2024屆陜西省咸陽(yáng)市高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)（解析版）

咸陽(yáng)市2024年高考模擬檢測(cè)（一）

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.本試卷共10頁(yè)，全卷滿分150分，答題時(shí)間為120分鐘；

2.答卷前，務(wù)必將答題卡上密封線內(nèi)的各項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚；

3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如

需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。

第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.

答案是C.

l.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Carrytheboxes.

B.Holdtheliftdoor.

C.Removetheboxes.

2.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inastore.

B.Inacafe.

C.Inakitchen.

3.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?

A.Toreportnewroomrates.

B.Toconfirmhisreservation.

C.Toaskabouttheroomprice.

4.Howmucharethepostcardsaltogether?

A.8pounds.

B.5pounds.

C.9pounds.

5.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman'sattitudetowardshiswork?

A.Dissatisfied.

B.Enthusiastic.

C.Pessimistic.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutschoollife?

A.Relaxed.

B.Bored.

C.Exhausted.

7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodoaftergraduation?

A.Sheisgoingtomanageahotel.

B.Shehasnotmadeadecision.

C.Sheplanstoaskherneighbor.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.HowdoesthemancelebrateChristmas?

A.Bydecoratingthewall.

B.Bywatchingmovies.

C.Byvisitinggrandparents.

9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheyoungman?

A.Sheappreciateshim.

B.Shedoubtshim.

C.Shesympathizeswithhim.

10.Whoisthewoman?

A.Awaitress.

B.Apassenger

C.Areporter.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

ABossandemployee.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Fatheranddaughter.

12.Whichroomwillbecleanedfirst?

A.Thekitchen.

B.Thehall.

C.Thebathroom

13.Whatwilltheydoafterthework?

A.Waitforsomeone.

B.Havelunch.

C.Drinktogether.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Participateinthebasketballteam.

B.Jointhewoman'snewcompany.

C.Introduceastarplayertothewoman.

15.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?

A.Theman'sgreatambition.

B.Theman'sworkingattitude.

C.Theman'sphysicalcondition.

16.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?

A.Havingaphysicalexamination.

B.Stoppingplayingbasketball.

C.Avoidconsuminghigh-fatfoods.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatdidthespeakerdobefore12?

A.Aswimmer.

B.Agymnast.

C.Adiver.

18.Whywasthe2014EuropeanChampionshipsimportantforthespeaker?

A.Shewonagoldmedal.

B.Shebrokeworldrecords.

C.Sheknewmanychampions.

19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?

A.Tobeoptimisticaboutdivingagain.

B.Tofinishtrainingintheuniversity.

C.Tobalancelearningandtraining.

2O.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Herexperienceinthediving.

B.Herstoryofbeingacoach.

C.Herreasonforgoingtocollege.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

TheDesignMuseum,Kensington

FoundedbySirTerenceConranin1989,theDesignMuseumhostscontemporaryexhibitionsonfashion,

architectureandindustrialdesign.Aswellasthefascinatingdisplaysofpast,presentandfuturedesignthrough

temporaryshows,themuseumhostsavarietyoflearningprogrammeandactivitiesaimedatchildrenandyoung

people（aged5-16years）.

Address:TheDesignMuseum,224—238KensingtonHighStreet,LondonW86AG

Entryfee:Freeentry;exhibitionscostextra

RoyalAcademy,Piccadilly

Foundedbyartistsandarchitectsinthe1760s,theRoyalAcademyhasbeeninitscurrenthomeatBurlington

Houseformorethan150years.Highlightsofthepermanentcollectionspanmorethantwocenturies,fromWilliam

TurnertoTraceyEmin.TheannualSummerExhibitionisoneofthemaineventsintheLondonartcalendar,held

since1769,makingittheoldestopen-submissionexhibitionintheworld.Eachyear,oneoftheRoyalAcademy9s

artistsdevelopsstrategiesforthedisplay.

Address:RoyalAcademy,BurlingtonHouse,Piccadilly,LondonW1JOBD

Entryfee:Freeentry;exhibitionscostextra

TheWallaceCollection,Marylebone

Fineartfromthe15thto19thcenturiesisdisplayedatoneofLondon?sloveliestsmallartgalleries,setinthe

18th-centurytownhouseofSirRichardandLadyWallace,whocollectedfinepaintings,porcelain,artefactand

furnitureovergenerations.SeepaintingsbyCanalettoandRembrandt,plusexhibitionsonfashion,furniture,

ceramicsandmore.

Address:TheWallaceCollection,HertfordHouse,ManchesterSquare,LondonW1U3BN

Entryfee:Freeentry;exhibitionscostextra

ImperialWarMuseum,Lambeth

HousedinwhatwasoncethesiteofBethlemRoyalHospital,theImperialWarMuseumexplorestheroleof

Britishtroopsinconflictsthatcrossgenerationsandcountries.Ifsfullofoftenchallengingexhibitions,from

displaysonWorldWarItotheHolocaust.

Address:ImperialWarMuseum,LambethRoad,LondonSE16HZ

Entryfee:Freeentry;exhibitionscostextra

1.WhatisthepolicyfortheentryfeeattheDesignMuseum?

A.Thekidsaged5-16yearsarefreeofcharge.

B.Theentryisfreebutexhibitionscostextra.

C.Theentryandallexhibitionsareverycostly.

D.Theentrycostsextrabutexhibitionsarefree.

2.Whichmuseumranksitselfastheoldestopen-submissionexhibitionaroundtheglobe?

A.RoyalAcademy,Piccadilly.

B.TheDesignMuseum,Kensington.

C.TheWallaceCollection,Marylebone.

D.ImperialWarMuseum,Lambeth.

3.WhattypesofitemsaredisplayedattheWallaceCollection?

A.Paintings,jewellery,statues,andfashion.

B.Paintings,pottery,artefact,andjewellery.

C.Porcelain,pottery,sculptures,andfurniture.

D.Paintings,ceramics,furniture,andfashion.

【答案】l.B2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)藝術(shù)展。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheDesignMuseum,Kensington部分中的“Entryfee:Freeentry;exhibitionscostextra（入

場(chǎng)費(fèi)：免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)；展覽需要額外付費(fèi)）”可知，設(shè)計(jì)博物館的入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是免費(fèi)的，但是展覽需要額外付費(fèi)，

故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RoyalAcademy,Piccadilly部分中的“TheannualSummerExhibitionisoneofthemain

eventsintheLondonartcalendar,heldsince1769,makingittheoldestopen-submissionexhibitioninthe

world（一年一度的夏季展覽是倫敦藝術(shù)日歷上的主要活動(dòng)之一，自1769年開(kāi)始舉辦，是世界上歷史最悠

久的公開(kāi)免費(fèi)展覽）”可知，RoyalAcademy,Piccadilly這個(gè)博物館是全球最古老的公開(kāi)免費(fèi)展覽，故選

Ao

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWallaceCollection,Marylebone部分中的“Fineartfromthe15thto19thcenturiesis

displayedatoneofLondon'sloveliestsmallartgalleries,setinthe18th-centurytownhouseofSirRichardand

LadyWallace,whocollectedfinepaintings,porcelain,artefactandfurnitureovergenerations.Seepaintingsby

CanalettoandRembrandt,plusexhibitionsonfashion,furniture,ceramicsandmore.（倫敦最美麗的4、型藝術(shù)畫(huà)

廊之一展示了15至19世紀(jì)的美術(shù)作品，該畫(huà)廊位于理查德華萊士爵士和華萊士夫人的18世紀(jì)聯(lián)排別墅

內(nèi)，他們世代收集精美的繪畫(huà)、瓷器、手工藝品和家具。欣賞卡納萊托和倫勃朗的畫(huà)作，以及時(shí)尚、家

具、陶瓷等展覽）”可知，華萊士收藏館展示了繪畫(huà)、陶瓷、家具和時(shí)裝。故選D。

B

NoonehadcalledmeMelissainmonths.HearingmynamewassomethingItookforgrantedbeforeIwas

outofwork.ButnowIwasn'tspendingtimewiththepeoplewhoknowmeasMelissa:myco-workers,fellow

writers,andfriends.

Ihadbeenathomewithmytwochildrenformonths.Evan,agenine,andDelaney,six,callmeMomor

Mama.AndIrealizethatIamfortunatetohavewonderfullittlepeopleinmylifewhocallmeMama-evenat

2:00a.m.whenoneofthemissick.

SomethinghappenedwhenIstoppedhearingmyname,though.Itbecameawholeothertypeofisolation.

BeforeIbecameMrs.FaceorMama,IwasMelissa.

Ineverreallyhadaproblemwithmyname.Ineverconsideredanamechange.Evenasanadult,Ihavenever

thoughtadifferentnamewouldsuitmebetter.IamMelissa,andmynameisabigpartofmyidentity.

Afterafewmonthsathome,Idecidedtodosomethingjustforme.IsignedupforawritingclassthatI'd

wantedtotakeforalongtime.BeforeIbecameahousewife,Icouldn'tgettotheclassbecauseofchildcare

concerns.ButnowIwassoexcitedtobeenrolledintheclass.Atourfirstsession,theinstructorbeganclassby

addressingusallbynameandintroducingourfirstprompt.

“Iwantyoutostartbywriting5Rightnow,Iam/andthencontinuewithwhateverfollowsthat.^^shesaid.

Istartedwritingmypiece.Tenminuteslater,sheaskedustobeginsharing."Melissa,we'llstartwithyou,“

myteachersaid.

Iclearedmythroatandreadmyfirstline.<4Rightnow,Iamhappy,“Isaid.'Tmhappytobeinteractingwith

otheradults,happytobewriting,andespeciallyhappytohearmyname.^^

4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A.Sheisacaringperson.B.Sheisskilledinwriting.

C.Shevaluesherownidentity.D.Sheenjoysinteractingnow.

5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'smoodaftersigningupfortheclassfromthetext?

A.Distracted.B.Depressed.C.Determined.D.Delighted.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prompt”inParagraph5mean?

A.Address.B.Task.C.Advice.D.Friend.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Apersonalessay.D.Asciencefiction.

【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)檎疹櫦彝?，被逐漸忽視了自己過(guò)去的身份，于是作

者決定為自己做點(diǎn)什么，報(bào)名了一個(gè)寫(xiě)作班。作者能和其他人互動(dòng)感到很高興。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"HearingmynamewassomethingItookforgrantedbeforeIwasoutofwork.（在我

失業(yè)之前，聽(tīng)到我的名字是一件理所當(dāng)然的事情）”以及第四段"IamMelissa,andmynameisabigpartof

myidentity4我是梅麗莎，我的名字是我身份的重要組成部分）”可推知，作者重視自己的身份。故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段"IsignedupforawritingclassthatFdwantedtotakeforalongtime.BeforeI

becameahousewife,Icouldn'tgettotheclassbecauseofchildcareconcerns.ButnowIwassoexcitedtobe

enrolledintheclass.（我報(bào)了一個(gè)寫(xiě)作班，這是我很久以來(lái)一直想上的。在我成為家庭主婦之前，因?yàn)檎疹?/p>

孩子的問(wèn)題，我不能去上課。但現(xiàn)在我很興奮能加入這個(gè)班）”可推知，作者報(bào)名后很高興。故選D。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Atourfirstsession,theinstructorbeganclassbyaddressingusallbynameand

introducingourfirsttprompt.（在我們的第一節(jié)課上,老師在開(kāi)始上課時(shí)點(diǎn)名并介紹了我們的第一個(gè)

prompt）以及侄U數(shù)第三段""Iwantyoutostartbywriting?Rightnow,Iam/andthencontinuewithwhatever

fbllowsthat.”shesaid.（“我希望你從寫(xiě)'現(xiàn)在，我是‘開(kāi)始，然后繼續(xù)寫(xiě)接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容。她說(shuō)）”可知，在

的第一節(jié)課上，老師開(kāi)始點(diǎn)名，并介紹了第一個(gè)寫(xiě)作任務(wù)。故劃線詞意思是“任務(wù)”。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)檎疹櫦彝?，被逐漸忽視了自己過(guò)去的身份，于是作者決定為

自己做點(diǎn)什么，報(bào)名了一個(gè)寫(xiě)作班。作者能和其他人互動(dòng)感到很高興?？赏浦恼率且黄獋€(gè)人短文。

故選C。

C

Canyouimaginegettingatoothpulledoutorothermajordentalprocedureswithoutpain-killer?Ascientist

colleagueofmineuseda"fbcusin^^techniqueinsteadofrequestingpain-killeratthedentist.Eachtimethedentist

touchedthetooth,mycolleaguefeltbubblesofjoy,andthislasteduntilthedentistinterruptedbyasking,t€Whyare

yousmiling?^^

Afairquestionatthispointiswhyanyonewouldwanttobefullyawareofintenseorpainfulprocedures.But

whatmaysoundlikeapunishingchoice-todirectlyfacehurtorsuffering-mayinsomeinstancesbebeneficial.

Astreamofscientificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsinturningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotions

withacceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindingwaystocopewithstressandsuffering-particularly

whenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedmeditation（冥想）formorethan

20years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,

canhelp.I'mnotadvocatingforpeopletoputthemselvesindangerousorpainfulpositions.Butwhenwepush

ourselvesintochallengingorconfusingsituations,muchliketrainerswhopushathletesjustpasttheircomfortzone

tomakegains,learningoftenhappens.Indeed,a2022studywithmorethan2,000peopledemonstratedthatthose

participantswhowerepubliclyencouragedtopushthemselvesintoawkward,uncomfortablesituations-including

takingclassestoboostself-confidenceandreadingaboutopposingviewpoints-laterreportedthegreatestdegree

ofpersonalgrowth.

Myownresearchindicatesthatmeditationprovidesanidealwaytopracticeturningtowarddiscomfort-

particularlywhenittrainsupone'scalmmind.Peoplewhoreportedhigherlevelsofcalmnessreportedless

psychologicaldistress（困擾）.

Rightnowpeoplearehurtingformanyreasonsandlookingforwaystocope.Withoutquestionthereare

manyimportantstepsweneedtotakecollectivelytorespondtothesechallenges.Butwecaneachbuildourability

torecoveronapersonallevelaswellbycultivatinggreateracceptanceofourexperience-goodorbad,painfulor

pleasant-inthepresentmoment.

8.TheauthorusesthefirstquestioninParagraph1to.

A.introducethetopic.

B.illustrateanargument.

C.highlightanopinion.

D.promoteapain-killer.

9.Whatisthebenefitofturningtowardsdiscomfortandnegativeemotions?

A.Ithelpsinavoidingsufferingfully.

B.Itincreasespsychologicaldistress.

C.Itleadstopersonalgrowth.

D.Itpromotesasenseofcalmness.

10.Whatistheauthor'sviewonputtingoneselfindangerousorpainfulpositions?

A.Theauthorencouragesitasawaytoimprovefitness.

B.Theauthordiscouragesitduetoitspotentialharm.

C.Theauthorbelievesitisnecessaryforpersonalgrowth.

D.Theauthorrecommendsittothoseconfusedtrainers.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TurningTowardsDiscomfort:MyExperienceofStayingStressfulandSuccessful

B.ExpandingComfortZones:TheDifferenceBetweenDiscomfortandCalmness

C.MindfulnessandMeditation:TheToolsforDealingwithStressandSuffering

D.CultivatingCalmness:TheBenefitsofMindfulnessinEnjoyingDentalOperation

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了正念冥想可以幫助我們應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和痛苦。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段中“Canyouimaginegettingatoothpulledoutorothermajordentalprocedures

withoutpain-killer?（你能想象在沒(méi)有止痛藥的情況下拔牙或進(jìn)行其他主要牙科手術(shù)嗎？）”和第二段中“A

streamofscientificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsinturningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotionswith

acceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindingwaystocopewithstressandsuffering-particularlywhen

largercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedmeditation（冥想）formorethan20

years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,

canhelp.（一系列科學(xué)文章表明，接受不適或負(fù)面情緒是有好處的。止匕外，我們所有人都可以從找到應(yīng)對(duì)

壓力和痛苦的方法中獲益一一特別是當(dāng)更大的情況超出我們的控制范圍時(shí)。作為一名研究冥想20多年的

研究人員，我相信，作為某些正念冥想練習(xí)的核心元素，冷靜的發(fā)展會(huì)有所幫助）”可推知，作者在第一

段提出這一問(wèn)題是為了引出文章主題一一正念冥想有助于應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和痛苦。故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本艮據(jù)第二段中“Indeed,a2022studywithmorethan2,000peopledemonstratedthatthose

participantswhowerepubliclyencouragedtopushthemselvesintoawkward,uncomfortablesituations-including

takingclassestoboostself-confidenceandreadingaboutopposingviewpoints-laterreportedthegreatestdegree

ofpersonalgrowth.（事實(shí)上，2022年一項(xiàng)針對(duì)2000多人的研究表明，那些被公開(kāi)鼓勵(lì)讓自己陷入尷尬、不

舒服的境地的參與者——包括參加課程來(lái)增強(qiáng)自信和閱讀相反的觀點(diǎn)——后來(lái)報(bào)告稱個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)程度最

高）”可知，面向不適和負(fù)面情緒的好處是它會(huì)帶來(lái)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“I'mnotadvocatingforpeopletoputthemselvesindangerousorpainfulpositions.

（我并不是提倡人們將自己置于危險(xiǎn)或痛苦的境地）”可知，作者并不提倡將自己置于危險(xiǎn)或痛苦的境地，

因?yàn)檫@會(huì)存在危險(xiǎn)。故選B。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中“Astreamofscientificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsin

turningtowarddiscomfortornegativeemotionswithacceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindingways

tocopewithstressandsuffering-particularlywhenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcher

whohasstudiedmeditation（冥想）formorethan20years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentral

elementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,canhelp.（一系列科學(xué)文章表明，接受不適或負(fù)面情緒是

有好處的。止匕外，我們所有人都可以從找到應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和痛苦的方法中獲益——特別是當(dāng)更大的情況超出

我們的控制范圍時(shí)。作為一名研究冥想20多年的研究人員，我相信，作為某些正念冥想練習(xí)的核心元

素，冷靜的發(fā)展會(huì)有所幫助）”可知，文章主要介紹了正念冥想可以幫助我們應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和痛苦，C項(xiàng)“正

念和冥想：應(yīng)對(duì)壓力和痛苦的工具”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選C。

D

Ifyou'veseenthefilmFindingNemo,youmightrememberthecharacterDoryandherattemptstospeak

“whale”.Nowateamofscientistssaytheycouldbeonestepclosertodoingthat.Theyusedcomputertechnology

toanalyzewhalesoundsandthinktheyhavetranslatedtheirfirstwhaleword.

Spermwhalesdon'tspeaka"language“inthesamewayashumansdo,buttheycommunicatebyusingaseries

ofclicks.ScientistsfromProjectCETI,anorganizationdedicatedtotranslatingspermwhalelanguage,havespent

yearslisteningtothecreatures.Theyhaveplacedmicrophonesonwhalesandplantedunderwatermicrophonesoff

thecoastoftheCaribbeanislandofDominicatooverheartheanimals9conversations.

Nowtheteamisusingartificialintelligence(AI,computertechnologythatallowsamachinetoimitatehuman

intelligencebylearningasitgoesalong)tofindpatternsinthewhales9sounds.Thescientistshavebeentryingto

matchthesoundpatternswiththewhales9behaviortoseeifcertain"words“matchcertainactions.Thiscouldreveal

themeaningofeachindividualsoundorsetofsounds.

Sofar,thescientiststhinktheyunderstandthesignalfor"dive”.Theyhavealsomappedoutakindofsperm

whalephoneticalphabet(phoneticmeansturningsoundsintosymbols),However,likeDory,theyhavealongway

togobeforetheycantrulyspeak"whale”.Unlockingthelanguageofspermwhalescouldhelptoprotectthem.

Whalesareanimportantpartofmarine(海洋)ecosystemsallovertheworld.Theirbodiesalsostorelargeamounts

ofcarbon,whichhelpstoreducepollutionintheatmosphere.Ifhumansspoke“whale”,itcouldbepossibletowarn

themawayfromdangerousobjectsandareas,suchasfishingnetstheycanbecometangledinorshallowshorelines

wheretheycangetstranded.

12.Howdospermwhalesinteractwitheachother?

A.Bymakingsounds.

B.Byusingmicrophones.

C.Bytailmovements.

D.Byeyecontact.

13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Givinganexampletoshowthatwhalesdon'tspeakalanguage.

B.Presentingnewevidenceontheinteractionmethodsofwhales.

C.Introducingascientificwaytolocatethepositionofthewhales.

D.Employinganovelapproachtointerpretthewhale9slanguage.

14.Whatcouldbeapossiblebenefitofspeaking“whale”?

A.Toimitatethesoundsmadebywhales.

B.Tounderstandthebehavioroffishers.

C.Totellwhalesaboutpotentialdanger.

D.Toreducepollutionintheatmosphere.

15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheproject?

A.Unclear.

B.Hopeful.

C.Doubtful.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家正在使用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)分析鯨魚(yú)的聲音，并認(rèn)為他們

已經(jīng)翻譯了第一個(gè)鯨魚(yú)單詞。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Spermwhalesdon'tspeaka"language"inthesamewayashumansdo,butthey

communicatebyusingaseriesofclicks.（抹香鯨說(shuō)"語(yǔ)言"的方式與人類(lèi)不同，但它們通過(guò)一系列的點(diǎn)擊來(lái)

交流。）”可知，抹香鯨是通過(guò)發(fā)出聲音來(lái)交談的。故選A。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Nowtheteamisusingartificialintelligence（AI,computertechnologythatallowsa

machinetoimitatehumanintelligencebylearningasitgoesalong）tofindpatternsinthewhales'sounds.The

scientistshavebeentryingtomatchthesoundpatternswiththewhales5behaviortoseeifcertain“words“match

certainactions.Thiscouldrevealthemeaningofeachindividualsoundorsetofsounds』現(xiàn)在，該團(tuán)隊(duì)正在使用

人工智能（人工智能，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)，允許機(jī)器通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)模仿人類(lèi)智能）來(lái)尋找鯨魚(yú)聲音的模式。科學(xué)

家們一直試圖將聲音模式與鯨魚(yú)的行為相匹配，看看某些“單詞”是否與某些動(dòng)作相匹配。這可以揭示

每個(gè)單獨(dú)的聲音或一組聲音的含義。）”可知，第三段主要講述了科學(xué)家正在采用一種新穎的方法來(lái)解釋

鯨魚(yú)的語(yǔ)言。故選D。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifhumansspoke"whale”,itcouldbepossibletowarnthemawayfrom

dangerousobjectsandareas,suchasfishingnetstheycanbecometangledinorshallowshorelineswheretheycan

getstranded.（如果人類(lèi)說(shuō)“鯨魚(yú)話”，就可以警告它們遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)的物體和區(qū)域，例如可能纏住它們的漁網(wǎng)

或可能困住它們的淺海岸線）”可知，如果人類(lèi)說(shuō)“鯨魚(yú)語(yǔ)”，就可以告訴鯨魚(yú)它們潛在的危險(xiǎn)。故選

Co

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段中“Unlockingthelanguageofspermwhalescouldhelptoprotectthem.Whales

areanimportantpartofmarine（海洋）ecosystemsallovertheworld.Theirbodiesalsostorelargeamountsof

carbon,whichhelpstoreducepollutionintheatmosphere.Ifhumansspoke"whale”,itcouldbepossibletowarn

themawayfromdangerousobjectsandareas,suchasfishingnetstheycanbecometangledinorshallow

shorelineswheretheycangetstranded.（解鎖抹香鯨的語(yǔ)言有助于保護(hù)它們。鯨魚(yú)是世界各地海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

的重要組成部分。它們的身體還儲(chǔ)存大量的碳，這有助于減少大氣污染。如果人類(lèi)說(shuō)“鯨魚(yú)話”，就可

以警告它們遠(yuǎn)離危險(xiǎn)的物體和區(qū)域，例如可能纏住它們的漁網(wǎng)或可能困住它們的淺海岸線。）”可推知，

作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目有助于保護(hù)鯨魚(yú)，由此可推知，作者對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的態(tài)度是滿懷希望的，故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Doyouhavebadhabits?Ifso,you'renotalone.16So,ifyouaretryingtogetoutofthingsthatmake

youashamed,thefollowingmaybeofhelptoyou.

17

Bothgoodhabitsandbadhabitsaresimilarbecauseyoucanendupdoingthemwithoutthinkingaboutit.

Steppingbackandseeingabadhabifspatterninyourlifecanhelpyoubreakfreeofit.Forinstance,ifyousmoke

acigaretteafterdinnereveryevening,youcanbreakthepatternandinsteadtakeawalkeveryeveningafter

dinner.Thisbreaksyourbadhabitpattern,andyoucanestablishanewhabitpatternthatwillstillgiveyouasense

ofarewardlikefeelinghealthier-withoutharm.

Establishnewtargets

Ifseasytogetstuckinbadhabitpatterns.Ifyousmokeafterdinnerandwanttostopthat,youbegintowalk,

whichhelpsbreakthehabit.Butonceyou'vebrokenthepattern,youcantakeittothenextlevel.18

Walkingtwoblocksinsteadofoneorrunaroundtheblockcanbeyourchoice.Suddenly,younotonlybrokethe

habitpattern,butyou'vealsoestablishednewgoalstomotivateyou.

Keepadiary

Writingdownyourdailystruggleswithabadhabitcanhelpyoubreakthehabit.Keeptrackofwhattriggers

thebadhabitorwhenyou9retemptedtodothebadhabit.Thiswillhelpyouunderstandyourselfbetterandgive

youtheabilitytostopthebadhabit.19.Writedownyourtemptations,andyourfeelingsasyoudidto

resistthehabit.

Gethelpfromfriendsorfamily

Agoodsupportivecommunityisessentialforovercomingbadhabits.Havingpeoplearoundyouwho

understandyouandknowhowtohelpyouwillgiveyouhope.Gatheraclosesetoffriendsorfamilyaroundyou.

Theymaybeabletostandwithyou,supportyou,andchallengeyou.20

A.Setgoalstodomore

B.Breakthehabitpattern

C.Thinkaboutsimilarhabits

D.Takeyournotebookwithyou

E.Mostofusareguiltyofsomethingwedislike

F.Sobekindandconsideratetoyourfamilyorfriends

G.Whenyoufall,thesepeoplecanencourageyoutotryagain

【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.D20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些改變壞習(xí)慣的方法。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Doyouhavebadhabits?Ifso,you'renotalone.（你有壞習(xí)慣嗎？如果是這樣，你并不孤單）”以

及后文“So,ifyouaretryingtogetoutofthingsthatmakeyouashamed,thefollowingmaybeofhelpto

you.（所以，如果你正試圖擺脫讓你感到羞恥的事情，下面的方法可能會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助）”可知，后文提到

了擺脫讓你感到羞恥的事情，可知本句是在說(shuō)明對(duì)某些事物感到內(nèi)疚羞恥的情況，故E選項(xiàng)“我們大多

數(shù)人都對(duì)自己不喜歡的事情感到內(nèi)疚”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Bothgoodhabitsandbadhabitsaresimilarbecauseyoucanendupdoingthemwithoutthinking

aboutit.Steppingbackandseeingabadhabit'spatterninyourlifecanhelpyoubreakfreeofit.Forinstance,if

yousmokeacigaretteafterdinnereveryevening,youcanbreakthepatternandinsteadtakeawalkeveryevening

afterdinner.Thisbreaksyourbadhabitpattern,andyoucanestablishanewhabitpatternthatwillstillgiveyoua

senseofarewardlikefeelinghealthier—withoutharm.（好習(xí)慣和壞習(xí)慣都是相似的，因?yàn)槟憧赡懿患偎妓骶?/p>

養(yǎng)成了它們。退后一步，看看你生活中壞習(xí)慣的模式可以幫助你擺脫它。例如，如果你每天晚飯后抽一

支煙，你可以打破這個(gè)模式，改為每天晚飯后散步。這會(huì)打破你的壞習(xí)慣模式，你可以建立一個(gè)新的習(xí)

慣模式，它仍然會(huì)給你一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)感，比如感覺(jué)更健康一一沒(méi)有傷害）”可知，本段的建議是打破固有的習(xí)

慣模式，后文breakthepattern可對(duì)應(yīng)B選項(xiàng)Breakthehabitpattern。故B選項(xiàng)"打破習(xí)慣模式”符合語(yǔ)

境，故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文uWalkingtwoblocksinsteadofoneorrunaroundtheblockcanbeyourchoice.Suddenly,younot

onlybrokethehabitpattern,butyou'vealsoestablishednewgoalstomotivateyou.（你可以選擇走兩'個(gè)街區(qū)而不

是一個(gè)街區(qū)，或者繞著街區(qū)跑一圈。突然之間，你不僅打破了習(xí)慣模式，而且還建立了新的目標(biāo)來(lái)激勵(lì)

自己）”可知，后文提到走兩個(gè)街區(qū)而不是一個(gè)街區(qū)，或者繞著街區(qū)跑一圈，即做了更多的事情來(lái)作為目

標(biāo)。故A選項(xiàng)“設(shè)定目標(biāo)，做更多的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"Writedownyourtemptations,andyourfeelingsasyoudidtoresistthehabit.（寫(xiě)下你的誘惑，以及

你抵制這個(gè)習(xí)慣的感受）”可知，后文提到要寫(xiě)下誘惑，可知本句是建議帶上書(shū)寫(xiě)工具。故D選項(xiàng)“帶上

你的筆記本”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文uGatheraclosesetoffriendsorfamilyaroundyou.Theymaybeabletostandwithyou,supportyou,

andchallengeyou.（召集一群親密的朋友或家人在你身邊。他們可能會(huì)和你站在一起，支持你，挑戰(zhàn)你）”

可知，上文提到了朋友和家人會(huì)給予支持，故本句說(shuō)明具體的支持舉措。故G選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你跌倒時(shí)，這些

人會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你再試一次”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

第三部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題L5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Ourson,Tobey,hasalwayshadagenerousspirit,aswellasaveryindependentnature.Likemanysmallboys,

helikedtoshowhis21forsomeonebydoingakindorhelpfulthing.

’TmgoingtomakeVanessa?sbirthdaycake,^^heannounced22atagenine.Iknewthatheloveshis

sisterandhewaseagertodos