新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)53課教材

Lesson53Hotsnake單詞學(xué)習(xí)hot fireman cause examine accidentally remains windwire volt powerline solve mystery snatch spark

adj.帶電的，通電的n.消防隊(duì)員v.引起；n.原因v.檢查adv.意外地，偶然地n.尸體，殘骸v.纏繞n.電線(xiàn)n.伏特（電壓?jiǎn)挝唬╇娏€(xiàn)v.解決n.謎v.抓住n.電火花★hotadj

1）熱的，炎熱的Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵.hot炎熱的warm溫暖的

cool涼爽的chilly寒冷的

cold寒冷的,嚴(yán)寒的2）調(diào)味品辣的辣椒和芥末是辣的.Pepperandmustardarehot.3）強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的,熱烈的.haveahottemper脾氣暴躁ahotpotato棘手或討厭的事物或情況1.★hotadj.帶電的,充電的adj.熱的；新鮮的；棘手的；帶電的,充電的hot-hot-hot麻辣燙；hot-wings辣雞翅；hotdog熱狗hot-tempered火暴(脾氣)的tempern.脾氣

hotline熱線(xiàn)；hottopic熱門(mén)話(huà)題Itsellslikeahotcake/cakes.表示一個(gè)東西的暢銷(xiāo),熱銷(xiāo)bestseller暢銷(xiāo)的東西hotpotato棘手的問(wèn)題hotnews最熱點(diǎn)的新聞★firemann消防隊(duì)員hydrant[`haidr?nt]n.消防栓fireextinguisher滅火器

Extinguish[ik`sti?gwi?]＝putout滅火★cause1）V.引起causesth:引起（麻煩）粗心導(dǎo)致事故Carelessnesscausesaccidents.驕傲使人失敗Pridecausesfailurecausesbtodosth

引起某人做某事,導(dǎo)致某人做某事2）n.原因

cause:強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的直接原因(一個(gè))reason:其他各種的理由(很多個(gè))Thecauseofsth

……的起因Thereasonforsth

……的理由★examine1）v.仔細(xì)觀察,檢查,調(diào)查消防隊(duì)員檢查了森林的每一寸土地。Thefirefightersexaminedeveryinchoftheforest.2）v.診查醫(yī)生仔細(xì)的診察了病人。Thedoctorexaminedhispatientcarefully3）v.考試,測(cè)試examinestudentsinEnglish

n.exam考試=examination★accidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地

adj.accidental意外的,偶然的

反義詞intentional意外死亡anaccidentaldeathaccident

n.事故,意外車(chē)禍acaraccidentAccidentally=bychance=byaccident我偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)了金礦Ifoundagoldminebyaccident.★remains1）n.剩余物,殘余物

殘湯剩飯theremainsofameal2）n.(古建筑等物)遺址,廢墟

圓明園遺址theremainsofYuanmingyuan3）n.遺體,遺骸

毛主席的遺體被保存在水晶棺材里。TheremainsofChairmanMaowerekeptwellinacrystalcoffin.remain1）v.留下,剩下,遺留大火之后，我的房子里什么也沒(méi)剩下。Afterthefire,nothingremainedinmyhouse.要做的事還很多。Muchremainstobedone.

木已成舟What’sdoneisdone.2）v.仍是,保持不變他保持沉默。Heremainedsilent.★wiren.金屬線(xiàn)，電線(xiàn)

他用一根金屬線(xiàn)把筐綁到了自行車(chē)上。Hetiedabaskettothebicyclewithapieceofwire.telephonewires電話(huà)線(xiàn)Electricwires電線(xiàn)wirelessadj.無(wú)線(xiàn)的

wirelesstelegraphy無(wú)線(xiàn)電報(bào)★voltn.伏特voltagen.電壓,伏特?cái)?shù)★power1）電力，動(dòng)力

electricpower電力waterpower水力2）力,能力

（自然的體力、智力）Hispower

isfailing.他的體力在衰退。3）權(quán)力,支配力,勢(shì)力

politicalpower政治權(quán)力notwithinone’spower=beyondone’spower力所不能及我無(wú)法理解計(jì)算機(jī)是如何工作的。Itisbeyondmypowertounderstandhowthecomputerworks.solvev.解決,解答,回答

=workout解決問(wèn)題solveaproblem解開(kāi)謎團(tuán)solveamystery我們必須解決經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。Wemustsolvetheeconomiccrisis.

n.solution解決,解答花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才找出解決方法。Ittookalongtimetofindthesolutionsnatch1）v.搶,奪,掠取

snatchup抓起來(lái)賊把她的包抓起來(lái)逃跑了。Thethiefsnatchedherbagandranaway.在他媽媽剛要看那張紙的時(shí)候，他把它奪走了。Hesnatchedthepaperashismotherwasabouttoseeit.2）v.(趁機(jī))迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完飯

他出其不意,吻了她一下。Hesnathedakissfromher.辨析snatch迅速而有力(粗魯?shù)?抓住,搶

snatchachancegrab抓,搶,搶奪,抓住(熱切而拼命地)grabsthfromsb/grabsthfromsth

grasp1)抓住或咬住,抓緊

graspachance抓住機(jī)會(huì)

2)掌握

graspalanguagehold抓住,握住,托住

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：have/hasbeen+doing含義：1）表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。2）表示在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別Ihavebeenwritingabook.我一直在寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）Ihavewrittenabook.我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)。（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成）與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的聯(lián)系Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。課文講解AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.Forestfiresareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.Yesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindanybrokenglass.Theywerealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnotstartthefire.Thismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.Henoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.Inthisway,hewasabletosolvethemystery.Theexplanationwassimplebutveryunusual.Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires.Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthewires.Whenitdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire.AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.atlast最后，終于，過(guò)程很艱難。他們終于翻過(guò)了這座大山。Atlasttheyclimbedoverthemountain．California=GoldenState黃金州putout撲滅，熄滅，關(guān)掉請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉。Pleaseputthelightout.Makeafire

生火Startafire引起火災(zāi)Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.sincethen從那時(shí)起，到現(xiàn)在為止findout（經(jīng)過(guò)研究、努力等）找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出……我會(huì)試著查出昨天救了我的人的名字。I’lltryandfindoutthenameofthepersonwhosavedmylifeyesterday.Forestfiresareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.cigaretteends煙頭Throwaway扔掉，丟棄Throwabout隨處扔Throwat扔向（有目標(biāo)性）Throwto扔向（無(wú)目標(biāo)性）

Yesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindanybrokenglass.beableto能夠；benotableto沒(méi)有能夠Theywerealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnotstartthefire.besurethat對(duì)……很有把握；quitesure相當(dāng)?shù)陌盐招詒atheradv.相當(dāng)fairlyadv.相當(dāng),公正地,誠(chéng)實(shí)地quite(＝completely)－>rather－>fairly程度一個(gè)比一個(gè)輕quiteafew頗有幾個(gè)(相當(dāng)多的)startafire＝causeafirestartvt.使……發(fā)生，引起Thismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.However與but區(qū)別：However要接逗號(hào)，再加句子。But直接與句子相連。accidentally=bychance偶然地discover偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)（某個(gè)已經(jīng)存在的東西）Invent發(fā)明（以前沒(méi)有的東西）我不知道誰(shuí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的美洲。Idon’tknowwhodiscoveredAmerica.你知道起火原因嗎？Doyouknowthecauseofthefire?Henoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.notice注意別人沒(méi)注意的東西theremains表示“尸體，殘骸”，必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式村民們很驚奇的看到在湖的旁邊有一架飛機(jī)的殘骸。Thevillagersweresurprisedtoseetheremainsofanaeroplanenearthelake.windvt.1)vt.纏繞，卷在……上（常與around/round連用）你介意我把這段電線(xiàn)纏在樹(shù)上嗎？Didyouwindthispieceofwireroundthetree?2)vt.蜿蜒，盤(pán)旋一條小徑沿著山谷蜿蜒而上。Apathwoundupthevalley.windone‘sway蜿蜒、迂回而行他們?cè)讵M窄的山谷中迂回前進(jìn)Theywoundtheirwaythroughthenarrowvalley.3）轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)（把手等），擰緊windupone'swatch上緊某人手表的發(fā)條把(車(chē)子的)窗子搖下winddownawindowInthisway,hewasabletosolvethemystery.inthisway就這樣Theexplanationwassimplebutveryunusual.Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires.snatchedupsthfromtheground從地上抓起來(lái)dropvt&vi.無(wú)意掉下去的,使落下,使掉落她把花瓶掉到了地板上。Shedroppedthevaseonthefloor.茶壺從她手里掉了出來(lái)。Theteapotdroppedoutofherhand。fallvi.落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒強(qiáng)調(diào)的是掉下來(lái)的概念,動(dòng)作我跌倒了，傷到了我自己。Ifellandhurtmyself.當(dāng)秋天葉落的時(shí)候，我就會(huì)回來(lái)。Whenleavesfallinautumn,I’llcomeback.他從樓梯上摔下來(lái)，把他的腿摔斷了。Hefelldownthestairsandbrokehisleg.書(shū)從桌子上掉到了地上。Thebookfellfromthetabletothefloor。Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthewires.Whenitdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire.doso這么做Irefusetodoso.我拒絕這么做so常用于一些動(dòng)詞之后，代指前面提過(guò)的某個(gè)動(dòng)作/某件事，以免重復(fù)我也這樣認(rèn)為。Ithink/believeso.startafire=causeafire引起一場(chǎng)大火Comprehensionquestions1Wherewasthereabigforestfire?InCalifornia.2Havefiremenputitout?Yes,theyhave.3Whathavetheybeentryingtofindoutsincethen?Howthefirebegan.4Whatareforestfiresoftencausedby?Brokenglassorcigaretteends.

5Peoplearecareless,aren'tthey?Yes,theyare.6Whendidthefiremenexaminetheground?Yesterday.7Didtheyfindanybrokenglass?No,theydidn't.8Didtheythinkacigaretteendstartedthefire?No,theydidn't.9Theywerequitesureitdidn't,weren'tthey?(Yes,theywere.)10Whenwasthecausediscovered?(Thismorning.)11Whodiscoveredit?(Afiremandid.)12Wasitwhathewaslookingfor?(No,itwasn't.)【SpecialDifficulties】Throwto，ThrowatandThrowawaythrow作及物動(dòng)詞主要含義為“投，擲，拋，扔”。throwto(sb.)扔給（某人）

HethrewtheballtomeandIcaughtit.throwat對(duì)準(zhǔn)某一目標(biāo)扔

Theboythrewastoneatthewindowandbrokeit.throwaway扔掉，丟棄

Manypeoplethrowawaycigaretteendscarelessly.CauseandReasoncause①n.原因，起因；Doyouknowthecauseofthewar?Whatwasthecauseofthedelay?②v.使……產(chǎn)生/發(fā)生，引起causesth.導(dǎo)致,引起Whatcausedtheaccident?causesb.todosth.導(dǎo)致某人做某事reason①n.理由，原因Givemeyourreasonsforgoingthere.Whatwasthereasonforthedelay?作“原因”講時(shí)，reason與cause可以互換，但reason與介詞for連用；而cause則與介詞of連用。reason后面通常跟why引導(dǎo)的從句：

Thatwasthereasonwhythemeetingwasputoff.②v.推理，勸導(dǎo)，說(shuō)服reasonwithsb.勸說(shuō)(以道理)Howcanyoureasonwithhimwhenheissoworried?DropandFalldropvi.&vt.（使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是不小心掉下來(lái)）

Ashewalkedpastthetree,anappledroppedfromit.Thewaiterdroppedafork.fallvi.落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是掉下來(lái)的概念,動(dòng)作）

Ifellandhurtmyself.Whenleavesfallinautumn,I’llcomeback.KeytoKSExercisesAWhathappened：began(1.2);examined(1.4);werenotabletofind(1.5);didnotstart(1.6);discovered(1.7);noticed(1.8);waswound(1.8);wasabletosolve(1.9);dropped(1.10);wound(1.11);itdidso(1.11);sent(1.11);started(1.11)Whathashappened：haveputout(1.1)Whathasbeenhappening：havebeentryingtofind(1.2)CJacklookedathiswatchforthetwentiethtime.SuddenlyJillarrived.‘I've

beenwaitingforoveranhour,’hesaidangrily.‘Younevercomeontime.’‘Oh,isthatso?’Jillanswered.‘Wereyouhereat2.30?’Jackwentred.‘Well,’hesaid,‘Igotherefiveminuteslatemyself,butyouweren'there.’‘Icamehereatexactly2.30,’Jillsaid,‘a(chǎn)ndIwaitedforfiveminutes,butyoudidn'tcome.’‘Whathaveyoubeendoingsincethen?’Jackasked.‘I'vejustbeentothehairdresser's，’Jillansweredbrightly.c根據(jù)課文第二行…theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan可以判斷出只有c.wantedtofindoutwhathadcausedthefire最能說(shuō)明消防隊(duì)員仔細(xì)查看地面的原因，其他3個(gè)選擇都不夠全面。2.d根據(jù)課文第10-12行Abirdhadsnatchedupthesnakefromthegroundandthendroppeditontothewires…WhenitIdidso,itsentsparksdowntothegroundandtheseimmediatelystartedafire可以判斷只有d.asnakewhichhadbeendroppedontothewiresbyabird與課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容相符，只有它是引起火災(zāi)的原因，其他3個(gè)選擇都不符合課文的實(shí)際內(nèi)容。3.a只有a.since最合乎題目意思和語(yǔ)法。因?yàn)楸揪涫乾F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，只有since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)最適合于完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示“自從……以來(lái)”，所以應(yīng)該選a.其他3個(gè)選擇都不能引導(dǎo)合適的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)。4.c本句表示時(shí)間的詞是often,表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，因此應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。a.iscausing是進(jìn)行時(shí)，b.hascaused是完成時(shí)，d.iscausedby是現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而本句需要主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。只有c.causes是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，第3人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，本句的主語(yǔ)Brokenglass是單數(shù)，所以c.最符合語(yǔ)法，所以選c.5.ca.almostcerta