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2024普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試模擬卷

英語試題(四)

時(shí)量:120分鐘滿分:150分

注意事項(xiàng):

1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上,寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題L5分,滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀

一■遍。

例:Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whendidthewomanarrive?

A.8:00a.m.B.8:30a.m.C.8:45a.m.

2.Whatisthetaxrate?

A.2%.B.4%.C.10%.

3.Whatdoesthemanmean?

A.Helikesreadingbooks.B.Heisalwaysorganized.C.Hemanageshistimebetter.

4.Howwillthemantraveltohismeeting?

A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bytaxi.

5.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetothedishes?

A.Shethinksitjustso-so.B.Shedislikesit.C.Shelikesitverymuch.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。

6.Whereisthemangoing?

A.Thecinema.B.Thelibrary.C.Theclassroom.

7.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?

A.Readingbooks.B.Writingreports.C.Doingexperiments.

聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。

8.WhatisSimondoingnow?

A.Swimming.B.Reading.C.Sleeping.

9.HowdidSimontravelaround?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.

10.WhywereJohn'sclotheswet?

A.Hewascaughtintherain.

B.Hefellintothewater.

C.Hesweatedheavily.

聽第8段材料,回答第U至13題。

11.Whatpartywillthewomanattend?

A.Ahouse-warmingparty.B.Abirthdayparty.C.Afarewellparty.

12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Neighbours.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.

13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomanbring?

A.HeriPad.B.Somebeer.C.Somejuice.

聽第9段材料,回答第14至16題。

14.Whendotheguysgotothebeach?

A.EverySaturdayafternoon.

B.LastAugust.

C.LastApril

15.Whatdotheydoatthebeach?

A.Doingbeachcleanups.B.Doingsometraining.C.Joiningashowprogram.

16.Wheredoesthewomanadvicethemantogo?

A.BeachCaptains.B.TheAquarium.C.SaturdayWarriors.

聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。

17.WhydidGrandpaPandettigotothevillage?

A.Tobuyamirror.B.Totradehisgoods.C.Tovisithisfamily.

18.WhatdidGrandpaPandettidowhenhereturnedhome?

A.Hehungthemirroronthewall.

B.Hetoldhisfamilyaboutthemirror.

C.Hemadedinnerforhimself.

19.WhatdidthePandettisdointheend?

A.Theysmiledwhenevertheylookedinthemirror.

B.Theytookthemirroroffthewall.

C.Theymadefriendswithstrangers.

20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Lifeinthemountains.B.ThePandettis5goods.C.Aspecialpresentforafamily.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromforyou,suchasjigsawpuzzles,puzzlebooksandmore.They

allhavesomethingincommon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.Herearefourofthemostcommon:

Wordpuzzles

Oneofthemostpopularwordpuzzles-thecrossword.Itcanbedonewithpaperandpenciloronline.

Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleis

calledawordsearch.

Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.Knowingthelanguagethatthegameisdesignedinisrequiredfor

success,however.

Mechanicalpuzzles

Mechanicalpuzzleshavepiecesthatmustbearrangedinsomeway.Theworld'sbest-sellingpuzzle,the

Rubik'sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.Asof2020,over450millionRubik'sCubeshadbeensold.

Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothiscategory.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoforma

picture.Jigsawpuzzleshavefromtwotoover550000pieces-thelargestoneonrecord.

Logicpuzzles

Figuringoutthesolutiontoalogicpuzzlerequirescarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.SudokuandMine

Finderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.InMineFinderplayersmustdeterminewheretheminesarehiddeninagrid.

Mathpuzzles

Mathpuzzlesinvolvenumbers,wordsorobjectsandtheuseofmath.Surprisingly,theever-popularCandy

Crushisclassifiedasamathpuzzle.Mathskillsarerequiredforplayerstosuccessfullymoveandmatchcolored

candies.

Therearemanyotherkindsofpuzzles.Butnomatterwhichyouprefer,puzzlesareagreatwaytoentertain.

1.Whatarethefourpuzzlessimilartoeachother?

A.Requiringtoomuchtimeandenergy.B.Examiningyourskillsorknowledge.

C.Requiringcarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.D.Knowingmuchknowledgeaboutalanguage.

2.Whichoneisclassifiedas“Logicpuzzle”?

A.MineFinder.B.TheRubik'sCube.C.Jigsawpuzzles.D.CandyCrush.

3.Inwhichsectioncanthetextbefoundinamagazine?

A.Languagestudy.B.Studyskills.C.Scienceexperiments.D.Entertainment.

【答案】l.B2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡要介紹了四種常見的解謎游戲。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theyallhavesomethingincommon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.(它

們都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn):它們測試你的技能或知識(shí))”可知,四種解謎游戲的共同之處在于:它們測試你的技能

或知識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理由窣題。根據(jù)Logicpuzzles中關(guān)鍵句uSudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.(數(shù)獨(dú)和

MineFinder都是邏輯謎題的例子)”可知,MineFinder是邏輯謎題。故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段uTherearemanyotherkindsofpuzzles.Butnomatterwhichyouprefer,puzzles

areagreatwaytoentertain.(還有許多其他類型的謎題。但無論你喜歡哪一種,謎題都是一種很好的娛樂方

式)”可知,解謎游戲是一種好的娛樂方式,所以本文會(huì)出現(xiàn)在雜志的“娛樂”板塊。故選D。

MaxDuwontheCanada-WideScienceFair.Hisprojectisadrone(無人機(jī))tosavepeoplewhogointocardiac

(心臟的)arrest.MaxgottheinspirationduringChristmasbreaklastyear."Igotatoydronefrommyparents,butI

couldn'tflyitbecauseitissnowy."Maxsaid.t4SoIplayedwithitathome,anditgotmethinkinghowadrone

couldbeusedasanindoorrobotthatcouldhelppeople.^^

About35,000peoplehavecardiacarrestsinCanadaeachyear.Mostofthosehappenoutsideofahospital,of

whomfewerthan10percentsurvive.Maxbelievedadronecouldofferfastersupportandlife-savingmedicine,but

hehadtobuildithimselftoknowforsure.

Testinghisdronetookaboutsixmonths.Max'sparentshadtodealwiththeirson'sconstantlyflyingand

crashinginthehome.EverytimeMaxwouldcreateanexcitinginnovation,suchasanextendablearm,itwouldadd

extraweighttohisdrone,causingittobreakapart.ThenMaxwouldhavetobuyallnewparts.Maxtestedusing

morelightweightmaterialsuntilhisdesignwasmorebalanced.

Throughtrialanderror,the14-year-oldboyfinallygotitright.Hisdronecanopenadoorhandle,flyintheair

andthenlandsoftlyontheground.Anewextendablearmcanbereleasedtoadministerashotorhandapatient

lifesavingmedicine.Abuilt-incameracoulddirectlyconferencewithanemergencyresponseteamwhosemembers

couldmonitorthepatientremotely.

Maxplansonapplyingforapatent(專利)sohecanmakeconnectionsinthehealth-careindustrytogetit

madeforreal.He'sspenthissummerlearningaboutartificialintelligenceatCalifornia^StanfordUniversityasone

of32kidsselectedworldwide.He'llheadnexttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatotakeacollege-levelrobotics

classbeforereturningtohighschoolinSeptember.

4.WhydidMaxDudesignadronebyhimself?

A.Hehadsympathyforthosewithheartattacks.

B.HehadnothingtodoinChristmasholidays.

C.Hewanteduseittohelphisparents.

D.Hetriedtomakeitflyinthesnow.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraphs2and3?

A.MostofthepeoplewithcardiacarrestsinCanadacansurvive.

B.Max'sparentswereunwillingtohelpduringhisdronedesign.

C.Ifsveryimportanttocontrolthebalanceofthedrone.

DMax'sdesignoftheextendablearmisverysmooth.

6.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Theinstructionsforusingthedrone.

B.Thereasonforapplyingforapatent.

C.TheprocessofMax'ssuccess.

D.Thefunctionsofthenewdrone.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMax?

A.Considerateandbrave.

B.Talentedandcreative.

C.Cleverandhonest.

D.Helpfulandloyal.

【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位14歲的少年設(shè)計(jì)用于救助心臟病人的無人機(jī)并因此獲獎(jiǎng)的故

事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第——段Max所說的話“SoIplayedwithitathome,anditgotmethinkinghowadronecould

beusedasanindoorrobotthatcouldhelppeople.(所以我在家里玩它,它讓我思考如何將無人機(jī)用作室內(nèi)機(jī)

器人去幫助人們)"和第二段"Maxbelievedadronecouldofferfastersupportandlife-savingmedicine,buthe

hadtobuildithimselftoknowforsure.(Max相信無人機(jī)可以提供更快的支持和救命的藥物,但他必須自己

制造出來才能確定)”可知,他的無人機(jī)是用來幫助心臟驟停的病人的,表明他很同情患有心臟病的人。故

選Ao

【5題詳解】

推理半U(xiǎn)斷題。由第三段“EverytimeMaxwouldcreateanexcitinginnovation,suchasanextendablearm,itwould

addextraweighttohisdrone,causingittobreakapart.ThenMaxwouldhavetobuyallnewparts.Maxtested

usingmorelightweightmaterialsuntilhisdesignwasmorebalanced.(每次Max倉4造一個(gè)令人興奮的創(chuàng)新時(shí),

比如一個(gè)可伸展的機(jī)械臂,就會(huì)給他的無人機(jī)增加額外的重量,導(dǎo)致它摔碎。Max不得不買新的零件。Max

使用更輕的材料進(jìn)行測試,直到他的設(shè)計(jì)更加平衡)”可知,可伸展的機(jī)械臂會(huì)給無人機(jī)增加額外的重量導(dǎo)

致它四分五裂。Max需要使用更輕的材料使他的設(shè)計(jì)更加平衡。由此可見,控制無人機(jī)的平衡是很重要的。

故選C。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀第四段“Throughtrialanderror,the14-year-oldboyfinallygotitright.Hisdronecanopena

doorhandle,flyintheairandthenlandsoftlyontheground.Anewextendablearmcanbereleasedtoadministera

shotorhandapatientlifesavingmedicine.Abuilt-incameracoulddirectlyconferencewithanemergencyresponse

teamwhosememberscouldmonitorthepatientremotely.(經(jīng)過反復(fù)試驗(yàn),這個(gè)14歲的男孩終于成功了。他的

無人機(jī)可以打開門把手,在空中飛行,然后輕輕地降落在地面上。一種新型的可伸縮手臂可以被釋放出來

進(jìn)行注射或遞給病人救命的藥物。內(nèi)置攝像頭可以直接與應(yīng)急小組進(jìn)行會(huì)議,其成員可以遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控病人)”

可知,本段的主要部分,即第二句到第四句都是介紹Max的無人機(jī)的功能。因此本段主要是關(guān)于無人機(jī)的

功能。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。由全文所說的Max自己設(shè)計(jì)救助心臟病人的無人機(jī)表明Max很有創(chuàng)造力,最后一段“He,s

spenthissummerlearningaboutartificialintelligenceatCalifornia'sStanfordUniversityasoneof32kids

selectedworldwide.He'llheadnexttotheUniversityofPennsylvaniatotakeacollege-levelroboticsclassbefore

returningtohighschoolinSeptember.(作為全球32名被選中的孩子之一,他整個(gè)夏天都在加州斯坦福大學(xué)

學(xué)習(xí)人工智能。接下來,他將前往賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)水平的機(jī)器人課程,然后在9月份返回高

中。)”說明Max在人工智能方面很有天賦,所以B選項(xiàng)“Talentedandcreative.(有天賦的并具有創(chuàng)造力

的)”符合題意。故選B。

C

Beingagoodparentrequiresprovidingachildwiththegiftsoflove,attention,energy,andresources

unstintinclYoveralongperiodoftime.Itinvolvesdevelopingasmallbody,butitalsoinvolvesgrowingachild's

soul.

Parentsareanenormouslypowerfulforceinthelivesofchildren.WhetherJohnnycanread,whetherJohnny

knowsrightfromwrong,whetherJohnnyisahappy,well-adjustedkid,orsadandself-destructive,hasawholelot

todowiththekindofparentingJohnnyhasreceived.IfJohnny'smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethrough

withlasting,lovingattention,thechancesarethatJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionate(富有

同情心的)person.Iftheyhavenot,Johnnyisintrouble.

ThirtyyearsagoChicagoprofessorJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmorein

determiningschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.Acrossawiderangeofsubjectareas,

inliterature,scienceandreading,Colemanestimatedthattheparentwastwiceaspowerfulastheschoolin

determiningachievementatagefourteen.PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix-year

studyof20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.Steinbergshowsthat

oneoutofthreeparentsis“seriouslydisengaged“fromhisorheradolescenfseducation,andthisistheprimary

reasonwhysomanyAmericanstudentsperformbelowtheirpotentialandbelowstudentsinotherrichcountries.

Aweightofevidencenowdemonstratesobviouslinksbetweenabsenteeparentsandawiderangeofbehavioral

andemotionalproblemsinchildren.A1997studyof90,000teenagers-theAddHealthProjectundertaken(承擔(dān))

bytheCarolinaPopulationCenterandtheTeenageHealthProgramattheUniversityofMinnesotafoundthat

youngstersarelesslikelytogetdepressed,usedrugsorbecomeinvolvedincrimewhentheyspentsignificanttime

withtheirparents.Thisstudyfoundthatthemerephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinner

andatbedtimesignificantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unstintingly“inParagraph1mean?

A.Absolutely.B.Obviously.C.Carefully.D.Generously.

9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?

A.Childrenshouldbetaughttobesuccessfulinlife.

B.Parents5characterhasadeepinfluenceonchildren.

C.Childrenareaffectedbymanyfactorsduringthegrowth.

D.Parentsshouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenaboutbehaviors.

10.WhafsthepurposeofLawrenceSteinberg'sresearch?

A.Toknowtheimportanceofparents'company.

B.Tofindoutwhytherearesomanyseriouscrimes.

C.Togetwaystopreventteenagers9badbehaviors.

D.Tofindlinksbetweenparents5educationandcrimes.

11.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsparents9companywithchildren?

A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Favorable.D.Unclear.

【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了父母的陪伴在孩子性格養(yǎng)成和品質(zhì)養(yǎng)成方面的重要性。

【8題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞的后文內(nèi)容“Itinvolvesdevelopingasmallbody,butitalsoinvolvesgrowinga

chikfssoul.(它涉及到一個(gè)小身體的發(fā)展,但它也涉及到一個(gè)孩子的靈魂的成長)”可知,養(yǎng)育孩子不僅是

讓孩子在身體上成長,還有靈魂的成長。由此推知,作為父母,應(yīng)該給予孩子在各個(gè)方面長期的、全方位

的關(guān)愛。結(jié)合語境,畫線單詞所在句將這些關(guān)愛比喻成"thegiftsoflove,attention,energy,andresources(愛、

關(guān)注、精力和資源的禮物)”,那么給予禮物的父母應(yīng)該是慷慨大方的父母。由此推知,畫線單詞unstintingly

可以理解為“慷慨地”,與選項(xiàng)D“Generously(慷慨地)”含義一致。故選D項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中"IfJohnny'smomanddadhavebeenabletocomethroughwithlasting,loving

attention,thechancesarethatJohnnyisontracktobecomeaproductive,compassionateperson.Iftheyhavenot,

Johnnyisintrouble.(如果Johnny的父母能夠給予持久、充滿愛意的關(guān)注,Johnny很有可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)富

有成效、富有同情心的人。如果他們沒有,Johnny就有麻煩了)”可知,Johnny的父母在其成長過程中是否

給予持久的關(guān)愛關(guān)系到他成人后的品行。由此可推知,父母的人格力量對孩子的影響巨大。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中^PsychologistLawrenceSteinberg,whorecentlycompletedasix-yearstudyof

20,000teenagersinninedifferentcommunities,confirmstheimportanceofparents.(心、理學(xué)家LawrenceSteinberg

最近完成了一項(xiàng)對9個(gè)不同社區(qū)的2萬名青少年進(jìn)行的為期6年的研究,證實(shí)了父母的重要性)”可知,他

的研究是對父母陪伴的重要性的驗(yàn)證。由此可推知,他研究的目的是了解父母陪伴的重要性。故選A項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知,作者在文章中引用了各種專家科研數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)論,比如第三段的

“ThirtyyearsagoChicagoprofessorJamesS.Colemanshowedthatparentalinvolvementmatteredfarmorein

determiningschoolsuccessthananyqualityoftheformaleducationsystem.(30年前,芝力口哥大學(xué)教授JamesS.

Coleman指出,在決定學(xué)校成功與否方面,父母的參與比正規(guī)教育體系的任何質(zhì)量都重要得多)”、第四段

的“Thisstudyfoundthatthemerephysicalpresenceofaparentinthehomeafterschool,atdinnerandatbedtime

significantlyreducestheincidenceofriskybehavioramongteenagers.(這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),僅僅是父母在放學(xué)后、

晚餐和就寢時(shí)間在場,就能顯著降低青少年危險(xiǎn)行為的發(fā)生率)”等內(nèi)容,都是用來證明“父母的陪伴對孩

子影響很大”這一論點(diǎn),即,這篇文章的中心論點(diǎn)。由此可推知,作者是支持父母陪伴孩子的。故選C項(xiàng)。

D

Akeypartofprotectingendangeredspeciesisfiguringoutwherethey5reliving.UsingenvironmentalDNA,

oreDNA,totrackspeciesisn'tnew.Forafewyearsnow,researchershavebeenusingDNAinwater.

Twoteamsofscientists-oneinDenmarkledbyDrKristineBohmannandoneintheUKledbyDrElizabeth

Clare-cameupwiththesamequestionataboutthesametime:Couldtheyidentifytheanimalsinanareafrom

DNAthatwassimplyfloatingintheair?DNAintheairisusuallysosmallthatitwouldtakeamicroscopetosee

it.”IthoughtthechancesofcollectinganimalDNAfromairwouldbeslimthoughmuchtimehadbeenspentonit,

butwemovedon,“saidBohmannwhowastryingtothinkofacrazyresearchideaforaDanishfoundationthat

fundsfar-outscience.

OneteamcollectedsamplesfromdifferentlocationsatDenmark'sCopenhagenZoo,andtheotheratHamerton

ZooParkintheUK.Clearly,theybothchosethezoos."WerealizedwehavetheCopenhagenZoo,“Bohmann

recalls.Infact,boththezoosintheUKandDenmarkwerealmostlikethezoosthatwerecustom-builtforthe

experiments:Theanimalsinthezooswerenon-native,sotheyreallystuckoutinDNAanalyses.a4Ifwedetecta

flamingo(火烈鳥),we'resureifsnotcomingfromanywhereelsebutthezoo,“Bohmannsays.

Inthelaboratory,bycomparingtheirsampleswithexamplesofDNAfromdifferentanimals,thescientists

succeededinidentifyingmanydifferentanimalsatthezoos.

Neitherteamknewthattheotherteamwasworkingonasimilarexperiment.Thetwowerenearingsubmission

toascientificjournalwhentheydiscoveredabouttheotherexperiment.Ratherthancompetetorushouta

publicationfirst,theygotintouchanddecidedtopublishtheirfindingsasapair.t4Weboththoughtthepapersare

strongertogether,saysClare.

“Thenextstepistofigureouthowtotakethismethodintonaturetotrackanimalsthatarehardtospot,

includingendangeredanimals,“saysBohmann.

12.WhatdidBohmanninitiallythinkoftheexperiment?

A.Itcouldbeafailure.B.Itwouldn'ttakelong.C.Itwasn'toriginal.D.Itwouldcostmuch.

13.WhydidthescientistslookforanimalDNAinthezoos?

A.Theyraisedmanyrareanimalsthere.B.Thezooswerespeciallybuiltforthem.

C.TheycouldcollectenoughanimalDNA.D.Theycouldrecognizeanimalsconfidently.

14.Howwasthetwoteams'relationshipwhentheylearnedofeachother'swork?

A.Competitive.B.Inseparable.C.Cooperative.D.Casual.

15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ResearchTeamsTestDNAinNatureB.DNAintheAirHelpsidentifyAnimals

C.DifferentZoosConductDNAStudiesD.eDNAProtectsEndangeredAnimals

【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了丹麥和英國的兩個(gè)科學(xué)家小組幾乎同時(shí)提出同樣的問題:

能否通過漂浮在空氣中的DNA來識(shí)別該地區(qū)的動(dòng)物?通過實(shí)驗(yàn),他們給出肯定的答案,這可以幫助科學(xué)

家追蹤難以發(fā)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)物,保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中""IthoughtthechancesofcollectinganimalDNAfromairwouldbeslim

thoughmuchtimehadbeenspentonit,butwemovedon,“saidBohmannwhowastryingtothinkofacrazy

researchideaforaDanishfoundationthatfundsfar-outscience/,我認(rèn)為從空氣中收集動(dòng)物DNA的可能性很

小,盡管已經(jīng)花了很多時(shí)間,但我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn),’Bohmann說,他正在為一家資助標(biāo)新立異科學(xué)的丹麥

基金會(huì)想出一個(gè)瘋狂的研究想法。)”可推知,Bohmann一開始認(rèn)為從空氣中收集動(dòng)物DNA的可能性很

小,由此推知,他一開始認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)可能會(huì)失敗。故選A。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Infact,boththezoosintheUKandDenmarkwerealmostlikethezoosthat

werecustom-builtfortheexperiments:Theanimalsinthezooswerenon-native,sotheyreallystuckoutinDNA

analyses.t4Ifwedetectaflamingo,we'resureifsnotcomingfromanywhereelsebutthezoo,“Bohmannsays.(事

實(shí)上,英國和丹麥的動(dòng)物園幾乎就像為實(shí)驗(yàn)定制的動(dòng)物園:動(dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物都不是本地的,所以它們在

DNA分析中真的很突出。'如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一只火烈鳥,我們肯定它不是來自動(dòng)物園以外的任何地

方,'Bohmann說)”可知,科學(xué)家在動(dòng)物園尋找DNA是因?yàn)閯?dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物不是本地動(dòng)物,這樣,如

果科學(xué)家根據(jù)空氣中的DNA識(shí)別出某種動(dòng)物如火烈鳥,它們就能確認(rèn)該動(dòng)物來自動(dòng)物園。因此,他們能

自信地識(shí)別動(dòng)物。故選D。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Neitherteamknewthattheotherteamwasworkingonasimilar

experiment.Thetwowerenearingsubmissiontoascientificjournalwhentheydiscoveredabouttheother

experiment.Ratherthancompetetorushoutapublicationfirst,theygotintouchanddecidedtopublishtheir

findingsasapair.ltWeboththoughtthepapersarestrongertogether,"saysClare.(兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)都不知道另一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)

也在做類似的實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),兩人正準(zhǔn)備向一份科學(xué)雜志投稿。他們沒有爭先恐后地

先發(fā)表一篇論文,而是聯(lián)系了一下,決定一起發(fā)表他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。克萊爾說:'我們都認(rèn)為論文放在一起

會(huì)更有說服力。')”可推知,當(dāng)兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)知道了彼此的研究工作后,決定兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作,共同發(fā)表這一

發(fā)現(xiàn);由此可知,兩個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是合作關(guān)系。故選C。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章文章第二段"Twoteamsofscientists一oneinDenmarkledbyDrKristineBohmann

andoneintheUKledbyDrElizabethClare-cameupwiththesamequestionataboutthesametime:Could

theyidentifytheanimalsinanareafromDNAthatwassimplyfloatingintheair?DNAintheairisusuallyso

smallthatitwouldtakeamicroscopetoseeit.(兩組科學(xué)家■組由丹麥的克里斯汀?伯曼博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo),另一

組由英國的伊麗莎白?克萊爾博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一一幾乎在同一時(shí)間提出了同樣的問題:他們能從漂浮在空氣中

的DNA中識(shí)別出某個(gè)地區(qū)的動(dòng)物嗎?空氣中的DNA通常很小,要用顯微鏡才能看到)”及下文內(nèi)容可

知,本文主要介紹了丹麥,英國兩組科學(xué)家利用動(dòng)物園空氣中的DNA幫助識(shí)別某地區(qū)的動(dòng)物,最后成功

了,這可以幫助追蹤和保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。B選項(xiàng)“空氣中的DNA有助于識(shí)別動(dòng)物”適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故

選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

HowtoTakeEffectiveNotesDuringLectures

Effectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwrite

downitskeywordsinyourownway.16

Prepareforthelectureinadvance.

Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.17Itcanhelpyoufocusonthe

difficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.

Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.

18Forexample,somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.

Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhile

studying.Youhavetofindthestyleworksbestforyou.

19

Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwritingwith

somesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththe

lecture.

Takedownkeypoints.

Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.20Thingslikekeyideas,definitions,and

descriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.Forexample,ifthelectureisbasedonaspecificbattlein

history,trytowritedownthedate,themajorcharactersinvolvedandtheoveralloutcomeofthestruggle.

A.Developyourshorthand.

B.Writequestionsasyouarelistening.

C.Skimmingthemwillwarmupyourbrain.

D.Everythingyoulearnmaybehelpfulinthefuture.

E.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentwaysofnote-taking.

F.Itmeansyouneedtofocusonthemostmeaningfulinformation.

G.Withthefollowingtips,youcanbecomeabetterlecturenote-taker.

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們有效的筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分,并講述了如何成為

一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。

【16題詳解】

上文uEffectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaand

writedownitskeywordsinyourownway.(有效的記筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分,它要求你掌握主

要思想,并用自己的方式寫下其中的關(guān)鍵詞。)”說明有效筆記的重要性,下文“Prepareforthelecturein

advance.(提前準(zhǔn)備講座。)"及"Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.(找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。)"及"Takedown

keypoints.(記下關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。)”說明如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者的方法,空格處承上啟下,告訴我

們通過下面的提示,可以成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。因此推斷G項(xiàng)“有了以下技巧,你就可以成

為一個(gè)更好的課堂筆記記錄者?!狈险Z境。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

上文aTeachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.(老師們在上課前分發(fā)講稿提綱。)”及

下文“Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetter

questionsinclass.(它可以幫助你專注于理解中遇到的困難,你將能夠在課堂上提出更好的問題。)”空格

處承上啟下,C項(xiàng)的“them”與上文“l(fā)ectures”一致,講的是同一話題,說明老師發(fā)完演講稿后應(yīng)該瀏

覽它們,這樣可以熱身。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“瀏覽它們會(huì)使你的大腦變得活躍起來。”符合語境,下文解釋

了這樣做的好處。故選C項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

上邊小標(biāo)題"Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.(找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。)"及下文"Forexample,somevisual

learnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords,andsome

mayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.(例如,一些視覺學(xué)習(xí)者可以繪制

某些形狀來表示重要概念。有些人喜歡寫單詞,有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候錄制一節(jié)課并聽它最有

幫助。)”空格處位于段首句承接下文,說明不同的人可能有不同的記筆記方式,下文具體解釋了這種

說法。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

下文“Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords,createaformoffastandbriefwriting

withsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththe

lecture.(不要寫完整的句子,甚至是完整的單詞,而是用一些符號(hào)或短語創(chuàng)造一種快速、簡短的寫作形

式,以便于記筆記。這將幫助你快速記筆記并跟上講座。)”說明如何速記,所以空處作為這一小段的標(biāo)

題,應(yīng)該概括主旨,A項(xiàng)“發(fā)展你的速記。”正好符合。故選A項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

上文"Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.(寫下講座的要點(diǎn)很重要。)”及下文

uThingslikekeyideas,definitions,anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.(關(guān)鍵想法、

定義和描述性短語可以幫助你記住主題。)”空格處承上啟下,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)的“It”與上文一致,講的是同一話

題,說明寫下要點(diǎn)很重要,下文緊接著說明了什么是重要信息。所以F"這意味著你需要專注于最有意義

的信息?!狈?。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Asanonlychild,NicoleRenaeoftenfeltlonelyinheryouth.Butthatallchangedwhensheturnedten.For

herbirthday,Renae'sgrandmother21herwithanadorablegray22namedChloe.

Fromtheverystart,thetwowere23.“Shewasmybestfriend,Renaesaid.EveryounceofloveRenae

gave,thelittledogreturnedtenfold.

ButwhenRenaewas14,herfather24anewjobthatcamewithashockingwarning:He'dbeworking

athome,andthehouseneededto25noisedisturbance.

“Chloewasverynoisy,Renaesaid."Iwasjus

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