河北省邯鄲市2024屆高三年級(jí)上冊第二次調(diào)研英語試卷(含答案)

河北省邯鄲市2024屆高三上學(xué)期第二次調(diào)研英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

SCHOOL&EDUCATIONALVISITS

TheOlympicMuseumhostsyoungstersaged4to18forthemedworkshops,school

outingsandtrips.

Programme-relatedschooltripsfrom5July,2023to30May,2024

TherearefourwaystovisittheOlympicMuseumwithyourclass:

?Guidedtour:Visitthepermanentexhibitionaccompaniedbyoneofouractivity

leaders.

Duration:90minutes

?Workshop+guidedtour:Themedtouroftheexhibition(permanentortemporary

dependingonthetopic)andworkshopintheGymorStudio(TOMeducationalareas),all

accompaniedbyanactivityleader.

Duration;2x45minutes

?Workshop+independentvisit(optional):Accompaniedbyanactivityleader,make

themostofathemedworkshopandextendyourOlympicexperiencebyvisitingthe

exhibitionsindependently.

Duration:45minutesfortheworkshop,unlimitedforanindependentvisit

?Independentvisit:Accesstoallexhibitionareasexcepteducationalareas.

Duration:unlimited

End-of-yearschooltripsfrom1Juneto30June,2024

?Workshop+independentvisit(optional):Accompaniedbyanactivityleader,make

themostofathemedworkshopandextendyourOlympicexperiencebyvisitingthe

exhibitionsindependently.

Duration:45minutesfortheworkshop,unlimitedforanindependentvisit

?Independentvisit:Accesstoallexhibitionareasexcepteducationalareas.

Duration:unlimited

Rates

-Studentsuptotheageof15;free

-Studentsaged16andover:$14

-Accompanyingadult(1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.):free

一Guidedtourandworkshopforschools/educationalgroups:freeofchargeforchildren

uptotheageof15,subjecttoavailability

Availabilities

Tuesday,ThursdayandFridayfrom9:15a,m,to4:15p.m.

1.Whencanyoutakepartinaguidedtourwithyourclass?

A.1July,2023.B.30June,2024.

C.31May,2024.D.5October,2023.

2.Howmuchshouldamotherpayforavisitwithhertwochildren,one8,one16?

A.$14.B.$28.C.$42.D.$56.

3.Whoarethetripsmainlydesignedfor?

A.Tourists.B.Students.C.Teachers.D.Parents.

“JohnCotter'sLosingMusicisapowerfuladditiontotheclassicmemoir（自傳）,“said

GretchenCheringtoninTheMillions.Thefirst-timeauthorhasastrangediseasethatcauses

severehearingloss,andCottershowswellhowdestructive（破壞f生的）theconditioncanbe.

Musicfirstbegandisappearing,thenthesoundoftheocean.Beginningwhenhewas30,a

ringinginhisearscameandwent,sometimesbecomingsoloudthatitwaspainful.Ashis

conditiongotworsesignificantly,hefoundhowthelossofnormalhearingseparatedhim

quicklyfromthewholeworldofpleasure."Thefeelingislikelosinglife'scolour.^^After

detailinghowhefellintocompletedespair,his"hard-hitting,beautiful,deep-going^^book

alsorevealshowhemanagedtorediscoveracertainsenseofsatisfactionagain.

“ThemostmemorablesectionsinLosingMusicareaboutCotter9sdailystruggles99said

LisaZeidnerinTheWashingtonPost.Asapoetandessayistwhowasworkingasapart-time

writingprofessorwhenhishearingtroublesbegan,heislyricalaboutsoundswetakefor

granted:rainbeatingwindows,old-fashionedheatinghissing（嘶嘶響），acatdrinkingwater.

Still,“hereserveshismostpassionatewritingformusic,“providingpoeticallyprecise

descriptionsofmuchofthemusichehasloved,andconnectingthelossofthoseexperiences

tothelonelinessofbeingdeaf.By33,hishearingwasgone.Hearingaidsandmedication

helpedbeginapartialimprovement.

“Cotterultimatelyfindsthebesthopeforalifewithoutmusic:togetrightwithsilence,"

saidMelissaHolbrookPiersoninTheWallStreetJournal.Therecanbenohappyendingina

bookabouthearingloss,butinwritingit,he"turneddifficultyintoquietsuccess.^^Losing

Musiccomesclosesttocapturingwhafsbehindmusic"bynearlybeingmusicitself?'Even

thoughhishearinghasfailedhim,"evidencethatCotter'searisstillkeenforthebeautiful

tuneoflanguagesingsfromeverypage.”

4.WhatdoweknowaboutCotterfromParagraph1?

A.LosingMusicishisfirstwork.B.Heknowswellabouthisillness.

C.Theringinginhisearswaslikemusic.D.Hedrivesawaylonelinessbywriting.

5.WhatimpressesLisaZeidnermostaboutCotterinLosingMusic?

A.Hiskeensenseofmusic.B.Hispositionasaprofessor.

C.Hisdailyhardshipandeffort.D.Hisdetailedstyleofwriting,

6.HowdoesCotterfinallydealwithhisillness?

A.Hetrieshisbesttocureit.B.Hecomestotermswithit.

C.Heignorestheinconvenienceofit.D.Hecollectsevidenceaboutit.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Adiaryentry.B.Abookreview.

C.Anewsreport.D.Abiography.

Whatyoubelieveinhasamagicwayofshapingyourreality.Theconceptof“youcan

becomewhatyoubelieve^^ismorethanjustamotivationalquote.Ifsatruththatstressesthe

remarkableinfluenceofyourmindset（心態(tài)）onyourjourneythroughlife.Attheheartofthis

idealiesthedistinctionbetweentwofundamentalmindsets:thegrowthmindsetandthefixed

mindset.

Thegrowthmindsetisamindsetthatembracestheideathatabilitiesandintelligencecan

bedevelopedthroughdevotion,effort,learning,andperseverance.Thosewithagrowth

mindsetgrowbetteronchallenges,viewingthemasopportunitiestolearnandimprove.

Effortisseenasapathtomastery,andsetbacksareviewedassteppingstonesonthejourney

tosuccess.Criticismistakenconstructivelyasachancetoimproveskills,andthesuccessof

othersservesasinspirationandablueprintforone'sownprogress.

Incontrast,thefixedmindsetischaracterizedbythebeliefthatyourabilities,intelligence,

andtalentsarefixedcharacteristicsthatcannotbechanged.Peoplewithafixedmindsettend

toavoidchallenges,fearingthatfailuremightrevealtheirlimitations.Theyavoidpushing

themselvesbecausetheyseeitasasignoftheirweakness.Criticismisfrequentlyinterpreted

asapersonalattack,andenvyorangercanbestirredupbyothers'achievement.Innature,a

fixedmindsetlimitsindividualstotheircurrentabilitiesandlimitstheirpotentialforgrowth.

Thepowerofagrowthmindsetliesinitscapacitytodrivepositivechange.Bybelieving

inthepotentialforgrowthandimprovement,individualsopenthemselvestoaworldof

possibilities."Ifyouimagineless,lesswillbewhatyou,undoubtedlydeserve.Dowhatyou

loveanddon'tstopuntilyougetwhatyoulove.Workashardasyoucan,andthinkbig,

“DebbieMillman,awriter,designer,educator,artistandbrandconsultantsaid.

8.Whatistheauthor9sargument?

A.People'smindsetsarediverse.B.One'sheartaffectsone'smindset.

C.Mindsetdetermineswhatonecanbe.D.Mindsetdependsonone'scharacter.

9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutthegrowthmindset?

A.Itslimitation.B.Itspossibility.

C.Itsdisadvantages,D.Itscharacteristics.

10.Whatwaydoestheauthorusetoillustratethetwodifferentmindsets?

A.Givingexamples.B.Makingcomparisons.

C.Conductinganalysis.D.Quotingfamoussayings.

11.WhatmightbeDebbieMillman'ssuggestion?

A.Thinkcarefullybeforeyouact.B.Imaginelessandpracticemore.

C.Staytruetoyourselfandneverchange.D.Pursueyourdreamsandnevergiveup.

ThecombinedquantityofwateronEarthhasvariedoverthecourseofourplanefs

geologicalhistory,anditstilldoes.

Today,Earthincludessome1,386millioncubickilometresofwater,avolumethat

includeswaterinoceans,lakesandrivers,plusgroundwater,vapourintheatmosphere,and

thefrozenwaterofglaciersandicecaps.OntheyoungEarth一somefourbillionyearsago

一vastquantitiesofwaterwereaddedtotheplanetbyice-containingcomets（amassofice

anddustthatmovesaroundthesunandlookslikeabrightstarwithatail）thatstruckus,

eventuallymakingourworlda"blueplanet".Butsucheventsbecameincreasinglyrarein

Earth'smorerecenthistory,andtodayweareinanageduringwhichEarthislosingwater.

Thewaterlossisduetothefactthatparticles（微粒）sometimesescapeEarth'sgravityto

travelintospace.Thisisparticularlytrueofthelighthydrogenatomsthatformpartofwater

molecules（分子）togetherwithoxygen.Everytimetheatmosphereloseshydrogen,welose

oneofthebuildingblocksofwater.ScientistsestimatethatEarthlosesabout3kgofhydrogen

persecond.Atthispace,Earthwouldrunoutofwaterinthreebillionyears一butthat

assumesthatwedon'tgetanynewwatersupplies.

Newwaterneednotcomefromspace一itmightcomefromtheinsideoftheEarth.At

depthsbelow50km,mineralscontainwaterthatisnotreckonedwithinthewatercycle.Some

ofitdatesbacktoEarth'sformation;therestispartofslowgeologicalexchangebetweenthe

planefslayers.WhenEarth'splatessinkandmelt,deepmineralscanreleasethesebound

watermoleculessothattheycansubsequentlyrisetothesurfaceviavolcaniceruptions,

addingtotheplanefsoverallwaterresources.

12.HowdidEarthbecomea“blueplanef9ingeologicaltime?

A.BygettingwaterfromcometsB.Bymakinguseofglaciers.

C.Byreleasingitsinsidewater.D.Bystoringwaterintheocean.

13.Whatisthescientists9attitudetowardsthewaterlossonEarth?

A.Serious.B.Regretful.C.Uncertain.D.Unworried.

14.Theunderlinedword"reckoned“inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto"

A.lockedB.displayedC.countedD.marked

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhereCanWaterBeStored?B.CouldEarthRunOutofWater?

C.HowCanNewWaterBeFound?D.WillThereBeMoreWateronEarth?

二、七選五

16.Readingtheroomgivesyouanedge-nomatterwhoyou'retalkingto

Whafsthedifferencebetweenasuccessfulpresentationandanot-so-successfulone?

Skilledpublicspeakersaren'tjustgoodatputtingwordstogether.①Thatskill

doesn'tjustmakepeoplegoodatpublicspeaking.It'shelpfulinallkindsofsituations-

whetherinaone-on-onemeetingoranetworkingevent.Hereareseveraltechniquesyoucan

practicetogetbetteratreadingtheroom.

Askforfeedback.Youdon'thavetowaituntiltheconversationisovertofindouthowit

went.②Forexample,aftercoveringacomplextopic,pauseandaskyour

listenersifit'sokaytocontinue.Ifyou'relosingtheirattention,letthemtakeaquickbreak.

Don'tforgetaboutbasicneeds.Eventhemostimpressivespeakerwon'tkeepan

audienceengagedifthey'rehungryortired.Ifyourlistenersaredisengaged,offerthema

break-orendthesessionearly.(3)

Learntoreadunspokenimplication.Whatarepeopledoingwhileyou'respeaking?Are

theysighing,rollingtheireyesorsmiling?(4)Sometimes,thesegesturesmight

includeobjects,likecellphonesortappingpencils.Ifyouseeanyofthese,don'tstepoverit.

Saysomethinglike,"Uh-oh-Iseeeveryone9scheckingtheirphones.DidIloseyou,orisit

lunchtime?"

⑤Noskillcanbegoteasily.Skillsofreadingtheroomalsorequiresome

trainingtoacquire.Youcanworkwithafriendorcoachtobuildyourself-awareness.This

skillcanmakeyouamoreconfidentandeffectivespeaker.

Whenyoulearntosuccessfullyreadtheroom,youandyouraudiencegetmoreoutof

yourconversation.Readingtheroomhelpsyouadjustinrealtimetomakesure

communicationisclear.

A.Theyknowhowtoreadtheroom.

B.Learningtoreadtheroomtakespractice.

C.Asksomeoneelsetoremindyouofthesituation.

D.Thesecanindicatehowthey9rereceivinginformation.

E.Instead,youcangetthefeedbackfromthelisteners9expression.

F.There9snopointinstickingitoutifyouraudiencehavelosttheirfocus.

GYoucancheckinperiodicallytomakesureyouhaven'tlostyouraudience.

三、完形填空（15空）

JanetKellyandherhusband,DaQuanDavis,wereoutshoppingoneafternoonwhen

DaQuan'sbrother,Demetrius,calledinapanic.Somechildrenplayingwithalighterinthe

downstairsapartment]afire,andthewholehousewasonfire.2,Janefstwo

youngestchildrenwerestillinside.Butwhentheygotback,theylearnedthattheirchildren

were3.

ThafswhenJanet4thattheirdog,namedBlue,hadplayedabigrolein5

theiryoungestdaughter.Demetrius6theolderoneofthetwochildrenoutfirst,but

whenhe7fortheyoungerone,thesmokewas8andthingswerefallingall

aroundhim,Bluehad9Demetriusoutside,andthenheranbackintothehouseforthe

youngerchild.“Hewascirclingaroundmydaughterand10,Firefightersarrivedin

minutes.TheyfollowedBlue'ssoundsto11thechild,“Janetsaid.

Thefamilywereespecially12toBlue."He'sthesweetestdog,“Janetsaid."Blue

willbarkatstrangers,butonceheknowsyou'reOK,he'lldropontohisbackforbellyrubs."

Bluehasclearlybeenaffectedbythe13andhenowbarkswheneverheseescandlesor

someonelightingacigarette.14,Bluehasbecomeabitofa15forthefamily.

Blue,you'retheultimategoodboy

17.A.foundB.startedC.foughtD.stopped

18.A.AsaresultB.InadditionC.OnthecontraryD.Worsestill

19.A.safeB.healthyC.panicD.hungry

20.A.assumedB.learnedC.decidedD.predicted

21.A.rescuingB.persuadingC.contactingD.adopting

22.A.orderedB.tookC.pickedD.pointed

23.A.lookedoutB.maderoomC.wentbackD.broughtfood

24.A.goneB.mildC.detectableD.thick

25.A.checkedB.threwC.followedD.cheated

26.A.staringB.prayingC.listeningD.barking

27.A.wakeB.locateC.comfortD.direct

28.A.gratefulB.rudeC.familiarD.generous

29.A.newsB.incidentC.conflictD.change

30.A.SimilarlyB.OccasionallyC.ApparentlyD.Surprisingly

31.A.babysitterB.housekeeperC.manservantD.firefighter

四、短文填空

32.TaiChiisdefinitelypartofthelifeinHandan.Earlymorningwalksare①

(reward)withhighqualityYangTaiChibeingperformedallovertheplace.

EachmorningononeofHandan'smain②(square),onlyafewminutes9walk

fromtheJinanHotel,largegroupsofTaiChipractitionersgather?(study)witha

varietyofteachers.ThequalityoftheTaiChiisreallygood.Acrosstheroadisthemainpark

ofHandan,with④(it)rebuilthistoricbuildingsfromtheWarringPeriod.The

parkisgreattowanderthrough.

Againtherearepeopleeverywhere?(perform)TaiChiinthemornings,big

groupsaroundteachers,andindividuals?(elegant)practicing.Thequalityoften

lookedveryhigh,andaspeoplewalkedpast,I'dnotetheirposture(姿勢)andstride(步態(tài))

andwonder?madethemsogoodatTaiChi.

Aseven-yuantaxiridecangetyoutoanyof?otherparks,allofwhichseem

tobewellusedinthemornings.Inanotherpark,I⑨(spot)agroupofwomen

practicingswordformsandtheywerebeautifultowatch.Therewasalsoasmallergroupof

peopleonawoodenplatformnext?alake,andtheirTaiChiwasmoreelegant

againsttheclearwater.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.假定你是李華，你班上的留學(xué)生Tom想從集體宿舍搬到獨(dú)立的公寓里。請你給他

寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示理解；

2,提出相反建議及理由；

3.表達(dá)希望。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearTom,

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

Icalledmyhusband,Larry,sayingthatweweregoingtotheoperaagain.

Thejokewas,thelasttimeImadehimgo,hefellasleep.EvenIhadtoadmititwasa

boringproduction.Butwhensomeonegaveusticketstotheall-timefavouriteCarmen,I

reallythoughthemightenjoyit.Whenhenoddedoffagain,Ilethimsleep.Ionlywokehim

whenhissnoringbecamelouderthantheperformance.

LarryandIhavealwayshadourbasicvaluesincommon,butourinterestsareasfar

apartas,well,operaandhockey（冰球）.Ilovethearts,andhe'sahugesportsfan.Hisbig

passionisNHLhockey.He'ssharedseasonticketswithhisfriendsforyears.Butifhe

wantedmetogowithhim,wewent.

Weattendedthegameswithothercouples.Therestofourgroupwereenthusiasticabout

thegames,eventhewomen.Theyknewalltheplayersandhowtopronouncetheirfour-

syllablenames.

Ienjoyedparticipatinginthenationalanthem;butthatwastheonlythingIenjoyedabout

ourhockeynights.Insteadofappreciatingthegoodseatswehad,I'dcomplain,C6Ifscoldin

here!^^Myhusbandwouldoffermehisjacket,butIwouldn'ttakeit.Whenthegamestarted,

myphonewouldbeonmylap.Mostofthetime,I'dbetextingordaydreaming.Sometimes,

mytextingwouldbeinterruptedwhenthehometeamscored.Iknewtheyscoredbecause

everyonejumpedupandexchangedhigh-fivesandfistbumps.

Whatwassoexcitingaboutagroupofgrownmenonicehittingsomethingwithastick?

Itwasbeyondme.Istartedtowonder.WhywasItheonlyonenotenjoyingmyself?WouldI

actuallylikethissportifIgaveitachance?WhatifItriedtochangemyattitude?AsIlooked

aroundatthousandsofpeoplecheeringandgettingincreasinglyexcited,Idecidedtoatleast

giveitatry-formyhusband'ssake,ifnotformyown.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Soon1gottoknowtheteam,therulesandtheexcitementofscoring.

Onmybirthday,hesuddenlyannounced,'Tmtakingyoutotheopera.

參考答案

1.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Programme-relatedschooltripsfrom5July,2023to30

May,2024（2023年7月5日至2024年5月30日期間與項(xiàng)目相關(guān)的學(xué)校旅行）”可知，它

的活動(dòng)時(shí)間是從2023年7月5日至U2024年5月30日。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，2023年

10月5日包含在其中。故選D。

2.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Rates部分中“一Studentsuptotheageof15;free（15歲以下學(xué)

生免費(fèi)）"；'—Studentsaged16andover:$14（16歲及以上學(xué)生$14）”以及“一

Accompanyingadult（1for1-10students,2for11-20students,etc.）:free（成人陪同（1-10

人1人，n—20人2人等）：免費(fèi)）”可知，8歲的孩子免費(fèi)，16歲的孩子要付$14,一

個(gè)家長作為陪同可以免費(fèi)，所以這個(gè)母親需要付14美元。故選A。

3.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)兩個(gè)博物館參觀項(xiàng)目的名字“Programme-relatedschooltrips

from5July,2023to30May,2024（2023年7月5日至2024年5月30日期間與項(xiàng)目相關(guān)

的學(xué)校旅行）"和"End-of-yearschooltripsfrom1Juneto30June,2024（2024年6月1日至

6月30日的年終學(xué)校旅行）”可知，這兩個(gè)博物館的參觀項(xiàng)目都是針對(duì)學(xué)校的，再結(jié)合文

章標(biāo)題“SCHOOLEDUCATIONALVISITS（學(xué)校及教育參觀）”可推知，這兩個(gè)博

物館參觀項(xiàng)目主要是為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的。故選B。

4.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“"JohnCotter'sLos沅gMMS/Cisapowerfuladditionto

theclassicmemoir（自傳）,“saidGretchenCheringtoninTheMillions.Thefirst-timeauthor

hasastrangediseasethatcausesseverehearingloss（“約翰?科特的《失落的音樂》是對(duì)經(jīng)

典回憶錄的有力補(bǔ)充，”格雷琴?切靈頓在《數(shù)百萬人》中說。首次當(dāng)作者，他患有一

種奇怪的疾病，導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重聽力損失）”可知，科特是第一次寫作，所以LosingMusic這

本書是他的第一部作品。故選A。

5.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“'ThemostmemorablesectionsinLosingMusicare

aboutCotter'sdailystruggles/saidLisaZeidner（“《失去音樂》中最令人難忘的部分是關(guān)

于科特日常生活中的奮斗掙扎。''麗莎?蔡德納說）”可知，這本書中使LisaZeidner印象

最深的是科特日常的艱辛和努力。故選C。

6.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Cotterultimatelyfindsthebesthopeforalife

withoutmusic:togetrightwithsilence（科特最終為沒有音樂的生活找到了最好的希望:在

沉默中適應(yīng)了）”可知，科特適應(yīng)了這種無聲的生活，并從中找到希望。cometoterms

with...（接受或適應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀）符合題意。故選B。

7.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。本文引用三個(gè)人（GretchenCherington;LisaZeidner;Melissa

HolbrookPierson）對(duì)科特的書LosingMusic的評(píng)論，介紹了這本書的背景，主要內(nèi)容以

及吸引人的地方。由此可推知，這是一篇書評(píng)。故選B。

8.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theconceptof"youcanbecomewhatyoubelieve5is

morethanjustamotivationalquote.Ifsatruththatstressestheremarkableinfluenceofyour

mindset（心態(tài)）onyourjourneythroughlife.（‘你能成為你相信的人'這句話不僅僅是一句

勵(lì)志名言。這是一個(gè)真理，強(qiáng)調(diào)你的心態(tài)對(duì)你的人生旅程的顯著影響。）”可知，作者

論點(diǎn)是心態(tài)決定一個(gè)人能成為什么樣的人。故選C項(xiàng)。

9.答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thegrowthmindsetisamindsetthatembracesthe

ideathatabilitiesandintelligencecanbedevelopedthroughdevotion,effort,learning,and

perseverance.Thosewithagrowthmindsetgrowbetteronchallenges,viewingthemas

opportunitiestolearnandimprove.（成長型心態(tài)是一種心態(tài)，它認(rèn)為能力和智力可以通

過投入、努力、學(xué)習(xí)和堅(jiān)持來發(fā)展。那些有成長型心態(tài)的人在挑戰(zhàn)中成長得更好，把

它們視為學(xué)習(xí)和提高的機(jī)會(huì)。）”可知，本段主要討論了成長型心態(tài)的特征。故選D

項(xiàng)。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thegrowthmindsetisamindsetthatembracesthe

ideathatabilitiesandintelligencecanbedevelopedthroughdevotion,effort,learning,and

perseverance.（成長心態(tài)是一種心態(tài)，它認(rèn)為能力和智力可以通過投入、努力、學(xué)習(xí)和

堅(jiān)持來發(fā)展。）"第三段中"Incontrast,thefixedmindsetischaracterizedbythebeliefthat

yourabilities,intelligence,andtalentsarefixedcharacteristicsthatcannotbechanged.（與止匕

相反，固定型心態(tài)的特點(diǎn)是相信你的能力、智力和天賦是固定的特征，不能改變。）”

可知，作者利用對(duì)比的方式比較了兩種不同心態(tài)的差異。故選B項(xiàng)。

11.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Dowhatyouloveanddon'tstopuntilyougetwhat

youlove.（做你喜歡的事，在得到你喜歡的東西之前不要停止。）“可知，Debbie

Millman建議，做自己喜歡的事，追求夢想，永不放棄。故選D項(xiàng)。

12.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"OntheyoungEarth-somefourbillionyears

ago—vastquantitiesofwaterwereaddedtotheplanetbyice-containingcomets（amassof

iceanddustthatmovesaroundthesunandlookslikeabrightstarwithatail）thatstruckus,

eventuallymakingourworlda"blueplanet”.（大約40億年前，在年輕的地球上，含有冰

的彗星（圍繞太陽運(yùn)行的一團(tuán)冰和塵埃，看起來像一顆有尾巴的明亮恒星）撞擊了我

們，給地球增加了大量的水，最終使我們的世界成為一個(gè)“藍(lán)色星球”）”可知，地球是

通過從彗星上獲取水在地質(zhì)時(shí)代成為“藍(lán)色星球”的。故選A。

13.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的"butthatassumesthatwedon'tgetany

newwatersupplies（但這是假設(shè)我們沒有得到任何新的水供應(yīng)）”和第四段第一句“New

waterneednotcomefromspace一itmightcomefromtheinsideoftheEarth.（新的水不一

定來自太空一它可能來自地球內(nèi)部）”可推知，科學(xué)家對(duì)地球上的水分流失并不擔(dān)

憂。故選D。

14.答案：C

解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Newwaterneednotcomefromspace一itmight

comefromtheinsideoftheEarth.（新的水不一定來自太空它可能來自地球內(nèi)部）”和

下文“SomeofitdatesbacktoEarth'sformation;therestispartofslowgeologicalexchange

betweentheplanefslayers.（其中一些可以追溯到地球形成的時(shí)候；剩下的部分是地球各

層之間緩慢的地質(zhì)交換）”可知，此處是指在50公里以下的深度，礦物質(zhì)中含有的水不

屬于水循環(huán)。由此可知，劃線詞reckoned與counted"包括”意思一致。故選C。

15.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"ThecombinedquantityofwateronEarthhasvariedover

thecourseofourplanefsgeologicalhistory,anditstilldoes.（在地球的地質(zhì)歷史過程中，

地球上的總水量一直在變化，現(xiàn)在仍然如此）”，第二段最后一句"Butsuchevents

becameincreasinglyrareinEarth'smorerecenthistory,andtodayweareinanageduring

whichEarthislosingwater.（但這樣的事件在地球近代史上變得越來越罕見，今天我們正

處于地球失去水的時(shí)代）”，第三段最后一句"Atthispace,Earthwouldrunoutofwaterin

threebillionyears——butthatassumesthatwedon'tgetanynewwatersupplies.（按照這個(gè)速

度，地球上的水將在30億年內(nèi)耗盡——但這是假設(shè)我們沒有得到任何新的水供

應(yīng)。）“，最后一段第一句"Newwaterneednotcomefromspace一itmightcomefromthe

insideoftheEarth.（新的水不一定來自太空—它可能來自地球內(nèi)部廣和最后一句“When

Earth'splatessinkandmelt,deepmineralscanreleasetheseboundwatermoleculessothat

theycansubsequentlyrisetothesurfaceviavolcaniceruptions,addingtotheplanefsoverall

waterresources.（當(dāng)?shù)厍虬鍓K下沉和融化時(shí)，深層礦物質(zhì)可以釋放這些結(jié)合水分子，這

樣它們就可以通過火山爆發(fā)上升到地表，增加地球的整體水資源）”可知，文章主要是

講雖然地球現(xiàn)在正處于失去水的時(shí)期，但是由于可以從地球內(nèi)部得到水資源的補(bǔ)充，

地球上的水并不會(huì)耗盡。由此可知，CouldEarthRunOutofWater?（地球上的水會(huì)枯竭

嗎？）適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

16.答案：①-⑤AGFDB

解析：①根據(jù)上文"Skilledpublicspeakersaren'tjustgoodatputtingwordstogether.（有技

巧的公眾演說家不只是擅長遣詞造句）”可知，有技巧的公眾演說家還有更多的技能，A

項(xiàng)“Theyknowhowtoreadtheroom.（他們知道怎么觀察周圍環(huán)境，了解在場人的情緒和

態(tài)度）”承接上文，介紹了他們的另一項(xiàng)技能：readtheroom（察言觀色），上下文語意連

貫。故選A項(xiàng)。

②上文“Youdon'thavetowaituntiltheconversationisovertofindouthowitwent.（你不必

等到談話結(jié)束就可以知道進(jìn)展如何）”提出了解情況不一定要等到談話結(jié)束，G項(xiàng)“You

cancheckinperiodicallytomakesureyouhaven'tlostyouraudience.（你可以定期檢查以確

保你沒有失去你的聽眾）”承接上文，說明在談話過程中就可以查看聽眾的情況，下文

“Forexample,aftercoveringacomplextopic,pauseandaskyourlistenersififsokayto

continue.（例如，在談到一個(gè)復(fù)雜的話題后，停下來問聽眾是否可以繼續(xù)）”對(duì)此進(jìn)行了

舉例說明，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。

③上文“Ifyourlistenersaredisengaged,offerthemabreak-orendthesessionearly.（如果你

的聽眾心不在焉，讓他們休息一下，或者提前結(jié)束演講）”提出可以提前結(jié)束演講，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)

“There'snopointinstickingitoutifyouraudiencehavelosttheirfocus.（如果你的聽眾已經(jīng)

失去了注意力，那么堅(jiān)持下去就沒有意義了）”進(jìn)一步說明原因，句中“l(fā)osttheirfocus”與

上文“disengaged”相照應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。

④上文“Whatarepeopledoingwhileyou'respeaking?Aretheysighing,rollingtheireyesor

smiling?（你說話的時(shí)候別人在干什么？他們是在嘆息、翻白眼還是在微笑？）”提出演

講時(shí)觀察觀眾的反應(yīng)，D項(xiàng)“Thesecanindicatehowthey5rereceivinginfbrmation.（這些可

以表明它們是如何接收信息的）”說明觀察這些反應(yīng)的意義，句中指示代詞“These”指代

上文中“Whatarepeopledoing"和"sighing,rollingtheireyesorsmiling^^。故選D項(xiàng)。

⑤設(shè)空句是段首小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Noskillcanbegoteasily.Skillsofreadingtheroom

alsorequiresometrainingtoacquire.Youcanworkwithafriendorcoachtobuildyourself-

awareness.Thisskillcanmakeyouamoreconfidentandeffectivespeaker.（沒有一項(xiàng)技能可

以輕易獲得。察言觀色的技巧也需要一些訓(xùn)練來獲得。你可以和朋友或教練一起建立

你的自我意識(shí)。這個(gè)技巧可以讓你成為一個(gè)更自信、更有效的演講者）”可知，本段主

要講學(xué)習(xí)察言觀色需要練習(xí)，所以B項(xiàng)“Learningtoreadtheroomtakespractice］學(xué)會(huì)察

言觀色需要練習(xí)）”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

17.答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一些孩子在樓下的公寓里玩打火機(jī)，引起了火災(zāi)，

整個(gè)房子都著火了。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.started開始，啟動(dòng)；C.fought斗爭；D.stopped

停止。由下文“thewholehousewasonfire”可知，房子著火了，這說明在樓下公寓里玩

打火機(jī)的孩子們點(diǎn)火了，startafire意為“點(diǎn)火，生火"，故選B。

18.答案：D

解析：考查短語詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，珍妮特最小的兩個(gè)孩子還在里面。A.

Asaresult結(jié)果；B.Inaddition此外;C.Onthecontrary相反;D.Worsestill更糟糕的

是。由下文“Janefstwoyoungestchildrenwerestillinside.”可知，珍妮特最小的兩個(gè)孩子

還在著火的公寓里面，這是糟糕的事情。故選D。

19.答案：A

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他們回來的時(shí)候，他們知道他們的孩子是安

全的。A.safe安全的；B.healthy健康的；C.panic恐慌的；D.hungry饑餓的。他們的

兩個(gè)孩子都得救了，所以此處指孩子事實(shí)安全的，故選A。

20.答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，珍妮特得知他們的狗一布魯，在拯救

他們最小的女兒的過程中扮演了重要的角色。A.assumed認(rèn)為；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)，得

知；C.decided決定；D.predicted預(yù)測。他們的狗在拯救他們最小的女兒的過程中扮

演了重要的角色，這是珍妮特所得知的事情，故選B。

21.答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，珍妮特得知他們的狗一布魯，在拯救

他們最小的女兒的過程中扮演了重要的角色。A.rescuing救助；B.persuading勸說；C.

contacting聯(lián)系；D.adopting采取。消防員循著狗狗布魯?shù)穆曇粽业搅吮焕?/p>