環(huán)王》三部曲。這是一個以幻想世界為背景的冒險故事。)”可知，TheHobbit是一個以幻想世界為背景的冒險故事，適合想要閱讀冒險故事的人。故選A。BItwasacoldMaymorningwhenIreceivedanemailfromanoldfriendinvitingmetojoina10-dayall-girlssurftrip.IknewIhadtosayyes.Thetripseemedsimpleenough.10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.Ihavealwayslovedtraveling,soIeagerlysentanemailtomybossaskingfortimeofftomakethetrip.Ifthere’sonethingI’velearnedovermypast33years,it’sthatadultstypicallyspendtheirdaysmasteringthethingsthey’vedonebefore.Itseemslikeweprideourselvesonbecomingexpertsinwhateverfieldwe’vefalleninto,knowingmoreaboutless.Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.ImetmynewsurfingcompanionsonthegrassofthehotellawninasmallsurftowncalledEriceira.Despiteourdifferentpersonalitiesandbackgrounds,wewereallunitedinastrongdesiretochallengeourselves,learn,tackleandgrow.TheshoresatEriceira,wherethebeginnerslearntosurf,areshallowandcoveredwithslipperyrocks.Theymakeforsofterwavesbutaredifficulttoride.Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn’tmatterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility(謙虛)thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,andthepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanagetograspsomethingyou’vebeenworkingon.Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou’recapableofifyoudon’tgooutthereandtry.24.Whatinspiredtheauthortojointhesurftrip?A.Herloveforseashoresurfing. B.Herdesiretomakenewfriends.C.Herneedtotakeabreakfromwork. D.Herpassionforexploringsomethingnew.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadults’focusingonmasteringonefield?A.Ithurtsone’spride. B.Itnarrowsone’spotential.C.Itpromotesone’scareersuccess. D.Itbroadensone’sviewoftheworld.26.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’ssurfingexperience?A.Relaxingbutdangerous. B.Toughanduninteresting.C.Challengingbutrewarding. D.Surprisingandunforgettable.27.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?A.Sheusedtolackconfidenceinherself.B.Shedeterminedtobecomeanexpertsurfer.C.Shediscoveredherlifelongpassionafterthetrip.D.Shewasmorewillingtotrynewexperiencesinlife.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過葡萄牙的沖浪之旅，感悟到了突破極限和嘗試新事物的價值?！即鸢浮?4.D25.B26.C27.D【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.(10名年齡在30到45歲之間、素不相識的女性將在葡萄牙海岸見面，嘗試一項新事物：在大西洋沖浪。)”和文章最后一段“Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility(謙虛)thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew(學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能教會了我在新事物上做得不好時的謙卑)”可知，對探索新事物的熱情激發(fā)了作者加入沖浪之旅。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.(現(xiàn)在，從理論上講，這是一個很好的策略，因為它可以讓你變得非常擅長某一件事，但最終也會讓你缺乏一些技能。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為，成年人專注于掌握一個領(lǐng)域會限制自己的潛力。故選B?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn’tmatterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.(在我們出色的教練的帶領(lǐng)下，我們一起面對海浪。有時，下著大雨，海浪在我們周圍拍打，但我們?nèi)匀辉谀抢?。每一次滑倒，空氣中都充滿了鼓勵的話語。老實說，我可能大部分時間都僵在骨頭上，但這并不重要，因為真正的快樂和個人成就的新水平已經(jīng)被解鎖了。)”和文章最后一段“Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility(謙虛)thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,andthepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanagetograspsomethingyou’vebeenworkingon.(學(xué)習(xí)一項新技能教會了我在新事物上做得不好時的謙卑，以及當(dāng)你最終掌握了你一直在做的事情時產(chǎn)生的自豪感。)”可知，作者的沖浪之旅是充滿挑戰(zhàn)的，但卻是值得的。故選C。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou’recapableofifyoudon’tgooutthereandtry.(雖然沖浪可能不是我一生的愛好，但嘗試它激勵我在生活中承擔(dān)更多的風(fēng)險。如果你不去嘗試，你永遠(yuǎn)不知道你能做什么。)”可推知，作者變得更愿意嘗試新事物了。故選D。CYouhateme.Youdon’tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe’veevenspoken,youhateme.Atleastthat’showitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.IdreadthemomentwhenIhavetologontoourphonesystemfirstthinginthemorningbecauseIneverknowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.Sometimesit’saneasytask.Thecallerispleasantandhasacceptedpersonalresponsibilityfortheirdebts,andwegetthroughthephonecallwithease.Thentherearetheoneswhocallinlookingforafight,orlookingforsomeonetoblame.Throughtheluckofthephonesystem,thatpersonisme.I’vehadpeoplewhoshoutatme,callmehorriblenames,accusemepersonallyoftakingtheirmoneyandthreatenme.Why?Ithinkit’sbecauseIaminvisible.IthinkIwouldbetreatedwiththesamelevelofdisrespectifwewerefacetoface.Fortunatelyforme,Ihavehadyearsofexperienceincustomerservice,soI’mfairlyrichinnotlettingthenegativeencountersbotherme.Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy(同理心).IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI’vebeenthere.That’swhyI’mgoodatmyjob—Iunderstandwhatyou’regoingthrough,andI’mheretohelp.Somedaysthough,nomatterhowmuchItrytoleavethestressbehindwhenIhangupthephone,itstayswithme.Imaydosomedeepbreathing,goforaquickwalkorsimplystickmyheadoutsideforaburstoffreshair.IdothissoIdon’tcarrythatnegativityontomynextcall.Thatnextcallmaybeapersonhavingtheworstdayoftheirlife,butIdon’twanttoeverbetheonewhomakesitworse.Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyinlife,whichmakesyouandmeequal.Soplease,thenexttimewetalk,rememberthat.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dread”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Enjoy. B.Fear. C.Expect. D.Avoid.29.Whydoestheauthorthinksomecallerstreatherbadly?A.Theygetangrytooeasily. B.Theyblameherfortheirdebts.C.Theydonotseeherasarealperson. D.Theyaccuseheroftakingtheirmoney.30.Whydoestheauthorthinksheisgoodatherjob?A.Shecanoffercallersbestadvice. B.Sheisalwaysrespectedbycallers.C.Shecanputherselfinothers’shoes. D.Sheisn’teasilyinfluencedbynegativity.31.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthistext?A.Tocallforunderstandingofherjob. B.Toexplainwhysheisgoodatherjob.C.Tointroducewhatsheisresponsiblefor. D.Tocomplainaboutherbeingtreatedbadly.【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人們理解她的工作。〖答案〗28.B29.C30.C31.A【28題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Youhateme.Youdon’tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe’veevenspoken,youhateme.Atleastthat’showitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.(你恨我。你根本不了解我，還恨我。我們還沒說話，你就煩我了。至少這是我作為一個呼叫中心的女催收員在電話里的感覺。)”和下文“...becauseIneverknowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.(因為我永遠(yuǎn)不知道電話的另一端是誰。)”可知，作者對于電話另一端的未知感到恐懼，劃線詞所在的句子意思是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登錄我們的電話系統(tǒng)。由此可知，dread意為“害怕”。故選B?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“I’vehadpeoplewhoshoutatme,callmehorriblenames,accusemepersonallyoftakingtheirmoneyandthreatenme.Why?Ithinkit’sbecauseIaminvisible.(有人沖我大喊大叫，用難聽的名字罵我，指責(zé)我拿了他們的錢，還威脅我。為什么？我想那是因為我是看不見的人。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為一些打電話的人對她不友好，因為他們沒有把她當(dāng)作一個真實的人。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy(同理心).IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI’vebeenthere.That’swhyI’mgoodatmyjob—Iunderstandwhatyou’regoingthrough,andI’mheretohelp.(在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技能就是同理心。我能理解打電話的人的處境，因為我也經(jīng)歷過。這就是我擅長這份工作的原因——我理解你的感受，我是來幫你的。)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為她很擅長自己的工作，是因為她能設(shè)身處地地為別人著想。故選C。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyinlife,whichmakesyouandmeequal.Soplease,thenexttimewetalk,rememberthat.(我們都是人類，只是想努力生活，這讓你我平等。所以，下次我們談話的時候，請記住這一點。)”可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了呼吁人們理解她的工作。故選A。DWaterwaysareimportantforeverycountryaroundtheworld.Theyprovidenotonlywaterforeverydayusebutalsoroutesfortransport.However,duetoindustrialactivity,manyofthemarenowpolluted.DakotaPerryfromtheUShasexperiencedwaterpollutionfirst-hand.The15-year-oldhighschoolgirltoldAlabamaLocalNewsthatshespendsalotoftimegoingonboatrideswithherdadontheriverbehindtheirhouse.However,theriverhasbecomelitteredwithplasticbags,bottlesandcups.Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,withthehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremoverubbishinwaterways.InMay,PerryputforwardhersolutionattheRegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairheldinGeorgia,US,andreceivedaJudge’sAwardfromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationforherproject.AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubble(氣泡)BarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchmentsystem.ButPerrytriedtochallengeherselfandmakehersystemmoreenvironment-friendly.Sheplannedtocreateacurtainofbubblesthatstretchedtheriverdiagonally(對角地).Thecurtainwouldstopthefloatingrubbishandthenpushittowardtheshore.Oncethere,aconveyorrunbyasolar-poweredbatterywouldcarrythewastetoadustbin.Inherbackyardpool,Perryusedanaircompressor(壓縮機)tosendairthroughapipefullofholestocreateastreamofbubbles.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentamountsofpressuretomakesuretherewouldbeenoughbubblestoformafullcurtain.“Forthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkandcollectrubbish,”sheexplainedtoScienceNewsforStudents,“Ihavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheaircompressorissupposedtopushout.”Aftershetestedhersystemforcollectingrubbish,Perryfoundthatitworkedbetterthanexpected.Next,sheplanstoworkouthowtousethepoweroftherivertoruntheaircompressor.32.WhatmotivatedPerrytodesignarubbish-collectingsystem?A.Herfather’sencouragement.B.Herdesiretoprotectanearbyriver.C.Avisittoascienceandengineeringfair.D.AninventionofaDutchhighschoolstudent.33.Whatcanweknowabouttherubbish-collectingsystem?A.ItwasdesignedbyPerryalone.B.Itmakespowertoruntheaircompressor.C.Itcollectssolarenergytoremoverubbish.D.Itcreatesabubblecurtaintoblockrubbish.34.Whatisthe5thparagraphmainlyabout?A.Advantagesofthesystem. B.Thewayoftestingthesystem.C.Theimprovementonthesystem. D.Challengesinthedesignprocess.35.WhatkindofpersonisPerry?A.Efficientandambitious. B.Helpfulandhardworking.C.Responsibleandcreative. D.Professionalandadventurous.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了來自美國的達(dá)科塔·佩里設(shè)計垃圾收集系統(tǒng)來清理河流里的垃圾，文章介紹了系統(tǒng)的工作方式以及是如何接受測試的。〖答案〗32.B33.D34.B35.C【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,withthehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremovetrashinwaterways.(佩里想把河水清理干凈，這樣她就可以繼續(xù)享受這條河了。因此，在她父親的幫助下，她設(shè)計了一個收集和清除水道垃圾的系統(tǒng))”可知，保護(hù)附近河流的愿望促使佩里設(shè)計了一個垃圾收集系統(tǒng)。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubbleBarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchmentsystem.(據(jù)“學(xué)生科學(xué)新聞”網(wǎng)站報道，她的系統(tǒng)受到阿姆斯特丹荷蘭大氣泡屏障的啟發(fā)，該屏障產(chǎn)生氣泡流，將廢物捕獲并引導(dǎo)到集水系統(tǒng))”可知，垃圾收集系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生一個氣泡幕來阻擋垃圾。故選D?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inherbackyardpool,Perryusedanaircompressor(壓縮機)tosendairthroughapipefullofholestocreateastreamofbubbles.Sheexperimentedwithdifferentamountsofpressuretomakesuretherewouldbeenoughbubblestoformafullcurtain.“Forthebubblesystemtoactuallyworkandcollectrubbish,”sheexplainedtoScienceNewsforStudents,“Ihavetoknowhowmuchpressuretheaircompressorissupposedtopushout.”(在她家后院的游泳池里，佩里用一臺空氣壓縮機將空氣通過一根滿是孔的管道輸送出去，形成一股氣泡流。她試驗了不同的壓力，以確保有足夠的氣泡形成一個完整的簾子?！盀榱俗寶馀菹到y(tǒng)真正工作并收集垃圾，”她向?qū)W生科學(xué)新聞解釋說，“我必須知道空氣壓縮機應(yīng)該推出多大的壓力?！?”可知，倒數(shù)第二段的主要內(nèi)容是佩里測試她的系統(tǒng)的方式。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Perrywantedtocleanupthewatersoshecouldcontinuetoenjoytheriver.So,withthehelpofherfather,shedesignedasystemtocollectandremovetrashinwaterways.(佩里想把河水清理干凈，這樣她就可以繼續(xù)享受這條河了。因此，在她父親的幫助下，她設(shè)計了一個收集和清除水道垃圾的系統(tǒng))”以及第四段“AccordingtotheScienceNewsforStudentswebsite,hersystemwasinspiredbytheDutchGreatBubbleBarrierinAmsterdam,whichcreatesaflowofbubblesthattrapwasteanddirectsittoacatchmentsystem.ButPerrytriedtochallengeherselfandmakehersystemmoreenvironment-friendly.(據(jù)“學(xué)生科學(xué)新聞”網(wǎng)站報道，她的系統(tǒng)受到阿姆斯特丹荷蘭大氣泡屏障的啟發(fā)，該屏障產(chǎn)生氣泡流，將廢物捕獲并引導(dǎo)到集水系統(tǒng)。但佩里試圖挑戰(zhàn)自己，讓她的系統(tǒng)更環(huán)保)”可推知，佩里有責(zé)任心，有創(chuàng)造力。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Weallwanttoknowwhathappinessmeansandtrytofindwaystohelpmakeourlifebetter.Happiness—youknowitwhenyouseeit,butit’shardtodefine.Youmightcallitasenseofwell-being,optimismormeaningfulnessinlife,althoughthosecouldalsobetreatedseparately.____36____weknowthatwewantit,andthatisjustsomehowgood.Wealsoknowthatwedon’talwayshavecontroloverourhappiness.Researchsuggeststhatgeneticsmayplayabigroleinourlevelofhappiness,sosomeofusmaystartoutatadisadvantage.Ontopofthat,environmentalfactorscanbringdownmoodanddryupourthirstforliving.____37____.Manystudieshavefoundaconnectionbetweenpsychologicalandphysicalwell-being.A2022reviewofmorethan200studiesfoundaconnectionbetweenpositivepsychologicalfeatures,suchashappiness,optimismandlifesatisfaction,andaloweredriskofheartdisease.____38____.Ifyouhaveagoodsenseofwell-being,it’seasiertomaintaingoodhabits:exercising,eatingabalanceddietandgettingenoughsleep.____39____,andtheydonotprovidehardevidenceofcauseandeffect.Butsomeresearchersbelievethatpositivementalstatesdohaveadirecteffectonthebody,perhapsbyreducingdamagingphysicalprocesses.Forinstance,theyfoundthatoptimismisassociatedwithlowerlevelsofinflammation(炎癥).Ifwhatyoumeanbyhappinessisspecifically“enjoymentoflife”,there’snewerevidencetosupportthat,too.AstudyintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatpeopleaged60andoverwhosaidtheyenjoyedlifelessweremorelikelytodevelopdisabilityoveran8-yearperiod.____40____.Thisstudydoesnotprovethatphysicalproblemsarecausedbylessenjoymentoflife,butsuggestsarelationship.A.Butwhateverhappinessreallyis.B.Itmighttakemoreworkifyourmoodislow.C.Fornowthesestudiescanonlyshowassociations.D.Thatreferstotheperson,andthesituationheorsheisin.E.Beingabletotravelaround