河南省聯(lián)考2024屆高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)4月月考英語試卷(含答案)

河南省名校聯(lián)考2024屆高三下學(xué)期4月月考英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

EiffelTower

TheEiffelTowerisn'tjustasymbolofParis,butasymbolforallofFrance.Establishedby

GustaveEiffeltomemorizetheFrenchRevolutionin1889,the1,050-foot（320-metre）tower

onceheldthetitleoftheworld'stalleststructure.Thebasics

TheEiffelTower9sfirstfloorfeaturesexhibits,kid-friendlyexperiences,andthe58Tour

Eiffelrestaurant;thesecondfloorincludestheJulesVerneRestaurant;andthethird-floor

summit,accessibleviaaglasselevator,featuresGustaveEiflersprivateapartmentsanda

Champagnebar.Ofcourse,alllevelsofferstriking360-degreeviewsoftheCityofLight.

Giventhestructure'sglobalpopularity,thecrowdscanbequitelarge,meaningthatpriority-

accesstoursarehighlyrecommended一inpeakseason,longlinesmeanthatwaitscanoften

beover3hours.Saveprecioussightseeingtimebybookingaskip-the-lineEiffelTowerticket

withorwithoutatourguide;thisexperiencecanbecombinedwithaPariscitytour.Ifyou'd

ratherviewtheiconic（標(biāo)志f生的）structureinallitsglorythanheadtothetop,bookaSeine

Rivercruise（巡航），orawalking,biking,orSegwaytour.Thingstoknowbeforeyougo

Planyourvisitinadvanceandbookskip-the-lineticketstoavoidalongwaittime.

IfyoupurchaseanadmissionticketforEiffelTowersummitaccess,you'llheadstraight

tothetopbeforestoppingatthelowerlevelsonyourdownwardjourney.

ThereareATMsandsouvenirshopsonthegroundfloor.

Thetower9sfirsttwolevelsarewheelchairaccessible,butthesummitisnot.

You'llberequiredtoundergoasecurityscreeningbeforeenteringthetower.Howtogetthere

Takemetroline6toBirHakeimorRERlineCtotheChampdeMarsstation.Forbetter

views,takemetroline6or9totheTrocaderostopacrossfromtheRiverSeine.

1.Onwhichflooraretherethemostchildrenprobably?

A.Thefirstfloor.B.Thesecondfloor.C.Thethirdfloor.D.Thetopfloor.

2.WhatdoyouknowaboutgoingtoEiffelTower?

A.Youcan'ttakeawheelchairinside.

B.Youmustbuyaskip-the-linetickettovisitit.

C.Youcantakemetroline9toBirHakeimstation.

D.Youcanreachthetopwithanadmissionticketforsummitaccess.

3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Asciencefiction.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Anewsreport.D.Adiary.

MaryFlanneryO'ConnorwasbornonMarchtwenty-fifth,1925,inthesoutherncityof

Savannah,Georgia.Theyearshewasborn,herfatherdevelopedararediseasecalledlupus

（3良瘡）.Hediedofthediseasein1941.Bythattimethefamilywaslivinginthesmall

southerntownofMilledgeville,Georgia,inahouseownedbyFlannery'smother.

LifeinasmalltownintheAmericanSouthwaswhatO9Connorknewbest.Yetshesaid,

“Ifyouknowwhoyouare,youcangoanywhere.^^ManypeopleinthetownofMilledgeville

thoughtshewasdifferentfromothergirls.Shewaskindtoeveryone,butsheseemedtostand

toonesideofwhatwashappening,asifshewantedtoseeitbetter.Hermotherwasher

example.Hermothersaid,"Iwasbroughtuptobenicetoeveryoneandnottotellmy

businesstoanyone."

Flanneryalsodidnottalkaboutherself.Butinherwritingasilentanddistantanger

explodesfromthequietsurfaceofherstories.SomeseeherasaRomanCatholic（天主教的）

religiouswriter.Theyseeherangerasthesearchtosavehermoralbeingthroughherbeliefin

JesusChrist.Someseehernotwritingaboutthings,butpresentingthethingsthemselves.She

said,“IseetheworldfromtheperspectiveofChristianity.Thismeansthatforme,the

meaningoflifeisfocusedonChrisfsredemption（救贖）ofus,andeverythingintheworldis

relatedtoitinmyeyes."

Thefollowingyear,1949,shemovedtoNewYorkCity.Shesoonleftthecityandlived

withherfriendRobertFitzgeraldandhisfamilyinthenortheasternstateofConnecticut.

FitzgeraldsaysO9Connorneededtobealonetoworkduringtheday.Andsheneededher

friendstotalktowhenherworkwasdone.

Whilewritingherfirstnovel,WiseBlood,shewasstrickenwiththediseaselupusthat

hadkilledherfather.Thetreatmentforlupusweakenedher.ShemovedbacktoGeorgiaand

livedtherestofherlifewithhermotheronafarmoutsideMilledgeville.

4.WhomayhaveabiginfluenceonMaryFlanneryO9Connor?

A.Herfather.B.Hermother.C.Herfriends.D.Herreaders.

5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMaryFlanneryO9Connor?

A.Strong-willedandselfless.B.Optimisticandindependent.

C.Responsibleandtalkative.D.Kindandreligious.

6.WhatdowelearnaboutMaryFlanneryO9Connorfromthetext?

A.Shelivedalonelylife.B.Herlifewasfullofdifficulty.

C.Herhealthwasaffectedbylupus.D.Herstoriesrevealedhercourage.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.MaryFlanneryO'Connor'sLifetimeB.BeliefofaGreatWriter

C.WritingofMaryFlanneryO9ConnorD.KindnessofaWriter

WhenlightningcausedfiresaroundCalifornia^BigBasinRedwoodsStateParknorthof

SantaCruzinAugust2020,thefirespreadquickly.Mildfiresstrikecoastalredwood（紅杉）

forestsabouteverydecade.Thegianttreesresistburningthankstothebark（樹皮），upto

about30centimetresthickatthebase,whichcontainsacids.Theirbranchesandneedlesare

normallybeyondthereachofflames.Butthistimeflamesshotthroughthetopof100-metre-

talltrees,burningtheneedles.66Itwasshocking/9saysDrewPeltier,atreeexpertatNorthern

ArizonaUniversity.C6Itreallyseemedlikemostofthetreesweregoingtodie.”

Yetmanyofthemlived.InapaperpublishedyesterdayinNaturePlants.Peltierandhis

colleagueshelpexplainwhy:Thesurvivorsuselong-heldenergyreserves一sugarsthathad

beenmadefromsunlightdecadesearlier-andpouredthemintobuds（芽）thathadbeen

lyingdormant（休眠的）underthebarkforcenturies.

“Thisisoneofthosepapersthatchallengesourpreviousknowledgeontreegrowth,“

saysAdrianRocha,anecosystemecologistattheUniversityofNotreDame."Itisamazingto

learnthatcarbontakenupdecadesagocanbeusedtosustainitsgrowthintothefuture/9The

findingssuggestredwoodshavethetoolstocopewithbigfiresdrivenbyclimatechange,

Rochasays.Still,ifsunclearwhetherthetreescouldcopewiththeregularinfernosthat

mightoccurunderawarmerclimateenvironment.

Thefirein2020wassointensethateventhetopbranchesofmanytreesburnedandtheir

abilitytophotosynthesize（光合作用）wentupinsmokealongwiththeirpineneedles.Trees

photosynthesizetocreatesugarsandothercarbohydrates（碳水化合物），whichprovidethe

energytheyneedtogrowandrepairtissue.Treesdostoresomeofthisenergy,whichthey

cancallonduringadroughtorafterafire.Althoughtheredwoodshavesprouted（長(zhǎng)出）new

growth,Peltierandotherforestexpertswonderhowthetreeswillcopewithfarlessenergy

fromphotosynthesis,giventhatitwillbeyearsbeforetheygrowasmanyneedlesastheyhad

beforethefir已“They'realive,butIwouldbealittleconcernedfortheminthefuture."

8.Whafsspecialaboutthisbigfireforcoastalredwoodforestsin2020?

A.Itburntthetopofthetrees.B.Itwasveryclosetothelastfire.

C.Itresistedburningeffectively.D.Itcausedrelativelyminordamage.

9.Whydidredwoodssurviveinthebigfire?

A.Sugarsprotectedtheirbarks.B.Energyreservespromotedthegrowthofbuds.

C.Theygotusedtohotclimate.D.Theytookinmuchcarbontoresistfire.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inffemos“inthethirdparagraphmean?

A.Unpredictabledisasters.B.Changeableclimate.

C.Terribleenvironment.D.Uncontrollablefires.

11.WhydoesPeltierworryaboutthesurvivalofredwoods?

A.Theirtissuescan'tberepaired.B.Theycan'tsaveenergyanymore.

C.Theirenergysavedisnotsufficient.D.Theygrowtooslowly.

Thefirst-everfineforspacejunkwasissuedinearlyOctoberinacaseofoff-planet

environmentalenforcement（執(zhí)法）.Thetelevisioncompany,DishNetwork,washitwitha

$125,000finebytheUnitedStatesgovernmentforfailingtoremoveasatelliteinorbitthat

wouldhaveriskedacollision（撞擊）withotherspaceequipment,asafetyconcernthatwill

onlygrowwithtimeasoff-planetactivitiesincrease.

AccordingtoNASA,debris（碎片）orbitinginspacecantravelupto15kilometresper

second,whichisnearly10timesfasterthanthevelocity（速度）ofabullet.Ahugeamountof

damagecanbecausedbysomethingjustafewcentimetresinsize,meaningthateveryeffort

mustbetakentokeepspaceasclearaspossible.Collisionsthattakeplaceinspacehavean

effectbackonEarth.DamagedsatellitesimpactourabilitytousetheInternetandnavigation

（導(dǎo)航）,leavingincreasinglyglobalcriticalinfrastructureinanunstablestate.

Onesolutionforthismaybetosendautonomousspacevehiclesintoorbit,whichcan

thencatchandeffectivelyde-orbitspacejunk.Byutilizingtoolssuchasroboticarms,ornets,

thisapproachwillrequireveryprecisetrackandfinecooperationinordertobesuccessful.

Suchmeasuresareyettocatchupwiththeincreaseinspaceactivityandpollutioncurrently

occurring.Therefore,finesandregulatoryenforcementmaypresentlybetheonlyrealistic

methodtoholdorganizationsaccountable.

TheDishNetworksatellite,fined$125,000bytheFederalCommunications

Commission,failedtode-orbitasalackoffuelstoppedthesatellitefromfully

decommissioning（退役）asafedistancefromEarth,fallingshortbyaround75miles（120

kilometres）.Itishopedthatsignificantfineslikethesewillserveasawarningforcompanies,

forcingthemtomakesurethesafedecommissioningoftheirspaceoperations.

12.WhywasDishNetworkfined?

A.Itleftspacejunkinorbit.

B.Itincreasedoff-planetactivities.

C.Itmadecollisionsamongspaceequipment.

D.Itsenttoomuchspaceequipmenttospace.

13.Whyisitnecessarytokeepspaceclean?

A.Spacejunkmayturnintobullets.

B.Debrisfragmentsaretootinytotrack.

C.Debrismaycausegreatdamageinspace.

D.AbadspaceenvironmentwilldestroytheEarth.

14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theharmofspacejunk.B.Waystoremovespacejunk.

C.Typesofautonomousspacevehicles.D.Approachestostoppingsatellites.

15.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefines?

A.Unconcerned.B.Doubtful.C.Negative.D.Approving.

二、七選五

16.DeliciousNewYear'sSugarCookies

Thiscookierecipeisoneofmyfavouritesbecauseifssimilartothosesoft,store-bought

melt-in-your-mouthsugarcookiesthatcomeintheplasticpackaging.Eventhoughthose

cookiesareabsolutelyattractive,freshlybakedcookieswinmyhearteverysingletime,

especiallyiftheycanbemadeinlessthan30minutes.

①Plus,dependingontheoccasion,youcouldaddsimpledecorationssuch

asfrostingorthesestarsprinkles（點(diǎn)綴），whichareperfectforNewYear!

Nomatterhowyoudecoratethem,thesetreatsareperfectforyournextget-together,

especiallyifyou'repressedfortime.Soifyou'reondessertdutyforyourupcomingNew

Year'sparty,trymakingthesestarsugarcookies.②

Mixbutterandsugars

Poursugarsintoalargemixingbowlthathasmeltedbutter.Preheattheovento325°F.

Linetwobakingsheetswithpaper.Inalargemixingbowlorbowlofstandmixer,combine

the1/2cupmeltedbutter,1/4cupgranulated（砂狀的）sugarand1/4cupbrownsugar.（3）

Addiningredients

Mixinaneggandwhiskitinmixingbowl.Usearubberspatula（抹刀）tostirindry

ingredients:11/2cupall-purposeflour,1/2tsp.bakingpowder,1/2tsp.bakingsodaand1/2

tsp.salt.Mixuntilnodryspotsremain.

Scoopcookiedough（生面團(tuán)）androllinstarsprinkles

Scoopcookiedoughintohand.Usesmallcookiescooporrollabout11/2tbsp,ofcookie

doughintoaball.Addstarsprinklestoasmallbowl.（4）Placecookies,sprinkle

sideup,onalinedbakingsheet,about3to4inchesapart.

Bake

Bakethesugarcookiesfor9to11minutes,oruntiledgesareset.Letrestonthebaking

sheetforabout5minutes,thentransferthecookiestowireshelftocoolfully.

⑤Ifyou'relookingformorerecipestoyourguests,checkoutour3Holiday

Dips!

A.Mixuntilfullycombined.

B.Addsprinklestothemixer.

C.Soifseasytoseewhatyou'vegot.

D.Theyjustmightbethestardishofthenight!

E.IhopeyouenjoythesesugarcookiesthisNewYear!

F.Rollthetopofeachcookiedoughballinthestarsprinkles.

G.Notonlyisthisrecipequick,butitalsousescommoningredients.

三、完形填空（15空）

SpearmovedfromtheUnitedStatestoBeijing37yearsago.His]inChinabegan

duringcollegewhenhetookaclasstaughtbyaChinesespecialist.HisloveforChina

deepenedwhenhemethiswife-to-be,Tang,in1980,andmarriedhertwoyearslater.

In1986,hedecidedto2hisdoctoralstudiesinChinesepoliticsattheUniversity

ofCalifornia,Berkeley,andmovetoChinatogettotheheartofthings.

Hesaysthatitwasfatethatledhimto3beneaththeGreatWall.Inthe1990s,he

andhis4discoveredtheirfuturehomeinMutianyu.Fornearly10years,thecouple

spenttheirweekendsatthisbeautifulplacebeforedecidingtomakeittheir5homein

2005.

Asa（n）6,Spearrenovated（番羽新）hisdreamhouseinavillageneartheGreat

Wall,whichcomeswithmultipleviewsoftheGreatWall.Shortlyafterembracingfull-time

7life,SpearwasapproachedbyvillageheadLiLianting,whoexplainedthatMutianyu

wasrapidlylosing8andbadlyinneedoflocal9Thismotivatedthearchitectto

explorewaysof10ruralresidents.

Afterlookingintothematter,herentedanold11schoolhouseandturneditintoa

restaurantandglassartfactorytomakeit12.Hehashelpedrenovatearound2013

wherevillagersnolongerlive.He14themintohotelsorrestaurants,whichbrought

muchincometovillagers.Inrecognitionofhis15,SpearwasgiventheGreatWall

FriendshipAwardbytheBeijinggovernmentin2014.

17.A.beliefB.lifeC.interestD.future

18.A.dropoutofB.adapttoC.carryonD.concentrateon

19.A.waitB.settleC.performD.advertise

20.A.classmateB.childC.wifeD.friend

21.A.formalB.temporaryC.instantD.permanent

22.A.architectB.expertC.plannerD.gardener

23.A.urbanB.mountainC.villageD.town

24.A.residentsB.farmersC.authorsD.citizens

25.A.conferencesB.businessesC.activitiesD.landscapes

26.A.greetingB.chargingC.supportingD.memorizing

27.A.advancedB.dangerousC.grandD.abandoned

28.A.sustainableB.creativeC.worthwhileD.professional

29.A.schoolsB.factoriesC.housesD.libraries

30.A.dividedB.turnedC.brokeD.put

31.A.contributionsB.emotionC.identityD.influence

四、短文填空

32.DuringtheChristmasseason,CareBearsdressedinSantaClaushatsandother

decorations,an①一_______(adore)toyfavouredbykids,canbe②__________(easy)found

ontheshelvesofshoppingmallsintheUnitedStates.CareBearsaremulticolouredbears③

areusedongreetingcardsandlaterturnedintoplush(毛絨)bears.

Beforethesestuffedanimalsreachedtheirdestination,they④(produce)in

QinlingMountainsinChinaandjourneyedforalmostamonthacrosstheocean.

MinHua,managerofAnkangHeng9anToyLtd.,saidtheproductionofaCareBear

involvesnearly20workerscoveringeight⑤(procedure).After⑥

(apply)textile(紡織品)printingonpiecegoods,workerswouldaddembroidery(紡織品刺

繡).Then,theyusemachinestocutpatterns,sewthembyfollowingthegivendraft,⑦

stuffthem.MinHuanotedthetoyfactoryishighlylabor-hungry,andthatwas?

thecompanychosetosettledowninAnkang,wherelabourandlandcostswere

relativelylow.

(9)(ensure)quickdelivery,in2020,thelocalgovernmentandShanghai

InternationalPort(Group)Co.,Ltd.(SIPG)co-foundalogistics(物流的)companynamed

AnkangSIPG,ensuringmultimodaltransport?alowercost.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.假定你是李華，你班要布置班級(jí)英語文化墻，來激勵(lì)學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)，作為班長(zhǎng)，

請(qǐng)你給外教老師Chris寫封郵件請(qǐng)求指導(dǎo)。內(nèi)容包括：

1.教室英語文化墻設(shè)想；

2.請(qǐng)求Chris指導(dǎo)；

3.表達(dá)感謝。

注意：

L寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearChris,

Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

Britworksfulltimeasafourth-gradeteacheratKulaElementarySchool.Itwasthere

thatshemetSethSnyder,astudentwhohadflownundertheradarwithpreviousteachers.

Everyyear,Britisgivenanine-monthwindowinwhichtoconnectwithagroupofnew

students.Andwitheachbatchofnewstudents,shehopestohaveapositiveimpactontheir

lives.ButSethwasatoughcookietocrack.Forthefirstfewmonthsoftheschoolyear,she

struggledtoconnectwithherstudent,whowasshybutneverthelessapleasuretohaveinthe

classroom.

Oneday,BritshowedherstudentsaclipofskateboardersgoingalloutatTonyHawk's

rampinCalifornia.BritglancedoverandwatchedSeth'sfacelightup;shefoundtheir

connection.ShewentonestepfurthertoconnectwithSethbyinvitinghimtojoinheratthe

skateparkafterschooloneday.Insteadofexcitement,Sethshutdown.Hepolitelydeclined

histeacher9sofferandwithdrewoncemore.Inspiteofthat,Britwouldn'tgiveupsoeasily.

Sheaskedagainafewweekslater,thedaySethandhisfellowstudentswerecutloosefor

springbreak.

“Whatareyougoingtodo?”sheasked."Areyougoingtoskate?”

“No,"hemumbled,almostembarrassed.66Idon'thaveaskateboard."

Brifsheartsankintoherstomach.KulaElementarycomprisesmostlyunderprivileged

（缺少機(jī)遇的）studentswhocomefromlow-incomefamilies.TeacherslikeBrithavetotread

（行事）carefullywhenitcomestoeventhesmallestconversationsorassignments,becausea

questionasinnocentas"Whatareyourplansforspringbreak?”canbehurtful,sometimes

embarrassing,forstudentswhohavesolittle.

Britsaidtothereporter,uIfyourparentsareworkingthreejobstobeabletopayrent,of

coursethey9renotgoingtohavetimetotakeyoutoskateparkor,youknow,takeyousurfing,

orletalonebuyyouthat$400surfboardor$200skateboard.”

注意：

L續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Britsharedthestorywithherbestfriend,Zach,aprofessionalskateboarder.

Whatbeganastwopeoplecomingtogethertodoagooddeedforoneyoungboyquickly

blossomed（發(fā)展）intoagrassrootseffort.

參考答案

1.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheEiffelTower'sfirstfloorfeaturesexhibits,kid-

friendlyexperiences,andthe58TourEiffelrestaurant;thesecondfloorincludestheJules

VerneRestaurant;andthethird-floorsummit,accessibleviaaglasselevator,featuresGustave

EiflersprivateapartmentsandaChampagnebar.（埃菲爾鐵塔的第一層設(shè)有展覽、適合兒

童的體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)和58號(hào)埃菲爾鐵塔餐廳；第二層設(shè)有儒勒?凡爾納餐廳；第三層，即頂

峰，可以通過玻璃電梯到達(dá)，這里曾是古斯塔夫?埃菲爾的私人公寓，并設(shè)有一個(gè)香檳

酒吧。）”可知，埃菲爾鐵塔的第一層最受孩子的歡迎，因此可能有最多的孩子。故選

Ao

2.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Thingstoknowbeforeyougo部分中的“Ifyoupurchase

anadmissionticketforEiffelTowersummitaccess,you511headstraighttothetopbefore

stoppingatthelowerlevelsonyourdownwardjourney.（如果你購(gòu)買了通往埃菲爾鐵塔頂

峰的入場(chǎng)券，你將直接前往塔頂，然后在向下走的途中再參觀較低的樓層。）”可知，

如果你購(gòu)買了通往埃菲爾鐵塔頂峰的入場(chǎng)券，你將直接前往塔頂，然后在向下走的途

中再參觀較低的樓層。因此，持有頂峰入場(chǎng)券可以到達(dá)塔頂。故選D。

3.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章詳細(xì)介紹了埃菲爾鐵塔的歷史、結(jié)

構(gòu)、參觀事項(xiàng)以及如何到達(dá)等信息，這些都是旅游宣傳冊(cè)中常見的內(nèi)容。文章的目的

在于為讀者提供關(guān)于埃菲爾鐵塔的詳細(xì)信息，幫助他們更好地了解和規(guī)劃參觀行程。

因此，這篇文章很可能來自于一本旅游宣傳冊(cè)或旅游指南。故選B。

4.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Hermotherwasherexample.Hermothersaid,“Iwas

broughtuptobenicetoeveryoneandnottotellmybusinesstoanyone.^^（她的母親是她的

榜樣。她的母親說:“我從小就被教導(dǎo)要對(duì)每個(gè)人都好，不要把自己的事告訴任何

人?！保蓖浦?，她的母親可能對(duì)她有很大的影響。故選B。

5.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shewaskindtoeveryone（她對(duì)每個(gè)人都很好）“，以

及第三段中“Shesaid,"IseetheworldfromtheperspectiveofChristianity.Thismeansthat

forme,themeaningoflifeisfocusedonChrisfsredemption（救贖）ofus,andeverythingin

theworldisrelatedtoitinmyeyes."（她說:“我從基督教的角度看世界。這意味著，對(duì)我

來說，生命的意義集中在基督對(duì)我們的救贖上，世界上的一切都與此有關(guān)?！睉敉浦?，

MaryFlanneryO'Connor是善良且對(duì)宗教虔誠(chéng)的。故選D。

6.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Whilewritingherfirstnovel,WiseBlood,shewas

strickenwiththediseaselupusthathadkilledherfather.Thetreatmentforlupusweakened

her.ShemovedbacktoGeorgiaandlivedtherestofherlifewithhermotheronafarm

outsideMiUedgeville.（在寫她的第一部小說《智慧之血》時(shí)，她患上了奪去她父親生命

的紅斑狼瘡。狼瘡的治療使她虛弱了。她搬回了喬治亞州，和母親一起在米利奇維爾

郊外的一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)里度過了余生。）”可知，MaryFlanneryO'Connor的健康受到了紅斑狼

瘡的影響。故選C。

7.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段中“MaryFlanneryO'Connorwasbomon

Marchtwenty-fifth,1925,inthesoutherncityofSavannah,Georgia.（瑪麗?弗蘭納里?奧康納

于1925年3月25日出生在佐治亞州南部城市薩凡納。）”、第四段中“Thefollowing

year,1949,shemovedtoNewYorkCity.（第二年，也就是1949年,她搬到了紐約。）”以

及最后一段中“ShemovedbacktoGeorgiaandlivedtherestofherlifewithhermotherona

farmoutsideMilledgeville.（她搬回了喬治亞州，和母親一起在米利奇維爾郊外的一個(gè)農(nóng)

場(chǎng)里度過了余生。）”可知，文章講述了美國(guó)作家瑪麗?弗蘭納里?奧康納的性格、處事方

式、工作方式、寫作特點(diǎn)及生活經(jīng)歷。因此A項(xiàng)“瑪麗?弗蘭納里?奧康納的一生”可作為

本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。

8.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Mildfiresstrikecoastalredwoodforestsaboutevery

decade.Thegianttreesresistburningthankstothebark,uptoabout30centimetresthickat

thebase,whichcontainsacids.Theirbranchesandneedlesarenormallybeyondthereachof

flames.Butthistimeflamesshotthroughthetopof100-metre-talltrees,burningthe

needles.（沿海紅杉森林大約每十年發(fā)生一次輕度火災(zāi)。由于紅杉下部的樹皮厚達(dá)約30

厘米且含有酸，大樹可以在火中抗燃燒。它們的樹枝和針葉通常是火焰無法觸及的，

但這一次，火焰穿透了100米高的樹頂，點(diǎn)燃了針葉）”可推知，這次的大火燒了樹

頂。故選A。

9.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第二段“Yetmanyofthemlived.Inapaperpublishedyesterdayin

NaturePlants,Peltierandhiscolleagueshelpexplainwhy:Thesurvivorsuselong-held

energyreserves——sugarsthathadbeenmadefromsunlightdecadesearlier——andpouredthem

intobuds（芽）thathadbeenlyingdormant（休眠的）underthebarkforcenturies.（然而，它

們中的許多活了下來。在昨天發(fā)表在《自然植物》雜志上的一篇論文中，Peltier和他

的同事解釋了其中的原因：存活下來的植物利用長(zhǎng)期儲(chǔ)存的能量?jī)?chǔ)備——幾十年前從

陽光中產(chǎn)生的糖——并將它們注入在陽光下休眠了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的花蕾中）”可知，很多紅

杉活了下來，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂昧碎L(zhǎng)期保存的能量?jī)?chǔ)備—幾十年前從陽光中提取的糖一

—促進(jìn)了新芽的生長(zhǎng)。故選B。

10.答案：D

解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Thefindingssuggestredwoodshavethetoolsto

copewithbigfiresdrivenbyclimatechange,Rochasays.（Rocha說，研究結(jié)果表明，紅

杉擁有應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化引發(fā)的大火的工具）“結(jié)合"Still,ifsunclearwhetherthetreescould

copewiththeregularinfernosthatmightoccurunderawarmerclimateenvironment.^^中的

“thatmightoccurunderawarmerclimateenvironment”是infernos的定語從句，我們可以

推斷出，氣候變暖環(huán)境下可能發(fā)生定期的不可控的火災(zāi)，故infernos的意思可能是“無

法控制的大火”。故選D。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Althoughtheredwoodshavesproutednewgrowth,

Peltierandotherforestexpertswonderhowthetreeswillcopewithfarlessenergyfrom

photosynthesis,giventhatitwillbeyearsbeforetheygrowasmanyneedlesastheyhad

beforethefire.（盡管紅杉已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)出了新枝，但珀?duì)柕侔：推渌謱＜蚁胫?，考慮到

紅杉需要數(shù)年才能長(zhǎng)出大火前那么多的針葉，它們將如何應(yīng)對(duì)光合作用產(chǎn)生的能量大

大減少）“可推知，Peltier擔(dān)心紅杉的生存是因?yàn)楣?jié)約的能源不夠。故選C。

12.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thetelevisioncompany,DishNetwork,washitwitha

$125,000finebytheUnitedStatesgovernmentforfailingtoremoveasatelliteinorbitthat

wouldhaveriskedacollision（撞擊）withotherspaceequipment（電視公司DishNetwork被

美國(guó)政府處以12.5萬美元的罰款，原因是未能移除軌道上的一顆衛(wèi)星，否則可能會(huì)與

其他太空設(shè)備發(fā)生碰撞。）”可知，DishNetwork被罰款是因?yàn)槲茨芤瞥壍郎系男l(wèi)

星，即把太空垃圾留在軌道上。故選A。

13.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ahugeamountofdamagecanbecausedbysomething

justafewcentimetresinsize,meaningthateveryeffortmustbetakentokeepspaceasclear

aspossible.CollisionsthattakeplaceinspacehaveaneffectbackonEarth.Damaged

satellitesimpactourabilitytousetheInternetandnavigation（導(dǎo)航），leavingincreasingly

globalcriticalinfrastructureinanunstablestate.（只有幾厘米大小的東西就能造成巨大的

破壞，這意味著必須盡一切努力保持空間盡可能的干凈。在太空中發(fā)生的碰撞會(huì)對(duì)地

球產(chǎn)生影響。損壞的衛(wèi)星影響了我們使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和導(dǎo)航的能力，使越來越多的全球關(guān)

鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施處于不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。）”可知，許多碎片在太空會(huì)造成巨大破壞，因此要保持

太空清潔。故選C。

14.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)本段首句"Onesolutionforthismaybetosendautonomousspace

vehiclesintoorbit,whichcanthencatchandeffectivelyde-orbitspacejunk.（一個(gè)解決方案

可能是將自動(dòng)太空飛行器送入軌道，然后它可以捕獲并有效地使太空垃圾脫離軌

道。）”和最后一句"Therefbre,finesandregulatoryenforcementmaypresentlybetheonly

realisticmethodtoholdorganizationsaccountable.（因此，罰款和監(jiān)管執(zhí)法可能是目前唯

一現(xiàn)實(shí)的方法，讓組織承擔(dān)責(zé)任。）”可知，本段主要介紹了清理太空垃圾的辦法。故

選B。

15.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Therefore,finesandregulatoryenforcement

maypresentlybetheonlyrealisticmethodtoholdorganizationsaccountable.（因止匕，罰款和

監(jiān)管執(zhí)法可能是目前唯一現(xiàn)實(shí)的方法，讓組織承擔(dān)責(zé)任。廣和最后一段中“Itishoped

thatsignificantfineslikethesewillserveasawarningforcompanies,forcingthemtomake

surethesafedecommissioningoftheirspaceoperations.（人們希望，像這樣的巨額罰款將

對(duì)公司起到警告作用，迫使它們確保其太空業(yè)務(wù)的安全退役。廣推知，作者對(duì)罰款這

種措施持支持態(tài)度。故選D。

16.答案：①-⑤GDAFE

解析：①根據(jù)上段末句"especiallyiftheycanbemadeinlessthan30minutes.（特別是如果

它們可以在30分鐘內(nèi)完成。）"和下文"Plus,dependingontheoccasion,youcouldadd

simpledecorationssuchasfrostingorthesestarsprinkles（點(diǎn)綴），whichareperfectforNew

Year!（此外，根據(jù)不同的場(chǎng)合，你可以添加一些簡(jiǎn)單的裝飾，比如糖霜或這些星星糖，

這些都是新年的完美選擇！廣中的plus可知，空處應(yīng)介紹新年糖餅食譜的一個(gè)好處一

一節(jié)約日寸間oG項(xiàng)“Notonlyisthisrecipequick,butitalsousescommoningredients.（這個(gè)

食譜不僅快，而且用的都是常見的食材。戶符合語境，上下文連接自然。故選G。

②空處位于段末，應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Soifyou5reondessertdutyforyourupcoming

NewYear'sparty,trymakingthesestarsugarcookies.（所以，如果你要為即將到來的新年

派對(duì)準(zhǔn)備甜點(diǎn)，試試做這些星形糖餅干吧。）”可知，作者建議人們?yōu)樾履曛谱餍切物?/p>

干。D項(xiàng)“Theyjustm