河南省商丘地區(qū)重點高中聯(lián)考2023-2024學年高二下學期期末考試英語試題（含答案）

-2024學年河南省商丘地區(qū)重點高中聯(lián)考高二下學期期末考試英語試卷考試時間：120分鐘注意事項:

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷（選擇題）一、閱讀理解：本大題共16小題，共38分。ALately，an86.6-metre-tallmass-timber（拼接木材）towerinMilwaukee，WisconsindesignedbyKorb+AssociatesArchitects，hasbeencertifiedastheworld'stallesttimberbuilding.Locatedinaneighbourhoodnearthelakefront，the25-storeytowerismadealmostentirelyfromtimberexceptforthebase，elevatorsandstairshafts（豎井）.

Thestructuretookonlytwoyearstobuild.Ithasaconcrete-framedpodium（基座）atthebasethatissixstoreystallandthe19-storeytimbertowerrisesfromthepodium.Thecorecontainingtheelevatorshaftandstaircaseismadeofconcretetohelpthebuildingdealwithwindandearthquakes，aswellasforfiresafetyreasons."Ourcoresareconcrete，"Korb+AssociatesArchitectsfounderJasonKorbsaid.

ThorntonTomasettiassociateAlejandroFernandez，whoworkedontheproject，saidthatthecityrequiredathree-hourfireratingforthecolumns，sotheteamworkedwiththeForestProductsLaboratorytooptimizethecolumnstomeetthisstandard."Wethinkitwasthefirstthree-hourfiretestingoncolumns，"saidFernandez，addingthatthefloorplateshadatwo-hourrating，meaningthecomponentscanburnfortwohourswithoutlosingstructuralintegrity.

Becauseofrequirementspreventingexternalwoodexposureandthedeveloper'sdesiretocapturethelakeviews，theoutsideofthestructureismadealmostentirelyofglassandmetalpanelling.

BothKorbandFernandezagreedthatmanyofthedriversbehindtheprojectwereeconomic——fromtherealestateperspectiveofthefacade（建筑物正面）tothecostrestrictionsofthetimber.MuchofthewoodwassourcedfromAustriabecausesourcinghigh-qualitysuppliesfromNorthAmericanmanufacturerswouldhavebeentooexpensive.Economicbenefitswereincreasedbylabourusageoftheproject.Korbestimatedthattheprojectusedabout25percentoftheonsitelabourrequiredforaconcretestructureandthatitwascompletedinabouthalfthetime.

BothFernandezandKorbbelievethatthetowerwillprovidefurtherproofofconceptfordeveloperswhoarelookingtocreateinnovativestructuresfromtimber.Andmid-risedevelopmentslikethesethat"attractpeopletotheurbancore"area"good"thing，Korbadded.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthebuilding？______A.Itisabout19-storeytall.

B.Itscoresaremadeoftimber.

C.Itisthetallestbuildingintheworld.

D.Itcanstandthree-hourfiretestingoncolumns.2.Whereisthewoodusedforconstructionfrom？______A.Austria. B.NorthAmerica.

C.TheWisconsinstate. D.TheForestProductsLaboratory.3.WhatdoesKorbthinkoftheproject？______A.Itistime-saving. B.Itisdifficultandcostly.

C.Itisenvironment-friendly. D.Itisenergy-consuming.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph？______A.Moredeveloperswillchoosetimbertobuildtallbuildings.

B.Thetimbertowerisagoodexampleofinnovativestructure.

C.Mid-risedevelopmentswillbecomemoreandmorepopular.

D.Innovativestructuresfromtimberwillneedmoreimprovements.B

Cyberspace（網(wǎng)絡空間）isconstantlydevelopingandpresentingnewopportunities,asthedesireofbusinessestoquicklyadoptnewtechnologies,suchasusingtheInternettoopennewchannelsandadoptingcloudservices,providesvastopportunity.But,italsobringsunexpectedrisksandunintendedconsequencesthatcanhaveapotentiallynegativeeffect.

Hardlyadaygoesbywithoutnewsofanewcyberthreat.Unfortunately,businessestendtomisjudgehowmuchrisktheyfacefromcybercrimesandhowquicklythisriskcandevelop.Forthem,thecommercial,reputationalandfinancialrisksthatgowithcyberspacepresencearerealandgrowingeveryday.

Soallbusinessesneedtodonowisestablishcybersecuritywithintheirorganization,right?

Establishingcybersecurityaloneisnotenough.Nowadays,itisnotverydifficultforattackerstobreaksecurityandstoptheoverallbusinesssystem.Preventivemeasuresarenotenoughtostopthem.Withtheadvancementoftechnology,hackers（黑客）havebeenchanginganddeveloping.Sobusinessriskmanagementshouldincluderiskresilience（復原力）sothatbusinessescanrespondtoanydamagingcyberspaceactivity.Cyberresiliencehelpsbusinessessuccessfullyrecovertotheirpre-attackbusinessprocessesandbusinessoperations.

Buildingcyberresilienceisnoteasy.Akeyfindingofanauthenticcyber-resiliencereportisthatnoorganizationcanrespondeffectivelyonitsowntothethreatsfromcyberspace.Organisationsmustworktogethertoshareintelligenceandresources.Inthisway,thequality,usabilityandauthenticityofintelligencewillbegreatlyimproved.5.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakethedevelopmentofcyberspaceknown.

B.Toshowthegreatcontributionsfrombusiness.

C.Tomakethetechnologiesadoptedbybusinessesattractive.

D.Tomakethetopicappealing.6.Fromtheauthor'sperspective,businessesare______.A.lackinginawarenessofcybersafety

B.financiallyabundant

C.managedsuccessfully

D.developedinjudgment7.Cyberresilienceiscurrentlynecessaryforthereasonthat______.A.itcanpreventattacks

B.threatsarealwaystransforming

C.cybersecuritydoesn'tworknow

D.itkeepsallthehackersofftheinternet8.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Effectiveresiliencecanbebuiltbyanorganizationalone.

B.Jointeffortsarerequiredintheformationoftrueresilience.

C.Agreatamountofdifficultypreventedbuildingresilience.

D.Thecyberspacethreatisnothingwhencooperationisused.CTheplasticvaluechainfacestwokeychallenges：controllingplasticwasteandreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Thechemicalindustryhasauniqueroletoplayinaddressingthesechallenges.Cooperationbetweenupstreamanddownstreampartnersisessentialtodevelopsolutionsthatreduceplasticpollutionandemissionsinplasticproduction.SABIC（SaudiBasicIndustriesCorporation）isattheforefrontoftheseefforts.

SABIChassetspecificgoals，includingacommitmenttoachievecarbonneutrality（碳中和）by2050.Torealizethisgoal，thecompanyhasoutlinedaCarbonNeutralityRoadmapthatfocusesonfivepathways：energyefficiency；renewableenergy；electrification；carboncapture，usageandstorage（CCUS）；andgreen/bluehydrogen.

Recognizingthescaleofthechallenges，SABICunderstandsthatprogresscannotbemadealone.Thecompanyactivelycooperatesthroughinitiatives，suchastheLow—CarbonEmittingTechnologies（LCET）initiative，wherechemicalcompaniesworktogethertoacceleratethedevelopmentoftechnologysolutionsforcarbonneutrality.

Partnershipsarealsovitalinaddressingplasticwaste.SABICisafoundingmemberoftheAlliance（聯(lián)盟）toEndPlasticWaste，anorganizationthatbringsstakeholders（利益相關者）fromacrossthevaluechaintogethertotakecollectiveactionontheground.Theallianceworkstowardsafuturewhereplasticproductsneverendupinlandfillsoroceans，butinsteadarereusedortransformedintonewproducts.SABICisalsoactivelyinvolvedindrivingthetransitionfromalineartoacircularcarboneconomy.Asresponsibleplasticproducers，SABICrecognizestheimportanceofofferingsustainablematerialstocustomers.

Althoughthechemicalindustryhasmadesignificantprogress，thereisstillmoreworktodotoachievethegoals.SABICisalreadymakingprogressonthecomplex，long—termeffortrequiredandwillcontinuetopartnerwithotherstoincreasethesolutionsneededtopushmeaningfulchange.9.Whatkindofdifficultyistheplasticvaluechainfacedwith？______A.Exploringrenewableenergy. B.Reducingplasticproduction.

C.Decreasingplasticpollution. D.Achievingcarbonneutrality.10.Whatisvitalforchemicalcompaniesaccordingtoparagraph3andparagraph4？______A.Technologydevelopment. B.Partners'cooperation.

C.Carbonneutrality. D.Sustainabledevelopment.11.WhichbestdescribesSABIC'sefforts？______A.Fruitless. B.Predictable. C.Frustrating. D.Rewarding.12.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.SABIC：Aleadermappingthepathforward.

B.SABIC：Aleadersolvingtheplasticpollution.

C.SABIC：Aleaderreducinggreenhousegasemission.

D.SABIC：Aleaderfoundingtheplasticvaluechain.DOnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones，onaverage，344timesaday——onceeveryfourminutes——andspendalmostthreehoursadayontheirdevicesintotal.Theproblemformanyofusisthatonequickphone-relatedtaskleadstoaquickcheckofouremailorsocialmediafeeds，andsuddenlywe'vebeensuckedintoendlessscrolling（滾屏）.

It'saviciouscircle.Themoreusefulourphonesbecome，themoreweusethem.Themoreweusethem，themorewelayneuralpathwaysinourbrainsthatleadtopickingupourphonesforwhatevertaskisathand——andthemorewefeelanurgetocheckourphoneevenwhenwedon'thaveto.

Whatwedoknowisthatthesimpledistractionofcheckingaphoneorseeinganotificationcanhavenegativeconsequences.Thisisn'tverysurprising；weknowthat，ingeneral，multitaskingharmsmemoryandperformance.Oneofthemostdangerousexamplesisphoneusewhiledriving.

Inanotherrecentstudy，researchersaskedparticipantstoeitherputtheirphonesnexttothemsotheywerevisible（likeonadesk），nearbyandoutofsight（likeinabagorpocket），orinanotherroom.Participantsthencompletedaseriesoftaskstotesttheirabilitiestoprocessandrememberinformation，theirproblem-solving，andtheirfocus.Theywerefoundtoperformfarbetterwhentheirphoneswereinanotherroominsteadofnearby——whethervisible，poweredonornot.Thatheldtrueeventhoughmostoftheparticipantsclaimednottobeconsciously（有意識地）thinkingabouttheirdevices.

Themereproximity（靠近）ofaphone，itseems，contributesto"braindrain"Ourbrainsmaybesubconsciouslyhardatworkincontrollingthedesiretocheckourphones，orconstantlymonitoringtheenvironmenttoseeifweshouldcheckourphone（eg，waitingforanotification）.Eitherway，thisdivertedattentioncanmakedoinganythingelsemoredifficult.Theonly"fix"，theresearchersfound，wasputtingthedeviceinadifferentroomentirely.13.Howdoestheauthorbringupthetopicofthetext？______A.Byofferingapieceofnews.

B.Bysharingamagazinearticle.

C.Bydescribinghisownexperience.

D.Bycitingpreviousresearchfindings.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vicious"inParagraph2probablymean？______A.Full. B.Magic. C.Tight. D.Bad.15.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodotoavoidmobilephonedistraction？______A.Neverwaitforanotification.

B.Useourphoneaslittleaspossible.

C.Stayawayfromourphonewhendoingthings.

D.Focusononethingwhenfinishingdifficultthings.16.What'sthebesttitleforthetext？______A.TheProsandConsofUsingMobilePhones.

B.HowHaveMobilePhonesChangedOurBrainsNegatively？

C.TheConsequencesofUsingMobilePhones.

D.DoYouWanttoControltheDesiretoCheckYourMobilePhones？二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。Conflictisanormalpartofanyhealthyrelationship.（1）______Thekeyisnottofearortrytoavoidconflictbuttolearnhow，tosolveitinahealthyway.

Whenconflictismismanaged，itcancausegreatharmtoarelationship，but，whenhandledinarespectful，positiveway，（2）______Whetheryou'reexperiencingconflict，athome，work，orschool，learningskillscanhelpyouresolvedifferencesinahealthywayandbuildstronger，morerewardingrelationships.

（3）______Itoccurswheneverpeopledisagreeovertheirvalues，motivations，perceptions，ideas，ordesires.Sometimesthesedifferencesappeartrivial，butwhenaconflicttriggersstrongfeelings，adeeppersonalneedisoftenatthecoreoftheproblem.Theseneedscanrangefromtheneedtofeelsafeandsecureorrespectedandvalued，totheneedforgreaterclosenessandintimacy.

Thinkabouttheopposingneedsofatoddlerandaparent.Thechild'sneedistoexplore，soventuringtothestreetorthecliffedgemeetsthatneed.Buttheparent'sneedistoprotectthechild'ssafety，aheedthatcanonlybemetbylimitingthetoddler'sexploration.（4）______

Theabilitytosuccessfullyresolveconflictdependsonyourabilityto：（5）______Bystayingcalm，youcanaccuratelyreadandinterpretverbalandnonverbalcommunication.Controlyouremotionsandbehavior.Whenyou'reincontrolofyouremotions，youcancommunicateyourneedswithoutthreatening，intimidating，orpunishingothers.

A.Sincetheseneedsaredifferent，conflictarises.

B.Conflictarisesfromdifferences，bothlargeandsmall.

C.Managestressquicklywhileremainingalertandcalm.

D.Conflicttriggersstrongemotionsandcanleadtohurtfeeling.

E.Differingneedscanresultinbrokendeals，decreasedprofitsandlostjobs.

F.Afterall，twopeoplecan'tbeexpectedtoagreeoneverythingallthetime.

G.Conflictprovidesanopportunitytostrengthenthebondbetweentwopeople.17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G21.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大題共20小題，共30分。Untilrecentlyinthedevelopedworld，mostmarriedcouplesadoptedtraditionalroles，withthehusbandworkingoutsidethehomeandthewifetakingcareofthechildrenandthehouse.Althoughmanyfamiliesstillfollowthis（1）______，thoseroleshavebecomeless（2）______.Anumberoffactorshavecontributedtothischange.（3）______，perhapsasaconsequenceoffeminism（女權運動），peoplehavebegunto（4）______thatone's（5）______shouldnotdetermineone'srole.Asa（6）______，peoplefeeltheyhave"（7）______"todecidewhattheywanttodoinlife.It'snolonger（8）______formentowanttobetheprimarycaregiverorhomemaker.Similarly，manywomenwould（9）______toentertheworkingworldinsteadofstayingathome.Moreover，alargenumberofwomenhave（10）______advancedacademicprofessionaltraining，（11）______themwithasignificantearningpotential.

Ontheotherhand，factorsotherthanpersonalchoicehave（12）______tothefluidity（不穩(wěn)定性）ofgenderroles.Lifehasbecomemoreexpensiveandit's（13）______forafamilytoexistononlyoneincome，requiringmarriedwomentoleavethehometo（14）______moneytohelpsupportthefamily.（15）______，thenumberoftwo-incomehouseholdshas（16）______rapidly.Anddespitethefactthatwomenonaveragestillearn（17）______thanmenforthesamejob，theirincomeshavebecomean（18）______componentofsurvivalandprosperityintoday'sworld.Insimilarfashion，aman'sdecisionto（19）______athomemaynotbevoluntary.Intheeventhehaslosthisjob，hisdecisiontostayathomemightbeoneof（20）______，notchoice.22.A.tradition B.role C.rule D.truth23.A.unstable B.changeable C.unchangeable D.loose24.A.Whereas B.Ontheonehand C.While D.Nevertheless25.A.believe B.choose C.trust D.decide26.A.family B.income C.choice D.gender27.A.result B.reason C.choice D.female28.A.permit B.permission C.allowance D.licence29.A.beneficial B.advantageous C.harmful D.shameful30.A.refuse B.proceed C.prefer D.hate31.A.missed B.learned C.achieved D.succeeded32.A.giving B.offering C.affording D.providing33.A.denied B.contributed C.corresponded D.donated34.A.convenient B.difficult C.easy D.traditional35.A.spend B.donate C.earn D.collect36.A.Yet B.However C.Frequently D.Consequently37.A.grown B.decreased C.enhanced D.reduced38.A.little B.less C.much D.more39.A.ordinary B.unlimited C.unnecessary D.essential40.A.support B.leave C.stay D.survive41.A.necessity B.opportunities C.decisions D.possibilities第II卷（非選擇題）四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。42.RyuseiOuchitakesadeepbreathasheuseshiscane（手杖）tofeelouttheedgeofthethree-metre-highramp（斜坡），walkstotheedgeandthendropsin.

Likeallskateboarders，therushofair，thethrilloftheride，thesenseofachievementincompletingatrickare（1）______drewthe19-year-oldtothesport.Unlikeotherboarders，however，Ouchiisalmost（2）______（complete）blind.

Ouchiwasbornwithperfectvisionbutsincebeingdiagnosed（診斷）with（3）______eyeconditionattheageofsevenhissighthasworsenedtothepointwhereheneedsacanetonavigatehislocalskateparkinTokorozawa，northofTokyo.

Droppinginofflargeramps，ridingrailsandevenperforminghandstandtricks，Ouchihasimpressedthelocalskateboardingcommunityandearnedhimaconsiderablefollowingonsocialmedia.Heiswellaware（4）______thedangersbutsaysitcomeswiththeterritory.

Ouchi（5）______（start）skateboardingat15whenhiseyesightbegantoworsenfaster.Herealizedhewantedtolearn（6）______itwastoolate.

SkateboardingwithfriendsgaveOuchianoutlettoexpress（7）______（he）andhenowheadstotheskateparkseveral（8）______（time）aweek.Ittookhimawhile（9）______（become）fullyaccustomedtothelayout，hesaid，butnowhehasagoodmentalpictureofhissurroundings，（10）______（free）himuptoperformmoretricks.(1)______(2)______(3)______(4)______(5)______(6)______(7)______(8)______(9)______(10)______五、書面表達：本大題共2小題，共50分。43.在越來越激烈的學習競爭中，目前高二的一些學生也存在不同程度的心理問題。請你以"HowtoImproveStudents'MentalHealth"為題寫一篇短文，向?qū)W校英文報投稿。

要求如下：

（1）采取正確的態(tài)度。

（2）尋求幫助。

（3）保持有規(guī)律運動的習慣。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右；

（2）thementalhealthconsultingroom（心理健康咨詢室）

HowtoImproveStudents'MentalHealth_______44.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

MerchantTovellovedattention.Knowingthatpeoplewouldlistenifhehadnewstoshare，hewentaroundhisvillagemakingupstoriesaboutthelocalrabbi（猶太教神職人員）.

"Hemixesdairyandmeat!"saidTovel.

Thetownspeopleshooktheirheads，fortheyallknewthatdairyandmeatmustnotbemixedinthecourseofanymeal.

"Andhesneaks（偷拿）foodonYomKippur，"addedTovel.

"NotYomKippur!"criedthetownspeople.

FornotonlyisYomKippurthemostimportantfastingdayoftheyear，butitisalsotheholiestJewishholiday.

Later，aloneinhishome，thetalebearerfeltbadaboutwhathehaddone.Hisstoriesabouttherabbihadspreadquickly."Iwillgototherabbiandbeghimforforgiveness，"hedecided.Thenallwouldbewellagain.

Thenextmorning，hewenttothetempleandknockedonthedoor."Rabbi，"hecalled，"itismerchantTovel，comingtoseeyouaboutanimportantmatter."

"Comein，Tovel，"therabbisaidwarmly，openingthedoor.

Inamatterofmoments，Toveltoldtherabbiallthethingshehadsaid.Thenheasked，"WhatcanIdotomakethingsright？"

Therabbithoughtforamoment，thentoldhim，"Youmusttakeafeatherpillow（枕頭），cutitopen，andfeedthefeatherstothewind."

Tovelthoughtthattherabbi'ssuggestionwasstrange，butthetaskseemedsimpleenough.Andifitwouldtakeawaytheguilthefelt，thenwhynotdoit？Tovelthankedtherabbiandquicklyleftthetemple.Athome，thetalebearergrabbedafeatherpillow，waitedfortheafternoonwindstopickup，thenclimbedtothetopofahill.There，hecutopenthepillowandwatchedthefeathersfloatfarandwideacrosstheland.Satisfied，Tovelreturnedtotelltherabbiofhisdeed."Nowgoandgatherthosefeathers，"therabbicommanded.

注意：

續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；

"Buttheyareeverywhere!"Tovelcried."HowwillIgetthemall？"___________

Feelingdisappointed，Tovelreturnedtotelltherabbiaboutthefeathershecouldn'tcollect.__________2023-2024學年河南省商丘地區(qū)重點高中聯(lián)考高二下學期期末考試英語試卷（答案和解析）【答案】1.D 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B

8.B 9.C 10.B 11.D 12.A 13.D 14.D

15.C 16.B 17.F 18.G 19.B 20.A 21.C

22.A 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.A 28.B

29.D 30.C 31.C 32.D 33.B 34.B 35.C

36.D 37.A 38.B 39.D 40.C 41.A 42.【小題1】what【小題2】completely【小題3】an【小題4】of【小題5】started【小題6】before【小題7】himself【小題8】times【小題9】tobecome【小題10】freeing43.HowtoImproveStudents'MentalHealthWiththeincreasinglyfiercestudycompetition，thereisnodoubtthatmentalproblemshavebecomeaheatedissuewhichisrelatedtodailylife.Nowadays，itiswidelyacknowledgedthatmentalhealthplaysanimportantroleinstudents'life.Weshouldtaketherightattitudetowardsthesituation.（話題）

AsfarasI'mconcerned，onnoaccountshouldweignorethesignificanceofmentalhealth.Aboveall，weshouldkeepanoptimisticattitudeandbravelyfaceitintermsofourworkandstudy.What'smore，ifwehavedifficultywithpainsandpuzzles，communicatewithourparents，teachersorfriendstoreleaseourstress.Weshouldnothesitatetogotothementalhealthconsultingroomforhelp.（尋求幫助）Lastbutnotleast，keepahabitofdoingsportsregularly，whichisofgreatbenefittous.【高分句型一】Onlyinthiswaycanweimproveourmentalhealth.【高分句型二】（保持有規(guī)律運動的習慣）44."But

they

are

everywhere!"

Tovel

cried."How

will

I

get

them

all？"The

rabbi

said，"Words

are

like

feathers

scattered

by

the

wind.Once

you

let

them

out，you

can

never

take

them

back.

"

Understanding

the

consequences

of

his

gossip，Tovel

set

out

to

do

as

the

rabbi

had

instructed.【高分句型一】He

managed

to

collect

most

of

the

feathers

that

he

had

scattered

in

town

but

a

few

were

blown

too

far

away

for

him

to

get.【高分句型二】（托維爾收集被風吹散的羽毛的經(jīng)過）

Feeling

disappointed，Tovel

returned

to

tell

the

rabbi

about

the

feathers

he

couldn't

collect.The

rabbi

smiled

and

replied，"Those

feathers

may

be

gone

forever，but

you

can

start

today

to

speak

kindly

and

truthfully.This

way，you

won't

have

to

worry

about

chasing

feathers

in

the

wind

again."

Tovel

left

the

temple，feeling

relieved

and

with

a

new-found

understanding

about

the

power

of

his

words.From

that

day

on，he

no

longer

felt

the

need

to

fabricate

stories

or

gossip

about

others.He

made

efforts

to

speak

kindly

and

truthfully，and

bydoing

so，he

won

back

the

respect

of

his

villagers.（拉比告訴托維爾一些道理以及托維爾的內(nèi)心感受）【解析】1~4.（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中sotheteamworkedwiththeForestProductsLaboratorytooptimizethecolumnstomeetthisstandard."Wethinkitwasthefirstthree-hourfiretestingoncolumns，"saidFernandez（因此該團隊與森林產(chǎn)品實驗室合作，優(yōu)化這些柱子，以滿足這一標準。費爾南德斯說："我們認為這是對柱子進行的第一次三小時的防火測試。"）可知，關于這棟樓我們知道它的柱子可以經(jīng)受三個小時的防火測試。故選D。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中MuchofthewoodwassourcedfromAustriabecausesourcinghigh-qualitysuppliesfromNorthAmericanmanufacturerswouldhavebeentooexpensive.（大部分木材來自奧地利，因為從北美制造商那里采購高質(zhì)量的木材成本太高。）可知，建筑用的木材來自奧地利。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Korbestimatedthattheprojectusedabout25percentoftheonsitelabourrequiredforaconcretestructureandthatitwascompletedinabouthalfthetime.（Korb估計，該項目使用了混凝土結構所需的25%的現(xiàn)場勞動力，并在大約一半的時間內(nèi)完成。）可推知，Korb認為這個項目很省時。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段BothFernandezandKorbbelievethatthetowerwillprovidefurtherproofofconceptfordeveloperswhoarelookingtocreateinnovativestructuresfromtimber.（Fernandez和Korb都認為，這座塔將為那些尋求用木材創(chuàng)造創(chuàng)新結構的開發(fā)商提供進一步的概念證明。）可推知，木塔是創(chuàng)新結構的一個很好的例子。故選B。

這篇短文主要介紹了位于威斯康星州密爾沃基市的一座86.6米高的木結構塔樓，該塔樓被認證為世界上最高的木結構建筑。該塔樓幾乎完全由木材構成，除了底部、電梯和樓梯井外。該結構僅用了兩年時間建成，底部有一個六層高的混凝土框架基座，19層高的木結構塔樓從基座上升。建筑的核心部分采用混凝土制成，以應對風災、地震和火災安全等問題。外部幾乎全部由玻璃和金屬板材構成。該項目的驅(qū)動力主要是經(jīng)濟因素，從房地產(chǎn)角度來看，外立面的要求以及木材成本限制等。許多木材來自奧地利，因為從北美制造商那里采購高質(zhì)量的木材將會太昂貴。該塔樓的建設也增加了勞動力的使用，節(jié)約了時間和成本。該塔樓將為希望創(chuàng)造創(chuàng)新木結構建筑的開發(fā)商提供進一步的概念證明。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。5~8.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。網(wǎng)絡的迅速發(fā)展帶來了機遇的同時，也帶來了意想不到的風險和意想不到的后果。作者認為所有企業(yè)現(xiàn)在需要做的就是聯(lián)合起來在組織內(nèi)建立網(wǎng)絡安全。

1.

根據(jù)第一段最后一句But,italsobringsunexpectedrisksandunintendedconsequencesthatcanhaveapotentiallynegativeeffect.（但是，它也帶來了意想不到的風險和可能產(chǎn)生潛在負面影響的意想不到的后果。）可知，第一段是為了吸引對網(wǎng)絡空間的潛在危險的關注，即讓話題更吸引人。故選D。

2.

根據(jù)第二段Unfortunately,businessestendtomisjudgehowmuchrisktheyfacefromcybercrimesandhowquicklythisriskcandevelop.（不幸的是，企業(yè)往往會誤判他們面臨的網(wǎng)絡犯罪風險有多大，以及這種風險發(fā)展的速度有多快。）可知，在作者看來，企業(yè)缺乏網(wǎng)絡安全意識。故選A。

3.

根據(jù)第四段中的Withtheadvancementoftechnology,hackers（黑客）havebeenchanginganddeveloping.Sobusinessriskmanagementshouldincluderiskresilience（復原力）sothatbusinessescanrespondtoanydamagingcyberspaceactivity.（

隨著科技的進步，黑客也在不斷變化和發(fā)展。因此，商業(yè)風險管理應該包括風險復原力，以便企業(yè)能夠應對任何破壞性的網(wǎng)絡活動。）可知，因為威脅一直在變化，所以現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)絡復原力是必要的。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句Organisationsmustworktogethertoshareintelligenceandresources.Inthisway,thequality,usabilityandauthenticityofintelligencewillbegreatlyimproved.（各組織必須共同努力，共享情報和資源。這樣，情報的質(zhì)量、可用性和真實性將大大提高。）可知，最后一段主要是講形成真正的復原力需要共同努力。故選B。9~12.（1）細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段Theplasticvaluechainfacestwokeychallenges：controllingplasticwasteandreducinggreenhousegasemissions.（塑料價值鏈面臨兩個關鍵挑戰(zhàn)：控制塑料廢物和減少溫室氣體排放）可知，塑料價值鏈面臨的挑戰(zhàn)之一就是減少塑料污染。A.Exploring

renewable

energy.探索可再生能源；B.Reducing

plastic

production.減少塑料生產(chǎn)；C.Decreasing

plastic

pollution.減少塑料污染；D.Achieving

carbon

neutrality.實現(xiàn)碳中和。故選C。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段Recognizingthescaleofthechallenges，SABICunderstandsthatprogresscannotbemadealone.

（認識到挑戰(zhàn)的規(guī)模，沙特基礎工業(yè)公司明白，進展不可能單獨取得）"以及第四段中"Partnershipsarealsovitalinaddressingplasticwaste.（伙伴關系在處理塑料廢物方面也至關重要）可知，合作伙伴的合作對化工公司解決問題至關重要。A.Technology

development.技術開發(fā)；B.Partners'

cooperation.合作伙伴的合作；C.Carbon

neutrality.碳中和；D.Sustainable

development.可持續(xù)發(fā)展。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。由文章最后一段Althoughthechemicalindustryhasmadesignificantprogress，thereisstillmoreworktodotoachievethegoals.SABICisalreadymakingprogressonthecomplex，long—termeffortrequiredandwillcontinuetopartnerwithotherstoincreasethesolutionsneededtopushmeaningfulchange.（盡管化學工業(yè)取得了重大進展，但要實現(xiàn)這些目標，還有更多的工作要做。沙特基礎工業(yè)公司已經(jīng)在復雜的長期努力中取得了進展，并將繼續(xù)與其他公司合作，增加推動有意義變革所需的解決方案）可知，SABIC的努力沒有付諸流水，是有成效和意義的。故選D。

（4）標題歸納題。由文章第一段Theplasticvaluechainfacestwokeychallenges：controllingplasticwasteandreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Thechemicalindustryhasauniqueroletoplayinaddressingthesechallenges.Cooperationbetweenupstreamanddownstreampartnersisessentialtodevelopsolutionsthatreduceplasticpollutionandemissionsinplasticproduction.SABIC（SaudiBasicIndustriesCorporation）isattheforefrontoftheseefforts.（塑料價值鏈面臨兩個關鍵挑戰(zhàn)：控制塑料廢物和減少溫室氣體排放?；瘜W工業(yè)在應對這些挑戰(zhàn)方面發(fā)揮著獨特的作用。上游和下游伙伴之間的合作對于制定減少塑料生產(chǎn)中的塑料污染和排放的解決方案至關重要。沙特基礎工業(yè)公司（SABIC）站在這些努力的最前沿。）和下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了料價值鏈面臨的兩個挑戰(zhàn)，以及沙特基礎工業(yè)公司所做的努力和結果。因此A項"SABIC：A

leader

mapping

the

path

forward.沙特基礎工業(yè)公司：一個規(guī)劃未來道路的領導者"可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選A。

這段短文主要講述了塑料價值鏈面臨的兩個關鍵挑戰(zhàn)：控制塑料廢物和減少溫室氣體排放。化工行業(yè)在應對這些挑戰(zhàn)中發(fā)揮著獨特的作用。上下游合作伙伴之間的合作至關重要，以開發(fā)減少塑料污染和塑料生產(chǎn)排放的解決方案。SABIC（沙特基礎工業(yè)公司）處于這些努力的前沿。SABIC設定了具體目標，包括承諾在2050年實現(xiàn)碳中和。為了實現(xiàn)這一目標，該公司制定了碳中和路線圖，重點關注五個途徑：能源效率、可再生能源、電氣化、碳捕獲、利用和儲存（CCUS）以及綠色/藍色氫。SABIC認識到挑戰(zhàn)的規(guī)模，理解單打獨斗無法取得進展。該公司通過倡議積極合作，例如低碳排放技術（LCET）倡議，化工公司共同加速技術解決方案的開發(fā)，以實現(xiàn)碳中和。合作伙伴關系在解決塑料廢物問題中也至關重要。SABIC是"結束塑料廢物聯(lián)盟"的創(chuàng)始成員，該組織將價值鏈各方利益相關者聚集在一起，共同采取行動。該聯(lián)盟致力于實現(xiàn)塑料產(chǎn)品不再進入垃圾填埋場或海洋，而是被重復使用或轉(zhuǎn)化為新產(chǎn)品的未來。SABIC還積極參與推動從線性經(jīng)濟向循環(huán)碳經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)變。作為負責任的塑料生產(chǎn)商，SABIC認識到向客戶提供可持續(xù)材料的重要性。盡管化工行業(yè)已經(jīng)取得了重大進展，但仍有更多工作要